International Research Training Group Sustainable Resource Use in the North China Plain

Transcription

1 International Research Training Group Sustainable Resource Use in the North China Plain Prof. Dr. Reiner Doluschitz Prof. Dr. Zhang Fusuo Dr. Diana Ebersberger Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart China Agricultural University, Beijing

2 Chronology The Cooperation between University of Hohenheim and China Agricultural University 1980: smaller research projects and seminars by German professors : CIAD-project funded by GTZ : Sustainable Agriculture in the NCP funded by BMBF and NSFC : Sino-German Research Training Group Sustainable Resource Use in the North China Plain funded by DFG and Chinese Ministry of Education

3 Problem Statement It takes little insight that the large and still increasing population, the unevenly distributed and rapidly depleting resource stocks, and the widespread deterioration of environmental conditions are inextricably related in China. (UNDP, 2002)

4 Project Outline Problem Situation In the North China Plain, high production intensities and yields entail environmental problems. Research Hypothesis Adjustments in cropping systems provide potential for sustainable resource use on a high yield level. Objectives Analysing and modeling material flows in agricultural systems Optimising and modeling cropping systems Farm level, regional and sectoral assessment of current and improved cropping systems

5 Organisation Project Outline 11 subprojects with Chinese and German project leaders and PhD students/postdocs 3 experimental sites located in the North China Plain (close to Beijing, WuQiao, QuZhou) Qualification Program on Modeling Issues for German and Chinese PhD students block seminars held alternately in Beijing and Stuttgart invitation of international guest scientists Designated Duration 9 years (2 phases, 4.5 years each),

6 Research Area - The North China Plain Dongbeiwang T a i h a n g - m o u n t a i n s Shijiazhuang Zhengzhou River China Y a n - M o u n t a i n s Quzhou Yellow River Hongze- Hebei- Beijing Wuqiao Tianjin River Jinan Weishan-lake Bo-sea Shandong- Henan- Anhui- Jiangsu- Huai- Hai- Y a n g z e - P l a i n Map creation and copyright: Christian Rumbaur, 2007 Lake Yellow Legend North Sea Border of the North China Plain (NCP) Provincial borders Provincial capitals Experiment stations Shandong pennisula (Not belonging to the North China Plain) about km 2 includes at least partially 6 provinces (Anhui, Beijing, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Shandong) about 37 % of national agricultural production (Xiu & Li 1990), major crops: maize, wheat, vegetables specific, complex cropping systems with long tradition and high production intensities diminishing arable land and water resources, heavy loads of pollution (soil, water, air)

7 Research Area - 3 field trials in the NCP Dongbeiwang T a i h a n g - m o u n t a i n s Shijiazhuang Zhengzhou River China Y a n - M o u n t a i n s Quzhou Yellow River Hongze- Hebei- Beijing Wuqiao Tianjin River Y a n g z Jinan Weishan-lake Bo-sea Shandong- Henan- Anhui- Jiangsu- Huai- Hai- e - P l a i n Lake Yellow Legend North Sea Border of the North China Plain (NCP) Provincial borders Provincial capitals Experiment stations Shandong pennisula (Not belonging to the North China Plain)

8 Matter Fluxes Research Topics Soil Science Plant Nutrition Plant Ecology Water balance and nitrate leaching Physics Soil organic matter management Soil Science Nitrogen Deposition Measurement Devices for Greenhouse Gases Nitrification and Denitrification

9 Research Topics Cropping Systems Plant Breeding Crop Science Improved cropping strategies Novel breeding schemes Weed Science Agricultural Engineering Weed management systems Irrigation and fertigation technology

10 Research Topics Economic Analysis und Regionalisation Agricultural Economics Agricultural Informatics Property rights, inputs, knowledge Farm level modeling of sustainable production systems Modeling and regionalisation

11 Intensive Exchange and Cooperation Torsten Müller, Universität Hohenheim ERSEC Conference 8-10 October 2008, Beijing Slide 11

12 Selected Results High yields in winter-wheat/summer-maize rotations can be obtained with optimal managed lower water and fertilizer inputs (N-fertilizer reduced by %, irrigation amount by 30 % ). Under optimised management nitrate leaching into subsoil and groundwater is strongly reduced. NCP is a global hot-spot regarding air pollution with reactive nitrogen species. Trace gas measurement devices are adjusted to local conditions. First better adapted maize varieties were released.

13 Selected Results An integrated Agro-Environmental Information System has been developed and implemented. Reduction of the high nitrogen surplus (on average 200 kg N/ha per year) shows only low impacts on farm incomes. Besides fertilizers, technical service and education of farmers do influence yields. High diversity in land tenure arrangements; laws and policies concerning land-property rights are insufficiently enforced in rural areas.

14 Acknowledgments

15 Thank you for your attention! Torsten Müller, Universität Hohenheim ERSEC Conference 8-10 October 2008, Beijing Slide 15