Current global goals end in 2015 Accès à l Eau potable et à l Assainissement - Vers un objectif mondial post-2015 MDGs Post-MDGs??? Water Target: Halving the proportion of population without safe drinking water Indicator: improved water sources 2015 Partenariat Français pour l Eau 1Paris, 15 janvier 2013 2 Sanitation Target: Halving the proportion of population without basic sanitation Indicator: private sanitary toilets Target Focus Multiple Criteria Minimum Thresholds Indicateurs Household level access Extra household access Sustainability of services 3 4 Source: Tom Slaymaker, WaterAid, JMP, The Hague, Dec 2012 What defines a service? Criterion GC 15 IE 2010 WWG Sufficient quantity Continuity of service Availability Availability Availability Safe for health Quality/safety Aesthetically Quality Quality Acceptability acceptable Time/distance required to collect Suitable for use by all, including disabled and older people (physical) Affordable (economic) Affordability Affordability Non-discrimination (Cross-cutting) (Cross-cutting) Household drinking water service Basic service at Intermediat e service at Availability Quality Rural: existing pre- 2015 JMP definitions standpipe/public tap, or tubewell/borehole on premises Moderate discontinuity (<2 days in preceding 2 weeks) Rural: existing pre- 2015 JMP definitions standpipe/public tap, or tubewell/borehole E. coli < 10 CFU/100 ml year round at source Collection time < 30 minutes for roundtrip including queuing on premises Accessible to all hh members at the times they need it 5 6 Groupes de Travail PFE, Nanterre 1
Extra-household drinking water service Sustainable water (sanitation and hygiene) services Availability Quality Affordability Accountability Financial Sustainability Source Sustainability Basic service in schools Basic service in health facilities (capable of delivering 5lpcpd for all users or min quantity required by WHO per facility type) (capable of delivering min quantity required by WHO per facility type) Rural: existing pre-2015 JMP definitions standpipe/public tap, or tubewell/borehole Rural: existing pre-2015 JMP definitions standpipe/public tap, or tubewell/borehole Water source located on school premises. Water points accessible to all users at all times Water point located on facility premises. Water points accessible to all users at all times % population in poorest quintile whose financial expenditure on water, sanitation and hygiene < 3% of national poverty line (disaggregated by rural and urban) % population using water and sanitation service providers registered with a regulatory authority (disaggregated by rural and urban) Ratio of annual revenue to annual expenditure on maintenance (incl opex, capmanex, debt servicing) AND Ratio of annual expenditure on maintenance (incl opex, capmanex, debt servicing) to annualized value of capital assets % raw water quality tests within national standards for fecal contamination AND Ratio of water production (lpcpd) to total water consumption OR Per capita renewable water resources 7 8 Underlying Assumptions and Principles - Scope Cibles (Targets) Reflect the human rights to water and sanitation, and the concept of progressive realization of the rights Aim for both an increase in o the number of people using water, sanitation and hygiene, and o improvements in their level of service Look beyond the to schools and health centres 9 10 Progressive reduction and elimination of inequalities Target dates Water Sanitation Hygiene 2025 No open defecation 11 Coverage (%) 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 60 15 Advantaged Disadvantaged 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 Year 12 100 2030 Universal basic drinking water in schools and health centres Universal basic drinking water at 2040 Progress towards intermediate drinking water at sanitation in schools and health centres sanitation at Progress towards safe management of excreta handwashing and MHM in schools and health centres handwashing at Source: Clarissa Brocklehurst, Consultant to JMP, The Hague, Dec 2012 Groupes de Travail PFE, Nanterre 2
By 2025: no one practices open defecation, and inequalities in the practice of open defecation have been progressively eliminated By 2030: all schools and health care facilities provide all users with basic drinking water supply and adequate sanitation, handwashing facilities and menstrual hygiene facilities, and inequalities in access have been progressively eliminated everyone uses basic drinking water supply and adequate handwashing facilities when at, and inequalities in access have been progressively eliminated 13 14 15 By 2040: everyone uses adequate sanitation when at, and inequalities in access have been progressively eliminated the proportion of the population not using intermediate drinking water supply at is reduced by half, and inequalities in access have been progressively reduced the excreta from at least half of schools, health centres and households are safely managed, and inequalities have been progressively reduced 16 Drinking water, sanitation and hygiene services are delivered in a progressively affordable, accountable, and financially and environmentally sustainable manner United Nations Secretary General s Advisory Board on Water and Sanitation Post-2015 global goals on Access to Water & Sanitation First analysis of proposals* by JMP groups Gerard Payen Chair of UNSGAB monitoring group 17 18 UNSGAB, Nairobi, 27 Nov 2012 *posted on 22 Nov 2012 on JMP website Groupes de Travail PFE, Nanterre 3
19 Post 2015 targets After 2015, should countries target: universal access to improved water sources (the second half) or access to a better level of service with quality, time, affordability, availability criteria (for those who already benefit from access to improved water sources) or both? Probably both 20 Human Right compliance 3.5 bn? Intermediate threshold Basic threshold MDG indicator Water and sanitation ladders Drinking water 2bn? 0.9 bn 0.6 bn?bn? bn 2.4 bn 1.5 bn 0.9 bn Population in 2015 GP estimate (to be further validated) Sanitation Human Right compliance Safe mngmt of excreta MDG indicator Adequate threshold Basic? Open defecation Drinking water use JMP draft at 22 Nov 2012 % of population 60% Sanitation at % of population 60% JMP draft 22 Nov 2012 50% 50% 40% 40% 30% 30% 20% 20% 10% 10% 1990 2000 2015 2030 2040 2050 21 1990 2000 2015 2030 2040 2050 22 Excellent work - builds on the MDG experience - ambitious but realistic levels of service (partial HR only) - new names for the more ambitious levels - multiple levels of service (useful to drive action in more countries) - measurability is currently discussed - inclusion of safety, sustainability and equity - initial expectations have started to be condensed into a smaller number of targets Questions on global monitoring - will baselines for households be available in 2015? - will the global monitoring mechanism for measuring biological contamination be available in 2015? - is there a global monitoring mechanism available for schools and health centers? - numbering population through numbering households?? 23 Source:, UNSGAB, The Hague, Dec 2012 24 Source:, UNSGAB, The Hague, Dec 2012 Groupes de Travail PFE, Nanterre 4
Suggestions - Names of levels of service could be further refined to avoid misunderstandings basic sanitation better than adequate, definition of improved should remain unchanged - Simplify. Further condensation of targets is necessary (a single time-schedule for 2 levels per service only?) - A long-term objective of good access to water (compliance with WHO standards and Human Right requirements) should be identified The ultimate goal Proposed Vision safe and sustainable sanitation, hygiene and drinking water used by all Still a huge gap between this aspirational goal and the expected achievements in 2030 or 2040 25 Source:, UNSGAB, The Hague, Dec 2012 26 Source:, UNSGAB, The Hague, Dec 2012 Enjeux pour l Objectif d accès à l Eau Potable après 2015 Quelle ambition? Un accès universel respectant le droit de l Homme parait irréaliste d ici 15 à 20 ans Quelle ambition intermédiaire? Comment motiver les gouvernements pour aller au-delà des sources «améliorées»? Comment faire accélérer les réalisations pour au moins arrêter la dégradation en milieu urbain? 27 28 Enjeux pour l Objectif d accès à l Eau Potable après 2015 Où s exprimer? Sur le site ONU de consultation sur l Eau, et son volet Accès à Eau potable, Assainissement et Hygiène (WASH) Avant le 18 février www.worldwewant2015.org/water/wash 29 Groupes de Travail PFE, Nanterre 5