Solar Resource & Radiometry Tasks in Antofagasta, Ph.D. aitor.marzo@uantof.cl Mauricio Trigo, Mg. Tania Varas, Mg. Antofagasta, January 14nd, 2015
Index Introduction to Solar Radiation Measurements Climates and Solar Resource in Región de Antofagasta Tasks of the CDEA Radiometry Area 2/15
Introduction to Solar Radiation Measurements
Why Measure Solar Radiation? Radiation measurements are used for the following purposes: (a) To analyze the properties and distribution of the atmosphere with regard to its constituents; (b) To verify satellite radiation measurements and algorithms; (c) To satisfy the needs of biological, medical, agricultural, architectural and industrial activities with respect to radiation; (d) To know the solar resource for solar technologies Why is exact knowledge of the solar resource so important for solar technologies? -> High impact of the annual irradiation on the LEC (Levelized Electricity Costs) -> Irradiation is a crucial parameter for site selection and plant design and economics of plant 4/15
Solar Irradiance and Atmosphere Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI) Diffuse Horizontal Irradiance (DHI) Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI) Relationship between the three components: GHI DHI DNI cossza Units: [W m -2 ] or [W m -2 nm -1 ] 5/15
Climates and Solar Resource in Región de Antofagasta
Climates of Región de Antofagasta * Climate Height Annual T mean Rainfall min max d Cloudy Desert > 0 m 13 C 22 C ±7 C 1.7 mm Normal Desert > 1000 m 8 C 21 C ±25 C 3.1 mm High Desert* > 2000 m 5 C 24 C ±20 C 5.6 mm High Steppe * > 3000 m 5 C 24 C ±20 C 68 mm * South American Monsoon (Austral Summer) 7/15
Cloudiness in the Región de Antofagasta Antofagasta PSDA Calama San Pedro de Atacama [Ministerio de Energía 2011] 8/15
Irradiation in Región de Antofagasta Antofagasta 2120 kwh/m 2 yr PSDA 2500 kwh/m 2 yr Calama 2630 kwh/m 2 yr San Pedro de Atacama 2610 kwh/m 2 yr [Ministerio de Energía 2011] 9/15
Antofagasta in the Global Solar Resource Map Atacama Desert >2 500 kwh/m 2 (GHI) >3 000 sunshine hours per year 10/15
Tasks of the CDEA radiometry area
Present of CDEA Radiometry Area Handling and maintenance of radiometric instrumentation Validation and calibration of instrumentation. Comparison of ground measurements data against models derived from satellite data. SOILING: Dust impact on optical properties (DLR) Measurement of the atmospheric attenuation in solar thermal tower plant (PSA-CIEMAT & UAL) 12/15
Outlook of CDEA Radiometry Area Solar Spectral Irradiance measurement campaign (SERC, USACH) Solar resource assessment at high altitudes for supplying power to astronomical observatories Direct Solar Spectral Irradiance [W/m 2 nm] 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 Spec2-a Test 0.0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 [nm] Surface temperature and radiative flux for CSP technologies Provide support for the different research areas 13/15
If you want to walk fast, walk alone, if you want to walk far, walk together! African Proverb
Thank you for your attention, CDEA-UA aitor.marzo@uantof.cl Mauricio Trigo Tania Varas Antofagasta, January 14nd, 2015
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