Distributed Energy Resource Services and Pricing Caltech Resnick Ins;tute Grid 2020 Seminar Ali Ipakchi VP, Smart Grid and Green Power February 21, 2013
Trade Secret This document and attachments contain confidential and proprietary information of Open Access Technology International, Inc. This information is not to be used, disseminated, distributed, or otherwise transferred without the expressed written permission of Open Access Technology International, Inc. Proprietary Notice All OATI products and services listed are trademarks and service marks of Open Access Technology International, Inc. All rights reserved. Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI. 2012 Open Access Technology International, Inc. 2
WECC Genera;on Addi;ons and Re;rements 2010-2020 WECC Genera;on Capacity Addi;ons By Resource Type 2010-2020 Wind Gas Solar Hydro Geothermal Coal Other 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 WA: 15% by 2020 WECC 2020 Annual Energy Genera;on Type Capacity (MW) OR: 25% by 2025 Nuclear 8% Combined Cycle 16% Combus;on Turbine Cogenera;on Other MT: 15% by 2015 NV: 25% by 2025 UT: 20% by 2025 CO: 30% by 2020 29% Steam - Coal 17% Renewables CA: 33% by 2020 AZ: 15% by 2025 NM: 20% by 2020 25% Conven;onal Hydro Source: 2011 WECC 10 Year Regional Transmission Plan - Executive Summary - Sept. 22, 2011 Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI. 2012 Open Access Technology International, Inc. 3
A Sample CAISO Winter Day in 2020 Source: CA ISO Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI. @2012 Open Access Technology International, Inc. 4
Flexible Resources will be Essential to Meeting the Net Load Demand Curve Flexible Generation Source: CA ISO Demand Response (DR), Storage (electric & thermal), Distributed Generation Flexible Ramp-Up and Flexible Ramp-Down Products/Markets Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI. @2012 Open Access Technology International, Inc. 5
DR/DER: Dancing Partner of VER Balancing Authority / ISO Merchant Operations Grid Operations Variable Generation Management Distributed Resource Management Two-Way Secure Communications Network 2,500 Wind 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 0:00 2:20 4:40 7:00 9:20 11:40 14:00 16:20 18:40 21:00 23:20 1:40 4:00 6:20 8:40 11:00 13:20 15:40 18:00 20:20 22:40 1:00 3:20 5:40 8:00 10:20 12:40 15:00 17:20 19:40 22:00 0:20 2:40 5:00 7:20 9:40 12:00 14:20 16:40 19:00 21:20 23:40 2:00 4:20 6:40 9:00 11:20 13:40 16:00 18:20 20:40 23:00 1:20 3:40 6:00 8:20 10:40 13:00 15:20 17:40 20:00 22:20 0:40 3:00 5:20 7:40 10:00 12:20 14:40 17:00 PEV Solar PV Under Generation Demand Response Thermal Storage Over Generation Storage (Thermal & Electrical) Demand Response Time Variability Fast DR/DER (Balancing Energy) AMI Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI. @2012 Open Access Technology International, Inc. 6
A Typical Distribution Feeder Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI. @2012 Open Access Technology International, Inc. 7 Proprietary and confidenaal. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI - OPEN ACCESS TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Distribution Grid with High Penetration Solar PV Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI. @2012 Open Access Technology International, Inc. 8
Impact of PV Generation on Load and Voltage kw Voltage (pu) 2,000 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200-1.060 1.040 1.020 1.000 0.980 0.960 0.940 0.920 0.900 0.880 Sunny Day Load PV kw Sunny Net Load Sunny 0:00 1:25 2:50 4:15 5:40 7:05 8:30 9:55 11:20 12:45 14:10 15:35 17:00 18:25 19:50 21:15 22:40 Volt No PV Time 0:00 1:20 2:40 4:00 5:20 6:40 8:00 9:20 10:40 12:00 13:20 14:40 16:00 17:20 18:40 20:00 21:20 22:40 0:00 Time Volt Sunny kw Voltage (pu) 2,000 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI. @2012 Open Access Technology International, Inc. 9-1.060 1.040 1.020 1.000 0.980 0.960 0.940 0.920 0.900 0.880 Cloudy Day Load PV kw Cloudy Net Load Cloudy 0:00 1:20 2:40 4:00 5:20 6:40 8:00 9:20 10:40 12:00 13:20 14:40 16:00 17:20 18:40 20:00 21:20 22:40 0:00 Volt No PV Time 0:00 1:15 2:30 3:45 5:00 6:15 7:30 8:45 10:00 11:15 12:30 13:45 15:00 16:15 17:30 18:45 20:00 21:15 22:30 23:45 Time Volt Cloudy
Impact of Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEV): Another Potential for Distribution Congestion Different distribuaon circuits may peak at different Times ResidenAal Commercial Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI. 2012 Open Access Technology International, Inc. 10 Proprietary and confidenaal. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI - OPEN ACCESS TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Solar PV with Coordinated Storage Source: tenk Solar Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI. @2012 Open Access Technology International, Inc. 11
Technical Requirements for Electricity Products Product Response Time / Notice Baseline Estimation Telemetry Real- Time Metering Conventional New Energy Ancillary Services Capacity Seasonal Yes No No Day- Ahead Energy A day Yes No No Real- Time Energy 1 hour Yes No No Interruptible Load 10-30 minutes Maybe No Maybe Reliability Capacity 30 minutes to 2 hrs Maybe Maybe No 30 minute Non- Spin 30 minutes No Maybe Maybe 10 minute Non- Spin 10 minutes No Yes Yes 10 minute Spin 10 minutes No Yes Yes Regulation 4 sec to 5 min No Yes Yes Ramping 5 minutes No? Yes Balancing Energy 5-15 Minites No? Yes Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI. 2012 Open Access Technology International, Inc. 12
Demand-Side Programs to Wholesale Products Non- Dispatchable Voluntary Noti- fication Demand Resoponse Demand- limiting Control Firm Commit- ment Notification Dispatchable Direct Load Control (DLC) Conservation Voltage Regulation Capacity Seasonal May Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Wholesale Products Energy Ancillary Services New Day Ahead Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Real- time Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 30 Min Non- Spin May Yes Yes Yes Yes 10 Min Non- Spin May Yes Yes Yes Yes 10 Min Spin Yes Yes Yes Regulation May Yes May Ramping May Yes May Balancing Energy May Yes May Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI. 2012 Open Access Technology International, Inc. 13
Price Predicament Generation Transmission Transmission Substation Sub- Transmission Distribution Substation Capacity Energy Reserves Regulation Seasonal Cap- Zones Wholesale Market Prices Day-Ahead Real-Time Locational Day-Ahead Real-Time Zonal + Uplifts: Delivery Services Charges Distribution Capacity Charges Power Quality Charges Loss Compensations Incentives & Penalties Etc. Day-Ahead Real-Time Zonal Wholesale Prices Wholesale Products Distribution Fixed TOU CPP/ RTP Net- Feed-in Tired PTR Metering End-Use Consumers Retail Energy Rates DR/DER Services Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI. 2012 Open Access Technology International, Inc. 14
Demand-Side (DR-DER) Integration - Price Signals Need for unbundling Price / Tariff Type Characteristics Energy Usage Charges Demand Charges Supply of Gird Services (Payments/Credits) Fixed / Tired TOU, CPP, PTR RTP Net Metering Feed- In Demand Demand Shape Resouce Adequacy DA/DO Energy Balancing Energy Ancillary Services Ramping - Energy Usage - Energy Efficiency - Non- Dispatchable Resources - Scheduling & Facility Loading - Operational Reliability - Dispatchable Services - Pay- for- Performance - Fixed Incentive / Contract- Based - Distribution vs. Transmission Services - Response Time / Sustained Duration - Measurement & Verification, Settlement Rules Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI. @2012 Open Access Technology International, Inc. 15
Need for the End-to-End Integration Transactive Operations Across the Operations Wholesale Markets Balancing Area Forecasting Market Clearing Settlements Adequacy Assessment System Security System Balancing Power Marketing Transmission Operation Forecasting Scheduling Optimization Settlements EMS SCADA AGC Reserves Management End-User Interfaces Customer Portals Mobile Access DR-DER Management Functions SCADA / DMS CIS Distribution Operation GIS Customer Services MDMS Forecasting Scheduling AMI Secure Broadband / Cellular Wide-Area Communications Utility AMI Communications Industrial Control Systems Building Mgmt Systems Utility Provisioned HAN or Customer Supplied HAN + - Utility Owned Assets Industrial Commercial Generation Transportation Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI. 2012 Open Access Technology International, Inc. 16 Electric Storage Thermal Storage Residential
Thank You ali.ipakchi@oaa.com