ATP & Photosynthesis Lets...sing Today in class: 1. Finish worksheets on ATP, chloroplast, and mitochondria (finish as homework) 2. Started a more in depth look at the process of photosynthesis (slides 1-14) Homework Assignment: 1. Draw & label or write out step by step what happens on slide 1, A-F.
Tuesday, Oct. 23rd Leaf Lab Testing for Starch Finish photosynthesis power point & review
Thursday, Oct. 25th - Review worksheets/quiz Friday - Complete Spinach Chromatography Lab Friday, Oct. 26 th - Quiz - Finished going over Calvin Cycle - Review Calvin Cycle Monday
Notebook TOC 1-5 Missing/Absent Work 6-7 Weekly Grade Sheet 8 TOC 1 Photosynthesis Annotations 10/17 2 ATP Worksheet 10/18 3 Mitochondria Worksheet 10/19 4 Chloroplast Worksheet 10/19 5 Photosynthesis Notes 10/22 6 Testing Leaf for Starch 10/23 7 Photosynthesis Rap p.1 10/23 8 Photosynthesis Rap p.2 10/23
Chemistry Review What is an electron? Negatively charged particle What is a proton? Positively charged particle Do P and N carry energy? Yes- they are charged particles If the concentration of hydrogen protons (H+) is greater inside a cell than outside the cell, which direction will the H+ generally flow? Inside to Outside
Energy Energy is the ability to do work. There are many types of energy. Physical Mechanical Electrical Chemical The chemical energy cells use is called ATP Adenosine Tri-Phosphate
What is the difference between: ADP and ATP ATP = Adenosine Triphosphate ATP Why is ATP an energy storing compound? When bonds are broken energy is released. The phosphate bonds store energy ATP has an extra phosphate
How Much ATP do Human Cells Use? Each cell in the human body is estimated to use between one billion and two billion ATP's per minute! With 100 trillion cells in the human body, how much ATP do we need? Roughly 1 x 10 23 molecules. In the span of twenty-four hours, 100 trillion cells produce about 441 lbs of ATP.
Why is Photosynthesis Important? Heterotrophs obtain their energy from other organisms. What we eat can eventually be traced back to producers/autotrophs. The Sun provides Earth with energy. We cannot eat the sun plants eat the sun harvesting its energy and passing it on to us. The process also makes Oxygen
What is Photosynthesis? Process by which plants change the energy in sunlight to chemical energy that can be stored for later use. 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O (+ light energy) C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 Carbon Dioxide + Water+ (Light) Glucose + Oxygen Yes.you will need to know this copy it down!
All in the Chloroplast
Photosynthesis Basics 2 Main Steps Light Reaction -Needs light -Thylakoid membrane -Converts light energy to chemical energy (ATP and NADPH) Dark Reaction (Calvin Cycle) -No light needed (but must have ATP and NADPH) -Stroma -Converts CO2 to sugar
Label A E C B D F
Light Reactions
Where do the light reactions occur? Thylakoid
In your notes write see diagram Write the next few slide on the handout A Light absorbed by chlorophyll Chlorophyll B. Electrons in chlorophyll get excited C E- move through electron transport chain like hot potatoes passing from one membrane protein to another
Where do the e- that get excited in chlorophyll come from? D H+ concentration gradient As water enters the cell- a water splitting enzyme splits 2 molecules of water into atmospheric O 2 and 4H + (hydrogen protons) Builds a concentration gradient What we breathe 2H 2 O O 2 + 4H +
E After e - pass through electron transport chain (ETC), they attached to NADP + to become NADPH. NADP + + H + NADPH What is NADPH? Molecule that stores energy. This energy will be used later
F. As H+ builds inside thylakoid, a gradient builds. H+ ions move down concentration gradient Energy from H+ used by membrane protein to catalyze the reaction of ADP ATP We have created an extra phosphate bond (stored energy) ATP is the second energy storing molecule made.
Let s Review The light reactions convert energy from the sun to chemical energy Light is absorbed by (green structures) chlorophyll. Electrons become excited and move like hot potatoes through the electron transport chain. At the end of the ETC an energy storing molecule called NADPH is made At the same time a concentration of H+ build up in the thylakoid space. This concentration gradient gives energy to the membrane proteins which catalyze the reaction of ADP to ATP Electrons are replaced when the water is split into O 2 and H+
Now what? Why did we capture energy from the sun & make some ATP & NADPH So it can be used in the Dark Reaction (aka Calvin Cycle) to make SUGAR!!!!
Dark Reactions
Where do the dark reactions occur? Stroma
Dark Reaction/Calvin Cycle Uses energy from the light reactions to change CO 2 from the atmosphere into the sugar glucose Energy needed comes from the ATP and NADPH (made in light reactions)
1. A carbon in the form of CO 2 is attached to a 5C compound to form a 6C compound 4. Other five molecules recycle 2. The 6C compound is unstable and breaks in half. 3. One 3C product is used to make glucose and other compounds.
9 ATP 6 NADPH How many NADPH molecules are needed in the Calvin Cycle? How many ATP molecules are needed in the Calvin Cycle?
More songs. photosynthesis rap Youtube has GREAT videos EXTRA CREDIT: YOU make a video by Monday (Oct. 29 th ).worth more if you share it!