REFLECTION ON MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES. Guido Heijdra MSc MCM CMC Associate Professor Water and Environmental Management

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1 REFLECTION ON MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Guido Heijdra MSc MCM CMC Associate Professor Water and Environmental Management 1

2 CONTENT 1. Introduction 2. Water cycle 3. Water usage 4. Water stress in urban areas 5. Water right 6. Water security 7. Water governance 8. Closing words 9. Debate propositions 2

3 1. INTRODUCTION Guido Heijdra, 1949, living in the delta of the Netherlands M.Sc. in 1976 in CE from Delft University of Technology MCM in 1995 (Master in Change Management) CMC 1998 (Certified Management Consultant) 12 years with Delft Hydraulics (Deltares) in Research and Projects 21 years with Royal Haskoning as International Consultant 13 years with MSM on part-time basis as Associate Professor MSM is an international management school for students and managers from emerging and developing countries 3

Consultant) 12 years with Delft Hydraulics (Deltares) in Research and Projects 21 years with Royal Haskoning as International

4 1. INTRODUCTION Water is the key to life: blue gold! Do we treat water like that? Human beings, human economic activities, nature / ecosystems are using water and are competing now With 7 billion people we mismanage water resources! There is water enough But locally too little or too much or too polluted What to improve and how to manage? 4

competing now With 7 billion people we mismanage water resources!

5 2. WATER CYCLE 5

6 3. WATER USAGE 6

7 3. WATER USAGE For nature 3% [?] For domestic use 8% [9%] between 20 l/day to 750 l/day [360 l/day] Trend: increase For industrial use 20% [14%] Trend: increase For irrigation 69% [77%] : 0.6 for rice, 0.4 for wheat & cotton 1 kg potatoes 900 l, 1 kg wheat 1,300 l and 1 kg rice 3,400 l 1 kg meat 15,000 l The only option is a trend to decrease Overall increase in last century factor 6 while population factor 3 7

20% [14%] Trend: increase For irrigation 69% [77%] : 0.6 for rice, 0.

8 4. WATER STRESS IN URBAN AREAS 8

9 4. WATER STRESS IN URBAN AREAS Since the UN Conference on the Human Environment in 1972 attention for a better management of natural resources Problems: Groundwater use without refill [about 50 %] Low cost recovery [about 25 %] Leakage for major cities [about 50 %] Reliability is decreasing Pollution and limited waste water treatment [about 20 %] New water resources but more expensive to exploit: Reuse of water from treatment plants Rainwater harvesting Desalinated water 9

Leakage for major cities [about 50 %] Reliability is decreasing Pollution and limited waste water treatment [about 20

10 4. WATER STRESS IN URBAN AREAS Sustainable use of groundwater Groundwater for drinking water supply only? IWRM for urban areas in order to meet water right? No change in attitude, behavior, commitment, and willingness, No change in water stress 10

IWRM for urban areas in order to meet water right?

11 5. WATER RIGHT Water right since the UN Water Conference at Argentina 1977: The right to use clean water The right to have a clean environment (sanitation, waste water treatment, groundwater protection) Manage water in a sustainable way (for everyone, for ever): No right to own water For delivery of water, costs are involved An integrated policy for spatial planning, economic development, environment, and water A pro-active action plan with preventive measures with enforcement A monitoring plan for water and environment 11

No right to own water For delivery of water, costs are involved An integrated policy for spatial planning, economic development,

12 5. WATER RIGHT No monitoring No information No learning lessons No improvements in water management No water right! 12

13 6. WATER SECURITY 13

14 6. WATER SECURITY The availability of an acceptable quantity and quality of water for health, livelihood, ecosystems and production coupled with an acceptable level of water related risks like - being affected by diseases due to environmental aspects - or its destructive force of droughts, floods, landslides to people, environment and economy What about? Political leadership Nation wide discussions and financial solidarity Cooperation of government, committees, institutions, universities, private sector Participation with public at large Funding and management from the national government and private sector 14

landslides to people, environment and economy What about?

15 6. PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION 15

16 6. PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION Private Public Limited Company PLC Private Utility Concession Reverse BOOT Joint ownership BOOT Utility Management Lease Contract Management Contract Public Public Utility Ownership of Utility Private 16

ownership BOOT Utility Management Lease Contract

17 7. WATER GOVERNANCE PRINCIPLES Water as a finite and vulnerable resource, is essential for life, development and environment Pollution prevention and polluter pays Water has an economic value Access to clean water and sanitation at an affordable price Users pay with full cost recovery and financial support for the rural areas Water management should be based on: Participation involving stakeholders and users including women Equity : water rights for everyone Transparency : collecting and sharing information and results Subsidiarity in the decision making Think global and act on river basin level 17

support for the rural areas Water management should be based on: Participation involving stakeholders and users including women Equity : water rights

18 7. WATER GOVERNANCE WHAT Integrated water resources management: Interlinkage between spatial planning economic development environment - water 1. Identification, principles, vision, political willingness 2. Trends, scenario s, analysis and a dialogue about results 3. A coherent policy and action plan with commitment of stakeholders 4. Public private investment for needed & innovative infrastructure 5. Decentralized implementation and independent enforcement 6. Monitoring and review Inform and communicate with the public at large 18

A coherent policy and action plan with commitment of stakeholders 4.

19 7. WATER GOVERNANCE No enforcement No laws No policy No principles No sustainable water resources management Sustainable solutions fit within the local context 19

20 7. WATER GOVERNANCE = INCL ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE 20

21 7. WATER GOVERNANCE HOW Generic thoughts for institutionalization of IWRM: Politics: principles of water management Government: What needs to be done (policy legislation finance) Monitor what has been done, collect and share information The local context: participation on how to implement and to manage Private sector: capital investment and operational management Innovation and quality assurance for IWRM through stakeholders: Research institutions, Working Committees and Universities Non governmental organisations and private associations Independent governmental enforcement body Rely on your culture to establish your own IWRM and learn only from cases elsewhere in the world (no copy and paste!) 21

22 8. CLOSING WORDS Probably there is not much new for you Water right, water security, water governance with views and reflection In my country we started 25 yrs again after the delta works After 1000 yrs of struggling, still we learn to adapt Implementation of how to will take time and much effort Water resources management is never finished! The global and local context changes everyday Experiences and changes will lead to new concepts You shape your water culture Water right, water security and water governance need to become part of the culture of Mexico 22

23 8. CLOSING WORDS Thank you for sharing thoughts Wish you fruitful discussions NWP is open for dialogue 23

24 9. DEBATE PROPOSITIONS 1. We mismanage water resources 2. No change in attitude, behavior, commitment, and willingness no change in water stress 3. No monitoring no information no learning lessons no improvements in water resources management no water right 4. No enforcement no laws no policy no principles no sustainable water management 5. Sustainable solutions fit in the local context 6. Rely on your culture to make your own IWRM and learn from cases elsewhere in the world 7. Water right, water security and water governance need to become part of the culture of Mexico 24

INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IWRM AT A GLANCE. Global Water Partnership (GWP) Technical Advisory Committee (TAC)

INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IWRM AT A GLANCE. Global Water Partnership (GWP) Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) IWRM AT A GLANCE Global Water Partnership (GWP) Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) Why is water resources management critical? Population growing Economy growing Constant amount of water in the cycle Increasing