American Society of Military Comptrollers Professional Development Institute May 26 29, 2015 Financial Management and Program Management: Integration and Intersections D e b r a E. H a h n D e b b i e. H a h n @ d a u. m i l 703-8 0 5-2 8 3 0 1
Program Management Project Management: The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities in order to meet or exceed stakeholder needs and expectations; typically technical in nature with a defined beginning and end. Program Management: The management of a related series of projects [a program] executed over a broad period of time, and which are designed to accomplish broad goals, to which the individual projects contribute; typically business and technical in nature and my be a an ongoing effort DoD Acquisition Context: The development, production, deployment of a new system which meet the technical requirements within the limits of cost and schedule requirements approved by the Decision Authority which meets the needs of the ultimate User. 2
Program Management Financial Management Earned Value Management Cost Estimating Schedule Technical Cost 3
Program Management Financial Management Earned Value Management Cost Estimating Schedule Risk Technical Cost Program Management is Managing Risk 4
Acquisition Program Baseline The contract between Milestone Decision Authority and Program Manager regarding cost, schedule, and technical performance 5
Interrelationships Financial Management Earned Value Management Cost Estimating Ktr Performance MS APB/PMB Decisions Cost Schedule Technical EAC ACTUALS (ACWP) PLAN (BCWS) WORK-VALUE (BCWP) Estimate What-If BOE 6 POM-BES Execution Measurement Obs & Exp
Interrelationships Cost Estimating Ktr Performance MS Decisions APB/PMB Cost Schedule Technical EAC ACTUALS (ACWP) PLAN (BCWS) WORK-VALUE (BCWP) Estimate What-If BOE 7 POM-BES Execution Measurement Obs & Exp
Interrelationships Earned Value Management Ktr Performance MS Decisions APB/PMB Cost Schedule Technical EAC ACTUALS (ACWP) PLAN (BCWS) WORK-VALUE (BCWP) Estimate What-If BOE 8 POM-BES Execution Measurement Obs & Exp
Interrelationships Program Management Ktr Performance MS Decisions APB/PMB Cost Schedule Technical EAC ACTUALS (ACWP) PLAN (BCWS) WORK-VALUE (BCWP) Estimate What-If BOE 9 POM-BES Execution Measurement Obs & Exp
Interrelationships Financial Management Ktr Performance MS Decisions APB/PMB Cost Schedule Technical EAC ACTUALS (ACWP) PLAN (BCWS) WORK-VALUE (BCWP) Estimate What-If BOE 10 POM-BES Execution Measurement Obs & Exp
Interrelationships Financial Management Earned Value Management Cost Estimating Ktr Performance MS Decisions APB/PMB Cost Schedule Technical EAC ACTUALS (ACWP) PLAN (BCWS) WORK-VALUE (BCWP) Estimate What-If BOE 11 POM-BES Execution Measurement Obs & Exp
Decision Factors Financial Management Earned Value Management Cost Estimating Decision How much does it cost? Can we afford it? Can we do it? Cost Estimating Financial Management Earned Value Management 12
Purposes Financial Management Earned Value Management Cost Estimating Financial Management: Has two major activities; budget development and budget execution; requesting the level of funding need to achieve mission requirements and the distribution and consumption of the allocated funds while with measuring the effectiveness of the financial execution process. Earned Value Management: A system to measure contractor planned cost, schedule, and technical performance to their actual performance; identifies their cost and schedule efficiency along with providing data to estimate their future cost and schedule performance. Cost Estimating and Analysis: The process of analyzing program attributes/requirements to develop the estimated cost of the program while identifying cost drivers and key parameters thus allowing for What if analyses. 13
Decisions & Problem Solving Financial Management Earned Value Management Cost Estimating Type 1: Problem can be clearly defined Clear (right or wrong) solutions Type 2: Problem can be clearly defined Multiple right solutions Straight Forward Complex Solution Process: 1. Define Problem 2. Determine Alternatives 3. Analyze Alternatives 4. Determine Solution 5. Implement Solution Type 3: Problem can not be clearly defined No right or wrong solution Dynamic Wicked Problem Solution Process:? 14
Characteristics of a Wicked Problem No definable problem Unique, one-of-a-kind problem; no historical perspective Problem cannot be bound; entwined with other problems Problem cause changed based on perspective Multiple interrelated factors Implementing solution changes the relationship between the factors Dynamic problem; problem is a symptom of another problem No definite solution DoD Weapon System Acquisition Difficult, if not impossible, to measure success Solutions are judgment calls Multiple measures of success Has a social context; multiple stakeholders with differing objectives Each possible solution has good and bad aspects; no right or wrong solution Implementing a solution leads to unforeseen consequences; another problem Wicked Problems tend to occur in organizations which undergo constant change 15
Solving Wicked Problems Financial Management Earned Value Management Cost Estimating Problem? 16
Decision-Making & Problem Solving Problem Solving Process Inputs Define the Problem Develop Alternatives Determine Solution Implement Solution Outputs Input Changes Process Changes 17
Critical Thinking Limits 18
Decision-Making & Critical Thinking Inputs Define the Problem Develop Alternatives Determine Solution Implement Solution Outputs Input Changes Process Changes 19
Critical Thinking (Paul & Elder) Points of View Purpose of the Thinking Implications and Consequences Assumptions Elements of Thought Question the Issue Information Concepts Interpretation and Inference 20
Critical Thinking (Paul & Elder) Standards Points Of View Purpose of the Thinking Implications and Consequences Assumptions Elements of Thought Question at Issue Information Concepts Interpretation and Inference 21
Critical Thinking (Paul & Elder) THE STANDARDS Clarity Precision Accuracy Significance Relevance Completeness Logicalness Fairness Breadth Depth Must be applied to THE ELEMENTS Purposes Inferences Questions Concepts Points of view Implications Information Assumptions 22
Program Management Tools Financial Management Earned Value Management Cost Estimating Program Management Program Program Management Financial Management Earned Value Management Cost Analysis 23
Stove Piping Career Fields Earned Value Management Financial Management Cost Analysis & Estimating 24
Tear Down the Walls Innovative solutions require integration between EVMs, FM, and Cost one-dimensional thinking results in one-dimensional solutions 25
Back-Up 26
Program Management Financial Management Earned Value Management Cost Estimating Program Management is Managing Risk 27
Professional Development Institute May 26 29, 2015