UCLA Department of Statistics Statistical Consulting Center Presentations with L A TEX Colin Rundel crundel@stat.ucla.edu Outline May 12, 2009 Software installation Software installation Beamer package Example template Compiling Slideshow Console and errors Installing L A TEX Mac Installation: Download MacTeX, which can be found on http:// www.tug.org/ mactex/. L A TEXcan then be accessed via the program TeXShop, which is included in this installation. Windows Installation: Download protext, which can be found on http:// www.tug.org/ protext 1. L A TEXcan be accessed via TeXnicCenter, which is included in this installation. Both the MacTeX and protext downloads are very large: 1.2GB and 540MB, respectively. The interfaces for Macs and PCs are different, however, the L A TEX code works for both. 1 Another option http:// www.winshell.de. (Winshell and MikTeX)
Software installation Opening TeXShop Finder Applications TeX TeXShop Beamer package Beamer The package that we will be using to create a slide presentation in L A TEXis called Beamer. Beamer is very straight forward if you are already familiar with L A TEX. If not, it may be a little difficult at first. We are going to start with the basics of Beamer and build up to more advanced topics. Beamer package Beamer (cont.) Pros: L A TEXand Beamer are open source. L A TEXand Beamer offer you full control over the design and layout of your presentation. Elegant math typesetting just like in other L A TEXdocuments. Has plenty of built in templates to choose from. Once you are familiar with Beamer you can design your own template. Cons: If you re note familiar with L A TEXmay take a while to get used to the functions. There are no drag and drop options. Example template Example template Download the following zipped folder to your desktop http:// www.stat.ucla.edu/ crundel/ SCC/ beamertemp.zip Unzip the file (on a Mac, double-click). beamertemp s contents: beamertemp.tex three image files: latex.jpg powerpoint.jpg wishiwerethere.jpg. beamertemp.tex follows the rest of this presentation and is filled with examples and extra comments. Open this file now.
Example template Commenting Return to the basic file you just created. Whats with all the red (or gray in Windows)? These are comments, which is writing that will be ignored by L A TEX. Comments are made by using the percent symbol: %. Compiling Compiling Hit command-t or go to Typeset. The first time you compile a document you will be asked to save your document. Any text following a % on that line only will be ignored by LaTeX. Compiling Files from the compile L A TEXtakes the.tex document and it produces a bunch of other files. Slideshow Slideshow To view your slides as a slide show, open the PDF document produced by L A TEXthrough Finder and go to View Slideshow. Click on the Fit to Screen button for full screen slides. While each of these files has a purpose, only one file - in addition to the original L A TEXfile - is of interest: the PDF. As more methods of L A TEXare used, this list of L A TEXoutput files might grow... but most can be ignored for most of the time.
Console and errors Console and errors Console When the code was compiled, two windows popped up. The console tells you what L A TEXis doing when it reads (compiles) the document. If you have made an error (or just did something that L A TEXdoesnt like), the console will tell you. If the error is critical, L A TEXwill stop compiling: While it is always good to fix the problem immediately (hit ), in some cases you can continue compiling by hitting return on the keyboard. Errors are inevitable Errors are both inevitable and common withl A TEX. To help identify errors, it is recommended that you compile frequently to verify your output matches what you anticipated. (You can continue working while a document compiles.) Common errors that will make more sense as we go along... Misspelling a command Not escaping special characters Not balancing {braces} Not balancing $ s Not balancing out beginning/ending environments (e.g. \begin{document} and \end{document}) Themes Themes Layout options Output options Frame options Presentation structure Themes There are five theme categories in beamer: 1 Presentation Themes - Slide template 2 Color Themes - Color scheme for slide template 3 Font Themes 4 Inner Themes 5 Outer Themes We will mostly focus on the first two in this presentation.
Themes Choosing a theme \usetheme[option]{name} The main difference between v3.0 and v2.2 is Beamer themes Old themes: bars, boxes, classic, default, lined, plain, shadow, sidebar, sidebardark, sidebardarktab, sidebartab, split, tree, treebars New themes: Without navigation bar: default, boxes, Bergen, Madrid, Pittsburgh, Rochester With a tree-like navigation bar: Antibes, JuanLesPins, Montpellier With a TOC sidebar: Berkeley, PaloAlto, Goettingen, Marburg, Hannover With a mini frame navigation: Berlin, Ilmenau, Dresden, Darmstadt, Frankfurt, Singapore, Szeged With section and subsection titles: Copenhagen, Luebeck, Malmoe, Warsaw The best way to decide which theme to use is to try them all and choose the one you think serves your presentation the best. In this presentation we are using the Frankfurt theme. Themes Frankfurt theme Themes Antibes theme Layout options Layout options [slidestop]: puts frame titles on the top left corner (default=[slidescentered]) [compress]: makes all navigation bars as small as possible (default=[uncompressed]) Changing the color of navigation bars and titles: [blue]: default color scheme [red]: changes navigation bars and titles to a reddish color [brown]: changes navigation bars and titles to a brownish color [blackandwhite]: good for transparencies
Output options Output options Frame options Frame options Default: PDF screen (size 128mm 96 mm) [handout]: for PDF handouts. [trans]: for PDF transparency. [notes=hide/show/only]: for notes. Hide notes (default), add notes to the PDF screen, or notes only PDF. [plain]: for plane frame style (no navigation bars) [fragile]: for using verbatim environment and verb command (useful for presenting R output) [allowframebreaks]: for automatic split of frames if the contents do not fit in a single slide [shrink]: for shrinking the contents to fit in a single slide (be careful when using this, it is important to not put too much information in each slide, it may make it difficult for the audience to follow your presentation) [squeeze]: for squeezing vertical space. Presentation structure Sections Presentation structure Subsections \section[short section name]{long section name} Short section name is an optional parameter and shows up in the navigation bar, it is useful if your section names are long and don t fit in the navigation bar. Long section name shows up in the table of contents. \subsection[short subsection name]{long subsection name} Short subsection name is an optional parameter and shows up in the navigation bar, it is usually not necessary as the navigation bar shows only the current subsection name. Long subsection name shows up in the table of contents.
Presentation structure Parts \part[short part name]{long part name} Parts may be useful for very long presentations. Within each part you can have sections and subsections. When using parts, only the current part (and the sections and subsections within it) will show up in the navigation bar. At the beginning of each part you can include a cover slide using \partpage, this will print out the part number and name. Parts do not automatically show up in the table of contents, therefore require that you manually create the table of contents. Text & Math Fonts Font Size Text & Math Fonts Text Fonts Text & Math Fonts Math Fonts Beamer option [sans] for text font (default) Equivalent to \usefonttheme{default} Beamer option [serif] for text font Equivalent to \usefonttheme[options]{serif} Additional font theme macros \usefonttheme{structurebold} for bold faced structures (titles, headlines, footlines, sidebars,...) \usefonttheme{structureitalicserif} \usefonttheme{structuresmallcapsserif} You can also change text font locally with commands like \textbf, \underline, etc. or by going to Macros Text Styles. When using \usefonttheme{default}, mathsans is default When using \usefonttheme[options]{serif}, mathserif is default Beamer option [mathsans/mathserif] for math font You can also change math font locally with commands like \mathbf, \underline, etc. or by going to Macros Text Styles typeface.
Font Size Font Size Default font size: 11pt (At the full screen mode this font size corresponds to 22 pt.) Available font size options: 8pt, 9pt, 10pt, 11pt, 12pt, 14pt, 17pt, 20pt You can change the font size locally with commands like \small, \tiny, etc. or by going to Macros Text Styles size Text colors Background colors Text colors Colors Beamer uses the xcolor package which also supports color and pstcol Predefined colors: red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, yellow, black, darkgray, gray, lightgray, orange, violet, purple, and brown To get text in color: \textcolor{orange}{text in orange} Text in orange Text colors Defining colors You can define your own color and give it a name in the preamble: \xdefinecolor{lavendar}{rgb}{0.8, 0.6, 1} This is lavendar \xdefinecolor{olive}{cmyk}{0.64,0, 0.95,0.4} This is olive You can also create a color mix in textcolor: \textcolor{green!80!blue}{this is 80% green, 20% blue} This is 80% green, 20% blue \textcolor{green!50!blue}{this is 50% green, 50% blue} This is 50% green, 50% blue \textcolor{green!20!blue}{this is 20% green, 80% blue} This is 20% green, 80% blue
Background colors Background colors - solid Background colors Background colors - gradient Stepwise viewing Stepwise viewing Stepwise viewing Highlighting \pause command can be used for overlays in itemized or enumerated lists. \begin{itemize} \pause \item This item appears first \pause \item then this item appears \pause \item lastly this item appears \end{itemize} This item appears first then this item appears lastly this item appears
Stepwise viewing Stepwise viewing Stepwise viewing Stepwise viewing (cont.) <+-> command can be used for overlays in itemized or enumerated lists. \item<n-> command can also be used for overlays in itemized or enumerated lists so that items appear in any order you like. \begin{itemize}[<+->] \item This item appears first \item then this item appears \item lastly this item appears \end{itemize} This item appears first then this item appears lastly this item appears \begin{itemize} \item<2-> This item appears first \item<4-> lastly this item appears \item<3-> then this item appears \end{itemize} This item appears first lastly this item appears then this item appears Stepwise viewing Stepwise viewing (cont.) Highlighting Highlighting \item<n1-n2> command can also be used for finer control in overlays. \item<+- alert@+> command can also be used for finer control in overlays. You can also use structure instead of alert. \begin{enumerate} \item<2-> This item appears first \item<3-> then this item appears \item<4-> lastly this item appears \end{enumerate} 1 This item appears first 2 then this item appears 3 lastly this item appears \begin{enumerate} \item <+- alert@+> This item is highlighted first \item <+- alert@+> then this item is highlighted \item <+- alert@+> lastly this item is highlighted \end{enumerate} 1 This item is highlighted first 2 then this item is highlighted 3 lastly this item is highlighted
Highlighting Highlighting (cont.) Highlighting Highlighting (cont.) Highlighting can also be done with any color of your choice. \begin{enumerate} \item<2-> \alt<2>{\color{magenta} First this is magenta}{\color{gray} This is gray} \item<2-> \alt<3>{\color{magenta} then this is magenta}{\color{gray} this is gray} \item<2-> \alt<4>{\color{magenta} lastly this is magenta}{\color{gray} this is gray} \end{enumerate}... and in any order of you define \begin{itemize} \item<2-> \alt<4>{\color{magenta} lastly this is magenta}{\color{gray} This is gray} \item<2-> \alt<2>{\color{magenta} First this is magenta}{\color{gray} this is gray} \item<2-> \alt<3>{\color{magenta} then this is magenta}{\color{gray} this is gray} \end{itemize} 1 First this is magenta 2 then this is magenta 3 lastly this is magenta lastly this is magenta First this is magenta then this is magenta Highlighting Highlighting (cont.) \temporal<n>{before}{on}{after} command can also be used for incremental highlighting. \begin{enumerate} \temporal<2>{\color{gray}} {\color{blue}} {\color{blue!25}} \item First this is gray, then blue, then light blue. \temporal<3>{\color{gray}} {\color{blue}} {\color{blue!25}} \item First this is gray, then blue, then light blue. \temporal<4>{\color{gray}} {\color{blue}} {\color{blue!25}} \item First this is gray, then blue, then light blue. \end{enumerate} 1 First this is gray, then blue, then light blue. 2 First this is gray, then blue, then light blue. 3 First this is gray, then blue, then light blue. Columns Framed Text Tables Math
Columns Two columns Columns Multiple columns It is possible to divide the frame into two columns. \begin{columns} \column{0.50\textwidth} \textcolor{red}{this is column 1 and spans the right 50% of the slide.} \column{0.50\textwidth} \textcolor{green}{this is column 2 and spans the left 50% of the slide.} \end{columns} This is column 1 and spans the right 50% of the slide. This is column 2 and spans the left 50% of the slide. It is possible to divide the frame into multiple columns, just make sure the percentages add up to 100. This is column 1 and spans the right 20% of the slide. This is column 2 and spans the middle 50% of the slide. This is column 3 and spans the middle 30% of the slide. Framed Text Framed Text - Predefined Framed Text Framed Text - Predefined (Examples) Beamer supports predefined framed texts: theorem, corollary, definition in structure color frame examples in green color frame block in structure color frame with your own title alertblock in alert color frame with your own title Color schemes of these framed texts are theme dependent Theorem a = b Corollary a = b Definition a = b Example a = b
Framed Text Framed Text - Predefined (Examples cont.) Framed Text Framed Text - User defined Block title Text in block. Alert block title Text in alert block. For user defined framed text use \beamerboxesrounded Rounded beamer box title Text in rounded beamer box. Tables Tables You can use the standard L A TEXtable environment in presentations. Col 1 Col 2 Col 3 Row 1 a b c Row 2 d e f Row 3 g h i You can place the table in a rounded box as well. Title of table Col 1 Col 2 Col 3 Row 1 a b c Row 2 d e f Row 3 g h i Tables Tables with overlays Row increment in a table: Col 1 Col 2 Col 3 Row 1 a b c Row 2 d e f Row 3 g h i
Math Math You can use the standard L A TEXmath environment in presentations. \[ mathtext \] environment: \[ W_i \mathbf{w}_{-i} \sim N(\mu_i + \sum_{j=1}^n \gamma h_{ij}(w_j-m)j), \tau^2 \phi_i) \] W i W i N(µ i + n γh ij (W j m)j), τ 2 φ i ) j=1 Aligned math environment (& is used for defining alignment position): \begin{align*} y_{ij} \beta, u_i, \sigma_e^2 &\sim N(\beta x_{ij} + u_i, \sigma_e^2) \\ u_i \sigma_u^2 &\sim N(0, \sigma_u^2) \end{align*} y ij β, u i, σ 2 e N(βx ij + u i, σ 2 e) u i σ 2 u N(0, σ 2 u) Math Math (cont.) Equation environment (used for numbered equations): \begin{equation} \mathbf{y} \beta, \sigma_e^2, \sigma_u^2 \sim N(\beta \mathbf{x}, \sigma_e^2 I_N + \sigma_u^2 I_m) \end{equation} y β, σ 2 e, σ 2 u N(βx, σ 2 ei N + σ 2 ui m ) (1) $ environment (useful for math within text): Spatial non-hierarchical model: $\omega^2 = 0$, predictive distribution is degenerate at $\mathbf{y}$ Spatial non-hierarchical model: ω 2 = 0, predictive distribution is degenerate at Y Figures Figures You can use the standard L A TEXfigure environment in presentations. \begin{center} \includegraphics[width=60mm]{wishiwerethere.jpg} \end{center} Figures Figures with overlays
Figures with overlays Figures (cont.) It is also possible to use overlays with figures. \begin{columns} \pause \column{0.5\textwidth} \begin{center} Instead of using this, \\ \includegraphics[width=20mm]{powerpoint.png} \end{center} \pause \column{0.5\textwidth} \begin{center} now you can use this \\ \includegraphics[width=20mm]{latex.png} \end{center} \end{columns} Instead of using this, now you can use this Go to buttons Go to buttons Go to buttons You can insert buttons to jump between slides. In order to do this your slides should be labeled using \begin{frame}[label=label ] This is the first slide in the Go to buttons section. By clicking on the below button you can jump to the last slide in the presentation. Jump to last slide You can obtain the button by using the following command: \hyperlink{goto2}{\beamergotobutton{jump to last slide}} Note that the slide where the button is pointing to is labeled goto2. Diverse possibilities Resources Survey Upcoming Mini-Courses
Diverse possibilities Diverse possibilities L A TEXhas a lot of power to do diverse tasks: Chemistry figures Circuits Feynman diagrams Musical scores Crossword puzzles Sudoku puzzles These different applications require packages that are generally not included in a basic download of L A TEXbut that can typically be downloaded at no cost. The ability to make elegant documents and figures is one of L A TEX s major draws. It offers users nearly unlimited control of their documents (even though it might feel a bit out of control at first). Resources Resources Online help: http:// info.stat.ucla.edu/ grad/ http:// forums.stat.ucla.edu/?5 - links to many useful sites - online forum help http:// faq.ktug.or.kr/ wiki/ uploads/ beamer guide.pdf comprehensive Beamer guide A good resource in book format: Guide to LaTeX, by Helmut Kopka and Patrick W. Daly A document that can be used to find LOTS of symbols (4MB): www.ctan.org/ tex-archive/ info/ symbols/ comprehensive/ symbols-a4.pdf - a Survey Survey Upcoming Mini-Courses Upcoming Mini-Courses Please take the time to complete a survey about this mini-course: http:// scc.stat.ucla.edu/ survey Your feedback is greatly appreciated. This week: Thursday, May 14 - Regression in R Next week: Tuesday, May 19 - Survival Analysis in R Thursday, May 21 - Construction of Questionnaires and Psychometric Issues For complete schedule of mini-courses offered visit http:// scc.stat.ucla.edu/ mini-courses/
Upcoming Mini-Courses Thank you Any questions? Exercises Exercises Exercise #1 Create a slide where the background is gradient 50% blue and 50% light gray and three bulleted items are first gray, then get highlighted red then become a grayish blue color (70% gray, 30% blue). Exercises Exercise #2 Recreate the below slide. Hints: Warsaw theme Orchid color theme Replace the name and e-mail address with your own Don t forget about the title, section and subsection names (1) (2) (3) (4)
Exercises Last slide This is the last slide in the presentation, by clicking on the below button you can go back to the Go to buttons section. Go back You can obtain the button by using the following command: \hyperlink{goto1}{\beamergotobutton{go back}} Note that the slide where the button is pointing to is labeled goto1.