Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Decision Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management

Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Decision Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management Steffen Wenzel, Yves Günther AGIFORS Airline Operations Study Group Meeting 2015/05/07

DLR.de Chart 2 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 DLR German Aerospace Center Research Institution Space Agency Project Management Agency

DLR.de Chart 3 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 Locations and employees Approx. 8000 employees across 33 institutes and facilities at 16 sites. Offices in Brussels, Paris, Tokyo and Washington. Stade Hamburg Bremen Trauen Berlin Braunschweig Goettingen Juelich Cologne Bonn Neustrelitz Lampoldshausen Stuttgart Augsburg Oberpfaffenhofen Weilheim

DLR.de Chart 4 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 Research Areas Aeronautics Space Research and Technology Transport Energy Defence and Security Space Administration Project Management Agency

DLR.de Chart 5 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 DLR Aeronautics Optimisation the performance and environmental compatibility of the entire aircraft system Expanding the range of helicopters to all weather conditions Efficient and environmentally-friendly aircraft engines Safe, environmentally-friendly and efficient air traffic (flight control, flight operations)

DLR.de Chart 6 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 What should be changed at airports? Airline Ground Handling ANSP other Airport

DLR.de Chart 7 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 What should be changed at airports?

DLR.de Chart 8 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 What should be changed at airports? Airline Ground Handling ANSP other Airport

DLR.de Chart 9 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 The Way to Performance Based Airport Management Airport Collaborative Decision Making (A CDM) Total Airport Management (TAM) Performance Based Airport Management (PBAM) Information sharing and declaration of a TOBT (tactical = T 0 to T 0+3h ) Definition of a cooperative Airport Management (pre tactical = T 0+3h to T 0+24h ) Target value oriented cooperative Airport Management (pre tactical = T 0+3h to T 0+24h )

DLR.de Chart 10 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 Targets of P-AIR-FORM A) demonstration of improved efficiency of airport operations by pre tactical planning B) show changes in ways of working and cooperation of stakeholders at airports with PBAM C) verification of positive effects of improved weather forecasts during pre tactical planning of airport operations

DLR.de Chart 11 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 Stakeholders visited Airline Ground-Handler Airport ANSP Involvement of all stakeholders directly participating in pre-tactical processes

DLR.de Chart 12 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 Modeling Approach Evaluation of visits Modeling of single stakeholders actual state Modeling of the stakeholders interactions for selected processes Modeling of processes target state surveys job descriptions process models organization processes IT systems

DLR.de Chart 13 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 Business Process Modeling (BPM) in ARIS Architecture of Integrated Information Systems ARIS database with revision control parallel work at different company sites detailed modeling of selected processes Organizational View Operations Control Center (OCC) Regional Short Range Data view Process view Periodic check of inbound flights executed Sales Data - A-Z Data Inventory (EN) Check inbound NetLine Hub flights Functional/ Application view TACT IATA Air Cargo Tariff and Rules A (EN) Customer Conditions (EN) Customer Data (EN) conjunction of: Processes (value-added chain, EPC) Organization (organigram) Functions (application systems) Data Services P (EN) S (EN) Product Data (EN) Sales Data (EN) Product1 Inbound flight delayed Check connecting NetLine Hub flights Product/ Service view Subproduct1 ARIS House AMADEUS NetLine Ops NetLine Hub Subproduct2

DLR.de Chart 14 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 Modeling of Organization 1/2 target: gain insight into the relationships within one stakeholder/ between stakeholders identification of responsibilities organigrams modeling in different hierarchical levels (top-down)

DLR.de Chart 15 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 Modeling of Organization 2/2 Example: Airline PAX Segment (Snippet) Passenger Ops Hub Control Center (HCC) Customer Care Operations Control Center (OCC) FOMOD Regional Passenger Short Range Airport Operator Long Range

DLR.de Chart 16 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 Modeling of Resources IATA Air Cargo Tariff and Rules application system type diagrams overview of interfaces between stakeholders input for process modeling TACT AMADEUS NetLine Ops Telephone Email NetLine Hub

DLR.de Chart 17 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 Process Modeling 1/3 modeling in 4 hierarchical levels (top-down) value-added chain diagrams in level 1 to 3 event-driven process chains in level 4 focus on pre-tactical processes

DLR.de Chart 18 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 Process Modeling 2/3 Example: Value-Added Chain Airline Staffing Quality Management Project Management Risk Management Knowledge Management Management Processes Network Planning Schedule Planning Sales Rotation Planning Flight Operations Core Process: Conduct Flights Crew Management Check-In Fleet Management strategic tactical Human Resource Management Information Processing/ IT Controlling Marketing Data Analysis Supporting Processes

DLR.de Chart 19 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 Process Modeling 3/3 Example: EPC Periodic check of inbound flights executed Application view NetLine Hub Check inbound flights Organizational view Inbound flight delayed PAX can reach connecting flights in MCT NetLine Hub Check connecting flights

PAX can be rebook on own flights NetLine Hub NetLine Hub AMADEUS Periodic check of inbound flights executed Check inbound flights Inbound flight delayed Check connecting flights PAX can't reach connecting flights in MCT Evaluate options PAX have to be rebooked on other flights Rebook PAX onto other flights PAX have to be rebooked on competitor's flights Normal Operations PAX can reach connecting flights in MCT PAX can reach connecting flights in MCT Rebook PAX on own Rebook PAX on Rebook PAX on AMADEUS AMADEUS AMADEUS flights competitors flights codeshare flights PAX rebooked Check accomodation Accomodation required Book accomodation Accomodation booked Send PAX information FOMOD Passenger No accomodation required PAX can be rebooked on codeshare flights Passenger Passenger Passenger Passenger Passenger Passenger FOMOD Quick transfer possible Organize quick transfer Quick transfer organized Gate change possible Conduct gate Request ATC change prioritization NetLine Hub Gate change conducted Check connecting flights PAX can reach connecting flights in MCT ATC prioritization granted ATC prioritization can be requested ATC prioritization not granted DLR.de Chart 20 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 Process Modeling 3/3 Example: EPC

DLR.de Chart 21 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 Airlines Problems MRO Agent in HCC/ OCC missing information from maintenance missing or too late ARR/DEP capacity from ANSP missing or too late discrepancies between filed flightplans and EUROCONTROL data ANSP agent desired missing interfaces of different stakeholders IT systems (e.g. airport) missing comprehension of other stakeholders processes, needs & constraints

DLR.de Chart 22 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 Airlines Suggested Improvements better weather forecast/ nowcast better integration of systems currently, data has to be inserted manually in up to 3 systems error-prone additional work & coordination (e.g. via phone) centralized Airport Operations Center (APOC) with all stakeholders

DLR.de Chart 23 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 Recap of Airlines Comments just a snapshot of the airlines visited most of the suggested improvements aim at: better integration of systems with automated data sharing avoid errors and save time get the right information at the right time improved stability & reliability of planning for all stakeholders main aspects of PBAM problems: integration costs money willingness to share own data to other stakeholders

PAX können auf eigene Flüge umgebucht werden NetLine Hub NetLine Hub AMADEUS Regelmäßige Überprüfung Inbound-Flüge erfolgt Inbound-Flüge überprüfen Inbound-Flug verspätet Anschlüsse überprüfen PAX können ihre Anschlussflüge nicht in der MCT erreichen Optionen prüfen PAX müssen auf andere Flüge umgebucht werden PAX auf andere Flüge umplanen PAX müssen auf Flüge der Konkurrenz umgebucht... Normal Operations PAX können ihre Anschlussflüge in der MCT erreichen PAX können ihre Anschlussflüge in der MCT erreichen Passage Passage Passage PAX auf Flüge der PAX auf eigene PAX auf Codeshare- AMADEUS AMADEUS Konkurrenz AMADEUS Flüge umbuchen Flüge umbuchen umbuchen PAX umgebucht Hotelbuchungen prüfen Hotelbuchungen notwendig Hotels buchen Hotels gebucht Passagierinfo versenden FOMOD Passage Passage Passage Passage FOMOD keine Hotelbuchungen notwendig PAX können auf Codeshare-Flüge umgebucht werden Quick-Transfer ist möglich Quick-Transfer organisieren Quick-Transfer organisiert Gatechange ist möglich Gatechange ATC-Priorität durchführen beantragen NetLine Hub Gatechange durchgeführt Anschlüsse überprüfen PAX können ihre Anschlussflüge in der MCT erreichen ATC-Priorität erteilt ATC-Priorität kann beantragt werden ATC-Priorität nicht erteilt DLR.de Chart 24 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 Conclusion BPM illustrates interdependencies, responsibilities and promotes Business Intelligence stakeholders involved in pre-tactical processes ask for better integration of systems & earliest possible information sharing in order to save resources Modular Flight Planning System 2 mfs:2 Telefon IATA Air Cargo Tariff and Rules Passage TACT Email Strategischer Betrieb operativer Betrieb Außenstation Crew Control Center (CCC) Hub Control Center (HCC) Kundenmanagement Flight Operations Manager on Duty Operations Control Center (OCC) Vorplanung Monitoring AMADEUS FOMOD Regional Passage Short Range Flughafenbetreiber Long Range NetLine Ops Ertragssteuerung Lost & Found/ Baggage NetLine Hub erm

DLR.de Chart 25 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 Way forward Modeling of target state of processes Implementation costs & durations Implementation of pre tactical KPI Evaluation of changes to the processes Input into further concept development of PBAM

DLR.de Chart 26 > Modeling of Pre-Tactical Airline Processes to enable Performance Based Airport Management > Wenzel, Günther > AGIFORS Airline Ops 2015 Thank you for your attention! Contact: Steffen Wenzel M.Sc. German Aerospace Center DLR Institute of Air Transportation Systems Air Transport Operations steffen.wenzel@dlr.de Dipl.-Ing. Yves Günther German Aerospace Center DLR Institute of Flight Guidance Air Transportation yves.guenther@dlr.de