PHOTOSYNTHESIS REVIEW SHEET FOR TEST Part A: Match the terms below with the correct description Chlorophyll Chloroplast Electromagnetic spectrum Electron transport chain Grana Light-dependant reactions Light-independent reactions Photon Photosynthesis Photosystem Stroma Thylakoid Packet of solar energy Energy-capturing portion of photosynthesis that takes place in thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts and cannot proceed without solar energy, it produces ATP and NADPH Green pigment that absorbs solar energy and is important in photosynthesis Large, central compartment in a chloroplast that is fluid filled and contains enzymes used in photosynthesis Membrane-bounded organelle with chlorophyll containing membranous thylakoids; where photosynthesis takes place Photosynthetic unit where solar energy is absorbed and high-energy electrons are generated; contains a pigment complex and an electron acceptor Passage of electrons along a series of carrier molecules form a higher to a lower energy level; the energy released is used for the synthesis of ATP. Process usually occurring within chloroplasts whereby chlorophyll traps solar energy and carbon dioxide is reduced to a carbohydrate. Series of photosynthetic reactions in which carbon dioxide is fixed and reduced in the chloroplast. Synthesis portion of photosynthesis that takes place in the stroma of chloroplasts and does not directly require solar energy; it uses the products of the light dependant reactions to reduce carbon dioxide to a carbohydrate
Part B: Answer the following hodgepodge questions about photosynthesis 1. Explain the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs. Give two examples of each. 2. Below draw a molecule of ATP. Label: ADP, adenosine, adenine, ribose, phosphate groups, chemical bond that would be broken if energy needed to be released. 3. Below draw a diagram of chloroplast and label the following: chloroplast membrane, thylakoid, granum (grana), stroma, thylakoid membrane, thylakoid innerspace, location of chlorophyll. 4. Explain why chloroplasts are green. (use the correct information from the electromagnetic spectrum) 5. Explain how temperature, intensity of light and water affect the rates of photosynthesis? 6. What is NADPH? What is the difference between NADP+ and NADPH? How does NADP+ turn into NADPH? 7. Write the equation for the process of photosynthesis, in words and chemical notation. 8. What are the reactants and products of Light Dependant Reactions? Where in the chloroplast do they occur? a. Reactants: b. Products: c. Location: 9. What are the reactants and products of Light-Independent Reactions? Where in the chloroplast do they occur? a. Reactants: b. Products: c. Location:
Part C: Light Dependent Reaction The Light Dependent Reactions of photosynthesis occur on the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast. Diagram the process below and narrate the process using the lines below.
Part D: Light Independent Reaction The light-independent reaction takes place in the stroma, Diagram the process below and narrate it. Use it to answer the next set of questions.
Part E: Answer the following questions about the Light Dependent and Independent Reactions 1. Every time a photon is absorbed in the chlorophyll a 2 electrons are excited. They are not recycled. Where does the supply of electrons come from and where do they end up at the end of L-D set of reactions? 2. What products result specifically from Photosystem I and Photosystem II? 3. When a water molecule is split, what is it split into? Where do all the resulting components end up? 4. At what steps of L-D reactions is ATP made. What is it specifically used for? 5. Describe the action of protein carrier: ATP synthase? Explain why is it important to build up a Hydrogen ion concentration gradient in order to have it properly function? 6. What is the Light-Independent Reaction often called? 7. Why is there a need to go on with Light Independent reactions? Why not stop with the Light Dependant Reactions since ATP and NADPH are energy carrying molecules? 8. Where does the Carbon Dioxide come from? What will happen to it and what will it eventually become? 9. How many molecules of carbon dioxide enter one Calvin Cycle? 10. What 3-C compound is produced to make glucose? 11. Where is glucose made? 12. We broke up the Calvin Cycle into 3 parts and gave them titles Regeneration, fixation, and Reduction. Put them in order and briefly explain what happens in each. 13. What are the steps of the Calvin Cycle where ATP is needed and how many are used per turn of the Calvin cycle? Possible Bonus Question on the test: What is photorespiration? Why is it different and why can it lead to problems in plants?