VOICE Voice is the form of a verb. A verb has different forms. Passive form is one of them. ( be + V en ) form of the verb is the passive form. All other forms of the verbs are in active voice Two type of voices Active voice Passive voice
Active Voice Form If the subject is the doer of the action, i.e. if the subject is active, then the sentence is said to be in Active Voice.
Subject Verb Object The man is cutting the tree. Subject is the doer of the action.
Passive Voice When the subject is not doing the action, i.e. when the subject is passive, then the sentence is said to be in passive voice.
Subject Verb Object The tree is being cut by the man Subject is not the doer of the action.
The boy carried the girl. Active Voice The boy = subject carried = verb the girl = object of the verb Who carried? The boy subject of the sentence
Active Passive Voice Example 2 The girl was carried by the boy. Passive Voice The girl = subject was carried = verb by = preposition the boy = object of the preposition by Who carried? = Not The girl, the subject, but the boy, the object
Read the following sentences 1. Varun tells a story. 2. Krishna laughs. 2. In sentence 1, the verb has an object. It is a transitive verb. In sentence 2, the verb has no object. It is an intransitive verb Always remember: Only transitive verbs have two voices. Intransitive verbs cannot be Changed into passive voice
Subject ( Doer ) + Verb + Object subject + auxiliary verb (be) + main verb (past participle) + by + object
Active-Passive Voice change 1 The subject of the Active sentence becomes the object of the preposition in the Passive sentence
Active-Passive Voice change 2 The object of the verb in the Active sentence becomes the subject of the Passive sentence.
Active-Passive Voice change 3 The Active form of the verb in Active sentence is changed into the Passive form of the verb in Passive sentence.
Form of Passive Voice Verbs The passive voice requires a "double verb" I. linking verb Am is Are Was were Be being been II.The main verb in the form of past participle
Often Passive Voice Sentences will contain a by phrase indicating who or what performed the action
Active - Passive Voice Change 5 Pronouns Active Voice I Passive Voice By me We By us You By yyou He By him She By her It By it They By them
Example 1 Rajesh wrote a letter A letter Was written by Rajesh
Active Passive Voice note 1 He cooks food. Active Voice food object of the verb singular Food is cooked by him. Passive Voice Food subject of the passive sentence is cooked verb- food -singular - is - singular
When the subject of a sentence is singular, the verb must also be in singular
Active Passive i Vi Voice note 2 When the subject of a sentence is Plural, the verb of that sentence must be Plural:
E.g. He carried some books. Active voice some books object of the verb in Active voice Plural Some books were carried by him. Passive Voice were carried id verb books Plural were plural
Active Passive Voice note 3 She has signed ten letters. Active Voice She subject; - singular has part of the verb singular ten letters object of the verb in Active plural Ten letters e have been signed by her- Passive Ten letters subject plural; have been signed - verb have -- plural
Change of Voice According To Tense Tense Active Voice Passive Voice Simple Am/Is/ /A Are Take/ Takes Present taken Present Continuous Present Perfect Am /Is /Are taking Has/Have taken Am/Is /Are being taken Has /Have been taken
Tense Active Voice Simple Past Took Past Continuous Past Perfect Was/ Were taking Had taken Passive Voice Was /Were taken Was/Were being taken Had been taken
Tense Active Voice Passive Voice Simple Will/Shall be Future Will/Shall take (will/shall) taken Future Perfect Will have taken Will have been tk taken
Simple Present Tense She bakes bread. Active Voice bakes verb Simple Present Tense Bread is baked by her. Passive Voice is baked verb Simple Present Tense
Present Continuous Tense He is building a sand castle. is building verb present continuous tense ACTIVE VOICE FORM A sand castle is being built by him. is being built verb present continuous tense PASSIVE VOICE FORM
Present Perfect Tense He has drawn a picture. has drawn verb present perfect tense ACTIVE VOICE A picture has been drawn by him. has been drawn verb present perfect tense PASSIVE VOICE
Present Perfect Continuous Tense Note : Sentences in Perfect Continuous Tenses & Future Continuous Tense are not used in Passive Voice
Simple Past Tense She told a secret. Active Voice told verb simple past tense Asecretwas told by her. Passive Voice was told verb simple past tense
Past Continuous Tense The postman was delivering the post. was delivering -verb-past Continuous Tense ACTIVE VOICE FORM The post was being delivered by the postman. was being delivered verb Past continuous PASSIVE VOICE FORM
Past Perfect Tense She had eaten several peas before she offered him any. had eaten verb past perfect tense Active Several peas had been eaten by her before she offered him any. had been eaten verb past perfect tense Passive Voice
Simple Future Tense They will give the beggar some money. will give -- verb -- simple future tense Active Voice The beggar will be given some money by them. will be given -- verb -- simple future tense Passive Voice
Future Perfect Tense Sham will have stitched two dresses by 12 o clock. will have stitched verb future perfect tense Active voice By 12 o clock two dresses will have been stitched by Sham. will have been stitched verb future perfect tense Passive voice
Passive voice of modal verbs Construction of the passive voice: Subject +modal verb +be+ main verb (past participle) + by + object
Modal Verbs- Examples eg.1. Suprita can speak English. Active Voice English can be spoken by Suprita. Passive voice 2. You should respect your parents. Active Voice Your parents should be respected by you. Passive Voice
Active Passive Voice note 1 We use With (not by ) to talk about an instrument used by the agent
e.g. The hunter shot the deer with an arrow. Active Voice The deer was shot with an arrow by the hunter. Passive Voice an arrow an instrument preposition with a hunter -- an agent -- preposition by
Active-Passive Voice note 2 When there are two objects of the verb in the active voice sentence, we can change that t active sentence into passive voice in two ways :
note 2 Example e.g. The teacher teaches you a lesson. Active you object of the verb / a lesson object of the verb (A) You are taught a lesson by the teacher. passive Voice (B) A lesson is taught to you by the teacher. Passive Voice
Active-Passive Voice -- note 3 When the doer of the action is either e obvious ous or unknown or immaterial, it is often not mentioned in the passive voice. e.g. The cook made me an omelette. Active Voice An omelette was made for me. Passive Voice
Exercise 1 Ten People (kill) and twenty (injure) in a head on collision i between a van and a truck last Sunday. The driver of the truck (arrest) for rash driving.
Exercise 1 Ten People were killed and twenty were injured in a head on collision between a van and a truck last Sunday. The driver of the truck was arrested for rash driving.
Exercise 2 Do you know how coffee is made? First Milk (boil). Then Decoction (mix) with hot milk. Finally, sugar (add) to lessen the bitterness
Exercise 2 Do you know how coffee is made? First Milk is boiled. Then Decoction is mixed with hot milk. Finally, sugar is added to lessen the bitterness
let + subject +be (not) +past participle Active : Shut the door. Passive : Let the door be shut shut. Active : Kindly help him. Passive : You are requested to help him.
Passive Voice Interrogative Sentences Who teaches you English? Active Voice By whom are you taught English? Passive Voice Did they invite you? Active Voice Were you invited by them? Passive voice