APPLICATION Foam 430a FIRE PROTECTION Form No. 062793 Re places pages 950a-h dated Feb ru ary 28, 1994 and 940i-k dated Au gust 26, 1994. Re vised page num ber.
Foam 430b March 1, 2001 GENERAL A fixed foam/wa ter fire pro tec tion sys - tem is es sen tially the most ef fec tive method of pro tect ing air craft han gars to day. As the air craft in dus try has ex - panded, air craft val ues have in creased tre men dously, to better serve the in dus - try. Con se quently, prop erly de signed and in stalled foam/wa ter fire pro tec tion sys tems are very im por tant when con - sid er ing the over all air craft han gar de - sign. Ref er ences are made to var i ous pro tec tion stan dards in this De sign sec - tion, and us ers are cau tioned to be - come to tally fa mil iar with these stan - dards, be fore at tempt ing to de velop a prop erly de signed air craft hangar foam/wa ter fire pro tec tion sys tem. At the very least, the user must be fa mil iar with var i ous Na tional Fire Pro tec tion As - so ci a tion (NFPA) pam phlets such as NFPA 11, 13, 16, 16A, 22, 24, 30, 409, 419, in sur ance com pany stan - dards,and/or other cor re spond ing stan - dards in clud ing LPC,VdS, or other ap - pli ca ble stan dards/codes re quired by the Au thor ity Hav ing Ju ris dic tion. WARNING The in for ma tion con tained in this sec - tion is in tended to be used in con junc - tion with the above men tioned stan - dards, as well as other re quired stan - dards. It is not to be used as a stand alone de sign guide, un der any cir cum - stances. The tech ni cal in for ma tion,state ments and rec om men da tions con tained in this man ual are based on in for ma tion and tests which, to the best of our knowl edge, we be lieve to be de - pend able. It rep re sents gen eral guide - lines only, and the ac cu racy or com - plete ness thereof, are not guar an teed since con di tions of han dling and us age are out side our con trol. The pur chaser should de ter mine the suit abil ity of the prod uct and/or in for ma tion for its in - tended use and as sumes all risks and li - a bil ity what so ever in con nec tion there - with. The clas si fi ca tion or group ing of air - craft han gars in ac cor dance with their de sign and con struc tion as shown be - low, makes it pos si ble to de ter mine how the han gar is to be pro tected. Es sen - tially, ac cord ing to NFPA 409, there are three dif fer ent clas si fi ca tions or groups of air craft han gars, each with its own in di vid ual fea tures or op er at ing con di tions which de scribe or dif fer en ti - ate one group from the other. The fol - low ing def i ni tions and/or ta bles de - scrib ing the three dif fer ent groups of air - craft hang ers were taken from the 1990 edi tion of NFPA 409. GROUP I AIR CRAFT HAN GAR. A han - gar hav ing at least one of the fol low ing fea tures and op er at ing con di tions: (a) An air craft ac cess door height over 28 ft (8,5m) (b) A sin gle fire area in ex cess of 40,000 sq ft (3716m) (c) Pro vi sion of hous ing for an air - craft with a tail height over 28 ft(8.5m) (d) Pro vi sion of hous ing for stra te gi - cally im por tant mil i tary air craft as de ter mined by the De part - ment of De fense. GROUP II AIR CRAFT HAN GAR. A han gar hav ing both of the fol low ing fea - tures: (a) An air craft ac cess door height of 28 ft(8.5m) or less; and (b) A sin gle fire area for spe cific types of con struc tion in ac cor - dance with Fig ure 1 for Group II Air craft Han gars: GROUP III AIR CRAFT HAN GAR. A Group III han gar may be a free stand ing unit for a sin gle air craft, a row han gar hav ing a com mon struc tural wall and roof sys tem and hous ing mul ti ple air - craft as well as hav ing door open ings for each air craft, and have both of the fol - low ing fea tures: (a) An air craft ac cess door height of 28 ft (8.5M) or less ; and (b) A sin gle fire area that mea sures up to the max i mum square foot - age per mit ted for spe cific types of con struc tion in ac cor dance DEFINING THE TYPE OR GROUP OF
Foam 430c with Fig ure 2 for Group III Air craft Han gars: GROUP I PROTECTION Once the hangar group has been defined, design parameters may be es tab - lished and preliminary system foam quantities can then be calculated, along with the method of foam delivery, backup systems, and other system components. Figure 3 can be used as a means of determining the overall fire protection design requirements for an aircraft han gar. The main ob jec tive of the fire pro tec tion sys tem is to pro tect the han gar along with the air craft, should there be a flam - ma ble liq uid (fuel) spill. This is the main rea son, there fore, why a de luge type of foam/wa ter sys tem is nec es sary. NFPA Pam phlet 409 Air craft Han gars, states that a Group I air craft han gar stor age and ser vice area shall be equipped with an ap proved au to matic foam/wa ter de - luge sys tem - as the pri mary sys tem. There fore, a Group I han gar will have over head de luge foam/wa ter sys tems with a max i mum of 15,000 sq ft (1394 m 2 ) of floor area cov er age per sys tem, as the pri mary pro tec tion sys tem. How - ever, should the wing area of the air craft ex ceed 3000 sq ft (279m 2 ), a sec ond ary un der-wing foam/wa ter mon i tor sys tem is also re quired. An un der-wing foam/wa ter sys tem may also be re - quired if there are mul ti ple air craft be ing stored in the han gar, even though the wing ar eas are less than 3000sq ft (279m 2 ) each, so con sult with the Au - thor ity(s) Having Ju ris dic tion if there is any doubt re gard ing the supplemntary sys tem. The sup ple men tary un - der-wing sys tem s ob jec tive is to con trol the fire within 30 sec onds, and to ex tin - guish it within 60 sec onds. NOTE: If the fuel tanks of the air craft be ing housed in the han gar are purged and drained, then the above re quire ments for roof and un der-wing pro tec tion Do not ap ply to air craft stor age and ser vic - ing ar eas. How ever, au to matic closed-head sprin kler pro tec tion is still re quired in side sep a rate shop, of fice and stor age ar eas lo cated in - side air craft main te nance and ser vice ar eas, un less they are oth er wise pro - vided with au to matic fire pro tec tion sys tems, per NFPA 409. There are sev eral meth ods of pro vid ing foam to the roof and mon i tor sys tems us ing Vi king equip ment, and most of them have al ready been pre vi ously in - di cated in the De sign sec tion of this Data book. They in clude Vi king de luge sys tems, as well as Vi king pres sure reg - u lat ing sys tems. The Vi king pres sure reg u lat ing sys tems are unique, in that they uti lize blad der tank sys tems and In Line Bal anced Pro por tion ers ( ILBP s ), which elim i nate the in stal la tion of foam con cen trate pumps. For more de tailed in for ma tion on the pres sure reg u lat ing sys tem, you should re fer to the proper sec tion of this Data Book,as well as the Vi king En gi neering And De sign Data Book. NFPA 409 states that the con trol
Foam 430d March 1, 2001
Foam 430e valves, foam liq uid con cen trate stor age, in jec tion sys tem, and foam con cen trate pump shall be lo cated out side air craft stor age and ser vic ing ar eas. The en vi - ron men tal con di tions shall be suit able for the par tic u lar agent in volved. There fore, care ful con sid er ation must be given to the lo ca tion of the foam tanks, sys tem risers, and as so ci ated equip ment, in re la tion to the air craft han gar stor age and ser vice ar eas. The fol low ing chart is a gen eral review of Type I air craft han gar fire pro tec tion de sign, based on us ing cri te ria from the 1990 edi tion of NFPA 409. It is in tended to be used only as a guide, and in con - junc tion with the air craft han gar de sign pam phlets, in sur ance com pany rules, gov ern men tal reg u la tions and re quire - ments, and other stan dards re quired by the au thor i ties hav ing ju ris dic tion, when de vel op ing the han gar s fire pro tec tion sys tem. The fol low ing ex am ple is in tended to fa - mil iar ize the user with how to de ter mine the fire pro tec tion de sign for a Group I han gar. It is to be used only as a guide to help de velop the over all fire pro tec - tion sys tem re quire ments for a Group I air craft han gar. It is not in tended to be used as a stand alone de sign guide, since the ac tual pro ject spec i fi ca tions, build ing codes, and other pro ject re - quire ments, must be used to de ter mine the ac tual air craft han gar de sign. STEP 1- CLAS SIFY HAN GAR The han gar clas si fi ca tion for this par - tic u lar ex am ple has al ready been pre-determined to be a Class I han - gar. If the han gar clas si fi ca tion was not known, the pre vi ously il lus trated ta bles would be used as a ref er ence, in or der to de ter mine the air craft han - gar clas si fi ca tion, along with the pro - ject doc u ments and re quire ments of the au thor i ties hav ing ju ris dic tion. STEP 2- REVIEW PROJECT REQUIRE- MENTS AND PROTECTION OP - TIONS This ex am ple of a Group I han gar is 240 ft (73.15m) long, and 275 ft (83.8m) wide, and it houses a 747 type air craft. It also has a 60 ft (18.3m) x 50 ft (15.2m), 3000 sq. ft. (278.7m) ad di tion at the front end of the build ing, in or der to en close the air craft s nose sec tion. (See Fig ure 5) STEP 3- SELECT TYPE OF FOAM, DETER- MINE PRIMARY (ROOF) SYSTEM DIS - CHARGE DENSITY AND DURATION In or der to de ter mine the proper roof sys tem den sity, the ex act type of foam con cen trate must be known (I.E. AFFF, fluoroprotein, pro tein), since it di rectly af fects the roof den - sity. For this par tic u lar ex am ple, AFFF foam will be used, along with stan dard sprin klers. There fore, a roof den sity of.16 gpm (6,5 l/m/m), for a min i mum du ra tion of ten min - utes is re quired by NFPA 409. NOTE: If an as pi rated AFFF, fluoroprotein or pro tein type of foam con cen trate was to be used in lieu of the AFFF con cen trate as dem on - strated above, then the roof sys tem den sity would have been.2 gpm / sq ft (8.1 l/m/m). This would then af fect the ca pac ity of the foam con cen trate stor age tanks, the on site wa ter stor - age tank ca pac ity, fire pump siz ing, and other re lated sys tem com po - nents such as sys tem pipe siz ing. So, se lect ing the proper foam con - cen trate may save some un nec es - sary pro ject costs. How ever, the se - lected foam con cen trate must still meet the pro ject re quire ments, codes, and other AHJ re quire - ments.for ex am ple, a foam con cen - trate such as milspec AFFF, (mil i tary spec i fi ca tion AFFF), could be spec i - fied for a non-military pro ject, but it might not ac tu ally be re quired to prop erly pro tect the haz ard. Use ex - treme cau tion when de sign ing or bid ding on pro jects such as this, by al ways stat ing ex actly what is or is not in cluded. STEP 4- CALCULATE THE PRIMARY (ROOF SYSTEM) FOAM QUANTITY The pri mary foam quan tity is de ter - mined by the fol low ing for mula: Q = D x A x 1.15 x T x P where: Q=Quan tity of foam in gal lons or li - ters D=Den sity in gpm /sq ft or l/m/m 2 A=Area of ap pli ca tion in sq ft or m 2 1.15=15% over age fac tor(this is the max i mum sys tem over age al lowed by NFPA 409) T=Time of dis charge (nor mally 10 min utes, but check ac tual job re - quire ments. Don t for get about con nected re serve sup ply which may also be re quired. P=Per cent age of foam con cen trate. (Usually 3%, but is sub ject to ac tual pro ject re quire ments.) Q =.16gpm x 69,000 sq ft x 1.15 x 10 min utes x 3% Q =.16 x 69,000 x 1.15 x 10 x.03 Q = 3808.8 gal lons (14417,9 li ters) of AFFF foam con cen trate for the roof sys tem. NOTE : This ex am ple only cov ers the ini - tial 10 min ute du ra tion. Should a re - serve be re quired, then it must be added to the orig i nal Q above. This will also af fect the ca pac ity of the foam conentrate blad der tank(s) or stor age tank(s). NOTE: STEPS 5, 6, & 7, ARE ONLY RE QUIRED FOR HAN GARS HOUSING AIR CRAFT WITH WING AREAS LARGER THAN 3000 SQ FT (279M), OR IF RE QUIRED BY THE AHJ OR PRO JECT DOC U MENTS. STEP 5- DETERMINE MONITOR LOCA- TION AND COVERAGE, IF WING AREA EXCEEDS 3000 SQ FT (279M) De ter mine sup ple men tary mon i tor lo ca tions and coverages for air craft with wing ar eas in ex cess of 3000 sq ft (279m). Again, some pro jects may re quire sup ple men tary mon i tor sys - tems even if the air craft wing ar eas are less than 3000 sq ft, refer to the pro ject doc u ments for spe cific re - quire ments. NOTE: The arc of cov er age un der the wings of the air craft and be yond, as well as the mon i tor noz zle throw and cov er age un der the fu se lage, are usu ally de scribed in the bid doc - u ments and also in di cated on the con tract draw ings. Oth er wise, you must con sult with the spec i fied mon - i tor noz zle man u fac tur ers for spe - cific mon i tor noz zle sta tion in for ma - tion, or any other ques tions re lated to mon i tor sys tem de sign, in or der to prop erly de sign the sup ple men tary under wing fire pro tec tion sys tem. The de sign ob jec tive of the sup ple - men tary under wing sys tem, ac cord - ing to NFPA 409, is to achieve con trol of the fire within 30 sec onds, and to ex tin guish the fire within 60 sec onds. It is im por tant to note at this point, that the place ment of mon i tor noz - zles, along with the ar eas of cov er - age, flows, noz zle set tings and re - lated in for ma tion, may vary on each air craft han gar pro ject due to owner/ar chi tect pref er ence. Be cause of all the vari ables in volved with the se lec tion of mon i tor noz zle sta tions, it is not pos si ble to pro vide the con trac tor, en gi neer or de signer
Foam 430f March 1, 2001
Foam 430g with a de tailed step by step set of in - struc tions on how to de sign the mon - i tor noz zle sta tions. Usually, as stated ear lier, the doc u ments and or plans will in di cate the ap prox i mate place ment of the mon i tor noz zle sta - tions, along with the ar eas of cov er - age for each sta tion. If this in for ma - tion is not avail able, it is im per a tive that it be re quested, in writ ing, be fore pro ceed ing with bid ding the pro ject. Con tacting the mon i tor de sign ing noz zle man u fac turer(s) for ad di - tional in for ma tion is also sug gested. Vi king has at tempted to be as spe - cific as is pos si ble with air craft han - gar de sign, how ever, mon i tor nozzle sta tion place ment is some thing that the owner or en gi neer has a great deal of in put on, and it is best to con - sult with them, should any ques tions arise. Should there be a ques tion on the mon i tor noz zle se lec tion, or if any doubt ex ists as to whether the equip - ment spec i fied is cor rect for the par - tic u lar ap pli ca tion, it is im per a tive that a let ter be writ ten to the au thor - ity(s) hav ing ju ris dic tion, ask ing for clar i fi ca tion, or re quest ing in struc - tions as to how to pro ceed in or der - ing the mon i tor noz zle sta tion equip - ment. This will avoid the pos si bil ity of or der ing equip ment which is not com pat i ble or is not de sired for use on the pro ject. Should ques tions arise which are not cov ered by NFPA 409, and/or other sim i lar per ti nent de sign stan dards, Vi king will as sist the con trac tor with re solv ing the ques tions by at tempt - ing to ob tain of fi cial in ter pre ta tions of the stan dards. All of the of fi cial in ter - pre ta tions which we re ceive, will be doc u mented for fu ture ref er ence. For this par tic u lar ex am ple, a to tal of four mon i tors were re quired, two at the ends of the wings, and one at each side of the fu se lage, just be hind the nose of the air craft. This place - ment, se lected by the owner along with the pro ject en gi neer, al lowed for the de sired under wing and fu se lage coverages, with min i mal floor space re quire ments. The mon i tor nozzle cho sen, was se lected for proper throw, in or der to force a pos si ble fuel spill out from un der the body and wing area of the air craft. STEP 6- DETERMINE MONITOR SYSTEM APPLICATION RATE AND DURATION The min i mum sup ple men tary mon i - tor sys tem ap pli ca tion rate re quired by NFPA 409 for an AFFF sys tem, is 0.10 gpm of foam so lu tion per sq ft (4,1 l/m/m) of floor area be neath the wing and wing-center sec tion of the air craft. For pro tein or fluoroprotein based con cen trates, the minimum ap pli ca tion rate re quired is 0.16 gpm of foam so lu tion per sq ft (6,5 l/m/m) of floor area be neath the wing and wing-center sec tion of the air craft. Since this par tic u lar ex am ple is based on us ing AFFF foam, the min i - mum den sity for the sup ple men tary sys tem is 0.10 gpm /sq ft (4,1 l/m/m). The min i mum du ra tion re quired by NFPA 409 is 10 min utes. STEP 7- CAL CU LATE FOAM QUAN - TITY FOR MON I TOR SYS TEM This is ac com plished in es sen tially the same man ner as de scribed in Step 4, or (Q = D x A x T x P). How - ever, the mon i tor noz zle pres sure, and the min i mum mon i tor nozzle flow re quired to achieve the de sired noz zle cov er age, must be fac tored into the above for mula, or the Q may be se verely un der es ti mated, re - sult ing in ex tra pro ject costs. The area of un der-wing cov er age in this ex am ple, for each of the four mon i tor noz zles, cal cu lates out to ap prox i - mately 1375 sq ft (127,75 m), (5500 sq ft 4 mon i tor noz zle lo ca tions = 1375 sq ft per lo ca tion). (Es ti mated mon i tor noz zle flow = 0.1 gpm x 1375 sq ft, or 137.5 gpm per sta tion). How ever, each mon i tor noz zle os cil - lates over a pre scribed area of cov er - age, and may in clude over lap ping spray pat terns, so the ac tual nozzle flow must be de ter mined from the ac tual arc of os cil la tion. The ac tual area (A) for the arc of os cil la tion ( AO ) may be de ter mined by us ing the fol - low ing for mula: (Our ex am ple has a 35 AO, and a throw (r) of 125 (38,1m) A = ( πr)(ao 360 ) where r = ra dius of mon i tor noz zle throw A = (3.14 x 125) x (35 360) A = (49062.5) X 0.097 A = 4770 sq ft (443,1 m) x.1 gpm under wing den sity This re sults in a min i mum mon i tor noz zle flow of 477 gpm (1805,6 l/m). For prac ti cal pur poses, the mon i tor noz zles should be con sid ered as flow ing 500 gpm (1892.7 lpm ) each, as 500 gpm is a tested mon i tor noz - zle rat ing. Now that the to tal flow per mon i tor sta tion has been de ter mined (4 sta tions to tal), the amount of foam con cen trate (Q) can be cal cu lated. NOTE: There may be some in stances when it is permissable to elim i nate the area in cluded in the arc of os cil la - tion ( AO ) from the mon i tor noz zle to a point where the foam so lu tion first be gins to strike the floor, from the above cal cu la tion. The area will vary de pend ing upon the an gle of el e va - tion of the mon i tor noz zle, along with other fac tors such as the man u fac - turer, ad just abil ity of the noz zle, and sys tem pres sure. There fore, it is im - per a tive that the au thor ity hav ing ju - ris dic tion be con sulted for a fi nal de - ter mi na tion. To find the amount of foam con cen - trate (Q) re quired to pro vide the de - sired per cent age of foam con cen - trate in the foam/wa ter so lu tion, for the mon i tor sta tions, use the fol low - ing for mula: Q = (F) x (N) x (T) x (P), where F is the in di vid ual mon i tor noz zle flow, N is the num ber of mon i tor sta tions re - quired, T is the time of dis charge, and P is the per cent age of foam con - cen trate re quired in the foam/wa ter so lu tion. There fore: Q = F x N x T x P Q = 500 gpm x 4 sta tions x 10 min - utes x 3% so lu tion Q = 500 x 4 x 10 x.03 Q = 600 gal lons (2271,3 li ters) of foam con cen trate STEP 8- CAL CU LATE THE HAND HOSE LINE RE QUIRE MENTS The pro ject doc u ments must be re - ferred to, in or der to de ter mine the num ber of hand hose lines which will be re quired to op er ate, and the amount of flow each sta tion is re - quired to pro vide. For this ex am ple, the re quire ments of NFPA 409 must be met, so this means that 2 hand hose lines will be in op er a tion, and each will flow 60 gpm (227 l/m) for a pe riod of 20 min utes. STEP 9- CAL CU LATE FOAM QUAN - TITY FOR HAND HOSE LINES Use a mod i fied ver sion of the orig i nal for mula to cal cu late the amount of foam con cen trate (Q) re quired to op - er ate the hand hose sta tions for the re quired amount of time. The mod i - fied for mula will be: Q = F x N x T x P, where (F) rep re sents the hose sta - tion flow, (N) stands for the num ber of hand hose sta tions re quired to op - er ate, (T) rep re sents time of op er a - tion (20 minutes per NFPA 409), and (P) is the per cent age of foam con - cen trate re quired in the foam/wa ter so lu tion.
Foam 430h March 1, 2001 There fore: Q = F x N x T x P Q = 60 gpm x 2 sta tions x 20 min utes x 3% con cen trate Q = 60 x 2 x 20 x.03 Q = 72 gal lons (272,6 li ters) of foam con cen trate STEP 10- CAL CU LATE TO TAL QUAN - TITY OF FOAM The to tal quan tity of foam can now be de ter mined by simply add ing the sub-totals from Steps 4, 7 and 9 to - gether. To tal Q from Step 4 = 3808.8 gal - lons of foam con cen trate To tal Q from Step 7 = 600.0 gal - lons of foam con cen trate To tal Q from Step 9 = 72.0 gal lons of foam con cen trate To tal Q of 4480.8 gal lons (16961,7 li ters) of foam con cen trate will be re - quired for this pro ject The to tal quan tity of foam may be stored in a sin gle or mul ti ple reser-voiirs or tanks such as Vi king blad der tanks, de pend ing on the type of foam dis charge de vices se - lected. The Au thor ity Hav ing Ju ris - dic tion should also be con sulted as to how and where the blad der tanks, mon i tor noz zle foam res er voirs, and re lated foam stor age may be lo - cated. NOTE: The above quan tity of 4480.8 gal lons ( 16961,7 li ters) of foam con - cen trate is the min i mum re quire ment by NFPA 409. It does not in clude any re serve amount of con cen trate which may be re quired by the pro ject doc u ments or ad di tional de mands which may be re quired by the in sur - ing body, LPC, Vds or any other Au - thor ity Hav ing Ju ris dic tion. STEP 11- RE VIEW STEPS 1 THROUGH 10 FOR COM PLI ANCE The rea son that this step was in - cluded, was sim ply to alert the de - signer(s), en gi neer(s), or other par - ties in volved in the de sign of the air - craft han gar fire pro tec tion sys tem, that a re view of the pro ject should be per formed at this time. This would in clude re view ing the pro ject draw - ings, doc u ments and other re lated ma te rial, check ing the in for ma tion con tained in this data book, such as the re view of the type I han gar fire pro tec tion ta ble, and any other re - lated doc u ments, such as NFPA 409. This step should also be used to dou ble-check for any items which may have been pre vi ously over - looked, or did n t seem very im por - tant at the be gin ning of the pro ject. It is a dis cre tion ary step, and is totally up to the per son(s) in volved with the pro ject to de cide how de tailed the re - view is to be. STEP 12- COM PLETE A PRE LIM I - NARY LIST OF MA TE RIAL Each pro ject will have its own spe - cific re quire ments, so there will be vari a tions which dif fer en ti ate one pro ject from an other. The eas i est method to fol low in or der to com - plete a pre lim i nary list of ma te ri als for the Vi king foam/wa ter fire pro tec tion sys tem in stal la tion, is to uti lize the Check list found in the Mis cel la - neous sec tion, at the end of the Vi - king Foam Tech ni cal Data Book. It is a step by step check list of Vi king s foam/wa ter equip ment in clud ing dis - charge de vices, con cen trate con trol - lers, con cen trate con trol valves, types of sys tems, and other re lated de vices. The ex am ple in cluded for this ex er - cise, uti lizes a Vi king de luge valve with a hy drau li cally ac tu ated con - cen trate con trol valve (a Vi king Halar coated de luge valve with proper trim), in stalled as in di cated on Fig ure 201, found on page 201b, in the Vi - king Foam Sys tems En gi neering and De sign Data Book. DE TEC TION There are many types of de tec tion sys tems used to ac ti vate ei ther the roof sys tem or the sup ple men tary un der-wing sys tem, such as a com - bi na tion of Ul tra-violet and In fra-red (UVIR) de tec tors, heat de tec tors, smoke de tec tors (very sel dom used), pi lot sprin klers, rate of rise de - tec tors,or beam de tec tors. On most air craft han gar pro jects, the type of de tec tion sys tem will be in di cated on the con struc tion plans, and in the pro ject doc u ments. Elec tric de tec - tion sys tem lay outs, in clud ing spe - cific de tec tor lo ca tions, are usu ally in di cated on the con struc tion plans, es pe cially when some of the more so phis ti cated types of de tec tors, such as UVIR, or beam de tec tors are spec i fied. For most air craft han gar pro jects, the pneu matic or hy drau lic de tec tion sys tem for the roof and sup ple men - tary under wing mon i tor noz zle sys - tem will be in cluded as part of the fire pro tec tion spec i fi ca tion. This is be - cause most fire pro tec tion con trac - tors who are ex pe ri enced in spe cial haz ard type pro jects, such as air craft AIR CRAFT HAN GAR SYSTEMS han gar in stal la tions, are fa mil iar with both types of de tec tion sys tems, along with their com po nents. For spe cific in for ma tion on Vi king s Microfast Model M fixed tem per a ture re leases, Model C-1 ther mo static re - leases, and other pneu matic or hy - drau lic de tec tion equip ment, please re fer to the Vi king En gi neering and De sign Data Book. Normally, an elec tric de tec tion sys - tem would be in cluded as part of the elec tri cal spec i fi ca tions, but there have been oc ca sions where even the elec tri cal de tec tion has been in - cluded as part of the fire pro tec tion sec tion. Should the pro ject doc u - ments re quire that the fire pro tec tion con trac tor pro vide an elec tric de tec - tion sys tem, it is sug gested that the fire pro tec tion con trac tor sub con - tract the en tire de tec tion sys tem to a well es tab lished elec tri cal con trac tor who is fa mil iar with sim i lar de tec tion sys tem in stal la tions. The fire pro tec - tion con trac tor may wish to ex clude the elec tri cal de tec tion por tion of the pro ject from his/her bid. What ever the ex cep tion(s) or in clu sion(s) to the pro ject may be, it is sim ply good prac tice to in di cate them in writ ing, in or der to elim i nate pos si ble con fu - sion or con flict. AP PROVALS Only listed and/or ap proved valves and de vices should be used on air - craft hanger in stal la tions. This is sim ply good prac tice as it in di cates that the valves and de vices have been tested and/or ap proved for their in tended use. The proper sprin - kler head(s) must be se lected based upon the type and brand of foam be - ing used. Vi king has the most com pre hen sive list ing and ap proval of sprin kler heads for use with var i ous types of 3M foam in the in dus try. Vi king sprin kler heads are also listed and ap proved with other brands and types of foam. Please re fer to the ta - bles found in the Dis charge De - vices sub-section of this data book for a com plete list ing of the Vi king sprin klers for use with var i ous brands and types of foams.
Foam 430i This sec tion of the Air craft Han gar Pro - tec tion Ap pli ca tion in for ma tion, will cover Group II air craft hang ers, or those air craft hang ers which have both of the fol low ing fea tures: (a) An air craft ac cess door height of 28ft (8.5m) or less; and (b) A sin gle fire area for spe cific types of con struc tion in ac cor dance with Fig ure 1, as in di cated on page Foam 430b. Note: This sec tion does not per tain to Group II hang ers hous ing air craft with drained and purged fuel tanks. (See NFPA Pam phlet 409, 1990 Edi tion, Sec - tion 4-1.1 for ref er ence.) Group II air craft hang ers must be pro - tected in ac cor dance with any of the fol - low ing meth ods: (a) The same re quire ments as those de scribed for Group I air craft hang ers, ex cept that the dis - charge rate for foam/wa ter de luge sys tems us ing air aspirating dis - charge de vices, may be re duced to a min i mum of 0.16 gpm /sq. ft. of foam so lu tion (6.5l/min/m), for Group II air craft hang ers. (b) A com bi na tion of au to matic sprin - kler pro tec tion as de scribed in the Sprin kler Sys tem sec tion of Group II Air craft Han gar Pro tec - tion in NFPA 409, and an au to - matic, low level, low ex pan sion foam sys tem, as de scribed in the Low Ex pan sion Foam Sys tem por tion of Group II Air craft Hangar Pro tec tion. (c) A com bi na tion of au to matic sprin - kler pro tec tion, again as de - scribed in the Sprin kler Sys tem sec tion of Group II Air craft Hangar Pro tec tion, and an au to matic high ex pan sion foam sys tem, as de - scribed in the High Ex pan sion por - tion of the Group II Air craft Hangar Pro tec tion. Along with the above re quire ments, au - to matic closed-head sprin kler pro tec - tion must be pro vided in side sep a rate shop, of fice, and stor age ar eas lo cated in side air craft main te nance and ser vic - ing ar eas. The de sign must be in ac cor - dance with haz ard clas si fi ca tions spec i - fied in NFPA 13, or other ap pli ca ble stan dard. In ad di tion to the re - quirements as de scribed above, the hand hose, foam-water hand hose sys - GROUP II AIR CRAFT HANGAR PROTECTION tems, and wheeled and portable extinguisher requirements for Group I air - craft hangers, also apply, as well as Pro- tection System Alarms described in NFPA 409, or other applicable standards As with Group 1 Air craft Han gars, the con trol valves, foam-liquid con cen trate stor age, in jec tion sys tem and con cen - trate pump (if re quired), must be lo - cated out side the air craft stor age and ser vic ing ar eas, and the en vi ron men tal con di tions must be suit able for the con - cen trate be ing used. There fore, it is im - per a tive that care ful con sid er ation be given to the lo ca tion of the foam tanks, sys tem ris ers, and as so ci ated equip ment, in re la tion to the air craft han gar stor age and ser vice ar eas. The fol low ing chart con tains a gen eral re - view of Group ll han gar fire pro tec tion de sign, and it is to be used as a guide only, and in con junc tion with rec og - nized air craft han gar pro tec tion stan - dards, in sur ance com pany rules, gov - ern men tal reg u la tions and re quire - ments, and other stan dards re quired by the au thor i ties hav ing ju ris dic tion. ACCEPTANCE TESTS The sys tem(s) may be re quired to be tested with the foam sys tem in op er a - tion, to in sure that the sys tem per forms as re quired. This may mean a test of the foam/wa ter so lu tion to check for proper per cent age, such as 3% or 6%, etc. Proper dis posal of the foam so lu tion is es sen tial to the ac cep tance test, and all lo cal, state and other ap pli ca ble stan - dards for proper dis posal of the foam/wa ter so lu tion, must be fol lowed. The required standards will also state how many systems must operate si mul ta - neously, so as to determine if the water supply is adequate,flow pressures, agent discharge capacity, foam coverage, per - centage of concentration, and other op - erating characteristics are satisfactory. Once the ac cep tance tests have been com pleted, the in stall ing com pany (con trac tor), may be re quired to fur nish a writ ten state ment that the work has been com pleted in ac cor dance with the ap proved plans and spec i fi ca tions, and prop erly tested. DETECTION AND ACTUATION Sev eral types of de tec tion may be used to ac tu ate the high or low ex pan sion foam sys tems along with the pre-action sprin kler sys tem, and the most com - mon ones are fixed tem per a ture, rate com pen sated or rate-of-rise types. Please re fer to the man u fac turer s tech - ni cal data for proper in stal la tion in for - ma tion for the de tec tion sys tem. Vi king has sev eral types of de tec tion sys tems avail able such as fixed tem per a ture re - leases, pi lot sprin klers, and rate of rise de tec tion (C-1 Ther mo static Re leases). Please re fer to the Vi king En gi neering and De sign Data Book for de tec tion de - vices, spac ing re quire ments, and other re lated in for ma tion. The use of rate of rise de tec tion in air craft han gars must be very care fully con sid ered, or false op er a tion of the sys tem could oc cur. The de signer must be fa mil iar with how a rate of rise de tec tion sys tem op er ates, since op er a tion of the de tec tion sys tem can be af fected by vary ing an nual weather con di tions or con di tions which could cre ate a sud den rise in tem per a - ture. De tec tion sys tems may also be re - quired to be pro vided with com plete su - per vi sion, as NFPA 409 re quires. Man - ual ac tu a tion sta tions are re quired by NFPA 409, and they must be lo cated so that each sys tem can be in di vid u ally op - er ated from both in side or out side the air craft stor age and ser vic ing area. The man ual sta tions must be lo cated so as to be un ob structed, readily ac ces si ble, and lo cated in nor mal paths of exit from the area. Again, it is im per a tive that the ap pli ca ble re quire ments be ad hered to for the proper de sign of the air craft han - gar s fire pro tec tion sys tem. WATER SUPPLY The wa ter sup ply must be suf fi cient to sup ply the com bi na tion of sys tems and hose sta tions as re quired by the ap pli - ca ble stan dard(s), for both quan tity and du ra tion. Group II air craft han gars re - quire a min i mum of 30 min utes of wa ter at the re quired rates called for in NFPA 409. The wa ter sup ply for low ex pan - sion foam sys tems in Group II air craft han gars must be ca pa ble of a 10 min ute du ra tion suit able for the pro duc tion of foam. For high ex pan sion foam sys -
Foam 430j March 1, 2001 AIR CRAFT HAN GAR SYSTEMS
Foam 430k tems, the wa ter sup ply du ra tion must be ca pa ble of pro duc ing foam for 12 min - utes. The wa ter sup ply must also be ca - pa ble of pro vid ing the hose sta tions as re quired by the stan dards be ing used, and if the sys tem also serves as a sup - ply for ex te rior hose streams, a min i - mum 500 gpm (1893 l/m) must be in - cluded in the cal cu la tions. If fire pumps and suc tion res er voirs are pro vided, then they must be de signed and in - stalled in ac cor dance with the de sign stan dards which ap ply to the spe cific pro ject. For most Group III air craft han gars, no fixed sys tem fire pro tec tion is nec - es sary. How ever, where haz ard ous op er a tions in clud ing fuel trans fer, weld ing, torch cut ting, torch sol der - ing, dop ing, and spray paint ing are per formed, the han gar must be pro - tected in the same man ner as a Group II fa cil ity, per NFPA 409 re quire - ments. Please check the ap pli ca ble stan dards for your spe cific pro ject to find out what they may re quire for fire pro tec tion sys tems. Por ta ble fire extinguishers are also re - quired for Group III han gars, per NFPA 10. When por ta ble extinguishers are locked up to pre vent the pos si bil ity of theft, each ten ant and air craft owner must have a key for the locks. The dis tri - bu tion of fire extinguishers in the air craft stor age and ser vic ing ar eas, must be in ac cor dance with ex tra haz ard clas si fi - ca tion as out lined in NFPA 10. In other ar eas of the air craft han gars, the dis tri - GROUP III AIR CRAFT HAN GAR PROTECTION bu tion of the extinguishers shall be in ac cor dance with light, or di nary or ex tra haz ard oc cu pancy, based upon an anal y sis of each room or area fol low ing the re quire ments of NFPA 10, or other ap pli ca ble stan dard(s). PE RI ODIC IN SPEC TION AND TESTING OF GROUP I, II & III AIR CRAFT HAN - GARS All Group I, II, & III air craft han gar fire pro tec tion sys tems, will re quire in spec - tion and test ing at cer tain in ter vals. The in spec tion and test ing is to be per - formed ac cord ing to the pre vail ing stan - dard(s) for air craft han gar sprinkler sys - tem in spec tion and test ing. For ex am - ple, NFPA 409 con tains a ta ble for pe ri - odic in spec tion and test ing (re fer to Ta - ble 6-1.1), which con tains spe cific in - spec tion and test in for ma tion along with the time ta bles within which the in spec - tions and tests must be com pleted. It is very im por tant to main tain all re cords of in spec tions, tests, and test re sults, as proof that the sys tem(s) have been in - spected and tested on a prop erly sched uled ba sis. Please note that this ap pli ca tion in for - ma tion is es sen tially based on NFPA fire pro tec tion sys tem re quire ments. How - ever, there may be other over rid ing fire pro tec tion sys tem stan dards which ap - ply to spe cific pro jects, and these stan - dards may be much dif fer ent than what NFPA re quires. This is the main rea son why this ap pli ca tion in for ma tion is not in tended to be used as a stand alone de sign guide, but rather in con junc tion AIR CRAFT HANGAR SYSTEMS with all other ap pli ca ble stan dards. This ap pli ca tion in for ma tion is in tended to as sist in the fire pro tec tion de sign of the air craft han gar only, and it does not ap - ply to other ar eas of air craft han gar de - sign, such as con struc tion, in ter nal sep - a ra tions, clear space dis tances around han gars, floors, roofs, drain age, heat - ing and ven ti lat ing, light ning and elec tri - cal, light ing, ground ing, exit and ac - cess, draft cur tains, etc. (Note: For Group I, II, and III air craft han - gars, please re fer to NFPA 409, or the spe cific pro ject s ap pli ca ble stan - dard(s), for specific re quire ments per - tain ing to Ac cep tance Tests, Wheeled and Por ta ble Ex tin guishers, and Pro tec - tion Sys tem Alarms, since these items are not cov ered in de tail in this ap pli ca - tion man ual.) The in for ma tion in cluded in the Air craft Han gar Foam/Wa ter Sys tems sec tion of the Vi king Foam Sys tems En gi neering and De sign Data Book, is based on the 1990 edi tion of NFPA 409. While Vi king will make ev ery ef fort to up date this sec - tion in ac cor dance with the lat est NFPA in for ma tion, etc., it is the re spon si bil ity of the user/pur chaser to de ter mine the suit abil ity of the prod uct and/or in for ma - tion for its in tended use, and the user/pur chaser as sumes all risks and li - a bil i ties what so ever in con nec tion there with.