Chapter 1 test Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following situations best describes the use of a renewable resource? a. filling a car with gasoline c. mining copper b. building wooden furniture d. burning coal in a power plant 2. During the _ period(s), humans altered their habitats. a. hunter-gatherer c. Industrial Revolution b. agricultural revolution d. All of the above 3. The _ was not a direct result of the Industrial Revolution. a. overhunting of large mammals c. improved quality of life b. shift in the use of fossil fuels d. growth of cities 4. All of these fields of study contribute to environmental science except a. linguistics. c. social sciences. b. biology and earth sciences. d. physics and chemistry. 5. In which country is the population likely to be increasing most rapidly? a. Kenya c. Australia b. Germany d. Norway 6. Using scientific information from chemistry and biology to devise a plan to clean up a lake and make it healthy again describes a. ecology. c. earth science. b. environmental science. d. social science. 7. Why is the world s loss of biodiversity a source of concern? a. Humans depend upon other organisms for food and oxygen. b. Species extinctions have been rare throughout history. c. Loss of biodiversity is not a concern because extinctions are common. d. Both (a) and (b) 8. A focus of environmental science not studied in ecology is the a. interaction among living things. b. use of natural resources. c. influence of humans on the environment. d. Both (a) and (b) 9. During the agricultural revolution, a. plants and animals were domesticated. b. fossil fuel use increased. c. human populations decreased due to disease. d. Both (a) and (c) 10. _ is a biodegradable material that becomes a pollutant if allowed to accumulate more rapidly than it can decompose. a. Plastic c. Newspaper b. Mercury d. Metal from junk cars
11. Which of the following describes the depletion of a renewable resource? a. hunting of excess deer to maintain a healthy population size b. intensive cultivation of farmland that exhausts soil nutrients c. mining coal d. increasing use of solar energy to generate electrical power 12. All of the following issues involve environmental science except a. measuring smog levels in cities. b. asking people questions about the cost of various resources. c. studying the loss of plant and animal species. d. publishing the results of a study on fossil fuel depletion. 13. The fact that useful man-made substances can cause unforeseen damage is illustrated by a. the detection of Oscillatoria rubescens in Lake Washington. b. the condition of the atmosphere s protective ozone layer. c. the pollution of the Gulf of Mexico from farm chemicals. d. All of the above 14. Which country is most likely to have either a stabilized or a slowly growing population? a. India c. Mexico b. Canada d. Pakistan 15. The Tragedy of the Commons describes the conflict between a. developing and developed nations. c. individuals and society. b. farmers and industrialized society. d. Canada and Mexico. 16. A sustainable world would be characterized by the a. preservation of rare animals by relocation from natural habitats to laboratories. b. invention of safer storage facilities for increased amounts of toxic wastes. c. maximum exploitation of natural resources using more advanced technologies. d. indefinite existence of human populations in a healthy and prosperous condition. 17. According to the law of supply and demand, what would occur if the supply of oil declined and the demand remained the same? a. oil prices would drop c. oil usage would drop b. oil prices would increase d. oil usage would increase 18. An ecological footprint is the a. mark a person s shoe makes in soft earth. b. number of animals a person has killed. c. amount of land and ocean area needed to support one person. d. number of trees people cut down. 19. Compared to developing nations, developed nations have a. lower health standards. c. greater personal wealth. b. faster-growing populations. d. higher health standards. 20. Which of the following is a developing nation? a. the United States c. Canada b. France d. Ethiopia 21. A resident of _ is likely to leave the largest ecological footprint. a. Indonesia c. the United States
b. Britain d. India 22. Most of today s environmental problems began during which period(s) in human history? a. hunter-gatherer period c. Industrial Revolution b. agricultural revolution d. Both (a) and (c) 23. Using economic considerations of resource use, the law of supply and demand describes a. the availability of abundant resources. b. the relationship between the availability and the worth of resources. c. the worth of nonrenewable resources. d. reduced demand resulting from a lack of available resources. 24. Listing both the merits and expenses involved in implementing a particular environmental solution is an example of a(n) a. cost-benefit analysis. c. ecological footprint. b. risk assessment. d. market equilibrium. 25. Hardin s Tragedy of the Commons essay addresses the conflicts associated with what environmental challenge? a. preventing pollution c. curbing overpopulation b. preserving biodiversity d. protecting shared resources 26. The term biodiversity refers to a. The number of species living on Earth. b. The number and variety of species living on Earth. c. The number and variety of species that are considered renewable. d. The number and variety of species that live in an area.
Chapter 1 test Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 2. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 3. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 4. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 5. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 6. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 7. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 8. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 9. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 10. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 11. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 12. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 13. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 14. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 15. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 16. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 17. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 18. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 19. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 20. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 21. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 22. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1
23. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 24. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 25. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 26. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 1