Final Exam Grammar Review. 5. Explain the difference between a proper noun and a common noun.

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1 Final Exam Grammar Review Nouns 1. Definition of a noun: person, place, thing, or idea 2. Give four examples of nouns: 1. teacher 2. lesson 3. classroom 4. hope 3. Definition of compound noun: two nouns put together (combined) to make one noun 4. Give two examples of compound nouns: 1. blueberry 2. lighthouse 5. Explain the difference between a proper noun and a common noun. _Proper nouns are specific; common nouns are general 6. Give examples of two proper nouns and two common nouns: Common 1._chocolate 2._dog Proper 1._Hershey s 2. Labrador 7. Explain the difference between an abstract noun and a concrete noun. Abstract is something you can t see, touch, feel, smell or taste. Concrete nouns appeal to senses 8. Give examples of two abstract nouns and two concrete nouns: Abstract: 1._fear Concrete:1. cement 9. Definition of pronoun: 2. kindness 2. teacher Pronouns takes the place of a noun 10. Give four examples of pronouns 1. he 2. me 3. them 4. it

2 11. Definition of personal pronoun: refers to a particular/specific person, group, or thing 12. Complete the following personal pronoun chart: Singular Plural First Person I, me, We, us, Second Person You, You Third Person He, him, she, her, it They, them 13. Write a sentence using three personal pronouns. Make sure you capitalize, spell, and punctuate correctly. She gave my brother and me our dinner at her sister s house. 14. Definition of adjective: Modifies/describes a noun and/or pronoun 15. What does the word modify mean? Adjectives To change the form or qualities of something 16. What are the three ways an adjective modifies a noun or pronoun? 1. which? 2._what kind? 3. how many?/how much? 17. Give four examples of adjectives: 1._wool 3._difficult 2. five 4. that

3 18. Write a sentence with an adjective before the noun it modifies. Underline the adjective. This is my wool sweater. (Wool modifies sweater. What kind of sweater?) 19. Write a sentence with an adjective after the noun it modifies. Underline the adjective. The sweater is wool. (Wool modifies sweater. The linking verb IS links/connects sweater and wool.) 20. There is a special subgroup of adjectives called articles. What are the three articles? 1._a 2._an 3._the 21. Some words can be used as both a noun and an adjective. Using the word chocolate, write one sentence using it as a noun and another using it as an adjective. I love chocolate. (NOUN a thing) My favorite dessert is chocolate cheesecake. (ADJECTIVE modifies cheesecake/what kind) 22. Definition of verb: Verbs A word that expresses/shows action or a state of being. 23. Definition of action verb: Expresses physical or mental action 24. Definition of linking verb: Expresses a state of being they connect/link the subject to a word or word group that identifies or describes the subject 25. Write two sentences, each one using a form of the word be as a linking verb. Label the linking verb. 1. Your painting is beautiful. (LV = is) 2. Those vegetables were fresh yesterday. (LV = were)

4 26. Definition of helping verb: (also called: auxiliary ) come before the MAIN VERB to give a better idea of tense with the verb. There can be more than one helping verb 27. What does a verb phrase contain? Helping verb(s) + MAIN VERB = VERB PHRASE 28. List five helping verbs: is, am, are, was, were be, being, been has, have, had do, does, did will, shall, should, would can, could may, might, must Prepositions 29. Definition of a preposition: Shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word in the sentence (object) 30. List 20 prepositions: (SEE YOUR LIST FROM PREPOSITION FLOW) Write a sentence that includes a prepositional phrase. Underline the prepositional phrase. The dog jumped through the hoop. Conjunctions 31. Definition of conjunction: one word that connects words or phrases, or clauses

5 32. Definition of coordinating conjunctions: One word that connects words, phrases, or clauses to show a balance/equal emphasis between the two 33. List the seven coordinating conjunctions: FANBOYS = for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so 34. Write three sentences, each one using a different coordinating conjunction. Underline the conjunctions. 1. I forgot my lunch at home today and yesterday. 2. _I forgot my lunch at home, but my friend shared hers with me. 3._I forgot my lunch at home, so I did not eat. 35. Definition of subordinating conjunction: words that begin a subordinate clause (dependent clause) used to show more emphasis on the main clause (independent clause) 36. List five subordinating conjunctions: after, although, as, because, before, if, since, so that, in order that, how, than, that, though, till, unless, until, what, when, whenever, where, which, who, even though, as if 37. Write 3 sentences, each one using a different subordinating conjunction. Underline the conjunctions. 1. The car that was parked behind us belonged to my cousin. 2. As the moon rose, the coyotes slipped out of the trees. 3. _The flowers look as if they are big, blue trumpets. 38. Definition of interjection: Interjections an expressive word; shows strong feeling or emotion 39. List six interjections. Hey! Oh! Ouch! Hooray! Awesome! Stop!

6 40. Write three sentences, each one using a different interjection. Underline the interjections. 1. Hey! Come back here before you get wet. 2. Ouch! Charlie bit my finger! 3. Awesome! I found my lost phone! Sentence Types Label each sentence simple, compound or complex. 41. Until Josh attended college, he had no focus on his education. complex 42. The student had a test the next day, so she studied all night long. compound 43. The teacher walked into the classroom, greeted the students, and took attendance. 44. Give an example of each: simple 1._S My recipe has been in my family for years. 2._CD Mark Twain wrote fiction, and T.S. Eliot wrote poetry. 3._CX Because I like to read, I go to the library often Revise the paragraph below by rewriting at least two sentences as compound sentences. Alligators belong to the family Crocodylidae. Crocodiles belong to that family, too. They look a lot alike. Some of the crocodile s bottom teeth show when they close their mouths. Alligator s teeth are hidden when they close their mouths. Also, crocodiles have narrow snouts. Alligators have broad snouts. Some of the crocodile s bottom teeth show when they close their mouths, but alligator s teeth are hidden when they close their mouths. Also, crocodile have narrow snouts and alligators have broad snouts.

7 Comma Rules 47. List the 4 comma rules from the notes taken in your composition book. 1. Insert a comma between 2 independent clauses. (compound sentence) 2. Use a comma after each item in a series. 3. Use a comma after a long introduction (introductory phrase/subordinate clause) 4. Use 2 commas to set off extra information and interruptions. 48. Write an example using each of the 4 comma rules. 1._Some people are noisy, so they tend to get into trouble. 2. My recipe calls for flour, sugar, and butter. 3. Before my next trip to the store, we need to make a list. 4._The quietest girl in the class, Annabelle, finished her quiz first. 49. Write the definitions for homonym and homophone. Homonym-_words that are spelled/ sound alike, but have different meanings Homophone- words that sound alike but have different spelling and meaning. 50. Write two sentences using a pair of homonyms. For example, dove/dove. The bear can bear different temperatures throughout the year. I don t think it is fair that my sister can go to the fair when she is supposed to be grounded.