Art and Design Resource Pack for Primary School Students
Where Learning comes to life The Madame Tussauds Art and Design resource pack has been developed with practising teachers to provide school groups visiting Madame Tussauds Singapore with inspirational work to complete before, during and after their visit This resource pack contains the following: Eight photocopiable student worksheets, which address the following subject areas within Art and Design: What is sculpture? 3D sketching Creating a sculpture Colour in sculpture What is a self-portrait Drawing your own self-portrait Collage Masks and mask-making Four teacher sheets, which include: A history of Madame Tussauds Extension activities with links into other subject areas Learning objectives Studio Secrets Mission A fun and engaging exercise for pupils to complete on the day of the visit Photography All photography featured in this pack is Merlin Entertainments Group and is not for commercial or publicity use Visit Madame Tussauds Singapore website at wwwmadametussaudscom/singapore Tel: 6715 4000 or drop us an email: enquiry@madame-tussaudscom Address: 40 Imbiah Road, Imbiah Lookout, Sentosa 099700 The images shown depict wax figures created and owned by Madame Tussauds
Contents Page Teacher sheets Introduction 1 A brief history of Madame Tussauds 3 Making a wax figure 4 Extension activities: Sculpture(Link to Student worksheet 1-4) 5 Extension activities: Self- portrait (Link to Student worksheet 5-8) 7 Student worksheets What is sculpture? (Worksheet 1) 9 3D sketching (Worksheet 2) 10 Creating a sculpture (Worksheet 3) 11 Colour in sculpture (Worksheet 4) 12 What is a self-portrait (Worksheet 5) 13 Drawing your own self-portrait (Worksheet 6) 14 Collage (Worksheet 7) 15 Masks and mask-making (Worksheet 8) 16
Introduction This resource pack offers relevant and stimulating exercises that fit into key areas of the Art and Design, which brings the subject to life and also provide cross-curricular links to a range of subjects including English, Maths, and Science The sheets have been written for primary school teachers We offer an introduction to waxwork figures, how they are devised and constructed, advice for planning visits, ideas and strategies for what to do during a visit and suggestions for follow up work in linked areas of Art and Design Madame Tussauds Singapore Madame Tussauds Singapore is themed with various star zones including history and leaders, film, music, sports, A-list party and behind-the-scenes We offer an excellent visit to stimulate students imaginations in key areas of Art and Design including Sculpture, Materials and processes, 3D Modelling and Self- portraits The figures at Madame Tussauds Singapore offer school visitors exciting opportunities to approach art and design areas from different perspectives and disciplines, enabling students to get up close and personal with their favourite stars Using the Resource Pack A visit to Madame Tussauds Singapore and the Art and Design resource pack boosts students learning for Art and Design and introduces key areas of the Art and Design subject These classroom resources aim to provide the tools teachers need to deliver exciting lessons in Art and Design in today s classrooms Our intention is to do much of the preparation and planning for you Designed to be flexible, this resource pack offers a range of activities and ideas so that you can select the topics and exercises suited to your students Contents The Madame Tussauds Singapore Art & Design resource pack consist of: 8 Teacher Sheets 8 photocopiable Student Worksheets Extension activities for older students Studio Secrets mission to complete on the day of the visit Teacher Sheet One The images shown depict wax figures created and owned by Madame Tussauds 1
Introduction Teacher Sheets The Teacher sheets set out the learning objectives for each of the Student Worksheets and provide assistance in delivering the various activities, where necessary Suggestions for extension activities and links into other areas are also provided Student Worksheets The Student Worksheets are designed for use in the classroom with some exercises for use at Madame Tussauds Singapore itself and can be easily photocopied As well as key activities to complement Art and Design, the worksheets offer cross-curricular exercises to take the fundamental learnings into other areas of the curriculum A quick guide to the resource Worksheet Number Title Description 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 What is sculpture? 3D-sketching Creating a sculpture Colour in sculpture What is a self-portrait? Drawing your own self-portrait Collage Mask & mask-making Understanding the processes and materials used to create sculpture Investigating sculptures and sculptors Investigating 3D drawing through sketching a wooden mannequin from different angles Applying the 3D sketching process to a human form and applying colour Creating a 3D sculpture from a range of materials Exploring the use of tools to create texture and pattern Applying colour to a sculpture Exploring colour mixing and the use of other materials to create a likeness Understanding and investigating self-portrait and relevant artists Examining facial features and expression in order to create a self portrait Examining the positioning of facial features to create true likeness Creating a timeline to understand and predict how faces change Creating a self-portrait collage to portray personality, interests and information about the artist Creating a self-portrait mask Applying colour to the mask to represent skin tone and the use of additional materials in decoration Subject Checklist Primary school Art and Design Teacher Sheet Two Exploring and developing ideas Investigating and making art, craft and design Evaluating and developing work Knowledge and understanding Full details of the learning objectives relating to each of the activities and student exercises are provided on the Teacher Sheets The images shown depict wax figures created and owned by Madame Tussauds 2
A brief history of Madame Tussauds Marie Grosholtz (later to become Madame Tussaud) was born in 1761 in Strasbourg, France, two months after her father s death Her mother took a job as a housekeeper in Berne for Philippe Curtius, a doctor who was skilled at modelling wax to create anatomical figures In 1767 Marie moved with her mother and Philippe Curtius to Paris where Curtius opened his first exhibition At a time when visual media such as cinema and TV did not exist, people flocked to the exhibition to see for themselves what the famous people of the time looked like Dr Curtius taught Marie the art of wax sculpting from an early age and she demonstrated natural flair Soon she was sculpting her own figures of many of the prominent people of the era Marie s skills came to the attention of Louis XVI s sister and Marie was invited to live at and work in the palace of Versailles Marie spent nine years at court and whilst there created figures of Louis XVI and his family In 1789 Dr Curtius asked Marie to return to Paris Once back in Paris the French Revolution erupted and Marie was asked to make death masks of the prominent figures who were executed, including Louis XVI and his wife Marie Antoinette Marie herself was imprisoned by the revolutionists but escaped the fate of the guillotine In 1794 Curtius died and Marie inherited the exhibition However the exhibition struggled in the economic decline following the revolution and Marie decided to take the exhibition to England where it was a great success Marie and her husband, Francois Tussaud, toured the British Isles with the exhibition for years In 1822 the ship carrying the figures was wrecked on a crossing to Ireland but fortunately some of the figures were saved At the age of 74, Madame Tussaud decided to settle the exhibition permanently at the Baker Street Bazaar, very close to the present site Marie continued to work at the exhibition until her death in 1850 Her sons and grandsons continued the business and in 1884 decided to move the exhibition to its present site Over the years there have been several disasters which the exhibition has had to cope with A fire in 1925 destroyed many of the figures but fortunately the moulds were saved so new figures could be cast, and in 1940, on the first night of the Blitz, 352 head moulds were damaged beyond repair, although ironically Hitler s figure remained unscathed! Actual wax portrait of Madame Tussaud herself Teacher Sheet Three The images shown depict wax figures created and owned by Madame Tussauds 3
Making a Wax Figure For most visitors to Madame Tussauds Singapore, wax figures are startling, three-dimensional likenesses of all manner of people but little is known about how the figures are actually created This is because the studios can never be visited - apart from by the subjects who come to be modeled in the private, purpose-built area At the sitting, the sculptor has the opportunity to take precise measurements with a tape measure and calipers, and to photograph the subject s head and body from every possible angle During the sitting the sculptor also makes the allimportant observations that will convey personality and character as the sculpture progresses A moulder is responsible for making a plaster negative from the sculptor s portrait, and great care must be taken to avoid damaging the precious clay original Once the wax head has been cast it requires eyes, hair and colour Eyes are made individually to exactly match the colour and detail of the subject, human hair is inserted strand by strand into the wax scalp and colour is carefully applied to bring the face and features to life The final assembly of the figure is supervised by the sculptor and wardrobe mistress When a figure enters Madame Tussauds Singapore, the studio remain closely concerned with its appearance and like every other figure it will undergo an early morning routine of checking and cleaning before the attraction opens each day This rigorous attention to detail is constantly maintained and continues to uphold the high standards for which Madame Tussauds is famed Teacher Sheet Four The images shown depict wax figures created and owned by Madame Tussauds 4
Sculpture: What is Sculpture? Section Notes on Student Worksheet 1 This worksheet introduces the concept of sculpture and the various techniques and materials it encompasses You may wish to introduce the topic via a class discussion to ascertain levels of student understanding The sequence of pictures showing how Madame Tussauds creates its sculptures can be used to encourage sequential writing and to demonstrate processes The pictures can be used as a storyboard against which the students can record the method employed by Madame Tussauds This process can also form a model for students to refer to when they make their own sculpture Activity 2 This activity offers a multi-cultural dimension Students could be asked to explore sculptures from different origins and cultures to explore the choice and use of indigenous materials, for example the use of stone to form the Easter Island statues and rainforest artefacts Students should be encouraged to use a variety of references, including library resources and the internet Extension Activities Students could be asked to look for examples of sculpture in their own home or to research local sculptors by investigating sculptures they find in the local area They should consider the types of materials used and the reasons why these materials were selected Encourage students to record their findings in a table or spreadsheet They could also take photographs or draw sketches of sculptures that they find to add to their portfolio Subject Links History Geography Design & Technology Learning Objectives To collect visual and other information to help pupils develop their ideas To explore materials and processes used in art, craft and design and how these can be matched to ideas and intentions To understand the roles and purposes of artists, craftspeople and designers working in different times and cultures Sculpture: 3D Sketching Section Notes on Student Worksheet 2 This worksheet encourages students to think about objects in 3D form and consider representation of objects from differing viewpoints Students can be encouraged to experiment with a range of different sketching and shading techniques (including the use of different leaded pencils to achieve appropriate shadings) Ideally, students should have one wooden mannequin between two, however if this is not possible, they can work in larger groups with the mannequin clearly visible to all Learning Objectives To record from experience and first-hand observation and to explore ideas for different purposes To collect visual and other information to help develop ideas, including using a sketchbook Activity 2 This exercise incorporates life drawing skills, encouraging pupils to sketch the human form by focusing on a specific pose Activity 3 Students may wish to create a complete colour sketch of their character or item Alternatively pupils could simply label the sketch to indicate the colours to be used on the individual parts Teacher Sheet Five The images shown depict wax figures created and owned by Madame Tussauds 5
Sculpture: Creating a Sculpture Section Notes on Student Worksheets 3-4 These worksheets assist students in making a finished 3D sculpture Students are encouraged to think about choice of materials, texture and colour to ensure the finished model is an accurate likeness of the item or character selected If students are modelling from a pliable material, they must be encouraged to mould their sculpture (including arms and legs) out of a single piece of material Additional methods of modelling/sculpture can be offered for more able students, dependant on available materials and tools Alternative sculptures can be made in 3D form by using wire Old coat hangers can be unbent and reformed into sculptures Chicken wire (which can be bought in various formats), can be used for sculpture structure work and then papier-mâchéd over All wire work will require additional teacher help with cutting and bending the materials into shape Completed classroom sculptures can be displayed, next to the item they were modelled from, so other class members can compare work Extension Activities Photographs of the sculptures can be displayed in the classroom or on the school website (where applicable) This could be undertaken as part of an exercise using a digital camera Students can create a storyboard to demonstrate how they made their sculpture They can be encouraged to look at the Creating a Sculpture worksheet supplied with this resource as stimulus and perhaps create their own poster to demonstrate their work Subject Links English Science Design & Technology Learning Objectives To use a range of materials and processes to investigate visual and tactile qualities of materials and processes and to match these to the purposes of their work To develop control of tools and techniques To explore colour, pattern and texture Worksheet 4 Colour in sculpture To compare ideas, methods and approaches in their own and others work To adapt their work according to their views and describe how it might develop further Additional Idea Section Notes Students can create a storyboard to demonstrate how they made their sculpture They can be encouraged to look at the Creating a Sculpture worksheet supplied with this resource as stimulus and perhaps create their own poster to demonstrate their work Subject Links English Learning Objectives To explore a range of starting points for practical work To record from experience, imagination and first hand experience Teacher Sheet Six The images shown depict wax figures created and owned by Madame Tussauds 6
Self-portrait: What is Self-portrait? Section Notes on Student Worksheet 5 This worksheet is designed to examine closely what makes a face unique Pupils should be encouraged to become aware of their features in order to progress to replicating that image in a self-portrait Activity 1 As an introduction to self-portrait students can be encouraged to use both library and internet resources to research the named artists Activity 2 Encourage the use of creative language amongst students when completing this activity You may wish to introduce this exercise through a class discussion, perhaps encouraging the students to study your face and describe a variety of expressions using adjectives If you have expression cards use these to stimulate student vocabulary by asking students to guess or describe the expression shown Subject Links English History Learning Objectives To understand the roles of artists and designers in different times and cultures To record from experience and firsthand observation To explore themselves as a starting point for practical work Self-portrait: Drawing your own self-portrait Section Notes on Student Worksheet 6 Activity 1 These portraits can be used as the basis for the mask-making exercises on Student Worksheet 4 and as such should be drawn to scale Students should be asked to form pairs and take detailed measurements of each others heads Students could be encouraged to think about how artists use colour to show meaning in their work and consider which colours would tell people about themselves Students may also want to focus on a personal experience and include it within their picture Activity 2 This activity will probably require a letter home to parents, asking permission for their children to bring into school any photographs and personal items Family photographs and other treasured items will need to be photocopied so that originals can be returned safely with the child the same day Students must place or draw their pictures in chronological/sequential order and date the pictures Key events could be included on the timeline in order to provide a historical context Subject Links History Mathematics Learning Objectives To record from experience and firsthand observation To explore themselves and their experiences as a starting point for practical work To work on projects in two dimensions and to adapt and develop their work according to their views Extension Activities Students could be asked to look for examples of sculpture in their own home or to research local sculptors by investigating sculptures they find in the local area They should consider the types of materials used and the reasons why these materials were selected Encourage students to record their findings in a table or spreadsheet They could also take photographs or draw sketches of sculptures that they find to add to their portfolio Teacher Sheet Seven The images shown depict wax figures created and owned by Madame Tussauds 7
Self-portrait: Collage Section Notes on Student Worksheet 7 Again, a letter home to parents should be sent in advance of this activity being undertaken and any necessary photocopying of treasured items made ahead of the lesson Additional help with cutting may be required A pictorial reference to Madame Tussaud is provided on Teacher Sheet 3, however students should be encouraged to research their own references using library resources or the internet You may wish to ask them to use a pictorial reference to Madame Tussaud rather than use their own picture Activity 3 When visiting Madame Tussauds Singapore, encourage students to collect items from the trip for later use in the Madame Tussaud collage they will create Items such as ticket stubs, free literature and photographs from the trip could be used Students could again be encouraged to research France on the internet or in the library and use their findings to help theme their Madame Tussaud collage Extension Activities Encourage the study of artists such as Matisse, who famously worked with collage and cut-out paper shapes to produce his works Subject Links History English Design & Technology Learning Objectives To collect visual and other information to help pupils develop their ideas To use a variety of methods and approaches to communicate observations ideas and feelings To use a range of materials and processes Self-portrait: Mask-making Section Notes on Student Worksheet 8 Activity 1 In addition to the methods of colour and decoration outlined, students could be encouraged to look through magazines to find examples of colour that matches their skin tone They can use these cuttings to create a collage base to their mask Assistance may be required to cut out eye and mouth holes in the mask Students can also be encouraged to use real props, such as hair clips and combs Assistance may also be required securing the wooden stick to the base of the mask Extension Activities Encourage students to investigate the use of masks in different cultures (in celebration and ceremony for example) This would provide a cross-curricular link to social studies Students can also be invited to research, via reference books or the internet, the use of masks historically, providing a link to the History Curriculum Subject Links History Learning Objectives To investigate visual and tactile qualities of materials and processes and to match these to the purposes of their work To use a range of materials and processes and develop control of tools and techniques To explore colour, pattern, texture, line and tone and how these elements can be combined and organised for different purposes Teacher Sheet Eight The images shown depict wax figures created and owned by Madame Tussauds 8
What is Sculpture? Sculptures can be made from many different types of materials At Madame Tussauds Singapore we use wax for our sculptures This helps us to create the best likeness of the celebrities we are modelling Other materials can also be used in sculpture These include wood, plastic, clay, metal and even ice! Activity One a) Match the following materials with the word which you feel best describes its properties Glass Metal Clay Sponge Strong Transparent Absorbent Mouldable b) Sculptures may also be made from other materials such as concrete Find the names of other materials that might be used Think of words to describe these materials Here is how we create our sculptures 1 2 5 3 4 Search Engine Keywords: Sculptor Sculpture Materials Modelling Activity Two Look at the pictures and make notes on how Madame Tussauds create their figures Find pictures of sculptures in magazines, books or on the internet Cut out or sketch the sculptures that you find and record the name of the sculptor Investigate which materials the sculptor has used Worksheet One The images shown depict wax figures created and owned by Madame Tussauds 9
3D Sketching At Madame Tussauds our guests are allowed to walk up to their favourite celebrity figure and walk around them It is important for us to create a true likeness from all angles Activity One 1 2 3 Using a wooden mannequin, sketch the figure from the front Now move your mannequin Sketch how it looks from a sideways angle Move the wooden mannequin to a reverse facing position Sketch how the mannequin looks from behind 4 Move the mannequin into some different positions and sketch them too Keep a portfolio of your sketches Activity Two Now that you have practiced 3D drawing with a wooden mannequin, choose somebody you would like to make a sculpture of It can be a famous sports, music or TV personality, or a friend Decide on the pose for your sculpture For example, kicking a ball or singing into a microphone Find different references or ask a friend to pose in that position a) Start by sketching the pose from the front b) Now create a sketch of the same pose from the side c) Now draw a sketch from behind d) Add the necessary details to your sketch to make your person recognisable Activity Three Create a colour sketch of the person you have chosen to refer to when you make your sculpture Search Engine Keywords: Angles Likeness Sketch Portfolio To do this, you can use: powder paints watercolour paints coloured pencils felt tip pens Worksheet Two The images shown depict wax figures created and owned by Madame Tussauds 10
Creating a Sculpture Once you have a portfolio of 3D sketches, you are ready to create your sculpture You will need a pliable material (such as plasticine, playdough or clay) These materials are easier to mould into shape You could also use modroc or papier mâché Activity One a) Create a 3D sculpture from your sketches If you are able to choose the material to use, think about which would be best Think about the texture of the item Should the surface of your sculpture be smooth or rough? Use tools to help create the texture and patterns you need by digging into the smooth surface If you are sculpting with plasticine, clay or play-dough, use your fingers to smooth over the joins If you are using play-dough or plasticine, you can experiment with different colours to create a marbled effect, or even to create new colours b) When your sculpture is complete and you are happy with its likeness to your 3D sketches, leave it somewhere safe to dry Search Engine Keywords: Pliable 3D Texture Pattern Remember: Don t forget to refer back to your 3D sketches to make sure you create a likeness from all angles Worksheet Three The images shown depict wax figures created and owned by Madame Tussauds 11
Colour in Sculpture If you have sculpted your model from clay, papier mâché or modroc, your sculpture will now need painting You can use: poster paints readimix coloured paper fabrics Activity One a) Choose the method or methods that will give the best texture for your sculpture b) Refer to your colour sketch to apply colour to your sculpture c) Can you guess which colours are made by mixing the colours shown? d) Experiment with colour mixing and record your findings in a table If you are using paints, you may need to mix several colours together to get the shade or colour you want By adding a little paint at a time, you create new shades Yellow Blue Red Blue Green Yellow Red White Black Lighter shades may be created by adding your colour to white paint When we describe colour we say that reds are warm colours and blues cold Activity Two Now that your sculpture is complete, compare it to your original sketches a) Is there a good likeness between your original sketches and the completed sculpture? b) If not, why not? Do you think you could have selected a more suitable material to model with? Worksheet Four The images shown depict wax figures created and owned by Madame Tussauds 12
What is a Self-portrait? The wax models that you see in Madame Tussauds are known as wax figures or portraits because they are an exact likeness of a famous person The face, hair, height and body-shape are all copied exactly A self-portrait is when an artist attempts to create an artistic likeness of himself Many famous artists have created self-portraits A portrait can tell you many things about a person It can show you what fashions were like at the time, how people lived and it can also tell you about important events that happened at the time Activity One Select one of the above artists and investigate their self-portrait work What name did they give to their self-portraits? Self-portraits created by: LS Lowry, Picasso, Van Gough and Salvador Dali Activity Two a) Describe your classmate s face On a separate piece of paper record the following details: 1 What colour eyes do they have? 2 What shape are their eyes? 3 What is their hair like? 4 How would you describe its style? 5 What are their teeth like? 6 What is their skin tone? 7 What is the shape of their mouth like? 8 What is their expression? What else do you notice? b) Practice pulling a happy and sad face How does your face change with your expressions? What happens to each of your features as you change from a sad to a happy face: Happy face Sad face Eyes Mouth Nose Worksheet Five The images shown depict wax figures created and owned by Madame Tussauds 13
Drawing your own Self-portrait Activity One Use a mirror to help you to draw a self-portrait With this you can create your own self-portrait Follow instructions 1,2,3 and 4 Remember to keep looking in the mirror to help you a) Once you have finished, look at your picture Does it look like you? If not, why not? Which features do you think you have drawn incorrectly? b) Swap portraits with the person sitting next to you Does their portrait look like them? If not, why not? Which features do you think they have drawn incorrectly? 1 2 Draw a horizontal line to show the level of your eyes 3 Draw a vertical line of symmetry Draw 5 ovals across the eye line 4 Draw a second line to mark the bottom of your nose Draw a third line to show where your mouth appears Activity Two Collect photos of yourself or family members Describe the differences in clothing styles, hairstyles, facial expressions and age a) Study photographs of yourself from when you were a baby How have you changed? b) Draw a timeline of yourself, as a baby, when you first started school and as you are now Keywords: Portrait Self-portrait Likeness Expressions Worksheet Six The images shown depict wax figures created and owned by Madame Tussauds 14
Collage Using a self-portrait you can create a self-portrait collage Before you begin this activity you will need to bring into school a collection of your favourite mementos from home These could include: Family photographs Photographs of friends Favourite postcards Magazine articles Favourite pop group pictures Autograph collections Photographs of your pets Theme park tickets Activity One a) Take a photocopy of the self-portrait You may also want to photocopy any items (such as family photographs) which need to be returned b) Carefully cut out the photocopy of your face with a pair of scissors c) On a large piece of card, create a background for your collage You can draw or paint your background or use wrapping paper, comics, magazines or newspaper d) Now stick the cut-out of your self-portrait to the card e) Lastly, stick your mementos to the background of your collage Activity Two Write a short paragraph describing your favourite mementos and explain why they are special to you Activity Three Search Engine Keywords: Portrait Self-portrait Likeness Expressions Worksheet Seven Draw a picture of Madame Tussaud and create a portrait collage During your visit to Madame Tussauds Singapore think about what you might include on your collage For example your Madame Tussauds Singapore Full Experience ticket and photographs you have taken on the trip You could also add items which relate to her job and her life, for example a piece of candle wax or pictures of France where she was born The images shown depict wax figures created and owned by Madame Tussauds 15
Masks and Mask-making Madame Tussaud, the creator of Madame Tussauds, began her business by making wax masks During the French Revolution she created masks of important people of the time Masks are used in many different cultures for lots of different reasons They can be used in religious practices, in celebration and at carnivals, such as the famous Venice Carnival Activity One When decorating your mask you might want to use poster paints to colour your skin tone, or props including different coloured wool to stick onto your mask for hair Here are some extra materials you might want to add to your mask: Coloured beads Glitter Pipe cleaners Silver foil Coloured fabrics 1 2 Trace or take a photocopy of the self-portrait you have already created in Worksheet Two 3 Stick your picture to a piece of card and cut around the outside 4 Now cut out holes for the eyes and mouth Ask your teacher to help you Now you can decorate your mask however you like! 5 To make a handle for your mask, tape a wooden lolly stick or a thick piece of card to the base Worksheet Eight The images shown depict wax figures created and owned by Madame Tussauds 16