FABRIC INDUSTRY Having the largest share in Turkish industrial production, the textile industry is one of the first established industries in Turkey. The sector comprises 19 thousand manufacturing companies and employs about 441 thousand employees. The fabric industry as a subsector of the huge Turkish textile industry has improved significantly in recent years, since the Turkish clothing and home textile industries have had a significant role in the world s clothing and home textile markets in the last two decades. The Turkish fabric finishing sector has a level of processing all the capacity of grey fabric. This sector is equivalent to the European Union in terms of processing capacity, modern technology, qualified workforce, and especially product quality. Today, the Turkish fabric industry has competitive advantages in international markets, particularly in terms of its technology, extensive product range and the quality, design and creativity of its products. In addition to its well-developed structure, it employs a highly skilled labor force. Also, the Turkish fabric industry has great flexibility and ability to modernize its production, and adapt itself to new technologies. This ability allows the industry to reduce its reaction time to changes in consumer demand in international markets. Thus, the Turkish fabric industry satisfies its customers by meeting all their needs with the quality of its products together with its strong service ability of quick response and on-time delivery. All these features have enabled Turkish fabric manufacturers and exporters to earn a good reputation in international markets. PRODUCTION The Turkish fabric industry, which produces almost all kinds of fabrics for apparel, home textiles, upholstery and technical applications, has a well-developed structure, especially in production based on cotton, wool and man-made raw materials. A large amount of fabric production is based on cotton. The fabric industry based on cotton consists of two segments. One is composed of large scale companies which have production facilities integrated vertically in all stages of fabric production, from fiber processing, spinning and weaving to dying, printing and finishing. Many of them also have manufacturing facilities for ready-made goods such as clothing or home textiles. The other one is composed mainly of non-integrated companies on a small scale. These companies cooperate with the Turkish finishing industry, which is one of the vital sub-sectors of the Turkish textile industry. The sector meets its raw material needs mostly from domestic sources. As an important world cotton grower, Turkey ranked eighth in the world production of cotton with around 858 thousand tons in 2012/13 term. Although Turkey is among main cotton growers in the world, domestic cotton does not meet the production demand of the country. Therefore, Turkey is the second largest cotton importer after China. As well as the cotton textile industry, the Turkish man-made textile sector is also a welldeveloped industry. Having the eighth largest capacity of synthetics in the world, Turkey has a large production potential for synthetic fabrics based especially on 100% polyester and polyester blends with cotton, viscose, nylon, polyamide, wool, linen and/or multiblends of them. 62% of the companies in this sector have finishing plants and 75% of their raw material needs are met by domestic production. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Economy, 2014 1
Being the third largest mohair producer in the world, Turkey also has a strong wool industry. The majority of wool products meet the demand of clothing producers and exporters. The fabric mills are mainly concentrated in Istanbul, Bursa, Adana, Denizli, Kahramanmaras, Izmir, Gaziantep, Tekirdag, Kayseri and Usak. Many of the integrated mills are located in Istanbul, Bursa, Kahramanmaras, Adana and Gaziantep. Today, Turkish fabric manufacturers are aware of the increasing trend in international markets for healthier and more environment-friendly products, and have adapted themselves to these developments. Many Turkish fabric manufacturers have ecological labels for their products. Many of them have best known eco-labels like Oeko-Tex Standard 100, Organic Exchange, GOTS, etc. Turkish fabric manufacturers are aware of the importance of quality, and many have national and international quality certificates. EXPORTS The total value of fabrics exported in 2013 was about US$ 5.6 billion. The main products exported in 2013 were knitted fabrics, woven synthetic fabrics, and woven cotton fabrics. The export values of knitted fabrics, woven synthetic fabrics, and woven cotton fabrics were about US$ 1.7 billion, US$ 1.3 billion and US$ 1 billion respectively. Fabric Exports of Turkey (US $ 1,000) Products 2011 2012 2013 Change 2013/12 Share 2013 Knitted fabrics 1.483.240 1.561.914 1.682.781 8 30,1 Woven fabrics of synth. filam yarn 836.105 876.851 981.458 12 17,6 Woven cotton fabrics, 85% or more cotton, weight over 200 g/m2 559.548 561.159 600.728 7 10,8 Woven cotton fabrics, 85% or more cotton, weight less than 200 g/m2 Nonwovens, w/n impregnated, coated, covered or laminated 285.652 250.024 309.239 24 5,5 226.674 272.355 308.134 13 5,5 Woven pile & chenille fabrics 267.890 262.835 299.491 14 5,4 Woven fab of cotton, less than 85%,mxd with manmade fibre, 168.039 177.085 222.595 26 4,0 Woven fabrics of synthetic staple fibres 210.676 220.937 221.376 0 4,0 Tire cord fab of high tenac yarn of nylon,or polyamide,polyester, etc 199.049 158.900 150.636-5 2,7 Woven fabrics of artificial staple fibres 137.360 134.648 142.515 6 2,6 Textile fabrics impregnated, coated, covered/laminated w plastics, nes Woven cotton fabrics, less than 85% cotton, mxd with manmade fibers, w 110.171 101.155 138.450 37 2,5 130.335 126.377 128.496 2 2,3 Embroidery in the piece, in strips or in motifs 91.094 102.748 110.613 8 2,0 Republic of Turkey Ministry of Economy, 2014 2
Woven fabrics of combed wool or of combed fine animal hair 104.186 94.320 87.779-7 1,6 Woven fabrics of synth. filam yarn 68.053 72.196 75.775 5 1,4 Terry toweling 17.640 19.158 22.991 20 0,4 Textile fabric impreg; painted canvas 21.631 17.266 19.891 15 0,4 Woven fibres of flax 18.279 17.650 18.103 3 0,3 Woven fab of syn stapl fib (< 85% of such fiber),mixed with cotton Woven fab of syn staple fibre (> 85% of such fiber) Woven fab of syn stapl fib (> 85% of such fiber), mixed with cotton 17.923 15.237 16.770 10 0,3 11.745 13.941 15.390 10 0,3 4.721 5.743 6.835 19 0,1 Woven fabrics of cotton 10.478 8.664 6.072-30 0,1 Woven fabrics of coarse animal hair or of horsehair 3.173 6.401 5.850-9 0,1 Rubberized textile fabrics 7.354 4.656 5.002 7 0,1 Woven fabrics of silk or of silk waste 3.292 2.003 2.583 29 0,0 Source: Ministry of Economy Total 4.997.016 5.084.784 5.582.458 9,8 100,0 European countries, including Italy (9,7%), Germany (5,3%), Romania (4,9%) and Ukraine (4,3%), and Russia (14,9%) are the most important markets for Turkey s fabric exports. Major Export Markets in Fabrics (US $ 1,000) Countries 2011 2012 2013 Change 2013/12 Share 2013 Russia 818.015 938.618 834.400-11,1% 14,9% İtaly 471.344 432.318 543.843 25,8% 9,7% Germany 302.210 268.092 296.038 10,4% 5,3% Romania 231.935 229.996 274.425 19,3% 4,9% Ukraine 117.617 139.057 237.695 70,9% 4,3% Bulgaria 149.299 187.078 202.925 8,5% 3,6% Poland 204.084 177.260 186.005 4,9% 3,3% Morocco 142.890 174.845 177.506 1,5% 3,2% Tunisia 154.826 144.305 172.325 19,4% 3,1% United Kingdom 138.523 147.019 167.632 14,0% 3,0% USA 122.864 137.451 144.649 5,2% 2,6% Egypt 116.578 121.907 142.099 16,6% 2,5% Spain 107.895 120.682 126.856 5,1% 2,3% İran 184.610 110.014 120.638 9,7% 2,2% France 127.143 102.610 97.530-5,0% 1,7% Greece 94.957 86.436 95.515 10,5% 1,7% Serbia 78.125 76.875 94.249 22,6% 1,7% Hong Kong 71.518 79.022 83.754 6,0% 1,5% China 48.436 53.101 80.227 51,1% 1,4% İsrael 65.083 70.900 76.980 8,6% 1,4% Others 1.249.064 1.287.198 1.427.166 10,9% 25,6% Total 4.997.016 5.084.784 5.582.458 9,8% 100,0% Source: Ministry of Economy Republic of Turkey Ministry of Economy, 2014 3
TRADE FAIRS OF 2014 All of the trade fairs held in Turkey related to the technical textiles industry are listed at the http://www.fuarrehberi.org.tr website which is an official website of the Union and Chambers of Commodity Exchanges of Turkey (TOBB). Some of the trade fairs related to the technical textiles industry are listed below. TEXBRIDGE Istanbul Textile And Accessories Fair, Istanbul, 26.03.2014-28.03.2014 Fabric (Woven, Denim, Knitted, Yarn, Others) Accessories, Hangers, Computers & Labelling Systems, Labels, Zipper, Button, Snap Fastener TEXBRIDGE Istanbul Textile And Accessories Fair, Istanbul, 29.10.2014-31.10.2014 Fabric (Woven, Denim, Knitted, Yarn, Others) Accessories, Hangers, Computers & Labelling Systems, Labels, Zipper, Button, Snap Fastener 5. DOSSIDOSSI Fashion Show Fair, Antalya, 08.01.2014-13.01.2014 Ready To Wear, Fashion, Fabric, Textile Industry Tecnotextile 2014 İstanbul Technical Textile 2014, Istanbul, 25.09.2014-27.09.2014 Non Wovens, Special Purpose Textile Products USEFUL LINKS Istanbul Textile and Apparel Exporters Associations www.itkib.org.tr Aegean Exporters Associations www.egebirlik.org.tr Uludağ Exporters Association www.uib.org.tr Denizli Exporters Association www.denib.gov.tr Mediterranean Exporter Associations www.akib.org.tr Southeast Anatolia Exporters Associations www.gaib.org.tr Osmanbey Textile Manufacturers Association www.otiad.org.tr Laleli Industrialists and Businessmen Association www.lasiad.org.tr Merter Industrialists and Businessmen Association www.mesiad.org.tr Turkish Home Textile Industrialists and Businessmen s Association www.tetsiad.org Turkish Textile Employers Association www.tekstilisveren.org The Associations of Denim Industrialist s and Businessmen s of Turkey www.denimder.org.tr/eng/ Republic of Turkey Ministry of Economy, 2014 4
Republic of Turkey Ministry of Economy, 2014 5