PARALOID KM-361 Acrylic Impact Modifier for Window Profiles Description The latest PARALOID KM all acrylic impact modifier has been developed to meet the stringent needs of the PVC profile extrusion industry. PARALOID KM-361 is suitable for use in a wide range of applications where the combination of outstanding natural weathering resistance and high impact strength is required. PARALOID KM-361 is based on our latest acrylic impact modifier technology which is designed to provide an excellent balance of rheological properties in PVC. Chemical/Physical Description PARALOID KM-361 has a core shell structure based on a cross-linked butyl acrylate core with a methyl methacrylate shell. This method of manufacture produces a free flowing white powder with a narrow particle size distribution. Key Properties High impact strength Oustanding natural weatherability Control of melt viscoelasticity o Low stress build-up o Consistent surface finish o Low die swell o Low shrinkage o Reduced or zero plateout Excellent powder properties o Free flowing o Suitable for bulk delivery Processing - Brabender Rheology PARALOID KM-361 promotes the fusion of a PVC formulation to a greater or lesser extent depending of the type of formulation. In comparison with other acrylic impact modifiers, PARALOID KM-361 is in the mid range on a scale between fast and slow fusion. This is demonstrated in the table below which shows the results of a Brabender rheology test using 59 gr. of dry blend, a rotor speed of 50 rpm, and a bowl temperature of 180 C (all modifiers at 6 phr). Fusion Torque Min Torque Equil Torque Fusion Time KM-361 47.7 Nm 25.3 Nm 33.3 Nm 64 s. AIM 1 47.2 Nm 28.8 Nm 33.0 Nm 55 s. AIM 2 42.6 Nm 54.6 Nm 32.4 Nm 68 s. AIM 3 43.8 Nm 23.9 Nm 32.4 Nm 71 s.
Extrusion Processing In trials conducted on a fully instrumented laboratory conical twin screw extruder, using the same modifiers as in the Brabender rheology test, very little difference in processing conditions was observed. Screw Torque Melt Pressure Melt Temperature KM-361 3.85 Amps 21.1 Mpa 179 C AIM 1 3.75 Amps 20.5 MPa 179 C AIM 2 3.60 Amps 20.1 Mpa 178 C AIM 3 3.56 Amps 20.2 Mpa 178 C PARALOID KM-361 has an advantage over other more conventional acrylic impact modifiers in that it minimises the effects of shear stress on the rheology of the PVC. This effect has a number of different benefits including : Low post extrusion shrinkage, Lower or zero levels of plateout, Higher after-aging impact. Impact Properties Impact strength under plane strain conditions (SingleV Notch Charpy Impact) Impact testing under plane strain is a way of measuring the relative brittleness of an extruded PVC profile. The single V notch Charpy test (BS 2782/359) is used to measure impact energy absorption under these stringent conditions. To pass this test, the prepared specimen must absorb a minimum energy of 12kJ/m 2. Tests carried out on extruded PVC modified with PARALOID KM-361.
Impact properties under plane stress conditions (0.1 mm DoubleV Notch Charpy ImpactTest) The RAL standard specifies the use of the Double V Notch Charpy test (DIN 53753) to measure the energy absorbed by the PVC specimen under plane stress conditions. The RAL standard requires an energy absorption of 40kJ/m 2 to pass this test. Evaluations carried out using this test procedure demonstrate the good performance of PARALOIDKM-361 compared to conventional and competitive modifiers. Impact properties using the ER standard test EN12608 This test is carried out on samples cut from mill moulded plates that have been made from granulated PVC profile. It is a single V Notch Charpy test and uses specimen bars of 4mm in thickness. Evaluations carried out using this test procedure demonstrate the good performance of PARALOIDKM-361 compared to conventional and competitive modifiers. Profile Gloss and Colour The mechanical properties of profiles are important but the aesthetics of the profile is also of importance in many applications and markets. As a result of the excellent rheological properties described in an earlier section, profile modified with PARALOID KM-361 has good colour control and a relatively high level of gloss. The colour was measured using a CIELAB D65/10 /SCI. COLOUR KM-361 AIM 1 AIM 2 Gloss 60 36 32 36 L* 91.08 91.05 91.14 a* -0.73-0.68-0.74 b* 2.40 2.20 2.39
POWDER CHARACTERISTICS KM-361 Funnel flowability, seconds 15 Minimum ignition energy, mj 200-300 Minimum ignition temperature, C 420 Layer ignition temperature, C > 400 KST class/value, Bar.m/s. Class 1/120 Particle size distribution On 0.600 mm, max. 7 On 0.250 mm, max. 60 Through 0.045 mm, max. 25 FORMULATIONS PHR S-PVC K66 100 Ca/Zn one-pack* 3.5 Titanium dioxide 4 Calcium carbonate 8 PARALOID KM-361 6 * including process aid Handling Recommendations Under certain conditions, all organic powders can form explosive mixtures with air. PARALOID KM-361 is no different in this respect and has been classified as belonging to the dust explosion class ST1. Risks associated with powders in the class can be mitigated through careful plant design. To ensure safe handling, the appropriate safety regulations should be observed. We recommend that prospective users determine the safe handling procedures necessary for the user's application before manufacturing products. A Material safety Data Sheet (MSDS), outlining hazards and handling methods, is available from your local Rohm and Haas sales office. Plastics Additives NORTH AMERICA Corporate Headquarters Rohm and Haas Company 100 Independence Mall West Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19106-2399 USA Tel: +1 215 592 3000 Customer Service: Tel: 1 800 356 3402 (Toll-Free from Canada and the USA) Fax 1 877 696 9675 (Toll-Free fax from Canada and the USA) Tel: +1 215 592 3117 (from Mexico, Central and South America and the Caribbean) Fax: +1 215 592 2047 EUROPE ASIA-PACIFIC LATIN AMERICA Rohm and Haas France S.A.S. Rohm and Haas Chemicals Rohm and Haas Quimica Ltda. 185, rue de Bercy Singapore Pte Ltd Av. das Nações Unidas, 75579 PARIS Cedex 12 250 Ayer Merbau Road 12.551-13º andar Jurong Isalnd Edificio WTC - World Trade Center Brooklin Novo
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