The Student Augmentative and Alternative Communication Profile & Portfolio

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The Student Augmentative and Alternative Communication Profile & Portfolio Gail M. VanTatenhove www.vantatenhove.com The Student Augmentative and Alternative (AAC) Profile & Portfolio was developed to document the use of AAC systems that emphasizes the use of core vocabulary. It has been used by teams that supported students with complex communication needs in both inclusive and special education classrooms. It includes forms to document the following information: IDENTIFYING STUDENT INFORMATION 2 CLASSROOM BOARD AND VISUAL/ACADEMIC SUPPORT MATERIALS 3 STUDENT S PERSONAL, MULTI- MODAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM 5 STUDENT COMMUNICATION & LANGUAGE PROFILE 7 SECTION 1: COMMUNICATION FUNCTIONS 9 COMMUNICATION FUNCTIONS & ROLES DATA COLLECTION FORM 10 COMMUNICATION FUNCTIONS & ROLES - IMPLEMENTATION PLANNING FORM 11 SECTION 2A: VOCABULARY ACQUISITION USE OF WORDS FROM LANGUAGE GROUPS 12 SECTION 2B: VOCABULARY ACQUISITION RESPONSE TO VOCABULARY MODELING 13 SECTION 2C: VOCABULARY ACQUISITION TARGET VOCABULARY LEARNING 15 CHART OF CORE AND EXTENDED VOCABULARY 16 CHART OF MORPHOLOGICAL SYMBOLS AND SPECIAL SYMBOLS 26 SECTION 3: SYNTAX AND SENTENCE DEVELOPMENT 27 SECTION 4: MORPHOLOGY DEVELOPMENT 28 SECTION 5: INTERACTION WITH COMMUNICATION PARTNERS 29 OTHER ASSESSMENT PROTOCOLS 31 SAMPLES OF ACADEMIC AND WRITTEN WORK 32 LANGUAGE SAMPLE TRANSCRIPTS 33 OTHER DOCUMENTATION 34

Student AAC Profile & Portfolio Identifying Student Information Include all information on the student relevant to participation in a core vocabulary classroom. Family information is recommended in order to build in the necessary home- school connection and support use of the AAC system within the home environment. Student Name: DOB: Diagnosis: Level of Communication Independence on : Emerging, Context- Dependent, Generative- Independent (circle one) Key Medical Information: Language(s) spoken at home: Parents: Siblings: School: Grade Level: Teacher: Classroom Assistant(s): Speech- Language Therapist: Occupational Therapist: Physical Therapist: Vision Specialist: Hearing Specialist: Critical Extended Family: Behavior Specialist: Other School Team Member: Other Relevant Family Information: Private Practice Services: OTHER: Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 2

Classroom Board and Visual/Academic Support Materials Student Name: Communication Partner Classroom Board: Describe the classroom board(s) that is being used in language modeling with the student(s). Name of Board (if appropriate): Pixon 50- Location Number of Targets: 1 10 11 20 21 5 51 75 76 100 Number of Vocabulary Words: 1 10 11 20 21 5 51 75 76 100 Type of Symbols/Pictures on the board for Core Vocabulary: (check each that applies): Pixon PCS Symbolstix Photos Tactile Type of Symbols/Pictures on the board for Extended Vocabulary: (check each that applies): Pixon PCS Symbolstix Photos Tactile Classroom Visual Support Materials Used: Check off and describe (if necessary) the classroom visual support materials that are being used to support communication. Wall Chart from the Pixon Project Kit Core Vocabulary Extended Vocabulary # of charts in classroom other locations of charts in school: copy of chart at home? Y N Other Wall Chart (describe and include photo): Core Vocabulary Extended Vocabulary # of charts in classroom other locations of charts in school: Descriptive Labels (describe what/where placed in room or school, include photos): Environmental Mini- Scripts (describe what/where placed in room or school, include photos): Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 3

Communication Displays Posted in Environments (describe what/where placed in room or school, include photos): Visual Schedules for communication purposes (describe, include photos) Symbol books for writing activities (describe, include photos): Interactive white board (describe, include photos): AAC Symbolized curriculum materials used in the classroom: Unique Learning System (describe): Other (describe): Other (describe): Other (describe): Other visual materials relevant to communication development: Other classroom- based technology being used relevant to communication development: Single message digital voice output devices (describe): Sequence message digital voice output devices (describe): Lite- Tech devices (e.g., GoTalk, SuperTalker, etc.) (describe): Other (describe): Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 4

Student s Personal, Multi- Modal Communication System Student Name: Current Communication System (list date): Update with additional copies of this form throughout the school year. Include an end- of- the- year description of the student s communication system. Check each means of communication intentionally used by the student, guess % used, and describe. Make sure the description of boards, SGDs, and apps lists the name of the vocabulary program and an approximate amount of vocabulary available to the student. vocalizations/speech % Describe: gestures % Describe: manual signs % Describe: manual C board % Describe: lite- tech SGD % Describe: high- tech SGD % Describe: mobile device/app % Describe: IF the student has a personal, speech- generating device (SGD) or mobile technology with an app, is it owned by the student/family? Y N Copy/Photo of the Student s Manual Board, SGD or Mobile Device/App: Include a photocopy and/or photograph of the student manual communication board, SGD, or mobile device/app. Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 5

Access Method for AAC System(s) Used: direct selection: points with (list body part or tool used) scanning: switch(es) and location(s): type of scanning: automatic step hold pattern: linear row/column column/row quarter row/column directed partner assisted scanning: encoded system (describe): Transportation of the AAC System: Does the student INDEPENDENTLY transport the AAC system? Y N Describe: What type of transportation system is being used? Describe: Include a photograph of the student s mounting system or other type of transportation system. Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 6

Student Communication & Language Profile Student Name: Date(s): Setting: Communication Partner(s) Activity AAC System Scaffolds Provided Sample 1: Sample 2: Sample 3: Sample 4: Sample 5: Sample 6: List the date(s) of the sampling. Try and conduct each sample during 1 to 5 days. Note the setting(s) for the sampling, (e.g., classroom, playground, speech room, home). List the communication partner(s) interacting with the student (e.g., teacher, assistant, classmates) Describe the activity(ies) being used to stimulate communication interaction (e.g., art, lunch, reading) Describe the AAC system(s) available for the student to use (e.g., Pixon board, wall chart words). Note any type of modifications to the system(s) to scaffold success (e.g., visual masking, highlighting, etc.). The form is set up for 6 sampling opportunities. In each opportunity, collect information on 5 things: Section 1: Communication Functions (why the student is communicating) Section 2: Vocabulary Acquisition (the words being learned and used by the student) Section 3: Syntax and Sentence Production (how the student is putting words together) Section 4: Morphology (how the student is putting endings on words) Section 5: Interaction with the Communication Partner(s) Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 7

It is a challenge to direct the activity AND record data. And it is IMPOSSIBLE to simultaneously observe/record data for each of these five areas. Options for gathering the needed information include the following: Have one person direct the activity with another person recording the data. Conduct the same or similar activity four times, collecting data for one of the five areas on each repetition. Videotape the interaction and complete the five forms at a later time. Have five people observe the activity, with each responsible for one of the five forms. NOTE: The checklists for Communication Functions, Vocabulary Selection, Syntax, and Morphology, are based on what is possible with the words and grammatical markers on the most robust Pixon board. The checklists do not reflect ALL possible grammatical variations (e.g., regular and irregular verbs, single and plural irregular nouns, etc.). Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 8

Section 1: Communication Functions Check communication functions/roles observed during the activity(ies) or that are known to occur consistently. Base decisions on (1) familiarity with the student, (2) the response of the student to your interpretation of his/her meaning, and (3) familiarly with the daily routine. Over time, provide an opportunity for each of the functions/roles listed. Use the following notation to indicate how the student communicated the function(s) or role(s). Mark with an X if an opportunity was provided to communicate this function/role, but the student failed to respond. Mark with a / if no opportunity was provided to communicate this function/role. X = opportunity provided, but not taken by the student B = behavior (e.g., yell, throw, laugh, etc.) V = vocalization/speech G = gesture or sign S = symbol on a communication system / = no opportunity provided A copy of the Data Collection Form for Communication Functions & Roles* is on the next page. A copy of an Implementation Planning Form for shaping communication functions and roles follows that page. Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 9

COMMUNICATION FUNCTIONS & ROLES DATA COLLECTION FORM X = opportunity provided, but not taken by the student B = behavior (e.g., yell, throw, laugh, etc.) V = vocalization/speech G = gesture or sign S = symbol on a communication system / = no opportunity provided Communication Functions & Roles* S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 call for or direct attention request object request or direct action request assistance request recurrence regulate time, distance, action state nonexistence or disappearance greet (say hello) part (say good- bye) affirm (say yes to a question) deny (say no to a question) cessation (to make something stop) reject or refuse (person, place, thing) request information (ask question) comment on an object comment on an action express emotion name or label state associations *agent of the action (I, you) *possession (mine, my, yours, his, hers) *location (prepositions, adverbs) *object of the action (names of things) Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 10

COMMUNICATION FUNCTIONS & ROLES - IMPLEMENTATION PLANNING FORM For each function, describe the NEW WAY (that is more appropriate and understandable) that you want the student to communicate this function and role. This new way could be a standard gesture, vocalization, manual sign, tactile symbol, picture symbol, or spoken word. Summarize your instructional plan for teaching/shaping this new way. Communication Functions New Way Instructional Plan call for or direct attention request object request or direct action request assistance request recurrence regulate time, distance, action state nonexistence or disappearance greet (say hello) part (say good- bye) affirm (say yes to a question) deny (say no to a question) cessation (to make something stop) reject or refuse (person, place, thing) request information (ask question) comment on an object comment on an action express emotion name or label state associations *agent of the action (I, you) *possession (mine, my, yours, his, hers) *location (prepositions, adverbs) *object of the action (names of things) Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 11

Section 2a: Vocabulary Acquisition Use of Words from Language Groups Check off vocabulary words used by the student in the activity. List some examples. Use the following notations to indicate the type of prompt (if any) was needed to stimulate use of the word. S = Spontaneous (produced the word without any verbal prompt, visual prompt, or model) M = Model (you modeled the word and the student repeated it) V = Verbal prompt (you told the student what word to select, such as Say, more to get more snack. P = Physical assistance (you provided physical assistance to guide the student (e.g., hand- over- hand, nudge). Vocabulary Acquisition S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 pronouns (I, you, it, me, mine) people words (names of people) negation (not, don t) verbs (help, go, eat, stop) place holders for nouns (that, this, some, all, it) specific nouns (book, hair, juice) adjectives (more, good, bad, different) prepositions (in, out, on) place adverbs (here, there, away) time words (now, again, later) question words (who, what, where) interjections (, please, sorry, be careful) conjunctions (and, because) Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 12

Section 2b: Vocabulary Acquisition Response to Vocabulary Modeling Use this information to track the student s response to modeling with the available symbols. Make copies of these forms and use throughout the implementation period. The various modeling/input- output activities that support symbol use acquisition are described below. MODEL - Note the visual model that was provided. It is assumed that all visual models are accompanied by verbal models that are simple, but complete sentences. Look/Listen The student watches the modeling you provide. He/She is attending and listening to the language input provided. A specific student response is NOT expected. Make a check mark ( ) if the student appeared to be attending to the model. Receptive Response When verbally and visually giving a direction (e.g., put in, go there), the student follows the direction. Make a check mark ( ) if the student responded to the direction. Repetition The student watches the modeling you provide and responds by repeating/pointing at part or all of what you modeled. Make a check mark ( ) if the student did a partial repetition or a full repetition. Expressive Response When verbally and visually interacting with the student (e.g., asking a question, making a comment), the student responds with a novel utterance. For example, the partner might say What do you want to do? and model What you do, and the student responds by saying, go again. Note the student s expressive response to the model. VISUAL MODEL Look/Listen Receptive Response Partial Repetition Full Repetition Expressive Response from Student Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 13

VISUAL MODEL Look/Listen Receptive Response Partial Repetition Full Repetition Expressive Response from Student Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 14

Section 2c: Vocabulary Acquisition Target Vocabulary Learning Use this form to track the student s learning of target core and supplemental extended vocabulary words from the Pixon 50- Location Core Board and the Pixon Wall Chart. Words are listed in alphabetical order. Words that are combined into 1 symbol on the Pixon board and/or wall chart are separately on this form. The alphabet and numbers are NOT on this form. This form can also be used to track use of these words on the Pixon60 app, LAMP Words for Life, or in a device with the Unity program. If using a different device or app with core vocabulary, this form can still be used, but may have to be modified to accommodate the available vocabulary in the other device/app. Add any words added to the student s vocabulary that you deem appropriate to track. Add ALL new core words. Use your discretion to track additional extended vocabulary. Be careful that you don t slip into excessive use of extended vocabulary. A second form is included for morphological markers and special symbols. Morphological markers are used to track emerging use of morphology. Special symbols are used to track the student s acquisition of strategic skills. Track information on the student s receptive acquisition and expressive use of the target vocabulary. DO NOT keep testing and testing and testing if the student has demonstrated that he/she receptively knows the word/symbol. Mark it ACQUIRED. Track information on the following 4 aspects of vocabulary acquisition. Match Show the student the Pixon symbol (as a flashcard) and have him/her find it on a communication board, wall chart or other display/activity material that includes that Pixon symbol. Mark the student s response to any tested items (e.g., + or ). Identify Ask the student to show you the Pixon symbol with a verbal prompt only (e.g., Show me more ). Use any type of communication board, wall chart or activity material. Make a check mark ( ) if the student appeared to be attending to the model. Supported Use Note any use of the symbol/word when provided with supports (visual support materials, cloze procedure, word bank, multiple choices, etc.) or assistance in locating the correct page/flip section for the word. Make a check mark ( ) if the student used the word. Spontaneous Use Note any spontaneous use of the symbol/word. Spontaneous use includes independent navigation to the word in a manual board, app, or device. Make a check mark ( ) if the student used the word. Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 15

CHART OF CORE AND EXTENDED VOCABULARY RECEPTIVE EXPRESSIVE WORD Match Identify Supported Use Spontaneous Use afraid after afternoon again aide all all done all gone am and ankle April are arm ask August away awesome baby back (body) bad be be careful because before big black blue body bottom bottom (butt) boy break brother Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 16

RECEPTIVE EXPRESSIVE WORD Match Identify Supported Use Spontaneous Use brown bus driver busy buy call calm can change position cheap chest (body) child children circle class clean close cloudy cold color come confused cool count crazy crooked cut dark day December diamond different dirty do- does- did don t down draw Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 17

RECEPTIVE EXPRESSIVE WORD Match Identify Supported Use Spontaneous Use dress drink dry dumb ear early easy eat elbow empty excuse me expensive eye face fall- autumn family fast fat father favorite February feel few find finger finished fix foggy foot Friday friend full fun funny get girl Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 18

RECEPTIVE EXPRESSIVE WORD Match Identify Supported Use Spontaneous Use give go gold gone good goodbye grandfather grandmother gray- silver green hair hand happy hard (difficult) hard (vs. soft) have- has- had he head hear heart heavy hello help her here hers him his hold home hot how how much hungry hurry hurt Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 19

RECEPTIVE EXPRESSIVE WORD Match Identify Supported Use Spontaneous Use I icy idea in is it January July June know late- later less let light (vs. dark) light (weight) like listen little live long look lose loud love mad make man many March May maybe me mean medium messy mine Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 20

RECEPTIVE EXPRESSIVE WORD Match Identify Supported Use Spontaneous Use Monday month more morning mother mouth much my myself name neat neck need new nice night no nose not November now October off old on one open orange out oval over people pet pink place play Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 21

RECEPTIVE EXPRESSIVE WORD Match Identify Supported Use Spontaneous Use please poor pretty problem purple put question quiet rainy read ready rectangle red rich ride right (correct) rough sad same Saturday say scary school season see September share she short shoulder sick silly sing sister sit skinny Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 22

RECEPTIVE EXPRESSIVE WORD Match Identify Supported Use Spontaneous Use sleep slippery slow SLP smart smooth snowy soft some sorry spring square stand star sticky stomach stop stormy straight strong student s name stuff summer Sunday sunny take talk tall teacher tell thank you that the date is there they thing Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 23

RECEPTIVE EXPRESSIVE WORD Match Identify Supported Use Spontaneous Use think thirsty this throat Thursday time tired today toes tomorrow tonight top town triangle trouble try Tuesday turn ugly under up wait walk want warm was- were wash watch way we weak Wednesday week wet what when Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 24

RECEPTIVE EXPRESSIVE WORD Match Identify Supported Use Spontaneous Use where white who why wild win windy winter woman work wrist write wrong year yellow yes yesterday you you re welcome your yuk yum Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 25

CHART OF MORPHOLOGICAL SYMBOLS AND SPECIAL SYMBOLS RECEPTIVE EXPRESSIVE WORD Match Identify Supported Use Spontaneous Use +ed +er +est +ing +s (plural) +s (verb) +to opposite of same as sounds like starts with Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 26

Section 3: Syntax and Sentence Development Check off the types of utterances produced by the student. Use the following notations to indicate the type of prompt (if any) was needed to stimulate the utterance. S = Spontaneous (produced the utterance without any verbal or visual prompt or model) M = Model (you modeled the utterance and the student repeated all or part of it) V = Verbal prompt (you told the student what words to select, such as Say, want more to get more snack. P = Physical assistance (you provided some type of physical assistance to guide the student (e.g., hand- over- hand, nudge). Syntax and Sentence Development S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 Single word utterances Word strings or Topic- Comment Two- word utterances with emerging traditional syntax Agent + Action (I go) Action + Object (get that) Object + Possessive (that mine) Question + X (what that, where go, who help) Action + Descriptor (go fast, help now) Three- word utterances Four- word utterances Five- word utterances Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 27

Section 4: Morphology Development Check features present in each sample. They are not arranged developmentally. Make NA if the morphology cannot currently be communicated on the person s board. If you have a language sample available, calculate mean length of utterance in morphemes and words. Use the following notations to indicate the type of prompt (if any) was needed to stimulate the morphological form. S = Spontaneous (produced the form without any verbal or visual prompt or model) M = Model (you modeled the form and the student repeated all or part of it) V = Verbal prompt (you told the student what words to select, such as Add s to get more than one. P = Physical assistance (you provided some type of physical assistance to guide the student (e.g., hand- over- hand, nudge). Morphology S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 plural s (boy + s) first/second person subject pronoun (I, you, it) third person subject pronoun (he, she) plural subject pronoun (we, they) object pronoun (me, him, her, us, them) possessive pronoun (his, hers, ours, theirs) reflexive pronoun (myself, yourself, itself) present tense (go) 3rd person singular present tense (goes) present progressive verb tense (+ing) regular past tense (+ed) infinitive verb tense (to+ verb) future tense (will + verb, going to + verb) auxiliary verbs (is, was/were, be, have/has) modal verbs (can/have) question words (who, what, when, where, why) subject- verb inversion (are you, is he, can they) comparative forms (big/bigger) superlative forms (biggest) MLU- Words MLU- Morphemes Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 28

Section 5: Interaction with Communication Partners Observe interaction with various communication partners. Note how the role of the communication partner influences the student s interaction. The chart includes a section for documenting the communication interaction behaviors of the communication partner as well as the communication interaction behaviors of the student. For each sample, note the name of the primary person interacting with the student and the date/activity. Sample 1: Sample 2: Sample 3: Sample 4: Sample 5: Sample 6: Communication Partner Date/Activity Interaction Variables S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 communication partner provided student with access to AAC system student indicated need for AAC system if not provided with it communication partner placed AAC system in an appropriate location for access by the student student indicated need for the AAC system to be adjusted for his/her access communication partner expected use of the AAC system student showed awareness of the need to use the AAC system communication partner created opportunities for the student to use the AAC system using a variety of strategies (e.g., sabotage, temptation, ignorance) student responded in some way to opportunities created to communicate communication partner waited for the student to initiate communication with the AAC system student initiated communication communication partner used timing strategies (e.g., expectant delay, increased wait time, slower pacing of the activity) to promote processing and participation by the student in a turn- taking routine Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 29

student responded to timing strategies by initiating or responding in a turn- taking routine after a reasonable amount of time to take his/her turn communication partner responded to the student s communication by acknowledging it, expanding it, or correcting any error student continued in turn- taking after the communication partner responded to him/her previous communication turn communication partner limited the use of yes- no questions communication partner asked /wh/ questions to encourage use of core vocabulary student answered /wh/ questions communication partner used scaffolding strategies (e.g., masking, highlighting, scripts, reduced choices, individual wall chart symbols, word wall, etc.) student responded with improved interaction when provided with scaffolding strategies communication partner provided visual modeling on an AAC system student responded with improved interaction or language when provided with visual modeling communication partner used an identified prompt hierarchy to encourage communication and interaction student responded with improved communication and interaction when provided with a prompt from the prompt hierarchy communication partner student communication partner student Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 30

Other Assessment Protocols Student Name: List other assessment protocols that have been completed on the student. Consider any of the following additional communication assessment tools: Communication Matrix by Charity Rowland, available as an online tool with an account at: https://www.communicationmatrix.org/ Test of Early Communication and Emerging Language by Mary Blake Heur, available from a variety of publishers AAC Profile: A Continuum of Learning by Tracy Kovach, from LinguiSystems Functional Communication Profile- Revised by Larry Kleinman, from LinguiSystems Assessment Protocol Date Completed Person Doing the Assessment Include any Assessment Protocol forms in the Student Portfolio. Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 31

Samples of Academic and Written Work Student Name: Include any samples of the student s academic and/or written work to document use of core vocabulary and other target vocabulary words. Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 32

Language Sample Transcripts Student Name: Include any language sample(s) collected on the student. Note whether or not the sample was collecting in a traditional way (observation/audio- video recording) or via automated data collection from a SGD or mobile technology app. Record the setting/activity, if possible, in which the sample was collected. Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 33

Other Documentation Student Name: Include any other documentation that needs to be included in the student s Communication Portfolio. Consider adding a video on a flash drive or CD to document the student s communication interaction and communication changes. List the additional documentation provided and include in the Communication Portfolio. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Van Tatenhove, 2008; modified 8/2014 Student AAC Profile & Portfolio 34