Metrics That Matter: Energy Efficiency in Laboratories Pam Greenley MIT EHS Associate Director greenley@mit.edu Steve Lanou MIT Deputy Director, Sustainability slanou@mit.edu
Today Measuring progress of diverse sustainability programs Energy efficiency with EHS in labs A novel approach for measuring and monitoring - from O&M to EE An ideal lab design scenario for maximizing efficiency and safety
What Does Campus Sustainability Mean at MIT? Minimizing our campus energy and environmental footprint Building and supporting our local community Leading by example sharing results Creating a learning laboratory mens et manus Enabling and facilitating broader community goals
Translating Sustainability Into Action Power Production Conservation & Efficiency Sustainable Design Transportation & Operations Waste, Recycling & Composting Community Engagement Educational Opportunities
Current Metrics of Sustainability
Current Metrics of Sustainability
Energy Efficiency Success to Date Utilities purchased for FY12 $30M = < 3% of overall operating budget MIT ENERGY REDUCTION HISTORY update July 27,2012 ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES SAVINGS in mmbtu (million btus) FY2007 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 FY2011 FY2012 Totals Lighting 2,880 925 5,333 4,640 8,062 Steam Traps 27,551 23,796 Continuous Commissioning 10,777 36,393 Variable Speed Drives NW35 5,360 CUP New chillers, Boiler 9, air compressor 10,836 3,216 New buildings Koch, E62, E60, W1 25,447 6,934 Demand ventilation and VSD Hayden Library 6,263 2,284 W70 replace chiller 3,300 46 Air change rate reduction 3,458 NW12 Cooling Loop 2,561 Residence Hall Refrigerator replacement 1,024 Cumulative Energy Savings TOTAL EEMs (mmbtu) 30,430 23,796 11,701 41,725 52,545 30,839 191,038 $$ annual savings $ 570,800 $ 376,413 $ 151,111 $ 614,000 $ 1,793,000 $ 993,940 $ 4,499,264
You can t build your way out 3,500,000 3,000,000 2,500,000 New Buildings AvoidedEnergy Use from New Building Efficiency Reduced Energyin Existing Buildings from EE MMBTUs 2,000,000 1,500,000 NEW BLDGS Code vs As Designed ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES NEW BUILDINGS EXISTING BUILDINGS 1,000,000 Existing Buildings 500,000 Campus Energy Delivered to Buildings - 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Building 18: Collaborative Experimentation
Building 18 Fume Hood Face Velocity Reduction Worked collaboratively with EHS experts to determine appropriate optimization of safety and efficiency Collaborated with leading faculty and researchers Tested range of face velocity rates Consensus rate of 80 feet per minute rate identified Recalibrated 130 hoods in Building 18 to 80 fpm from 100 Building control software modified Air control valves reset Air diffusers adjusted and relocated Certified all hoods to ASHRE 110 standard Results Cost: $306,000 Estimated Annual Savings: $162,000 Simple Payback: 2 years Performance monitored via Cimetrics system Reduced rate now used in new facilities
Four Types of Projects for EHS Involvement New Lab Buildings Koch Institute Single Principle Investigator lab renovation Existing lab building energy conservation project Supervising undergraduate research projects
Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research Mission Integrating biological investigation with engineering technology 40 laboratories, 500 researchers 180,000 sq ft of research and work space 100 hoods, 70 bsc s 35% less energy use/ LEED Gold Research
KI Integrated Design Process EHS brought in early Facilities and EHS agreed to approaches Type of hoods Type of controls Face Velocity Heat Recovery Challenged rules of thumb
Final Lab Ventilation Design EHS related considerations VAV and CV hoods 80 fpm, 18-inch sash height (60 in future) Occupied 6 ACH or hood min Unoccupied 4 ACH or hood min Heat pipe for heat recovery
Other Energy Saving Measures ACH driven by heat load (design 9 w/sq ft, operates 4w/sq ft) Low duct velocity, 1200 vs 2000 feet per minute Segregation of freezers Cascading air from offices to labs Chilled beams in offices
Koch Institute Lessons Learned To Date Researchers questioned containment of quiet hoods Offices in Labs Occupancy sensors needed fine tuning
Looking Forward
MIT Comprehensive Stewardship Group
MIT Comprehensive Stewardship Group
MIT Comprehensive Stewardship Group
Comprehensive Stewardship Group
The Ideal Existing Lab Energy Common Goals Conservation Project Increase energy and material use efficiency Safer Labs (appropriate ventilation) Increased comfort and productivity More educated and engaged through lab level energy use info
Process Steps- Existing Lab Project Scope upgrade hoods, equipment, plenum exhaust with HR, offices out of labs Lab level risk assessment done to determine correct exhaust rates Renovate, Test, Verify Behavior change Set up Building User Group Design verified with computational fluid dynamics
Thank You! Pam: greenley@mit.edu Steve: slanou@mit.edu ehs.mit.edu mit.edu/facilities mit.edu/mitei/campus