2014 UN e-government Survey Richard Kerby Senior Inter-Regional Adviser E-Government and Knowledge Management Outline Development Efforts and Public Administration at the UN UN E-Government Survey Advocacy, Research and Capacity Building Programmes http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/.. 2
UN Public Administration Programme (Since 1948) Institutional and Human Resource Development Electronic and Mobile Government Citizen Engagement in Managing Development Open Government Data Advancing Public Governance for the Future Future Government = Citizen-centric + Agile and Responsive + Innovative + Inclusive + Open, Transparent and Accountable + Connected + Sustainable http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/.. 3 UN E-Government Survey E-Government Survey 2014 8 th Edition UN E-Government Survey 2014 http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 4.. 4
Impact to Member States Argentina Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Brazil Brunei Darussalam Chad China Columbia Costa Rica Croatia Djibouti Dominican Republic Ethiopia Fiji Finland India Iraq Israel Italy Jordan Lebanon Lesotho Germany Georgia Ghana Malaysia Mexico Mongolia Morocco Netherlands Norway Oman Panama Portugal Qatar Republic of Korea Romania Russia Saudi Arabia South Africa Spain Sri Lanka Sweden United Arab Emirates Togo Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan United Republic of Tanzania United States Vietnam etc. http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/.. 5 Impact of UN E-Government Survey http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/.. 6
UN E-Government Survey In the UN Survey, the E-Government Development Index (EGDI) is derived as a composite indicator comprising: 1. Online services 2. Telecommunication infrastructure 3. Human capital Supplementary: E-participation facilitation E-Government Development Index (EGDI) http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/.. 7 Social media: Facebook (2004) Twitter (2006) Disruptive technologies Cloud Computing Smart Phones Whole-of-government Open Government Data Big Data, Linked Data Static vs Dynamic Websites 2001 2005 2008 2010 2013 UN E-Gov Survey 1 st Edition 8 th Edition http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/.. 8
Findings Whole-of- government approaches lead the way in advanced countries The 2012 Survey finds that many Member States are moving from a decentralized single-purpose organization model, to an integrated unified whole-of- government model contributing to efficiency and effectiveness. The model aims at centralizing the entry point of service delivery to a single portal where citizens can access all government-supplied services, regardless of which government authority provides them. In some countries, the whole-of-government approach helps build a transparent government system with interconnected departments and divisions, feeding into the funnel of greater government efficiency and effectiveness. http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 9 Findings Member States are paying closer attention to multi-channel service delivery This year s Survey also indicates that global infrastructure access improved, with the global average ICT index value reflecting an increase in mobile penetration the global average number of mobile subscriptions per 100 inhabitants is now 88.5. Broadband penetration, however, remains very low, with a global average of only 8.7 fixed broadband connections per 100 inhabitants. Mobile-based technologies have become the most rapidly adapted technologies to provide e-services, playing a pivotal role, especially in developing countries. Rural areas with very little access to telephony can now benefit from mobile and broadband services to access services http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 10
Findings Developing countries make progress in e- participation Many developing countries have adopted citizen inclusion as key in providing customer -oriented services. While the Republic of Korea and the Netherlands are the world leaders, Singapore and Kazakhstan are close behind. Europe has the largest share of the top e-participation countries. Despite progress the gains are not spread evenly, both across and within countries, with the majority still offering low levels of engagement possibilities. http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 11 Findings Citizens demand more services While the primary focus of Member States has been the provision of services from a supplier perspective, recently there has been a shift towards a more consumer demand driven policy and greater emphasis on citizen usage. Nevertheless the level of citizen up-take currently remains at low levels. http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 12
Web Presence Emerging presence. Stage I - e-government presents information which is limited and basic. The e-government online presence comprises a web page and/or an official website; links to ministries/departments of education, health, social welfare, labor and finance may/may not exist. Enhanced presence - Stage II - the online services of the government enter the interactive mode with services to enhance convenience of the consumer such as downloadable forms for tax payment application for license renewal. http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 13 Web Presence Transactional presence - Stage III - allows two-way interactions between the citizen and his/her government. It includes options for paying taxes; applying for ID cards, birth certificates/passports, license renewals and other similar C2G interactions by allowing him/her to submit these online 24/7. Networked presence - Stage IV - represents the most sophisticated level in the online e-government initiatives. It can be characterized by an integration of G2G, G2C and C2G (and reverse) interactions. The government encourages participatory deliberative decision making and is willing and able to involve the society in a two-way open dialogue. http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 14
E-Participation Index The E-Participation Index assesses the quality, usefulness and relevancy of the information and services and the willingness of countries to engage citizens in public policy making through the use of the e-government programs. The E-participation Index is segmented into three sectors: E-information, E-consultation, and E-decision-making. http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 15 E-participation Tools 1. Discussion Forums 2. Customer Satisfaction Surveys 3. Opinion Polls 4. Blogs 5. Social Networking Sites (Facebook) http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 16
Telecommunication Infrastructure 2012 Indicators Estimated Internet Users Main fixed phone lines Mobile subscribers Fixed Internet subscriptions Fixed broadband 2014 Indicators Estimated Internet Users Main fixed phone lines Mobile subscribers Wireless broadband Fixed broadband http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/.. 17 Thematic Focus of 2014 Survey Overall trends of online services E-Participation development Embracing whole-of-government approach Expanding usage Bridging the digital divide Maximising mobile and multi-channels Effective use of open government data http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/.. 18
Open Government Data Limitations of existing legislation; emerging trend towards OGD related legislation: Freedom of Information Act, Data Protection Act; Data Governance Policy Institutionisation of OGD Data driven political processes and policies Value of data: relevance; business case; data at local level; promoting transparency and accountability Supporting multi-platforms for publishing OGD Privacy and Security; lack of trust (Lack of Trust (G2G, G2C, C2G) and Reluctance to share data (common reasons) Return of investment (ROI) on open data; Incentives for use of OGD Abuse of data and incomplete data http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/.. 19 Expanding Usage Targetisation/automation; personalisation Value proposition; context and relevance New forms: mobile, social media, open data, cloud computing, crowd sourcing Government commitment Government as a platform Decentralisation of e-government services Enhanced access to the vulnerable groups Open data and co-creation Campaigns, awareness, outreach and training: self-assist, virtual-assist, assisted use Ecosystem approach to online services http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/.. 20
E-Government Self-Assessment Toolkit Interactive toolkit for countries to perform selfassessment based on the UN E-Government framework and methodology To enable countries to collect and analyze data to gain deeper understanding on their current e- government development and impact; and to identify areas of improvement http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/.. 21 Measurement and Evaluation Tool for E-Participation Readiness (METEP) To promote and strengthen government capacities to engage citizens in public policy and decisionmaking processes by using e-participation technologies and good governance practices Stages of e-participation: e-information e-consultation e-decision-making http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/.. 22
Thank You @richardkerby - twitter kerby@un.org - email 谢 شكرا 谢 thank you merci bienvenidos gracias