CAREER OPPORTUNITIES IN A FAST GROWING INSTITUTION Kenyatta University wishes to recruit qualified and dedicated applicants for vacant positions in the following offices: SCHOOLS: 1. SCHOOL OF MEDICINE a) DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN ANATOMY i. ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR PhD Degree in a relevant discipline from a recognized university At least eight (8) years of university, four (4) of which as full-time Senior Successfully supervised at least four (4) Masters students and one (1) PhD student, since being appointed Senior At least four (4) articles in refereed journals since being appointed as a Senior Evidence of successfully applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as a Senior Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars and ii. SENIOR LECTURER PhD Degree in a relevant discipline from a recognized university At least five (5) years of university, three (3) of which as full-time At least three (3) articles in refereed Journals since being appointed Successfully supervised of at least three (3) Masters students Evidence of applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as a Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars or 1 P a g e
iii. iv. LECTURER PhD or M.Med Degree in a relevant discipline from a recognized university At least three (3) years university experience as Tutorial Fellow or Assistant TECHNICIAN GRADE E/F Masters Degree in Medical Laboratory Sciences from a recognized institution with at least three (3) years work experience in Human Anatomy laboratory OR B.Sc. Degree in Medical Laboratory Sciences with at least five (5) years work experience in Human Anatomy laboratory KCE Division III or KCSE Mean Grade C+ (Plus) and above Well versed in Mortuary procedures Computer literate The successful candidate will assist in anatomy practicals and be involved in embalming and mortuary processes. v. TECHNICIAN GRADE C/D i. Higher National Diploma (HND) in Medical Laboratory Sciences from a recognized institution KCE Division III or KCSE Mean Grade C (Plain) and above At least three (3) years work experience in Human Anatomy laboratory Well versed in mortuary procedures Computer knowledge will be an added advantage The successful candidate will assist in anatomy practicals and be involved in embalming and mortuary processes. vi. LABORATORY ATTENDANT - GRADE III/IV KCE Division IV or KCSE Mean Grade D+ (Plus) A relevant Certificate in Mortuary work will be an added advantage At least three (3) years work experience in Human Anatomy laboratory The successful candidate will be expected to assist in the preparation of specimens, preparation and care of bodies and assist in class practicals. 2 P a g e
b) DEPARTMENT OF PATHOLOGY i. PROFESSOR Applicants must be holders of a PhD Degree in any of the following fields from a recognized university: - Parasitology - Microbiology - Anatomic Pathology - Immunology - Haematology At least twelve (12) years of university at level, (5) of which as full-time Associate Professor Successfully supervised of at least four (4) Masters students and at least two (2) PhD students since being appointed Associate Professor At least four (4) articles in refereed journals, since being appointed as an Associate Professor Evidence of successfully applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as an Associate Professor Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars and ii. ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR Applicants must be holders of a PhD Degree in any of the following fields from a recognized university: - Parasitology - Microbiology - Anatomic Pathology - Immunology - Haematology At least eight (8) years of university, four (4) of which as full-time Senior Successfully supervised at least four (4) Masters students and one (1) PhD student, since being appointed Senior At least four (4) articles in refereed journals since being appointed as a Senior Evidence of successfully applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as a Senior Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars and 3 P a g e
iii. SENIOR LECTURER Qualifications Applicants must be holders of a PhD Degree in any of the following fields from a recognized university: - Parasitology - Microbiology - Anatomic Pathology - Immunology - Haematology At least five (5) years of university, three (3) of which as full-time At least three (3) articles in refereed Journals since being appointed Successfully supervised of at least three (3) Masters students Evidence of applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as a Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars or iv. LECTURER i. PhD Degree in any of the following fields from a recognized university OR have successfully defended PhD thesis - Parasitology - Microbiology - Anatomic Pathology - Immunology - Haematology ii. Holders of MMED in any of these fields will be considered - Parasitology - Microbiology - Anatomic Pathology - Immunology - Haematology Evidence of university experience 4 P a g e
v. TECHNICIAN GRADE C/D Applicants must be holders of a Higher National Diploma (HND) or a Higher Diploma (HD) from a recognized institution in any of the following areas: - Parasitology - Microbiology - Anatomic Pathology - Immunology - Haematology KCE Division II or KCSE Mean Grade C+ (Plus) and above At least three (3) years relevant work experience in a busy Teaching, Research or a Pharmaceutical Laboratory Computer literate Demonstrate Leadership and Administrative skills Candidates with an Ordinary National Diploma (OND) or Ordinary Diploma (OD) in the following fields will also be considered on condition that they have at least five (5) years relevant work experience - Parasitology - Microbiology - Anatomic Pathology - Immunology - Haematology vi. TECHNICIAN - GRADE A/B Ordinary Diploma (OD) in any of the following areas from a recognized institution - Parasitology - Microbiology - Anatomic Pathology - Immunology - Haematology KCE Division III or KCSE Mean Grade C (Plain) and above At least three (3) years relevant work experience in a busy Teaching, Research or Hospital Laboratory Computer literate 5 P a g e
c) DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY i. ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR PhD Degree in Medical Physiology from a recognized university First Degree in Medicine or Pharmacy and a Masters in Medical Physiology or related medical discipline from a recognized university ii. At least eight (8) years of university, four (4) of which as full-time Senior Successfully supervised at least four (4) Masters students and one (1) PhD student, since being appointed Senior At least four (4) articles in refereed journals since being appointed as a Senior Evidence of successfully applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as a Senior Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars and Registered with the Board of Medical Practitioners & Dentists (Medical Specialties) SENIOR LECTURER PhD Degree in Medical Physiology from a recognized university First Degree in Medicine or Pharmacy and a Masters in Medical Physiology or related medical discipline from a recognized university At least five (5) years of university, three (3) of which as full-time At least three (3) articles in refereed Journals since being appointed Successfully supervised of at least three (3) Masters students Evidence of applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as a Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars or Registered with the Board of Medical Practitioners & Dentists (Medical Specialities) 6 P a g e
iii. iv. LECTURER PhD Degree in Medical Physiology from a recognized university or have successfully defended Phd Thesis OR M.Med in Medical Physiology, Anaesthesia or Internal Medicine At least three (3) years university experience as Tutorial Fellow or Assistant Registered with the Board of Medical Practitioners & Dentists (Medical Specialties) TECHNICIAN - GRADE C/D Higher National Diploma (HND) in Medical Laboratory Sciences from a recognized institution The successful candidate should be able to perform a wide range of Medical Physiology class practicals for Medical students At least three (3) years work experience in the relevant fields in either a busy institution or hospital environment Knowledge of basic life support (Emergency Medical Services) skills Computer knowledge will be an added advantage v. TECHNICIAN GRADE A/B Ordinary Diploma (OD) from a recognized Medical training institution Areas of Specialization: Neurophysiology Cardio-physiology Eye/Ear Physiology vi. Demonstrate ability to run a wide range of Medical Physiology Practical classes for Medical students At least one (1) year relevant experience in these areas Candidates with Basic Life Support Skills and Computer knowledge will have an added advantage JUNIOR TECHNICIAN GRADE III/IV Relevant Certificate in Medical Laboratory Sciences Demonstrate interest in working and learning new techniques in Medical Physiology Laboratory environment At least two (2) years work experience in Laboratory environment The successful candidate will assist in running of the student class practicals in the Department of Medical Physiology 7 P a g e
d) DEPARTMENT OF NURSING SCIENCES i. LECTURER PhD OR Bachelors Degree in Nursing and Masters Degree in Midwifery/Medical Nursing/Surgical Nursing/Public Health/ Critical Nursing or any other relevant area from a recognized university At least three (3) years university experience as Tutorial Fellow or Assistant e) DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY & COMPLEMENTARY/ ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE i. PROFESSOR BPharm or PharmD AND a PhD Degree in any the following fields; Pharmaceutics or Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry from a recognized University At least twelve (12) years of university at level, (5) of which as full-time Associate Professor Successfully supervised at least four (4) Masters students and at least two (2) PhD students since being appointed Associate Professor At least four (4) articles in refereed journals, since being appointed as an Associate Professor Evidence of successfully applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as an Associate Professor Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars and ii. ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR BPharm or PharmD AND a PhD Degree in any the following fields; Pharmaceutics or Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry from a recognized University At least eight (8) years of university, four (4) of which as full-time Senior Successfully supervised at least four (4) Masters students and one (1) PhD student, since being appointed Senior At least four (4) articles in refereed journals since being appointed as a Senior Evidence of successfully applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as a Senior Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars and 8 P a g e
iv. iii. iv. SENIOR LECTURER BPharm or PharmD AND a PhD Degree in any the following fields; Pharmaceutics, Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacy or Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry from a recognized University At least five (5) years of university, three (3) of which as full-time At least three (3) articles in refereed Journals since being appointed Successfully supervised of at least three (3) Masters students Evidence of applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as a Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars or LECTURER BPharm or PharmD AND a PhD Degree in any the following fields; Pharmaceutics, Pharmacology, Phamacognosy or Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry from a recognized University Full-time university experience as Tutorial Fellow or Assistant for at least three (3) years Those with a Masters Degree may also be considered on condition that they meet the above requirements TECHNICIAN GRADE C/D Higher National Diploma (HND) or Higher Diploma (HD) from a recognized institution in any of the following areas: Pharmacology, Toxicology, Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Medical Laboratory Sciences, Biochemistry or Microbiology KCE Division II or KCSE Mean Grade C+ (Plus) and above At least three (3) years relevant work experience in a busy Teaching, Research or a Pharmaceutical Laboratory Computer literate Demonstrate leadership and administrative skills Candidates with an Ordinary National Diploma (OND) or Ordinary Diploma (OD) or their equivalent will also be considered on condition that they have at least five (5) years relevant work experience. 9 P a g e
v. TECHNICIAN GRADE A/B Ordinary National Diploma (OND) or Ordinary Diploma from a recognized institution in any of the following areas: Pharmacology, Toxicology, Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Medical Laboratory Sciences, Biochemistry or Microbiology KCE Division III or KCSE Mean Grade C (Plain) and above At least three (3) years relevant work experience in a busy Teaching, Research or a Hospital Laboratory Computer literate f) DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE, THERAPEUTICS, DERMATOLOGY & PSYCHIATRY Areas of specialization: - Chest Medicine - Gastroenterology - Cardiology - Rheumatology - General Physician - Neurology - Haemato/Oncology i. Professor PhD Degree in the field of Medicine from a recognized University At least twelve (12) years of university at level and above, five (5) of which as a full-time Associate Professor Successfully supervised at least four (4) Masters students and at least two (2) PhD students since being appointed Associate Professor At least four (4) articles in refereed journals, since being appointed as Associate Professor Evidence of successfully applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as Associate Professor Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars and ii. ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR PhD Degree in the field of Medicine or its equivalent from a recognized University At least eight (8) years of university, four (4) of which as full-time Senior 10 P a g e
iii. iv. Successfully supervised at least four (4) Masters students and one (1) PhD student, since being appointed Senior At least four (4) articles in refereed journals since being appointed as a Senior Evidence of successfully applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as a Senior Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars and SENIOR LECTURER PhD Degree in the field of Internal Medicine or its equivalent from a recognized University At least five (5) years of university, three (3) of which as full-time At least three (3) articles in refereed Journals since being appointed Successful supervision of at least three (3) Masters students Evidence of applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as a Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars or LECTURER Masters Degree in the field of Internal Medicine from a recognized University Registered for PhD Degree and able to show satisfactory progress 2. SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES a) DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES Areas of Specialization: - Linguistic - Teaching of French as a Foreign Language - Literature i. ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR PhD Degree in the relevant area from a recognized university At least eight (8) years of university, four (4) of which as a full-time Senior 11 P a g e
vii. viii. Successful supervision of at least four (4) Masters students and one (1) PhD student, since being appointed a Senior At least four (4) articles in refereed journals since being appointed as Senior Evidence of successfully applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as Senior Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars and SENIOR LECTURER PhD Degree in the relevant area from a recognized university At least five (5) years of university, three (3) of which as a full-time Successful supervision of at least three (3) Masters students and one PhD student Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars or LECTURER PhD Degree in the relevant area from a recognized university Full-time university experience as Tutorial Fellow or Assistant for at least three (3) years b) DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY i. PROFESSOR PhD Degree from a recognized university with experience in any of the following areas: 12 P a g e - Counseling/ Clinical Psychology - Organizational/ Industrial Psychology - Forensic/Police/ Military Psychology - Health/ Rehabilitation/ General Psychology - Psychometric Psychology At least twelve (12) years of university at level and above, five (5) of which as a full-time Associate Professor Successfully supervised at least four (4) Masters students and at least two (2) PhD students since being appointed Associate Professor At least four (4) articles in refereed journals, since being appointed as Associate Professor Evidence of successfully applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as Associate Professor
ii. Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars and ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR PhD Degree from a recognized university with experience in any of the following areas: - Counseling/ Clinical Psychology - Organizational/ Industrial Psychology - Forensic/Police/ Military Psychology - Health/ Rehabilitation/ General Psychology - Psychometric Psychology iii. At least eight (8) years of university, four (4) of which as a full-time Senior Successful supervision of at least four (4) Masters students and one (1) PhD student, since being appointed a Senior At least four (4) articles in refereed journals since being appointed as Senior Evidence of successfully applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as Senior Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars and SENIOR LECTURER PhD Degree from a recognized university with experience in any of the following areas: - Counseling/ Clinical Psychology - Organizational/ Industrial Psychology - Forensic/Police/ Military Psychology - Health/ Rehabilitation/ General Psychology - Psychometric Psychology At least five (5) years of university, three (3) of which as full-time At least three (3) articles in refereed Journals since being appointed Successful supervision of at least three (3) Masters students Evidence of applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as a 13 P a g e
iv. Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars or LECTURER PhD Degree from a recognized University or have successfully defended PhD thesis with experience in any the following areas: - Counseling/ Clinical Psychology - Organizational/ Industrial Psychology - Forensic/Police/ Military Psychology - Health/ Rehabilitation/ General Psychology - Psychometric Psychology Full-time university experience as Tutorial Fellow or Assistant for at least three (3) years v. TUTORIAL FELLOW Masters Degree from a recognized University with experience in the following areas: - Counseling/ Clinical Psychology - Organizational/ Industrial Psychology - Forensic/Police/ Military Psychology - Health/ Rehabilitation/ General Psychology - Psychometric Psychology Must be prepared to pursue PhD degree in their area of specialization Applicants who have registered for PhD degree will have an added advantage 3. SCHOOL OF EDUCATION a) DEPARTMENT OF EARLY CHILDHOOD STUDIES i. PROFESSOR PhD Degree in Early Childhood Studies or related field from a recognized University At least twelve (12) years of university at level and above, five (5) of which as a full-time Associate Professor Successfully supervised at least four (4) Masters students and at least two (2) PhD students since being appointed Associate Professor At least four (4) articles in refereed journals, since being appointed as Associate Professor Evidence of successfully applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as Associate Professor 14 P a g e
ii. iii. iv. Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars and ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR PhD Degree in Early Childhood Studies or related field from a recognized university At least eight (8) years of university, four (4) of which as full-time Senior Successfully supervised at least four (4) Masters students and one (1) PhD student, since being appointed Senior At least four (4) articles in refereed journals since being appointed as a Senior Evidence of successfully applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as a Senior Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars and SENIOR LECTURER PhD Degree in Early Childhood Studies or related field from a recognized university At least five (5) years of university, three (3) of which as full-time At least three (3) articles in refereed Journals since being appointed Successfully supervised of at least three (3) Masters students Evidence of applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as a Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars or LECTURER PhD Degree in Early Childhood Studies or related field from a recognized university or have successfully defended PhD thesis Full-time university experience as Tutorial Fellow or Assistant for at least three (3) years v. TUTORIAL FELLOW Masters Degree in Early Childhood Studies or related field from a recognized university 15 P a g e
Must be prepared to pursue PhD degree in their area of specialization Applicants who have registered for PhD degree will have an added advantage b) DEPARTMENT OF SPECIAL NEEDS EDUCATION i. PROFESSOR PhD Degree in any of the following areas of Special Needs Education for learners with: Mental Retardation, Visual Impairments, Physical Disabilities, Hearing Impairments, Emotional Disturbance, Learning Disabilities, Autism, Communication Disorders, Deaf-Blind and Gifted and Talented, from a recognized university At least twelve (12) years of university at level and above, five (5) of which as a full-time Associate Professor Successfully supervised at least four (4) Masters students and at least two (2) PhD students since being appointed Associate Professor At least four (4) articles in refereed journals, since being appointed as Associate Professor Evidence of successfully applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as Associate Professor Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars and ii. ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR PhD Degree in any of the following areas of Special Needs Education for learners with: Mental Retardation, Visual Impairments, Physical Disabilities, Hearing Impairments, Emotional Disturbance, Learning Disabilities, Autism, Communication Disorders, Deaf-Blind and Gifted and Talented, from a recognized university At least eight (8) years of university, four (4) of which as full-time Senior Successfully supervised at least four (4) Masters students and one (1) PhD student, since being appointed Senior At least four (4) articles in refereed journals since being appointed as a Senior Evidence of successfully applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as a Senior Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars and 16 P a g e
iii. iv. SENIOR LECTURER PhD Degree in any of the following areas of Special Needs Education for learners with: Mental Retardation, Visual Impairments, Physical Disabilities, Hearing Impairments, Emotional Disturbance, Learning Disabilities, Autism, Communication Disorders, Deaf-Blind and Gifted and Talented, from a recognized university At least five (5) years of university, three (3) of which as full-time At least three (3) articles in refereed Journals since being appointed Successfully supervised of at least three (3) Masters students Evidence of applying for a grant either individually or as a group since being appointed as a Evidence of attendance and contribution at learning conferences, seminars or LECTURER Bachelor of Education Degree in Special Education and have a PhD Degree or its equivalent from a recognized University with a bias in any of the following areas: Mental Retardation, Visual Impairments, Physical Disabilities, Hearing Impairments, Emotional Disturbance, Learning Disabilities, Autism, Communication Disorders, Deaf-Blind and Gifted and Talented from a recognized University Full-time university experience as Tutorial Fellow or Assistant for at least three (3) years v. TUTORIAL FELLOW Masters Degree in Special Education or related field from a recognized university Evidence of experience at university level Expertise in speech and language therapy for children and adults Competency in assessment At least three (3) years experience Prepared to pursue PhD Degree in the area of specialization vi. TECHNICIAN - GRADE C/D KCE Division II or KCSE mean Grade C+ (plus) and above from a recognized institution 17 P a g e
Experience in repairing of hearing aids, servicing audiometers, taking audiograms during class demonstrations, make ear moulds, doing collaboration of machines Proficiency in sign language and interpretation for public addresses Proficiency in Braille writing and transcription in English, Kiswahili and Mathematics Braille proficiency in any foreign language will be an added advantage Competence in Braille maintenance and repair is essential Knowledge and skills in the of orientation and mobility to persons with visual impairments Computer literate and knowledgeable in the use of Braille embosser DIRECTORATES: 1. DIRECTORATE OF SECURITY SERVICES i. DEPUTY DIRECTOR SECURITY SERVICES GRADE 13 KCE Division II or KCSE C+ (Plus) and above from a recognized institution Served in the discipline force and attained the rank of Captain or Chief Inspector of Police and above At least over fifteen (15) years relevant working experience Knowledge of fire and Disaster Management Knowledge of intelligence collection or investigation Has been an Officer commanding at station level and above Valid Certificate of Good Conduct. Computer literate Discharge Certificate, if retired Duties: In charge of physical security Responsible for guarding duties Carrying out investigations Up-dating the Director on University matters Responsible for VIP Security and Escorts Responsible for Guard patrol Briefing and debriefing of Guards Training of Guards Arresting and prosecuting Deploying and supervising of Guards Any other duties assigned 2. POST-MODERN LIBRARY i. SENIOR LIBRARIAN - GRADE 13 Main Campus 18 P a g e
Masters Degree in Information Science or its equivalent from a recognized institution At least five (5) years post-qualification work experience in large academic Library Practical knowledge of relevant Library ICT applications Knowledge of KOHA (Library Integrated Management System) will be an added advantage ii. ASSISTANT LIBRARIAN GRADE 12 Main, Parklands, City and Ruiru Campus Masters Degree in Library and Information Sciences or its equivalent from a recognized institution At least two (2) years post-qualification experience, in a large academic Library Practical knowledge of relevant ICT applications Knowledge of KOHA (Library Integrated Management System) will be an added advantage iii. LIBRARY ASSISTANT - GRADE C/D Nyeri, Mombasa, Kericho, Kitui and Embu Campus KCE Div. II or KCSE C+ (plus) and above Bachelors Degree in Library and Information Science or equivalent professional qualification from a recognized Institution At least three (3) years relevant post-qualification work experience Practical knowledge relevant Library ICT applications iv. LIBRARY ASSISTANT - GRADE A/B Nyeri, Mombasa, Kericho, Kitui and Embu Campus KCE Div. III or KCSE C- (minus) and above Diploma in Library and Information Sciences or equivalent professional qualification from a recognized Institution At least three (3) years work experience in an academic Library Practical knowledge Library ICT applications 19 P a g e
TERMS OF SERVICE: For those applying for positions above Tutorial Fellow they will be employed on permanent and pensionable terms. The terms of service for non positions include a generous medical scheme, house allowance and commuting allowance. Successful candidates will be offered two (2) year renewable performance - based contract and gratuity will be paid at the end of the contract. The application letter should give full details of educational and professional qualification, work experience, present post and salary, applicant s telephone number and e-mail address. Copies of certificates and testimonials should also be enclosed giving the names and addresses of three (3) referees who are conversant with the applicant s competence in area of specialization. Applicants and Referees should write directly to: Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Administration) Kenyatta University P. O. BOX 43844 00100 NAIROBI Applications and letters from the referees should be received not later than Monday, 22nd September 2014 ENQUIRIES: For details related to job specifications and general requirements, kindly visit our website: www.ku.ac.ke Kenyatta University is an equal opportunity employer and canvassing will lead to automatic disqualification. Persons with disability are encouraged to apply. 20 P a g e
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