AP Chemistry Summer Assignment The summer assignment for AP Chemistry is quite simple (but not easy). You need to master the formulas, charges, and names of the common ions; in addition, you should memorize the solubility rules. During the first week of the school year, you will be given a quiz on these items. You will be asked to: write the names of these ions when given the formula and charge write the formula and charge when given the names state whether given compounds are soluble or not identify & describe lab equipment complete stoichiometry and reaction type problems I look forward to seeing you all at the beginning of the next school year. If you need to contact me during the summer, you can email me and I will get back to you quickly. Best of luck to all of you, Mrs.Conyers dconyers@henrico.k12.va.us Part 1 Sketch all the lab equipment listed below and identify each piece s purpose. There are websites that contain this information; you need to search for them. 1. Erlenmeyer Flask 11. Funnel 22. Bunsen Burner 2. Pasteur Pipette 12. Filter Paper 23. Test Tube Clamp 3. Glass Stir Rod 13. Evaporating Dish 24. Crucible Tongs 4. Volumetric Flask 14. Watch Glass 25. Thermometer 5. Beakers 15. Mortar and Pestle 26. Wire Gauze 6. Graduated Cylinder 16. Crucible and Lid 27. Wash Bottle 7. Test Tubes 17. Clay Triangle 28. Wire Brush 8. Rubber Stoppers (with and without holes) 18. Buret Clamp 19. Utility Clamp 29. Beaker Tongs 30. Spark Lighter 9. Eudiometer 20. Ring Stand 31. Metal Scoop 10. Buret 21. Ring Clamp
Part 2: Memorize Common Ions and Their Charges & complete naming worksheet below A mastery of the common ions, their formulas and their charges, is essential to success in AP Chemistry. You are expected to know all of these ions on the first day of class, when I will give you a quiz on them. You will always be allowed a periodic table, which makes identifying the ions on the easy. For tips on learning these ions, see the below the chart (next page). From the Periodic Table: Cations: Name: H + Hydrogen ion Li + Lithium ion Na + Sodium ion K + Potassium ion Rb + Rubidium ion Cs + Cesium ion Be 2+ Beryllium ion Mg 2+ Magnesium ion Ca 2+ Calcium ion Ba 2+ Barium ion Sr 2+ Strontium ion Al 3+ Aluminum ion Anions H F Cl Br I O 2 S 2 Se 2 N 3 P 3 As 3 Type II Cations Fe 3+ Fe 2+ Cu Cu 2+ Co 2+ Co 3+ Sn 4+ Sn 2+ Pb 4+ Pb 2+ Hg 2+ Name Hydride Fluoride Chloride Bromide Iodide Oxide Sulfide Selenide Nitride Phosphide Arsenide Name Iron (III) Iron (II) Copper (I) Copper (II) Cobalt (II) Cobalt (III) Tin (IV) Tin (II) Lead (IV) Lead (II) Mercury (II) Ions to Memorize: Cations Name Ag + Silver ion Zn 2+ Zinc ion 2+ Hg 2 Mercury (I) ion + NH 4 Ammoniumion Anions NO 2 NO 3 2 SO 3 2 SO 4 HSO 4 OH CN 3 PO 4 2 HPO 4 H 2 PO 4 NCS CO 3 2 HCO 3 ClO ClO 2 ClO 3 ClO 4 BrO BrO 2 BrO 3 BrO 4 IO IO 2 IO 3 IO 4 C 2 H 3 O 2 MnO 4 2 Cr 2 O 7 2 CrO 4 2 O 2 C 2 O 4 2 NH 2 3 BO 3 S 2 O 3 2 Nitrite Nitrate Sulfite sulfate Hydrogen sulfate (bisulfate) Hydroxide Cyanide Phosphate Hydrogen phosphate Dihydrogen phosphate Thiocyanate Carbonate Hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate) Hypochlorite Chlorite Chlorate Perchlorate Hypobromite Bromite Bromate Perbromate Hypoiodite Iodite Iodate Periodate Acetate Permanganate Dichromate Chromate Peroxide Oxalate Amide Borate Thiosulfate
II Continued: Chemical Nomenclature 1. Write formulas for the following: a. barium sulfate b. ammonium chloride c. chlorine monoxide d. silicon tetrachloride e. magnesium fluoride f. sodium oxide g. sodium peroxide h. copper(i) oxide i. zinc sulfide j. potassium carbonate k. hydrobromic acid 2. Name each of the following: a. CuSO4 b. PCl3 c. Li3N d. BaSO3 e. N2F4 f. KClO4 g. NaH h. (NH4)2Cr2O7 i. HNO2 * j. Sr3P2 k. Mg(OH)2 l. Al2S3
Part 3: Memorize these Solubility Rules.
Part 4: Stoichiometry & Chemical Equations review Stoichiometry: Show all of your work for the following problems. 1. Find the mass percent of nitrogen in each of the following compounds: a. NO b. NO2 2. Benzene contains only carbon and hydrogen and has a molar mass of 78.1 g/mol. Analysis shows the compound to be 7.74 % hydrogen by mass. Find the empirical and molecular formulas of benzene. 3. Calcium carbonate decomposes upon heating, producing calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. a. Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. b. How many grams of calcium oxide will be produced after 12.25 grams of calcium carbonate are completely decomposed? c. What is the volume of carbon dioxide gas produced from 12.25 grams of calcium carbonate at STP? D. Chemical Reactions Give the type for each of the following reactions: 1) NaOH + KNO3 NaNO3 + KOH 2) CH4 + 2 O2 CO2 + 2 H2O 3) 2 Fe + 6 NaBr 2 FeBr3 + 6 Na 4) CaSO4 + Mg(OH)2 Ca(OH)2 + MgSO4 5) NH4OH + HBr H2O + NH4Br 6) Pb + O2 PbO2 7) Na2CO3 Na2O + CO2