GMS: Rehabilitation of Railway in Cambodia

Environmental Monitoring Report Monthly Report February 2014 GMS: Rehabilitation of Railway in Cambodia Prepared by, for the Ministry of Public Works and Transport, the Kingdom of Cambodia, and the Asian Development Bank.

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 1 March 2014) Currency unit riel (KR) KR1.00 = $0.000251 $1.00 = KR3,980 ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank CSC construction supervision consultant EMP environmental management plan GMS Greater Mekong Subregion IEE initial environmental examination MPWT Ministry of Public Works and Transport NR national road PIU project implementation unit PPE personal protective equipment RRL railroad line NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars unless otherwise stated. This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA MINISTRY OF PUBLIC WORKS AND TRANSPORT RAILWAY REHABILITATION MANAGEMENT OFFICE ADB LOAN NO 2288-CAM [SF], OFID P1125 ADB LOAN NO 2602, AUSAID GO187 GMS: REHABILITATION OF RAILWAY IN CAMBODIA ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT No. 29 February 2014 NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. In association with JARTS

Table of Content Page 1. General Background... 2 1.1 Project overall... 2 1.2 Project progress... 2 1.3 Purpose of the report... 2 2. Environmental Monitoring Program... 3 2.1 Scope of works... 3 2.2 Methodology... 3 3. Results of Environmental Monitoring... 4 3.1 Reviewing on Environmental Report of TSO, SINOHYDRO... 4 3.1.1 Summary of Contractor s Environmental Report... 4 3.2 Field monitoring by CSC/Local Environmental Specialist... 4 3.2.1 Southern Line... 4 3.2.2 Northern Line... 9 4. Summary and recommendations... 9 4.1 Summary... 9 4.2 Recommendations... 10 List of Annex ANNEX 1: Environmental Monitoring Matrix... 11 ANNEX 2: Status of EMP Compliance... 14 Environmental Monitoring Report 28, February 2014 Page 1

1. General Background 1.1 Project overall The GMS Rehabilitation of the Railway in Cambodia (RRC) involves two lines, Southern Line and Northern Line. Southern Line connected from Phnom Penh to Sihanoukville with total length of 265 km, and Northern Line connected from Phnom Penh to Poipet (Thai border) with total length of 386 km. The project is under management of Ministry of Public Works and Transport (MPWT). The design and construction supervision consultant is NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD in association with JARTS. The construction contractor for RRL1 (Southern Line) and RRL2 (Northern Line) is TSO-AS & NAWARAT Joint Venture (France and Thailand), but for RRL1, JV partners were changed to TSO-SPCC Consortium since October 21, 2011). 1.2 Project progress The project activities include design, platform improvement, bottom ballast relay, sleeper and track relay, sleeper tamping, top ballast relay, welding (for Southern Line), and rehabilitation/reconstruction some culverts in both lines, rehabilitation of bridge in SL, and reconstruction of drainage system in Sihanoukville Station. Site observation for SL in this month indicated that all work activities including maintenance works was completed on 25 January, 2014 as well. However, base course activities have been constructing at Sihanoukville Container Terminal inside Sihanoukville Port. The specific work outputs for this period are presented as follows: RRL-1: Rehabilitation of Southern Line, the track from Bifurcation to Sihanoukville Port was connected. From June 2013, most of the civil works were substantially completed. Taking over certificate as of 15 July 2013 was issued on 10 August 2013. ICB3-W3: Welding of P43 rails on SL: The works under the original scopes and integrated rail management under Variation Order No 3 were totally completed. ICB3-W17: Construction of Sihanoukville Container Terminal is on-going. The actually site works was fully started in August 2013. The works in February 2014 are mostly embankment, and production of interlocking concrete blocks (ICB) near the construction site within the Port of Sihanoukville. To the end of February 2014, the work progress achieved progress was only 20% and the accumulated progress to the end of February 2014 was approximately 35%. 1.3 Purpose of the report As full implementation of the IEE procedure of the project, the Environmental Specialists of Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC) have two main roles as following: - Supervise the monitoring of implementing mitigation measure of the contractor during the construction stage; and - Submission of the Environmental Monitoring Report (EMR) to MPWT-PIU and ADB. Environmental Monitoring Report 28, February 2014 Page 2

The environmental monitoring report is to follow up the contractor s implementation on environmental mitigation measure in construction stage as stated in EMP and other environmental safeguards in construction contract documents. Guidance and instruction will be prepared to enforce the contractor to follow the environmental mitigation measure as stated in IEE report and construction contract documents. 2. Environmental Monitoring Program 2.1 Scope of works The major tasks for the environmental monitoring in construction stage include: Field monitoring on contractor s environmental mitigation measure performance in both project lines (Northern and Southern lines); Guidance to Contractor s personnel on environmental monitoring aspect, in the field practice; Recommend to TSO, SINOHYDRO to implement all EMP as stated in IEE report and other environmental safeguards in construction contract documents; and Instruct TSO/SPCC, SINOHYDRO to take an action to mitigate or rectify on other issues that find out. 2.2 Methodology At this stage, mainly site observations are conducted for monitoring the implementation of environmental mitigation measures: Site monitoring: Use environmental monitoring matrix, borrow pit matrix, hearing (directly ask the question to the project workers and people living nearby the project sites), and visual: During the field observation on environmental mitigation measure that implemented or rectified by contractor (TSO/SPCC and SINOHYDRO), the CSC/Environmental Specialist used the environmental monitoring matrix for construction phase (Annex1). Visual and hearing methodology also has been applied for other environmental monitoring items, and degree of impact have be recorded and photograph to proof the impacts (good or bad) are used. Environmental Monitoring Report 28, February 2014 Page 3

3. Results of Environmental Monitoring 3.1 Reviewing on Environmental Report of TSO, SINOHYDRO Referring to the specification was reported that the contractors must prepare the monthly progress report for submission to CSC/Local Environmental Specialist for reviewing and taken action to minimize reverse environment, whereas contractors did not prepare this report. 3.1.1 Summary of Contractor s Environmental Report For this month there is no Environmental reports has sent by the contractors (TSO, SINOHYDRO), although we have suggested them to include the environmental issues in their monthly progress report based on the contraction. During that time, the maintenance activities of TSO/SPCC was completed on 25 January, 2014, while embankment work activities at Sihanoukville Container Terminal is completed and on-going sub-base and base course construction activities. 3.2 Field monitoring by CSC/Local Environmental Specialist The task work includes follow up on the environmental issues and monitoring on environmental activities of the contractors (TSO/Sinohydro) in both project lines (SL and NL), and investigation on other environmental items that had been occurred by the project construction activities. The field observation was conducted on 2-3 March, 2014 at Southern Line for ICB3-W17: Construction of Sihanoukville Container Terminal, while the other line at the Northern Line is not activity, and TSO stopped all the activities and moved all project s equipment from the site since 21 July 2012. The environmental issues and environmental mitigation measure were described in following paragraph, and the field recorded is included environmental compliance (the detail in Annex 2). 3.2.1 Southern Line Site observation was carried out at the Southern Line, since it is located in the Port Authority of Sihanoukville (PAS) for ICB3-W17: Construction of Sihanoukville Container Terminal, at there, sub-base and base course construction activities was done. The results of environmental condition can be described in following: 1. Leaks and spills of hazardous material: Improper oil/fuel container storage at Sihanoukville for ICB3-W17: Construction of Sihanoukville Container Terminal (photo 1), the contractor (SINOHYDRO) should have provided a suitable tank. At the workshops and storage area of Sihanoukville Container Terminal construction was observed that (i) improper oil/fuel drum storage, (ii) insufficient housekeeping. Environmental Monitoring Report 28, February 2014 Page 4

Photo 1 : leakage of lubricant oil at SHV Photo 2 : Construction material storage at SHV 2. Soil erosion: In generally no sign of soil erosion for Southern Line during the site monitoring in this month, due to the site activities was finished for operation phase at the end of January 2014 from Kampot to Sihanouk stations and most of the embankment are covered by vegetation that naturally grew and grass planted by contractor since July and August 2012. On the other hand, at the site construction of Sihanoukville Container Terminal, it is accelerated works base course activity due to this month is the dry season. Therefore, this area the soil erosion may be not occurred at the place. Photo 3 : At Takeo Station Photo 4: Base course activity at ICB3-W17 3. Borrow pits/quarries: By February 2014, it is observed that no all borrow pits activities were used as construction materials for Southern Line project. 4. Water quality: During field observation there was not signed of water laden into the rice field or water body nearby the embankment of the railway, due to the implementation phase was completed. At construction of Sihanoukville Container Terminal, top of sub grade activity is also nearly complete for ICB3-W17. 5. Air pollution: Based on the field observation can be noted that no dust and emission air from any polluted sources. Environmental Monitoring Report 28, February 2014 Page 5

6. Noise disturbance: Noise and vibration come from the construction machineries at inter locking concrete block maker is loudly outside to the residential area; however, earplug protection were provided to workers who are working at the place. Furthermore, base course still have been done at Sihanoukville Container Terminal and at daytime only, photos 5 & 6. Photo 5 & 6: SINOHYDRO s workers worked at inter locking concrete were provided ear plug 7. Waste management: The workshops and storage areas in Kampot station have been cleaned. The platform space in Sihanoukville is well cleaned after removing of the workers camps. However, the solid waste management at Sihanoukville Container Terminal is still poor managed and strewed on the space around the site photo 7 & 8. Photo 7& 8: Poor waste management at SHV ContainerTerminal Photo 9 & 10: Workshop in Sihanoukville (ICB3-W17) Environmental Monitoring Report 28, February 2014 Page 6

8. Liquid waste generation/drainage: In generally no sign of liquid waste generation from the project during the site monitoring in this month, most of the work activities were completed at Kampot and sihanoukville stations due to the maintenance stage were completed at all. For ICB3-W17 at Sihanoukville, however; no bathroom and toilet facility, the workers are always bathing or excreting at improperly place in the open space in the construction site (photos 11&12). Therefore contractor should have provided properly bathroom/toilet facility at there. Photo 11: Temporarily bathroom at SHV for construction workers Photo 12: No toilet at SHV, workers always go to excreting here. 9. Traffic problem: During the field observation, the monitoring team did not see any traffic congestion as well as accident that caused by the project activities. 10. Damage road and bridge: Damaged culvert or bridge was not found on date of field environmental monitoring. 11. Adequacy of facilities/equipment for workers: SINOHYDRO s workers/staffs that are working at Sihanoukville Container Terminal were provided this kind of PPE to all workers/staffs (photo 13&14). Photo 13&14: SINOHYDRO s workers were provided PPE at all 12. Safety: Generally, the workshops and storage places have been equipped with extinguisher capacity of 8kg (at least 2 bottles), but in the workshops and storage Environmental Monitoring Report 28, February 2014 Page 7

places of Construction for Sihanoukville Container Terminal have not equipped with extinguisher, however; first aid kits were provided insufficiently (photo 15), according site observation and question to the leader of group worker. SINOHYDRO s workers whom are working at inter locking concrete were provided ear plug for prevention the noise disturbance from their machinery at the place. Photo 15: First aid kits were provided (ICB3-W17) Photo 16: Water bottle were provided at construction site (ICB3-W17) Photo 17: Base course activities at SHV (ICB3-W17) Photo 18: Inter locking concrete activities at SHV (ICB3-W17) Basically, the certificate of mines/uxos clearance completion and the mine/uxos clearance completion must be submitted the report to the project director of GMS: Rehabilitation of Railway in Cambodia before the project implementation, which stated that mines/uxos had been removed and destructed with no accident encountered. Unfortunately at SHV Container Terminal subproject there are two suspected unexpected Ordnances in excavation activity on 8 th November 2013 at the site work, but these issues were resolved already. 13. Construction-related complaint: No any complains by letter/verbal from villagers/local authorities had been occurred during this observation. 14. Other issues: During this month no any issues has happened. SINOHYDRO CORPORATION LIMITED s representative has promised with CSC/Environmental Specialist that they will provide PPE at all to the workers who are working at inter locking concrete block maker. On the other hand, first aid kits were Environmental Monitoring Report 28, February 2014 Page 8

provided, but insufficient medical equipment, and equipped with extinguisher will be install if possible. 3.2.2 Northern Line No activity in the Northern Line, TSO stopped all the activities and moved all project s equipment from the site since 21 July 2012. The environmental condition is same as September 2012. 4. Summary and recommendations 4.1 Summary The result on environmental monitoring in February 2014 can be concluded as following: (1) During that time, it is also observed, the project has no significant impacts on the environment and people as well. The implementation of the above mitigation measures reduces the occurrence of the following negative impacts: damage to existing structures, dust generation control, generation of wastes, safety and health, traffic congestion, while the generation of employment is enhanced. (2) No sign of soil erosion during the site monitoring during this month. (3) No sign of water laden into the rice field or water body nearby the embankment of the railway. (4) At Container Terminal construction site are poor managed of solid waste, because no garbage bin had been provided. (5) There is not traffic problem during site monitoring. (6) Workers/staffs of SINOHYDRO were equipped with PPE at all, e.g. workers whom are working at inter locking concrete at SHV Container Terminal such as ear plug, gloves and mask see the above photos. (7) CSC had coordinated with SINOHYDRO s staffs to deal with environmental issues that occurred during the implementation stage. Environmental Monitoring Report 28, February 2014 Page 9

4.2 Recommendations As requirement of the EMP in IEE report and missing environmental mitigation measure or environmental improvement of Contractors during construction stage as well as the comments from ADB on EMR, the CSC s environmental specialist recommends in following points: 1. Contractor must daily control scheduling of construction activities such inter locking concrete at SHV Container Terminal to avoid any noise and vibration to villagers who living around the project area, doing locking concrete should only be done in day time; 2. Contractor must provide immediately eye glass, and musk to workers/teams are working with interlocking concrete block maker regulator machine as well as the workers whom are working around the machinery; 3. Contractor must immediately provide adequate/sufficient PPEs/safety tools to all project workers/staffs in appropriated working place/type, and ensure all the workers are properly use PPEs during working time. The workers no wearing properly PPE are not allowed to work in construction site; 4. Contractor must immediately provide adequate first aid kits to construction site; 5. Contractor must immediately inform any risks of mines or UXO are necessary during earthwork and do good cooperation with local de-mining authority CMAC or other local de-mining agency to deal on this issue; 6. Proper storage of toxic materials like fuel and oil; 7. Regular collection and disposal of spoils and excavated materials to designated location to avoid sedimentation/siltation of nearby water bodies; 8. Contractor should have provided/equipped with extinguisher capacity of 8kg (at least 2 bottles) to each construction sites. Environmental Monitoring Report 28, February 2014 Page 10

ANNEX 1: Environmental Monitoring Matrix Environmental Monitoring Report 28, February 2014 Page 11

Project name: GMS: REHABILITATION OF THE RAILWAY IN CAMBODIA Environmental Monitoring Matrix (Construction Phase) Location: Kampot Station and Sihanoukville Container Terminal Inspection Date: 3-4 March 2014 (for February, 2014) Name of Inspector: Bun San No. Description Impact Location Extent 1 Mitigation Measures Degree 2 Remarks 3 1 Hazardous wastes Fuel storage area; Storage area is sited away from generation; possible Construction site of SHV watercourse, drains 4 leakage and spillage of Container Terminal hazardous material (Workshop & Storage Storage area has concrete floor, bund/dike, material) wall; pallets are used 1 N Hazardous wastes handling and management training 2 Safety signal, posters 2 Cleanup equipment and procedure are in place 3 2 Soil erosion Construction sites; Earthwork area 3 Borrow pit/quarry hazards Borrow pit/quarry areas (see separate matrix for all pits) 4 Water quality; sedimentation 5 Water quality: floating wastes Project site Project site 6 Air quality: dust generation Project site; Access road; Community 7 Noise Project site 8 Solid waste generation Project site; Workshop Key person in charge 3 Slope design Compaction re-vegetation Slope Depth (m) Perimeter fences Warning signs Dust-generating activities away from waterways 4 Drain discharges have low (suspended) solid 4 Proper waste disposal 2 Waste management training 2 Cleanup 2 Water spray 4 Environmental Monitoring Report 28, February 2014 Page 12 N N N M N Covers on transport materials, storage area 3 Mask for workers 2 Ear muffs for workers 1 Insulation/muffler for noisy equipment 2 Noisy activities at daytime only 2 Solid waste management training for workers 2 Garbage bins are in place 1 Embankment at the site of SHV container terminal. No need construction material from borrow pit at RRL1.

No. Description Impact Location Extent 1 Mitigation Measures Degree 2 Remarks 3 9 Liquid waste generation Project site; Worker camp 10 Traffic problems Access road; Level crossing 11 Damage to roads, culverts, bridges 12 Adequacy of facilities/equipment for workers Roads; culvert; bridge Project site 13 Safety issues Project site N N N Disposal site/method identified 3 Signage, posters 2 Key person assigned 3 Liquid waste management training for workers Sanitary toilets for workers Functional drainage canals Signage, posters Key person assigned Signage, directions 4 Workers camps were moved away due to the project completion. Traffic barrier 4 Traffic management plan 4 Proper planning/preparation Immediate repair of damaged structures Potable water supply 2 No toilet facility at SHV Container Washing/bathing water supply 2 Terminal construction site Sanitary toilets 1 Comfortable sleep/rest quarters 2 Information/training 3 First aid kits, and equipped with extinguisher capacity of 8kg were Signage, posters 2 not equipped at the site Safety tools for workers 4 First aid kits 2 14 Possible conflict with Project site; workshop Coordination with communities/leaders 3 communities and N Key person assigned 3 complaints from residents Documentation and resolution of complaints 3 Note: 1 - Describes the magnitude of impact: write N-nominal/minimal; M- moderate; E- extensive 2 - Describes the quality of mitigating measure: write 5- excellence; 4- very good; 3- good; 2- poor; 1- very poor 3 - Provide specifics/details on problem identified (e.g., exact location, specific concern, etc.), additional necessary mitigation measures and corresponding target date of implementation, and other observations. Environmental Monitoring Report 28, February 2014 Page 13

ANNEX 2: Status of EMP Compliance Environmental Monitoring Report 28, February 2014 Page 14

Status of EMP Compliance (Construction phase) Project Activity Potential Environmental Impacts Proposed Mitigation Measures Status of Compliance Embankments, site clearing, piling works, and construction wastes to spoil sites 1. Dust generation The Contractor will be required to formulate and implement a Dust Abatement Program that includes spraying of water on roads and work areas within villages close to the road in the coming dry season. Vehicles transporting materials should be covered with tarpaulin or similar material Regular sprinkling of water is being done. Base course as potential source of dust and noise is far from the project area. 2.Noise and vibration The Contractor should consider proper scheduling of construction activities particularly in sensitive areas. Acoustic barriers or enclosures for working areas should be provided No complaints from the people have been received so far as proper scheduling of works is being done. Environmental Monitoring Report 28, February 2014 Page 15

Project Activity Potential Environmental Impacts Proposed Mitigation Measures Status of Compliance 3. Water contamination Waste/used oil should be collected, properly stored and disposed to an approved site (according to national standard). Storage should be in drums raised off the ground and properly covered to keep rain water out. Lining or pan should be provided to contain any spills and simplify clean up. The contractors were also advised to improve oil/fuel storage facilities. The Contractor shall prepare a Spill Management Plan (including measures to be taken and equipment to be used) to ensure adequate cleanup of any spills 4. Loss of agricultural land for borrow pits The contractor will use only licensed borrow operators. There will be no side borrow permitted, unless agreed to with roadside residents. Being complied. 5.Generation of wastes Sufficient garbage containers should be provided in construction camps and work sites Poor waste management at construction site in SHV port for ICB3-W17. Employ regular disposal of waste in an approved landfill or site at SHV Container Terminal Maintain cleanliness/orderliness at workshop and work sites 6. Safety and Health The Contractor should formulate and implement a Health and Safety Plan to protect both the public and the workers. A trained first aid personnel and health facility should be provided on site. PPE should be provided to workers at all Facilities such as toilet, bathroom, first aid kits, and potable water are provided to workers. Provide potable water and sanitary facilities to workers Install warning signs like safety first at the Environmental Monitoring Report 28, February 2014 Page 16

Project Activity Potential Environmental Impacts Proposed Mitigation Measures Status of Compliance construction area Provide Protective Personal Equipment (PPE) to workers e.g. safety shoes, hardhats, earplugs, etc. 7. Risk of land mine or UXO Consultative meetings with local communities are necessary to know clearly where there are risks of mines or UXO. Guidelines have been issues and contractors are proceeding with necessary screening. Taken into account The demining group investigated the presence of UXOs UXOs found at SHV Container Terminal site were removed as an emergency measure. The contractor sent the team back to the area. This should be done and a Clearance Certificate will be issued upon completion. Environmental Monitoring Report 28, February 2014 Page 17