Passenger Transport Statistic Methodological note May 2016
Index 1. Purpose 2. Scope 2.1. Population scope 2.2. Time scope 2.3. Geographical scope 3. Statistical unit 4. Definition of the variables 5. Stratification and estimators 6. Dissemination
1. Objectives The main objective of this statistics is to provide information about the number of transported passengers in every transport way within the reference period. By type of transport, a distinction is made between city transport (bus and metro), inter-city transport (by road, rail, air and maritime) and special and unscheduled road transport. In order to obtain data for this statistic, INE relies on a survey and/or administrative sources, depending on the type of transport: Bus transport, the information is obtained from a survey directed to city and inter-city transport companies. The main characteristics of this survey are specified in the second section of this document onwards. Rail transport, data are provided by the railway operators (RENFE and other Autonomous companies). Air transport, the number of passengers is provided by Civil Aviation. Maritim transport, the number of passengers disembarked is compiled using the information from State Ports. Passenger transport by road survey 2. Scope 2.1 Population scope The population scope is made up of all the companies engaged in passengers transport by bus and metro. In particular, companies whose main activity is within in the Section H, Transport and Storage and belongs to classes 49.31 and 49.39 of CNAE-2009: 49.31 City and suburban passenger land transport This comprises passenger land transport, city and suburban services, along scheduled routes, with a fixed timetable and stops, carried out by buses, trams, trolleybuses and underground and raised railways. Lines serving the airport or the station and the operating of funiculars and chairlifts where they form part of city or suburban transit systems are also included. 49.39 Other types of land passenger transport This comprises scheduled long-distance bus services, unscheduled coach services for outings, bus services within airports and operating of funiculars, cable-cars, chairlifts, etc. where they do not form part of city or 3
suburban transit systems. It also includes the operation of school buses and buses for employee transport. 2.2 Time scope The reference period is the calendar month. 2.3 Geographical scope All statistical units located within the territory of the Spanish State, and are comprised within the population scope constitute the object of study. 3. Statistic unit The statistical unit can be defined as the element or component of the population under observation and investigation referred to in the tabulation of the data of the statistical aggregates obtained as a result of the surveys. The survey's statistical unit are companies whose main economic activity is the rendering of any of the services included in the population scope. A company is also the informant unit, because, since it is perfectly defined and located, and since it has the accounting and employment data available, the response is provided and homogeneous information is obtained. The company is the smallest combination of legal units that constitutes an organisational unit that produces goods or services, and which has a certain degree of decision-making autonomy, especially in relation to the allocation of their current resources. A company may carry out one or more activities in one or several local units. A company can consist of a single legal entity. 4. Definition of the variables Urban Transport: Transport that travels only along urban or building land or communicates different urban nuclei that are located in the same municipality. Urban transport can be grouped into: - Bus transport: general transport of all types of passengers on buses or coaches with a pre-established route, subjected to preset calendars and timetables, picking up passengers at fixed stops in one same municipal area. An administrative concession is required to carry out this type of transport. Underground: this gathers all passengers transported by metro companies in Madrid, Barcelona, Palma, Sevilla, Málaga, Valencia and Bilbao. 4
Inter-city transport: general transport of all types of passengers on buses or coaches with a pre-established route, subjected to preset calendars and timetables, picking up passengers at fixed stops between different municipal areas. An administrative concession is required to carry out this type of transport. Since January 2009, the following breakdown has been collected by distance travelled, and it has been published since January 2010. Local: transport serving an urban area and the metropolitan catchment area over distances of less than 50 km. Regional: transport serving distances equal to or less than 300 km. not included in local transport. Long-distance: transport serving distances greater than 300 km. Special and unscheduled transport: this gathers special passenger transport and operates unscheduled passenger transport services, which is not restricted to a set route or timetable. Special transport can be grouped into: School transport: this is a geared towards transporting solely schoolchildren or students by bus or coach within the same municipality (city) or between different municipalities (inter-city). Work transport: this only transports homogeneous work groups (workers from the same company, military staff, lines that go to and from airports and train stations to transport the crew. etc.) on buses or coaches between different municipal areas) within the same municipality (city) or between different municipalities (inter-city). 5. Stratification and estimators A stratified tri-stage sample type is used. The types of sampling used for the survey are those normally used in surveys of companies: Autonomous Community: 19 Autonomous Communities. Number of employees: 7 intervals of company employees: 0 employees From 1 to 2 employees From 3 to 5 employees From 6 to 9 employees From 10 to 19 employees From 20 to 49 employees Over 50 employees Main economic activity of the company: scheduled transport and unscheduled transport. 5
Estimators: The estimator for the number of passengers in month m for any scope A, will be: With: V A,m = Σ h Σ k A F h x V kh,m V kh,m= Number of passengers in questionnaire k in stratum h in month m F h = N h/n h with h=1,.,h, raising factor for all questionnaires comprised in stratum h. Where: N h= Number of passenger transport companies from the population in the stratum h n h= Number of passenger transport companies from the sample in the stratum h. It is important to observe that the elevation factors remain fixed during the year. In the case of non-response, the information from units that have not responded is imputed based on different criteria, so that no reweighting tasks are carried out. In order to avoid weariness on the part of informants, and aging of the sample, enabling selection of newly created companies, an annual rotation of 25% of the exhaustive stratum. 6. Dissemination Dissemination of the information is carried out exclusively on a national level, except for city bus transport (information broken down on an Autonomous Community level) and transport by metro (information broken down on the level of seven Spanish cities with metropolitan services that provide data: Barcelona, Bilbao, Madrid, Málaga, Sevilla, Palma and Valencia). 6