CVC word Consonant, vowel, consonant o For example cat, dog, can, man, run Blending Putting sounds together to hear/read word o skill for reading Segmenting Breaking word down to say o skill for spelling sounds in word in order to spell Phoneme Smallest unit of sound in a word (Phone/sound as good way to remember) o Sound out CVC words on fingers o Show sound buttons o CVCs more than just 3 letter words e.g. sheep o Words to practise counting sounds: bright, speed, slight, broom, crayon Grapheme Written representation of a phoneme (graph/picture as good way to remember) o Sound stamp and jump some words together o Write graphemes s, sh, ai o GPC = grapheme phoneme correspondence Digraph 2 letters that make one sound o Which are digraphs? br, sh, th, cl, nk o Br, cl etc no longer blends but adjacent consonants Trigraph 3 letters that make one sound o E.g. igh, air, ear Split digraph 2 letters that make one sound but are not next to each other o Ok to use term magic e as long as children understand why o Show example using cards of how the digraphs split but still say the same sound ee, ie, oe, ue (a_e doesn t work in same way but is taught last and children understand concept of others!)
Phonic Progression Letters & Sounds is the government programme for teaching phonics and high frequency words. It is split into 6 phases with the different phases being covered in different years in Foundation Stage and Key Stage 1. This booklet will give you an idea of what is expected at each level. Phase 1: ongoing throughout EY and KS1 o Voice sounds most common spelling error of with wiv (f, v, th) o Segmenting challenge across school - Saturday night fever example! o Supporting spelling of unknown words sound out and compare to number of graphemes written (hangman style) Phase 2 - Reception o Moving on from oral blending and segmenting to blending and segmenting with letters o Read and spell VC (it, ip, at, up) words o Read and spell CVC words using magnetic letters or writing letters on paper or on whiteboards. Phase 3 and 4 Reception/Year 1 o Learning digraphs and trigraphs o Continue practising CVC blending and segmenting and apply this to reading two syllable words or a caption. o Moving onto using more than 3 sounds in words CVCC words like train, trees, crab Phase 5 Year 1 o Alternative spellings and pronunciations o Short vowel sounds (a,e,i,o,u) and long vowel sounds (ai, ee, igh, oa, ue) Phase 6 Year 1/Year 2 o Spelling rules and patterns o Investigations with children - For example; ed ending words: hop = hopped (double consonant to protect short vowel), jump = jumped (just add ed as short vowel already protected ), wave = waved (take away e from split digraph and replace with ed)
Phase 1 focuses on the basic skills needed for reading and writing and includes singing lots of nursery rhymes, playing listening games and using musical instruments. Things to try at home:- Play games like I spy Sing songs and rhymes together Make a junk band with pots & pans Share lots of books together
By the end of phase 2, the children should know 24 sounds... s a t p i n m d g o c k ck e u r h b f ff l ll ss The children should also be able to read 5 tricky words the to I no go They should be able to orally blend CVC words e.g. when you sound out c-a-t, they can tell you the word is cat, and also orally segment CVC words e.g. when you say mum, they can pick out the sounds m-u-m.
Phase 3 builds on Phase 2 and the children learn 36 more sounds Grapheme Sample word Grapheme Sample Word ch chip ar farm sh shop or for th thin/then ur hurt ng ring ow cow ai rain oi coin ee feet ear dear igh night air fair oa boat ure sure oo boot/look er corner The children have 12 more tricky words to read... he she we me be was my you her they all are They should now also be able to spell the 5 tricky words from phase 2. This phase is an extension of phase 3 No new sounds are taught. The purpose of this phase is to consolidate children s knowledge of the graphemes in reading and spelling words stretching them to think of words with adjacent consonants (consonants that are next to each other) For example crab, strand, flight, string
The children learn some more new sounds Grapheme Sample word Grapheme Sample Word ay day wh when ou out ph photo ie tie ew new ir girl ue blue ea eat oe toe au Paul aw saw and 14 more tricky words are added too some come one said do so were when have there out like little what The children are introduced to the idea of split digraphs a_e a_e e_e a_e i_e
the that not look put and with then don t could a all were come house to we go will old said can little into too in are as back by he up no from day I had mum children made of my one him time it her them Mr I m was what do get if you there me just help they out down now Mrs on this dad came called she have big oh here is went when about off for be it s got asked at like see their saw his some looked people make but so very your an By the end of Year 1, the children should be confidently reading all of these words and writing them accurately too.
In Phase 6, the focus is on learning spelling rules for word endings or suffixes. They learn how words change when you add certain letters. There are 12 different suffixes taught -s -es -ing -ed -er -est -y -en -ful -ly -ment -ness The children are also expected to be able to read and write the next 200 common words.
water bear find these live away can t more began say good again I ll boy soon want cat round animals night over long tree never narrator how things magic next small did new shouted first car man after us work couldn t going wanted other lots three where eat food need head would everyone fox that s king or our through baby town took two way fish I ve school has been gave around think yes stop mouse every home play must something garden who take red bed fast didn t thought door may only ran dog right still many know well sea found laughed
let s fun any better lived much place under hot birds suddenly mother hat sun duck told sat snow across horse another boat air gone rabbit great window trees hard white why sleep bad floppy coming cried feet tea really he s keep morning top wind river room queen eyes wish liked last each fell eggs giant jumped book friends once looks because its box please use even green dark thing along am different grandad stopped plants before let there s ever dragon gran girl looking miss pulled clothes which end most we re tell inside than cold fly key run best park grow All of these words and sounds form the basis of reading and writing and if they are known before the children go into key stage 2 then they will greatly benefit.
Below is a list of websites that can support you and your child with letters and sounds www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks1bitesize Games to practice key skills such as rhyming, punctuation and grammar. www.phonicsplay.co.uk/freeindex Lots of free games for each phase, especially good for reading nonwords. You can also subscribe to access more games. www.letters-and-sounds.com Includes further information on each phase as well as printable resources and links to online games. www.ictgames.com/literacy Wide range of games for sounds, words and rhyming.
http://www.mrthorne.com Has a wide selection of engaging videos. The children love the videos with Geraldine the giraffe! http://bbc.co.uk/cbeebies/alphablocks Has a range of engaging videos. The children especially love the split digraph video with Magic E! http://hairyphonics.com Includes games to encourage segmenting and blending sounds. http://www.oxfordowl.co.uk/ This website has a range of children s Ebooks, many of which are schemes that your children read.
Treasure Words Fake Words You can write real/fake words appropriate to your child s level on the gold coins (see next page), cut them out and ask your child to sort them between the treasure chest and the bin.
Top tip: When finding objects from around the house to use for the sound games, ensure that they begin with the single sound that you are working on. For example pencil/present, tiger/train or goat/grass.