Percent Composition and Molecular Formula Worksheet
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1 Percent Composition and Molecular Formula Worksheet 1. What s the empirical formula of a molecule containing 65.5% carbon, 5.5% hydrogen, and 29.0% 2. If the molar mass of the compound in problem 1 is 110 grams/mole, what s the molecular formula? 3. What s the empirical formula of a molecule containing 18.7% lithium, 16.3% carbon, and 65.0% 4. If the molar mass of the compound in problem 3 is 73.8 grams/mole, what s the molecular formula? Write the molecular formulas of the following compounds: 5. A compound with an empirical formula of C 2 OH 4 and a molar mass of 88 grams per mole. 6. A compound with an empirical formula of C 4 H 4 O and a molar mass of 136 grams per mole. 7. A compound with an empirical formula of CFBrO and a molar mass of grams per mole. 8. A compound with an empirical formula of C 2 H 8 N and a molar mass of 46 grams per mole. Answer the following questions: 9. The percentage composition of acetic acid is found to be 39.9% C, 6.7% H, and 53.4% O. Determine the empirical formula of acetic acid. 10. The molar mass for question #9 was determined by experiment to be 60.0 g/mol. What is the molecular formula? 11. Aniline, a starting material for urethane plastic foams, consists of C, H, and N. Combustion of such compounds yields CO 2, H 2 O, and N 2 as products. If the combustion of 9.71 g of aniline yields 6.63 g H 2 O and 1.46 g N 2, what is its empirical formula? 12. The molar mass of aniline is 93 g/mol. What is its molecular formula? 13. Calculate the mass percent of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen in acetamide, C 2 H 5 NO. 14. A g sample of a compound made from phosphorus and chlorine is decomposed. Analysis of the products showed that g of phosphorus atoms were produced. What is the empirical formula of the compound? 15. When g of an oxide of mercury, (Hg x O y ) is decomposed into the elements by heating, g of mercury are produced. Calculate the empirical formula. 16. The compound benzamide has the following percent composition. What is the empirical formula? C = % H= % O = % N= % 17. A component of protein called serine has an approximate molar mass of 100 g/mole. If the percent composition is as follows, what is the empirical and molecular formula of serine? C = % H= % O = % N= %
2 Percent Composition and Molecular Formula Worksheet Key 1. What s the empirical formula of a molecule containing 65.5% carbon, 5.5% hydrogen, and 29.0% C 3 H 3 O mass = 55 g/mole 2. If the molar mass of the compound in problem 1 is 110 grams/mole, what s the molecular formula? C 6 H 6 O 2 3. What s the empirical formula of a molecule containing 18.7% lithium, 16.3% carbon, and 65.0% Li 2 CO 3 4. If the molar mass of the compound in problem 3 is 73.8 grams/mole, what s the molecular formula? Li 2 CO 3 Write the molecular formulas of the following compounds: 5. A compound with an empirical formula of C 2 OH 4 and a molar mass of 88 grams per mole. C 4 O 2 H 8 6. A compound with an empirical formula of C 4 H 4 O and a molar mass of 136 grams per mole. C 8 H 8 O 2 7. A compound with an empirical formula of CFBrO and a molar mass of grams per mole. C 2 F 2 Br 2 O 2 8. A compound with an empirical formula of C 2 H 8 N and a molar mass of 46 grams per mole. C 2 H 8 N Answer the following questions: 9. The percentage composition of acetic acid is found to be 39.9% C, 6.7% H, and 53.4% O. Determine the empirical formula of acetic acid. CH 2 O 10. The molar mass for question #9 was determined by experiment to be 60.0 g/mol. What is the molecular formula? C 2 H 4 O Aniline, a starting material for urethane plastic foams, consists of C, H, and N. Combustion of such compounds yields CO 2, H 2 O, and N 2 as products. If the combustion of 9.71 g of aniline yields 6.63 g H 2 O and 1.46 g N 2, what is its empirical formula? C 6 N 12. The molar mass of aniline is 93 g/mol. What is its molecular formula? C 6 N 13. Calculate the mass percent of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen in acetamide, C 2 H 5 NO. %C %H %N %O A g sample of a compound made from phosphorus and chlorine is decomposed. Analysis of the products showed that g of phosphorus atoms were produced. What is the empirical formula of the compound? PCl When g of an oxide of mercury, (Hg x O y ) is decomposed into the elements by heating, g of mercury are produced. Calculate the empirical formula. Hg 2 O 16. The compound benzamide has the following percent composition. What is the empirical formula? C = % H= % O = % N= % C 7 NO 17. A component of protein called serine has an approximate molar mass of 100 g/mole. If the percent composition is as follows, what is the empirical and molecular formula of serine? C = % H= % O = % N= % C 3 empirical formula C 3 molecular formula
3 Molecular Formula Worksheet ANSWER KEY Write the molecular formulas of the following compounds: 1) A compound with an empirical formula of C 2 OH 4 and a molar mass of 88 grams per mole. C 4 O 2 H 8 2) A compound with an empirical formula of C 4 H 4 O and a molar mass of 136 grams per mole. C 8 H 8 O 2 3) A compound with an empirical formula of CFBrO and a molar mass of grams per mole. C 2 F 2 Br 2 O 2 4) A compound with an empirical formula of C 2 H 8 N and a molar mass of 46 grams per mole. C 2 H 8 N
4 Percent Composition and Molecular Formula Worksheet Solutions 1) What s the empirical formula of a molecule containing 65.5% carbon, 5.5% hydrogen, and 29.0% C 3 H 3 O 2) If the molar mass of the compound in problem 1 is 110 grams/mole, what s the molecular formula? C 6 H 6 O 2 3) What s the empirical formula of a molecule containing 18.7% lithium, 16.3% carbon, and 65.0% Li 2 CO 3 4) If the molar mass of the compound in problem 3 is 73.8 grams/mole, what s the molecular formula? Li 2 CO 3 (In this case, the molecular and empirical formulas are the same, a frequent occurrence for inorganic compounds) 9. The percentage composition of acetic acid is found to be 39.9% C, 6.7% H, and 53.4% O. Determine the empirical formula of acetic acid. 10. (CH2O) The molar mass was determined by experiment to be 60.0 g/mol. What is the molecular formula? (C2H4O2) 7. Aniline, a starting material for urethane plastic foams, consists of C, H, and N. Combustion of such compounds yields CO2, H2O, and N2 as products. If the combustion of 9.71 g of aniline yields 6.63 g H2O and 1.46 g N2, what is its empirical formula? (C6H7N) The molar mass of aniline is 93 g/mol. What is its molecular formula? (C6H7N) Chapter 3: Worksheet #1 Mass Relationships 1. Calculate the mass percent of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen in acetamide, C 2 H 5 NO. %C %H %N %O A g sample of a compound made from phosphorus and chlorine is decomposed. Analysis of the products showed that g of phosphorus atoms were produced. What is the empirical formula of the compound? PCl 3 3. When g of an oxide of mercury, (Hg x O y ) is decomposed into the elements by heating, g of mercury are produced. Calculate the empirical formula. Hg 2 O 4. The compound benzamide has the following percent composition. What is the empirical formula? C = % H= % O = % N= % C 7 NO 5. A component of protein called serine has an approximate molar mass of 100 g/mole. If the percent composition is as follows, what is the empirical and molecular formula of serine? C = % H= % O = % N= %
5 C 3 empirical formula C 3 molecular formula 6. Balance the following equations: 2 NaCl(aq) + Ba( ) 2 (aq) 2 Na (aq) + BaCl 2 (aq) Na 3 PO 4 (aq) + 3 Ag (aq) 3 Na (aq) + Ag 3 PO 4 (s) K 2 SO 4 (aq) + BaCl 2 (aq) BaSO 4 (s) + 2 KCl(aq) 2 HCl(aq) + Ca(OH) 2 (aq) 2 H 2 O(l) + CaCl 2 (aq) 2 Na(s) + S(s) Na 2 S(s) 2 C 2 H 6 (g) + 7 O 2 (g) 4 CO 2 (g) + 6 H 2 O(l) 2 Li(s) + 2 H 2 O(l) 2 LiOH (s) + H 2 (g) Mg(s) + CuCl 2 (aq) MgCl 2 (aq) + Cu(s)
6 2 HgO(s) 2 Hg(l) + O 2 (g) 4 FeO(s) + O 2 (g) 2 Fe 2 O 3 (s) Ca(HSO 3 ) 2 (s) CaO(s) + H 2 O(l) + 2 SO 2 (g) 2 Fe(s) + 3 Br 2 (l) 2 FeBr 3 (s) CH 3 CH 2 OH(l) + 3 O 2 2 CO 2 (g) + 3 H 2 O(l) For chemistry help, visit Cavalcade Publishing All Rights Reserved
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