Cleaner Shipping Environmental regulation Challenges and possibilities for consultants Leif Jacobsen Department Director Marine Grontmij l Carl Bro 1
Cleaner Shipping Grontmij l Carl Bro Environmental regulations Challenges Possibilities Green Ship of the future Ballast water treatment Regulations to come Content 2
Grontmij Carl Bro Grontmij Carl Bro is part of the Dutch company Grontmij, Europe s fourth largest consultant engineering company. The group s total turnover is EUR 800 million (2009). Grontmij employs approximately 11,000 employees in 300 departments in Europe and in 50 offices in the rest of the world. 3
Maritime services in Grontmij Carl Bro Grontmij Carl Bro are experts in maritime advice, including creating efficient, safe and environmentally friendly transport at sea Our customers are shipyards, ship owners and public institutions. We work nationally as well as internationally with an office in Shanghai Grontmij Carl Bro s Marine Department offer following services: Ship design Maritime Management Services Ship Inspection Specialized Services 4
Shanghai Office - GMCB GMCB has been in Shanghai since 2002 The office employs mechanical engineers, electrical engineers, technical assistants and naval architects Detail design and supervision is done from our Shanghai office Besides a local Danish General Manager the office has a staff of 12 5
SHIP DESIGN 6
Gas Carriers 7
Norgas Innovation 8
Grontmij l Carl Bro BC-Designs DIAMOND 53, DIAMOND 34, SEAHORSE 35 and SEAHORSE 60 Designs SEAHORSE 20 Design 9
Diamond 53 and 34 10
Flex Supply - PSV 70 M - Platform Supply Vessel Meets high standards for safe and environmental sea tarnsportation Prepared for: - Fire Fighting - Stand-by operations - Oil spill - Deep water operations 11
Cleaner Shipping - Challenges New Regulations International New regulations Regional New Equipment Just in time Future regulations Green Ship as a Brand 12
Cleaner Shipping - Possibilities Brand as The Green Ship Consultant Business area Integrator of Green Technology Suppliers Market driven developments, eg. NOx, SOx, CO2 Regulations driven developments, eg. BWT Knowledge about future regulations 13
NOx emission standards 14
NOx limits vs. engine RPM 15
Sulphur content of fuel 16
Sulphur content of fuel 17
Emission Concept Study 35.000 DWT Bulk Carrier SEAHORSE 35 18
Green Ship of the Future GREEN SHIP of the FUTURE (GSF) : Danish Maritime Network works to reduce emission from ships 30% reduction of CO 2 90% reduction of SO x 90% reduction of NO x GSF will present two demonstrator vessels at the BRIGHT GREEN Exhibition in connection with the COP15 Climate Conference held in Copenhagen December 2009 19
List of primary modifications Speed nozzle/optimized propeller Twisted spade rudder with Costa bulb Water in fuel (WIF) Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) Waste Heat Recovery system (WHR) Exhaust Gas Scrubber Ducted/direct air intake for main engine Optimised coolers and cooling pumps 20
Emission reduction normal at sea annual basis % % total ship FO consumption -7,7-7,2 CO2 emission -7,7-7,2 SOx emission -98,7-98,6 NOx emission -81,6-79,1 PM emission -90,9-86,0 21
Additional weight (estimate) 160 t Additional cost (estimate) USD Speed nozzle/optimized propeller 700.000 Twisted spade rudder with Costa bulb 160.000 Water in fuel (WIF) 200.000 Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) 600.000 Waste Heat Recovery system (WHR) 1.250.000 Exhaust Gas Scrubber 1.200.000 Ducted/direct air intake for main engine 20.000 Optimised coolers and cooling pumps 150.000 Auxiliary engine operation on marine diesel oil (MDO) - High capacity fresh water generator 50.000 Installation of Ballast Water Treatment System (BWT) 810.000 5.140.000 Estimated price for a Seahorse 35 is 22-25 mill. USD (Chinese yard) 22
SH-35 Fuel consumption 23
Reducing SOx emissions Alternative methods: To fulfil Marpol annex VI as well as EU commision directive equivalent methods for reducing SOx emission are allowed: Build-on equipment for removal of SOx in exhaust gas. Alternative fuels Possibilities: Scrubber systems Filtering Fuel with low S content Consequenses: Space & power consuming equipment, loss of DW SFOC is affected High fuel cost Limited availability of low S% fuel 24
SW Scrubber installed in SH35 25
Investments mio USD Scrubber 1,08 Water treatment system 0,08 Transport 0,02 Installation 0,03 Commissioning 0,015 Total cost 1,225 Est. cost is based on new build of ship at Chinese Yard 26
Cost scenario for MGO operation HFO price MGO/MDO price 500 USD/ton 700 USD/ton Annual consumption of fuel(main engine) 5600 t Annual consumption of fuel(dg s) Annual fuel cost HFO: Annual fuel cost converting to MGO Annual additional cost for MGO op. 800 t 3,2 mio USD 4,4 mio USD 1,2 mio USD 27
Pay back for SW scrubber solution Total investments Additional fuel to operate scrubber Annual fuel cost, scrubber operation Annual additional fuel cost, DG s on MGO Total annual fuel cost Annual fuel cost if MGO operation Annual fuel cost saving for continous operation on HFO / Scrubber Simple pay back: investment / Saving 1,25 mio USD 110 t/year 0,06 mio USD 0,16 mio USD 3,02 mio USD 3,9 mio USD 0,88 mio USD 1,4 years 28
The international convention of Ballast Water Management Adoption: 13. February 2004 Entry into force: 12 months after ratification by 30 States, representing 35 per cent of world merchant shipping tonnage. Per November 2010, 27 nations representing 25.32% of the world tonnage has signed up. 29
When does the convention apply? 30
Chosen suppliers Venturi Oxygen Stripping, NEI Treatment systems, LLC PureBallast, Alfa Laval AB Hyde GuardianTM, Hyde Marine (Lamor Group) Ecochlor, Ecochlor Inc. Elektro-Cleen, Techcross Ltd. NK-O3 Blue Ballast, NK Company Greenship Sedinox, Greenship Ltd. Unitor, Wilhelmsen 31
Different principles 32
Different principles 33
Advantages/disadvantages Venturi Oxygen Stripping Pure Ballast Hyde Guardian Ecochlor Electro Cleen Blue Ballast Greenship Sedinox Unitor Advantages Reduced corrosion Low power Moderate footprint Low power Low filter backpressure Simple installation Low power Simple installation Low footprint Simple installation Low filter backpressure Simple installation Low power Low footprint Four cleaning types Disadvantages No sediment removal High footprint No sediment removal High power BW transparency necessary High footprint BW transparency necessary No sediment removal Chem. handling High power No sediment removal Chem. handling High power High power Very high price High running costs Ozone and Chlor Possible problems with tank coating 34
PureBallast Alfa Laval AB 35
Cost and energy comparison CAPITAL EXPENCES (USD) NEI VOS NEI Treatment system Pure Ballast Alfa Laval AB Guardian TM Hyde Marine Ecochlor Ecochlor Inc. Electro Cleen Techcross Ltd. Blue Ballast NK Company Ltd. Greenship Sedinox Green Ship Ltd. Unitor Wilhelmsen Purchase 640.000 1.180.000 1.240.000 680.000 805.000 775.000 2.050.000 830.000 Installation 130.000 60.000 140.000 40.000 55.000 40.000 75.000 25.000 Total 770.000 1.240.000 1.380.000 720.000 860.000 815.000 2.125.000 855.000 36
Cost and energy comparison ANNUAL OPERATIONAL EXPENCES (USD) NEI VOS NEI Treatment system Pure Ballast Alfa Laval AB Guardian TM Hyde Marine Ecochlor Ecochlor Inc. Electro Cleen Techcross Ltd. Blue Ballast NK Company Ltd. Greenship Sedinox Green Ship Ltd. Unitor Wilhelmse n Addition al fuel 17.500 7.000 3.000 1.000 3.000 2.000 1.000 2.000 Utilities & Service 10.500 14.000 3.000 17.000 4.000 15.000 16.000 6.000 Total 28.000 21.000 6.000 18.000 7.000 17.000 17.000 8.000 37
Regulations to come CO2 Other Particle emissions Solid Waste, extended Waste Water, extended Bilge Water, oil content Oil Recovery systems 38