115/Suppl. 1 British Journal of Anaesthesia Special Issue on Memory and Awareness in Anaesthesia July 2015 Pages i1-i144 2 Volume 115, Supplement 1, July 2015 Frequency (Hz) 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 1 Editors: Hugh C. Hemmings Jr and Jiro Kurata ISSN 0007-0912 (Print) 1471-6771 (Online) Special Issue on Memory and Awareness in Anaesthesia Median propofol EEG spectrogram for young patients 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Time (s) Median propofol EEG spectrogram for elderly patients From the 9th International Symposium on Memory and Awareness in Anesthesia (MAA9), July 20 23, 2014, Tokyo, Japan JOURNAL OF THE: 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Time (s) ROYAL COLLEGE OF ANAESTHETISTS FACULTY OF PAIN MEDICINE COLLEGE OF ANAESTHETISTS OF IRELAND 10 5 0 5 10 15 20 25 Power (db)
Editorial Board 2015 Editor-in-Chief R. P. Mahajan, University of Nottingham, UK Editors A. R. Absalom, University Medical Center Groningen, T. Asai, Kansai Medical University, Japan L. Colvin, University of Edinburgh, UK H. F. Galley, University of Aberdeen, UK J. G. Hardman, University of Nottingham, UK CME editor: R. D. Sanders, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA E-letter editor: I. K. Moppett, University of Nottingham, UK Podcast editor: R. Thomas, London Deanery, UK H. C. Hemmings, Cornell University, New York, USA P. S. Myles, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Australia M. M. R. F. Struys, University Medical Center Groningen, J. P. Thompson, University of Leicester, UK Board Members A. R. Bodenham, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, UK L. J. Brennan, Vice President, Royal College of Anaesthetists D. J. Buggy, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital and University College Dublin, Ireland K. Hirota, University of Hirosaki, Japan P. M. Hopkins, University of Leeds, UK S. J. Howell (Treasurer), University of Leeds, UK D. G. Lambert (Secretary), University of Leicester, UK J. A. Langton (Editor-in-Chief Education), Plymouth Hospitals NHS Trust, UK P. A. Lonnqvist, Lingrens Children s Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden D. Ma, Imperial College London, UK P. Marhofer, University of Vienna, Austria A. M. Moller, University of Copenhagen, Denmark M. G. Mythen, University College London, UK E. P. O Sullivan, President, College of Anaesthetists of Ireland C. S. Reilly, University of Sheffield, UK D. J. Rowbotham, University of Leicester, UK S. L. Shafer, Columbia University, New York, USA J.-P. van Besouw, President, Royal College of Anaesthetists P. J. Venn, Vice President, Royal College of Anaesthetists N. R. Webster (Chairman), University of Aberdeen, UK C. A. Wong, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA Production Staff K. Heath, Senior Production Editor, Oxford University Press Please visit the Journal s World Wide Web site at http://bja.oxfordjournals.org MIX Paper from responsible sources FSC C007785
Associate Editorial Board 2015 Mohamed Abdulatif, Cairo University, Egypt Michael Avidan, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA Arthur Bouwman, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, the Netherlands Girolamo Calo, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy Matthew T.V. Chan, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China Tim Cook, Royal United Hospital, Bath, UK Deborah J. Culley, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Stacie Deiner, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA Talmage D. Egan, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA Dominique Fletcher, Raymond Poincaré Hospital Garches, Paris, France Pedro Gambus, Hospital CLINIC de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Guy Haller, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève, Switzerland Mike James, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA Cor Kalkman, University Medical Center, Utrecht, Haekyu Kim, Pusan National University, Korea Massimo Lamperti, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, UAE Kate Leslie, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Eugene Hern Choon Liu, National University Health System, Singapore Gernot Marx, Klinik für Operative Intensivmedizin und Intermediate Care, Aachen, Germany Kenichi Masui, National Defense Medical College, Japan Donald Mathews, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA Colin McCartney, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada Graeme McLeod, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK Alexander Ng, Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, UK Rupert Pearse, The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, UK Barbara J. Philips, St George s, University of London, UK Kane O. Pryor, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA Andrew Shaw, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA George Shorten, University College Cork, Ireland Ken Tanaka, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA Deepak Tempe, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India Jennifer Weller, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Adviser on statistics: Malachy Columb, University Hospital of South Manchester, UK Adviser on veterinary anaesthesia: Paul Flecknell, Newcastle University, UK
Special Issue on Memory and Awareness in Anaesthesia Edited by Hugh C. Hemmings Jr. MD PhD FRCA Joseph F. Artusio Professor and Chair of Anesthesiology Professor of Pharmacology Weill Cornell Medical College Anesthesiologist-in-Chief New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell New York NY 10065 USA and Jiro Kurata MD PhD Associate Professor of Anesthesiology Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo 113-8519 Japan
General Information Subscriptions All Fellows of the College, world-wide, should notify changes of address directly to the Royal College of Anaesthetists. An annual subscription to comprises 12 issues (two volumes of 6 issues), with Author and Subject Indexes. Subscriptions are entered on a calendar year basis only. Please add local sales tax to the prices quoted. Prices include postage by surface mail, or for subscribers in the USA and Canada by Airfreight, or in Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and India by Air Speeded Post. Airmail rates are available on request. Annual subscription rate 2015 Full rate (institutions): print and on-line 538, US$1039, E807; print only: 495, US$956, E743; online only: 416, US$803, E624 Personal: print and online 446, US$859, E668 Trainee: print and online 199, US$402, E314 ESA/EACTA/EAA/ESRA/JSA/IARS members: print and online 199, US$383, E299 Single issue print only (institutions) 50, US$94, E74; (personal) 49, US$85, E73 Orders Orders and payments from, or on behalf of, subscribers in the various geographical areas shown below should be sent to the office indicated. Methods of payment. Payment should be made: by cheque (to Oxford University Press, Cashiers Office, Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, OX2 6DP, UK); by bank transfer [to Barclays Bank Plc, Oxford Office, Oxford (bank sort code 20-65-18) (UK); overseas only Swift code BARC GB22 (GB Sterling Account no. 70299332, IBAN GB89BARC20651870299332; US$ Dollars Account no. 66014600, IBAN GB27BARC20651866014600; EUE EURO Account no. 78923655, IBAN GB16BARC20651878923655]; or by credit card (Mastercard, Visa, Switch or American Express). For further information, please contact: Journals Customer Service Department, Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP, UK. Email: jnls.cust.serv@oup.com. Tel (and answerphone outside normal working hours): +44 (0)1865 353907. Fax: +44 (0)1865 353485. In the US, please contact: Journals Customer Service Department, Oxford University Press, 2001 Evans Road, Cary, NC 27513, USA. Email: jnlorders@oup.com. Tel (and answerphone outside normal working hours): 800 852 7323 (toll-free in USA/Canada). Fax: 919 677 1714. In Japan, please contact: Journals Customer Services, Oxford University Press, 4-5-10-8F, Shiba, Minato-ku,Tokyo, 108-8386 Japan. Email: custserv.jp@oup.com. Tel: (03) 5444 5858. Fax: (03) 3454 2929. Please address orders and enquiries about availability as follows: The current year and two previous years issues are available from Oxford Journals. Previous volumes can be obtained from the Periodicals Service Company at http://www.periodicals.com/oxford.html or Periodicals Service Company, 11 Main Street, Germantown, NY 12526, USA. E-mail: psc@periodicals.com. Tel: +1 (518) 537 4700; Fax: +1 (518) 537 5899. Environmental and ethical policies Oxford Journals, a division of Oxford University Press, is committed to working with the global community to bring the highest quality research to the widest possible audience. Oxford Journals will protect the environment by implementing environmentally friendly policies and practices wherever possible. Please see http://www. oxfordjournals.org/ethicalpolicies.html for further information on environmental and ethical policies. DOIs For information about DOIs and to resolve them, please visit: http:// dx.doi.org/ Rights and permissions Please send any requests for permission to reproduce articles/information from this journal to: Rights and New Business Development, Journals Division, Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP, UK. Tel: +44 (0)1865 354490 or 353695; Fax: +44 (0) 1865 353485; E-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com or visit www.oxfordjournals.org/jnls/permissions Advertising Advertising, inserts and artwork enquiries should be addressed to Advertising and Special Sales, Journals Division, Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, OX2 6DP, UK. Tel: +44 (0)1865 354767; Fax: +44 (0)1865 353774; E-mail: jnlsadvertising@ oup.com. & The British Journal of Anaesthesia 2015 All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior written permission of the British Journal of Anaesthesia, requests for which should be addressed to the Publisher, or a licence permitting restricted copying issued in the UK by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1P 9HE, or in the USA by the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. British Journal of Anaesthesia (ISSN 0007-0912) is published monthly by Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK. The US annual subscription price is $859. British Journal of Anaesthesia Advance Access contains papers that have recently reached corrected proof stage, but have not yet been included within an issue. Advance Access is updated weekly. Airfreight and mailing in the USA by agent named Air Business Ltd, c/o Worldnet Shipping Inc., 156-15, 146th Avenue, 2nd Floor, Jamaica, NY 11434, USA. Periodicals postage paid at Jamaica NY 11431. US Postmaster: Send address changes to British Journal of Anaesthesia, Air Business Ltd, c/o Worldnet Shipping Inc., 156-15, 146th Avenue, 2nd Floor, Jamaica, NY 11434, USA. Subscription records are maintained at Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP, UK. Disclaimer Whilst every effort is made by the publishers and editorial committee to see that no inaccurate or misleading data, opinions or statements appear in this Journal, they wish to make it clear that the data and opinions appearing in the articles and advertisements herein are the responsibility of the contributor or advertiser concerned. Accordingly, the publisher and the editorial committee and their respective employees, officers and agents accept no liability whatsoever for the consequences of any such inaccurate or misleading data, opinions or statements. While every effort is made to ensure that drug doses and other quantities are presented accurately, readers are advised that new methods and techniques involving drug usage, and described within this Journal, should only be followed in conjunction with the drug manufacturer s own published literature. Plagiarism The Editors of British Journal of Anaesthesia use plagiarism detection software on all submitted material. Printed by Bell and Bain Ltd, Glasgow, UK.