WATER MANAGEMENT AND PROTECTION IN THE NETHERLANDS Drs E.P.H.Bregman - Province of Drenthe - Utrecht University - I.Kant University, Kaliningrad e.bregman@drenthe.nl -The -Netherlands -Drenthe -Research -Europe
DRENTHE
Brown: potatoes Green: gras Yellow: grain
Waterboards 1952 1952: 150 waterboards 1967: 15 2015: 4
Waterboards 1967
Velt en Vecht Waterboards 2000
- 25 waterboards - based on catchment area - crossing borders
Organisation watermanagement 1. National government: national laws ( ~ European laws/directives) national plans and programs NATIONAL PLAN FOR THE SUBSURFACE (STRONG)
Organisationwatermanagement 2. Provincial government: One integrated plan: spatial planning and environmental planning POLICYPLAN FOR THE SUBSURFACE (inclusive groundwater) Some groundwatertasks Provincial regulations Stimulate soil- and groundwaterquality (on base of sectoral plans) Establish waterboards ROLE SWITCHED.
Organisation watermanagement 3. Municipalities: Local(spatial and environmental) planning Collection/ transport waste water Dewatering builded area
Water Board - Watersystem - Purification - Taxes WATERQUALITY + -QUANTITY (+/-)
Taxes of waterboards 1.Watersystem tax(euro) % - housework 70 50 -buildings 0.05 % of value 40 - fields per ha 50 10 -nature per ha 4
Taxes of waterboards 2. Purification tax(euro) % - every person 75 75 -industry/business? -?? 25 TOTAL BILL ONE FAMILY: 750 / YR
WHAT CONNECT US? (besides personal motivation) GEOLOGY GLACIAL LANDSCAPE BURIED GLACIAL VALLEY S (BGV s) THREATS KNOWLEDGE RISING COOPERATION (EU PROJECTS)
GEOLOGY: SALTDOMES
DDC DOUBLE DIFFUSE CONVECTION = SALTDOME MIX OF HEAVY COLD AND LIGHT WARM WATER DIFFUSION OF BRINE AND FRESH WATER
Topography driven(regional) flow: strong near top of saltdome
NESALTDOMES SW INFLUENCES GROUNDWATER FLUXES & VEGETATION I GROUNDWATER FLOW Saltdome Anloo top 550-mv
GLACIAL HISTORY SVENDSON, 2004 THE NETHERLANDS: SAALIAN GLACIATION DENMARK: SAALIAN AND WEICHSELIAN GLACIATION
Faults(base Zechstein) correlates with vegetation (Helofytes) PREVIOUS SLIDE patern of slipfaults Zuid-Oost Drenthe/ Coevorden Drentsche Aa
BGV sin THE SURFACE STEEP DEEP CLOSED Kristensen et al. 2008 Stackebrandt et al. 2001 FORMED BY OVERPRESSURED MELTWATER OF ICEMARGINS INFILLINGS CONTAINS FRESHWATER
GBV s CONTAIN FRESH WATER BURIED GLACIAL VALLEY s Zoom of the calculated massdistribution (mg/l) in the upper 200 m
GBV S ARE FRESH WATER BODIES PATHWAY S FOR GW FLOW AND NUTRIENTS GBV BRINE WATERFLOW INFLUENCED BY FRESH WATERBODIES Ifwe knowthe mechanism we can better protect fresh water reserves FLOWPATH OF NUTRIENTS. FLEMMING JORGENSEN, 2012
WHAT CONECT US MORE? GEOLOGY GLACIAL LANDSCAPE BURIED GLACIAL VALLEY S (BGV s) THREATS KNOWLEDGE RISING COOPERATION (EU PROJECTS)
Brine water intrusion Drink water extraction
The needto act nowis to avoidpollutionof fresh water reserves in Europe Not to spill knowledge and money..by cooperation of regions
ON BASE OF REFERENCE STUDY START OF THE ENCORE FRESH WATER PROJECT DIFFERENT METHODS THREATS A LOT DIFFERENT POLICY Actual situation North - Netherlands (Drenthe) legislation by laws (national government) spatial environmental plans (Drenthe) tailor made action plans (17, Drenthe) for groundwater protection areas BGV s are partly protected
FOLLW UP OVERVIEW STUDY: ENCORE FRESH WATER PROJECT ENCORE FRESH WATER PROJECT HISTORICAL FRAME - GROUNDWATER PROTECTION - UPDATE KNOWLEDGE - REGIONAL MODELLING - EUROPEAN CONTEXT RIGA CONFERENCE 25 NOVEMBER 2013 ACTUAL SITUATION - RESULTS OVERVIEW - AIM OF THE PROJECT WHAT NEXT: A PROGRAM
GEUS & TNO: MAPPING & MONITORING NEED TO EXCHANGE KNOWLEDGE & COOPERATION REDUCTION POLLUTION LESSONS LEARNED IN THE PAST Actual situation North - Netherlands (Drenthe) legislation by laws (national government) spatial environmental plans (Drenthe) tailor made action plans (17, Drenthe) for groundwater protection areas BGV s are partly protected LONG TERM THINKING
2014 ENCORE MEETING: AGREEMENT 2015 START UP PHASE 1 FINANCE REGIONS AGREEMENT ORGANIZATION PROJECTS 2018 PHASE 2 2022 FINISH PRIORITY MAPPING & MONITORING RIVERBASIN DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURE
EUROPEAN PROJECTS: CLOSED LOOP AGRICULTURE: LIFE SYCLE APPROACH ASK CENTRE FOR AGRICULTURE, DENMARK SEGES. TOP SOIL IMPROVING CLIMATE RESILIENCE WATERMANAGEMENT SUSTAINABLE WATER USE BY FARMERS SKYLARK PROJECT COOPERATION FARMERS, BUYERS AND PROCESSORS
REGION GROUPS, MEMBERSHIP PAYMENT AND BENEFITS FOR FOOD INDUSTRY USED TO BUILD UP ORGANISATION: (CONSULTANTS!) Ten Farmers Fifty farmers Hundreds Farmers Flevoland Flevoland Nederland 2003-2005 2006-2010 2011-2014 development application upscaling Project Veldleeuwerik Stichting Veldleeuwerik
CONCLUSIONS ABOUT OUR EXPERIENCE - WATERMANAGEMENTIS BASED ON STIMULATION AND COOPERATION - SCALED UP LARGE WATER BOARDS HAVE CENTRAL ROLE ARE INEVITABLE, THINK HOLISTIC AND COUPLE SCIENCE AND PRACTICE - MODERN WATER BOARDS ARE LEARNING ORGANIZATIONS, KNOW THE WHOLE WATERSYSTEM, COOPERATE WITH KNOWLEDGE INSTITUTES AND UNDERSTAND BENEFITS OF PARTICIPATION IN EUROPEAN PROJECTS AND PROGRAMS, COOPERATE WITH MARKET ORGANIZATIONS WWW. ENCORE DRENTHE.NL -THEY EMBRACE THE ENCORE PROGRAM