PBX DIGITAL TELEPHONE EXCHANGE MAINTENANCE GUIDE

PBX DIGITAL TELEPHONE EXCHANGE MAINTENANCE GUIDE

PBX MAINTENANCE GUIDE MARCH -2010

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Version Table DATE/VERSION OF GUIDE 24.03.2010/AAA DS200L PBX BK REV. AAA 24.03.2010 KAREL reserves the right to make modifications in product features mentioned in this document for development and improvement purposes, without prior notice. Individual products may possess characteristics different from those that have been mentioned in this document, due to their differences in software and hardware versions. III

PREFACE This guide contains maintenance based information of DS200L system as IP address definitions, using required programs, software upgrade operations and obtaining log files. The information in this guide is important for utilizing and maintaining DS200L systems without any problems. This guide must be read by the technical person who is responsible for maintaining the system. Best regards, KAREL IV

CONTENTS IP ADDRESS DEFINITION... 1 IP ADDRESS DEFINITION OF DCC UTILITY CARD... 1 HypertermInal Connection... 1 Commands at the HypertermInal Program... 4 IP ADDRESS DEFINITION OF PCU200 BLOCK... 6 If IP Address of the PCU200 computer Is changed... 10 ChangIng the Gateway IP Address of PCU200 Computer... 11 IP ADDRESS DEFINITION OF CC CARD... 12 SOFTWARE UPDATING... 14 UPDATING THE MASTER SOFTWARE... 14 WINSCP PROGRAM... 14 UPDATING THE MASTER SOFTWARE OF THE SYSTEM... 17 UPDATING THE SOFTWARE OF THE CARDS IN THE DCC BLOCK... 20 DCC UTILITY CARD SOFTWARE UPDATE... 20 DCC 8E1 Interface CARD SOFTWARE UPDATE... 22 USING SSH SECURE SHELL PROGRAM... 23 IDEA- DS200L SYSTEM CONNECTION... 30 IDEA-DCC CONNECTION... 31 DCC CONFIGURATION MENU... 32 E1 LINE INFOS MENU... 33 CHANNEL BUSY/IDLE INFORMATIONS MENU... 34 BERT (BIT ERROR RATE TEST) MENU... 35 CONSOLE MENU... 37 PLL (PHASE-LOCKED LOOP) STATE MENU... 37 DATE/TIME MENU... 38 NON-VOLATILE MEMORY OPERATIONS MENU... 38 CARD FIRMWARE UPGRADE MENU... 38 USER /SECURITY OPERATIONS MENU... 39 USERS... 39 CHANGE PASSWORD... 39 OPERATIONS LOG... 40 SETTINGS MENU... 40 SettIngs... 40 Log FIle SettIngs... 41 OBTAINING LOG FILE... 42 LOG FILE OF THE SYSTEM... 42 Log FIle of IDEA Program... 43 ETHEREAL LOG... 44 HYPERTERMINAL LOGS OBTAINED FROM THE DCC BLOCK... 48 V

IP ADDRESS DEFINITION DS200L system realizes the communication through IP network in a local area network. Thus, the system is isolated from the outer world. This structure is very important for the security of the system. IP address definitions of DCC Utility Card, PCU200 Block and CC card are explained below. As a prerequisite, these devices should be connected to the network switch in the DS200L system via standard ethernet cables. Also maintenance computer (Windows O.S. based PC), used for programming and maintaining the system, should be connected to the same LAN (local area network) with the DS200L system. IP ADDRESS DEFINITION OF DCC UTILITY CARD Defining IP address to the DCC Utility card is done via Hyperterminal program at the maintenance computer. Details regarding the IP address definition are explained below. HYPERTERMINAL CONNECTION The steps below are followed during the connection between DCC and the maintenance computer is established. 1. Connect DCC Utility card to the maintenance computer by a proper serial port cable. Pinots for the connectors are shown below. Signal The Exchange end pin no (9-pin Female Connector) The Computer end pin no (9-pin Male Connector) TX 2 2 RX 3 3 GND 5 5 NOTE: Before or after the connection, DCC Utility end or maintenance computer end of this cable should not be remained unconnected. Because in such a case, the cable is subject to external effects like noise, etc. 1

2. Run Hyperterminal program and name the connection. 3. Select the proper COM port. 2

4. Then, the settings in the figure below should be done. Bits per second 115200, Data Bits 8, Parity None, Stop bits 1, Flow Control None 5. Then, press ENTER key to reach $ command line. 3

COMMANDS AT THE HYPERTERMINAL PROGRAM 1. Type reboot in the $ command line. Then press ENTER key and press ESC key immediately to reach dcc> command line. Enter the following commands in the given order, when dcc> command line appears. a) dcc> printenv ipaddr The IP address of the DCC Utility card is viewed by this command. b) dcc> setenv ipaddr 192.168.xxx.yyy The IP address of the DCC Utility card is changed by this command. c) dcc> printenv ipaddr The new IP address of the DCC Utility card can be checked by this command. d) dcc> saveenv The entire operations performed above are saved by this command By the commands above, IP address definition of DCC Utility card is completed. Furthermore, if necessary, commands below can be used for ServerIP address setting & viewing operations. ServerIP address is the IP address of the server computer on which ktftp.exe runs. And ktftp.exe is a file used at DCC Utility card software upgrade operation. Details are explained in Chapter II. 4

e) dcc> printenv serverip ServerIP address is viewed by this command. f) dcc> setenv serverip 192.168.xxx.yyy ServerIP address is changed by this command. g) dcc> printenv serverip The new ServerIP address can be checked by this command. h) dcc> saveenv The entire operations performed above are saved by this command 5

IP ADDRESS DEFINITION OF PCU200 BLOCK Firstly, run SSH Secure Shell program by entering the IP address of the PCU200 computer (IP address of PCU200 computer given by default). Running SSH Secure Shell program is explained in Chapter III. After the SSH Secure Shell connection is established, type the command yast and press ENTER key. NOTE: These operations also can be done without starting the system entering the start command), running the PCU200 computer will be enough. 6

Then, YAST Control screen of the PCU200 computer is accessed. At this screen, Select Network Devices/ Network Settings and press ENTER key. See the ethernet cards that have been defined on the PCU200. Go to the relevant ethernet card by using TAB and direction keys. 7

Then go to the relevant ethernet card settings by selecting Edit option by using TAB key and then press ENTER key. Set IP address of the PCU200 computer from the IP address part properly. Reach Next option by pressing the TAB key and then press ENTER key. 8

After the operation is over; IP address of the PCU200 computer has been changed. So that SSH Secure Shell connection will be lost and a warning message shown below appears on the screen. For connecting again, new IP address should be written during the SSH Secure Shell connection. 9

IF IP ADDRESS OF THE PCU200 COMPUTER IS CHANGED IP addresses of Main (master) and redundant PCU200 computers are saved into the hosts file under the etc directory which can be reached by WinSCP program ( Details of WinSCP program are explained in the Chapter II ). Thus, when the IP addresses of PCU200 computers are changed, new IP addresses must be written to the hosts file. Otherwise, system does not operate. In the hosts file, x1 corresponds to the master PCU200 computer and x2 corresponds to the redundant PCU200. If we assume the IP address of the master PCU200 computer as 192.168.2.100 and the IP address of the redundant PCU200 computer as 192.168.2.101 by default, the hosts file is supposed to be as shown below. 10

CHANGING THE GATEWAY IP ADDRESS OF PCU200 COMPUTER In order to change the Gateway IP address of PCU200 computer, Network Settings/Routing option is used. 11

IP ADDRESS DEFINITION OF CC CARD In order to define IP address to the CC card, Telnet connection to CC card should be established. Then, the commands shown below are entered for IP address definition. 1. At the maintenance computer, select Run option at the Start menu. telnet -t vt100 192.168.xxx.yyy command is entered (Assume that IP address of the CC card is 192.168.128.179). The screenshot below shows how to make this process. 2. At the Telnet screen, enter the following Username and Password. After this, # command line appears. Username (login): root Password: ds200 12

3. IP and NetMask (Subnet) addresses of the ethernet ports of the card are viewed by the command ifconfig. IP address of the CC card is defined at the first ethernet port (eth0) of the card. Then, when the command chgip eth0 192.168.128.180 255.255.255.0 is entered, IP address of the CC card is changed as 192.168.178.180. Also, NetMask (Subnet) address is changed as 255.255.255.0 which was 255.255.192.0 before. NOTE: 192.168.178.180 IP address is given as a sample. 13

SOFTWARE UPDATING UPDATING THE MASTER SOFTWARE WINSCP PROGRAM WinSCP program is used for making the file transfer between the devices in the same network. The program WinSCP is installed on the Windows-based maintenance PC that is in the same network and then the Linux PC (PCU200) is accessed. After establishing the connection to the WinSCP program as shown below, some directories and files are supposed to be checked. Making the essential settings is explained below. After the installation of the program WinSCP is over, the following window appears. The IP address of the PCU200 computer is typed as the Hostname. The username and the password are entered. SFTP is selected as File Protocol. Username: root Password: ds200l 14

Save these settings with a specific name and click Save option. This will make future connections easier. Then click Login option to establish the connection. The left half of the window that opens shows the folders on the maintenance computer (Windows PC) while the right half displays the ones on the PCU200 ( Linux PC ). Press icon at the right-top side to reach the part where karel directory exists. 15

karel directory is loaded to the PCU200 computer by default. But it will be useful to check whether these directories and the files are missing or not. The content of the karel directory is shown below. These directories and files are explained in detail in the DS Series PBX Technical Reference and Installation Guide. 16

UPDATING THE MASTER SOFTWARE OF THE SYSTEM Master software of the system runs on the PCU200 computer and exists under karel/bin directory. Upgrading this software is done via WinSCP program. The master software that is to be loaded is copied into the maintenance computer. This software can be viewed in the WinSCP program at the left side of the figure below. Then this master software is copied into the karel/bin directory at the PCU200 which is at the right side of the figure below. NOTE: As the figure below shows, there may be several master software under the karel/bin folder. Because the command check x_bab_6 determines which master software will be running on the system. Details of this command are explained in the following pages. 17

After copying the new master software, run SSH Secure Shell program. Then type cd /karel/bin and press ENTER key. At this directory, runs the command rpm -ivh --force x_bab_6.rpm. By this command, some directories& files are formed under x_bab_6 directory. The files which have rpm extension are zipped files. And also by this command, rpm file is extracted. A screenshot regarding these is shown below. NOTE: x_bab_6.rpm is given as a sample of master software. Then enter check x_bab_6 command in the SSH Secure Shell program to set read-writeexecute (r-w- ) permissions of all the files under karel directory. This command also upgrades software version information written in the dsinit.conf file automatically. Then, at the WinSCP program, check if the master software information under the karel/home/conf/ dsinit.conf is updated or not. NOTE: If check command does not operate, r-w-x permissions of the check file must be checked. 18

Then, enter stop command at first to stop the system then enter start command in the SSH Secure Shell program to restart the system. 19

UPDATING THE SOFTWARE OF THE CARDS IN THE DCC BLOCK DCC UTILITY CARD SOFTWARE UPDATE Updating the software to the DCC Utility card is done via Hyperterminal program. By default, 3 software files exist on the DCC Utility card. These are U-Boot, Kernel and MTD software. Except special requirements, U-Boot and Kernel files will not be updated. When the software changes related to the DCC Utility card are performed, the software to be loaded to the card is MTD ( image.jffs2 ). How to update the MTD software is explained below. NOTE: Software of the DCC 8E1 Interface cards are also embedded into the MTD software. Thus, all of the DCC 8E1 Interface cards in the DCC block are updated automatically when MTD software is updated. So, if MTD software is updated, then there is no need to update the software of the DCC 8E1 Interface cards which is performed via DCC IDEA connection. As a prerequisite, ethernet cable of DCC Utility card should be connected to the network switch of DS200L system. 1) At the maintenance computer, copy ktftp.exe file into a folder. Copy MTD software into the same folder as well and then run ktftp.exe file. 2) Make Hyperterminal connection with a proper serial port cable as explained in Chapter I. 3) Run Hyperterminal program and press ENTER key to reach $ command line. 20

4) Type reboot in $ command line of the Hyperterminal window. Press ENTER key and then press ESC immediately to reach dcc> command line. 5) At dcc > command line, use the following commands: a) run save_mtd Loads MTD software into the DCC Utility Card. A screenshot regarding this operation is shown below. 21

b) setenv bootcmd run flash_mtd Loads MTD software into the flash on the DCC Utility card. c) setenv bootdelay 3 Sets the delay at the starting of the DCC Utility card to 3 seconds. d) saveenv Saves the entire operations performed above. The screenshot related to the commands explained above is shown below. DCC 8E1 INTERFACE CARD SOFTWARE UPDATE The software versions of the DCC 8E1 Interface cards can be updated via DCC IDEA connection. Details regarding this operation are explained in the section V.11. Also as explained in the previous pages, all of the DCC 8E1 Interface cards in the DCC block are updated automatically when MTD software is updated. So if MTD software of DCC Utility card is updated, there will be no need to update the software of DCC 8E1 Interface cards via DCC IDEA. 22

USING SSH SECURE SHELL PROGRAM The SSH Secure Shell is a PC interface program which is used to manage the DS200L system by accessing PCU200 (Linux) in the system. After the installation of the SSH Secure Shell program is completed on the maintenance computer, following the steps below will be convenient. 1) The default window that opens after the program is installed is shown below. 2) It is possible to define new profile through the window below by selecting Add Profiles option. Master and redundant PCU200 computers can be defined by this way. This will make later connections easier. 23

3) Define a profile name for Master PC which is the PCU200 computer running in the system. 4) Select Profiles/ Edit Profiles option in the menu to make profile settings. 24

5) Enter the IP address of the master PCU200 into the Host Name part. Type root in the User Name part. 6) Select the pre-defined profile Master from Profiles part for connection to the Master PCU200. 25

7) Enter ds200l as the Password. 8) Proceed to the root command line as shown below. For this, type cd.. or cd / and then press ENTER key. 26

Some of the Important Commands Used in the Program SSH Secure Shell 1) stop command is used to stop the DS200L system. After this command dial tone of the system will be cut. And start command is used to power OFF&ON ( restart) the system. 2) date command shows the date and time of the system. If required, date and time of the system can be set from IDEA-DS200L connection. 27

3) ifconfig command lists the ethernet cards that have been defined on the PCU200.. 4) check x_bab_6 sets the read - write - execute (r-w-x) permissions of the files under the karel directory ( x_bab_6 is a sample of the main software version of the exchange).. 28

5) dslog command shows basic information: stop & start times of the system, connection statuses of the towers and some software versions. dslog more command lists the log information page by page. 29

IDEA- DS200L SYSTEM CONNECTION Type the IP address of the active PCU200 computer in the NetConsole Server/ LAN Adapter tab in IDEA program to establish a connection to the DS200L system. After the connection to the IDEA program of DS200L system is established, configuration window below can be viewed. Then, required programming of the DS200L system can be done. 30

IDEA-DCC CONNECTION Type the IP address of DCC ( IP address of the DCC Utility Card ) in the DCC Connection tab in IDEA to establish the connection. After the connection, make the required programming of the DCC block. Menus of DCC IDEA are explained in detail below. 31

DCC CONFIGURATION MENU The E1 ports that have been labeled as green in this menu are the ports over which the connections to the Utility 4E1 cards at the TW200 towers are established. In this menu, if the mouse cursor rests on the DCC 8E1 Interface card for a while, hardware and software versions of this card are viewed. 32

E1 LINE INFOS MENU This menu gives some information about E1 lines which are explained below. E1 No: indicates where the regarding E1 port is connected to. Relay: indicates whether there is any problem with the relay of that E1 port or not. SYNC: indicates whether there is synchronization problem with the pertaining E1 port or not. Here, green color signifies that synchronization has been maintained. External clock: indicates the ports over which the external clock signal of the system is received. When you mark the EXCLK cells of the ports, over which you wish the external clock to be received, they are labeled as blue. The port over which the external clock signal is currently being received appears in dark blue. In case any problem with a port occurs, over which the external clock is received, the system automatically starts to receive the external clock signal over another port that has been labeled as blue, so that continuous reception of the system clock is maintained. SLIP count: values are supposed to be 0 for normal operation of the system. Any value that is different from 0 indicates that there is problem with cabling or connection. This value can also be set to 0 again by right-clicking the mouse and selecting Reset Counter option. Local Loopback: in case there is 2Mbit connection problem, this row indicates that the problem originates from the pertaining port. This operation has been explained in the BERT menu. 33

CHANNEL BUSY/IDLE INFORMATIONS MENU This menu displays the busyness statuses of 32 channels on the ports of DCC 8E1 Interface cards. The first channels of the ports have been marked as SYNC. 34

BERT (BIT ERROR RATE TEST) MENU BERT is performed in order to see if there is a problem with the line or cabling. The test can be based on lines or channels. In order to carry out the test, first of all, the desired line is supposed to be put into blue labeled LOCL mode by right-clicking the mouse and selecting Change State option on the Local Loopback row. 35

Then, access the BERT menu and perform the test on the lines that have been selected for Loopback (LOCL). The duration of the test can be set as shown in the figure below. Number of errors occurred on the tested lines and error percentages are viewed as shown in the figure below. 36

CONSOLE MENU This menu is used only by Karel experts. PLL (PHASE-LOCKED LOOP) STATE MENU The PLL block is on the DCC Utility card. Synchronization with the external clock signal received from the 8E1 lines can be maintained by PLL. This window is for display purposes only; values of parameters cannot be changed. If PLL state appears as Locked in this menu, this indicates that the external clock is active. PLL Mode, Reference Clock Input and Phase Continuity Control (PCC) values are supposed to be as shown in the figure above. 37

DATE/TIME MENU This menu is not used for now. NON-VOLATILE MEMORY OPERATIONS MENU This menu is not used for PBX systems. CARD FIRMWARE UPGRADE MENU The software files of the DCC 8E1 Interface cards can be upgraded through this menu. The e1chip.b48 shown below is the software of DCC 8E1 Interface card. Select the software and click Copy to Cards icon to update software versions of all DCC 8E1 Interface cards in the DCC block. NOTE: The software of DCC 8E1 Interface cards are upgraded automatically when MTD software is upgraded. If MTD software is upgraded, then there is no need to upgrade the software of the DCC 8E1 Interface cards via DCC IDEA. MTD software upgrade is explained in the Section II.2.A. 38

USER /SECURITY OPERATIONS MENU USERS Users with different authorization levels in IDEA can be defined through this menu. CHANGE PASSWORD The password required for logging in to DCC-IDEA can be changed through this menu. 39

OPERATIONS LOG Operations that have been performed can be traced through this window. SETTINGS MENU SETTINGS Through this window, it is determined whether activity monitoring will be active or not and the number of records to be kept in the log file can be set. 40

LOG FILE SETTINGS Size and number of log files to be saved related to DCC communication can be set through this window. NOTE: In case of a problem about DCC occurs, the log information that is obtained by connecting to DCC through HyperTerminal will be more detailed and useful. Obtaining log file through Hyperterminal from DCC is explained at the last chapter of this document. 41

LOG FILE OF THE SYSTEM OBTAINING LOG FILE For obtaining log file from DS200L system, firstly establish a SSH Secure Shell connection. At the root command line, type dslog tar and press ENTER key. After this command, all the log files under the directory karel/home/log are zipped and a new file named log.tar.bz2 is formed. In order to get the log.tar.bz2 file from PCU200 computer, WinSCP program is used. WinSCP connection is established to the PCU200 computer and log.tar.bz2 file is copied to the maintenance computer. It will be necessary and enough to send this file to Karel. 42

In order to follow the flow of the system s log at that moment, you can use dslog command at the SSH Secure Shell program. Thanks to dslog command, system s start & stop times, information of which towers are connected to the system and some information about the versions can be observed. By the dslog more command, these logs can be viewed page by page. LOG FILE OF IDEA PROGRAM Log of the IDEA program also exists in the system s log. For DS200L systems, normally, analyzing the system s log will be enough. But it may not be easy to view the IDEA log inside the system s log when the size of system s log is too big. If necessary, IDEA log can be analyzed separately. Obtaining the log file of IDEA program at DS200L systems is similar to DS200 systems. When IDEA program is running, a text based file under the directory which IDEA program is installed is formed automatically. In this file, logs of that current session of the IDEA are saved. When there is a problem at the system and log of this problem is required ; run IDEA program, double click the LOG icon at the right-bottom side of the IDEA window and reach the log window. After clearing the log window, generate the problem again, copy the log messages and paste them in a text file in the maintenance computer. 43

ETHEREAL LOG Ethereal is a network analyzer program and shows IP signalling logs. It is an open source coded program and can be downloaded easily from internet. Since DS200L system communicates over LAN through TCP/IP, Ethereal logs are useful to observe IP communication problems at DS200L communication. IMPORTANT: In order to obtain usable Ethereal logs, programmable network switch or hub is needed. In order to obtain Ethereal log, firstly run SSH Secure Shell program and see the list of ethernet cards on the PCU200 computer by the ifconfig command. tcpdump command shown below forms an ethereal log file in the PCU200 computer. 44

This command is entered as : tcpdump -i eth1 C 10 s 1500 w ethereal -i ( interface ) : specifies which interface ( Ethernet card ) is being used. eth1: specifies the eth1 named ethernet card is being used. -C (capacity ): specifies the capacity of logs to be saved. Example: -C 10 > shows the logs will be saved as 10MB sized. -s ( snap ): amount of data for each frame in terms of byte. If not defined, it s 68 byte. -w ( write ) : determines the name of the ethereal log file to be saved under the root directory. In the example above, name of this file is written as ethereal for easiness. If desired, this file can be saved in another name. To obtain Ethereal logs, run WinSCP program by typing the IP address of PCU200 computer. Copy the file named ethereal from root directory into the maintenance computer. It will be necessary and enough to send this file to Karel to be analyzed.. If necessary, content of these logs can be viewed by following the steps below Select File/Open option after the Ethereal program is opened. NOTE: The screenshots below are obtained from the Wireshark program which is the latest version of Ethereal program. 45

Select Ethereal file and open it. 46

Logs can be viewed as shown below. 47

HYPERTERMINAL LOGS OBTAINED FROM THE DCC BLOCK It will be useful to get the logs via Hyperterminal program for analyzing and solving the problems regarding DCC. Hyperterminal connection to DCC block is done as explained in the previous chapters. In order to get Hyperterminal logs, proper serial port cable should be connected and Hyperterminal program should be running on the maintenance computer. A sample screenshot of Hyperterminal log flow window can be viewed below. Logs on the Hyperterminal window can be copied to a text file by Copy & Paste option. Or by selecting Transfer /Capture Text option, logs can be saved to a desired file. 48

03/2010