OII s Insurance Education Day April 10, 2013 Candace Iskowitz, IBHS Director of Public Affairs
IBHS Where building safety research creates safer, stronger communities
Annual Insured Hail Losses = $1.6 billion
Factors That Affect Hailstorm Damage Roof Materials Roof Age Sheltering of the Roof Wind Speed and Direction Hailstone Size Hailstone Hardness
Dallas/Ft. Worth Storm May 24, 2011 Hailstones up to 5 inches $300 million in damages RICOWI Field Investigation 7 inspections teams; 100+ roofs/systems Roofs: Commercial and residential Team members trained to perform hail inspections
RICOWI Field Investigation Summary of Findings Damage was easy to see (except where roofing material incorporates plies of membranes) Effects of hail distinguishable from weathering Hail size more critical than quantity of hail Impact resistant performed better than standard Standard shingles = moderate or severe damage when hail >1.25 Unsupported materials suffered more damage than supported materials (ridge shingles) Materials 10+ years old had reduced hail impact resistance
Hailstorm Risks Hailstone size Damage Threshold for Components 1 Lightweight composition shingles 1.25 Heavyweight composition shingles or wood shingles 1.5 Medium wood shakes and clay tiles 1.75 Concrete tiles 2.5 Metal panels or built-up roofing 0.75-1 Aircraft 1.6 Crops
Roofing: Impact-rated vs. non-impact rated Relative performance of different roof materials Aging Data Claims Analysis with Xactware Closed claims study to compare: Relative difference in roofing damage vs. walls/windows/doors/trim damage Radar estimated hail severity vs. severity seen in damage estimates
Company Provided Data Fields The data set included 67,100 policies in force. Participating companies provided a set of data fields for each exposure: Roof Covering Location (latitude and longitude) Coverage A Limit Year Built Impact Resistance Square Footage
Xactware Provided Data Fields 6,697 exposures had some damage. Xactware collected a number of data fields on these exposures including Damage Estimates Roof Cover Location (latitude and longitude) Highest Roofing Depreciation Age Coverage A Limit
Components of Damage Xactware provided estimates for 17 different types of damage. These were then conflated into 5 components: Roof: Impact Resistant, Non-Impact Resistant, Remaining Roof Items Door: Exterior Entry Doors, Painting Exterior Doors, Patio Doors, Exterior French Doors Wall: Siding, Stucco and Exterior Plaster, Painting of Exterior Shutters Windows: All Aluminum Windows, All Window Glazing, All Vinyl Windows, All Wood Windows Other: All Soffit, Fascia, and Gutter Items, All Painting of Exterior Soffits, All Painting of Exterior Fascia
Claim Frequency by Roof Cover Percent of Exposures with Roof Damage 30% 28% 25% 20% 22% 15% 10% 11% 7% 11% 10% 5% 0% 1%
Claim Severity Average Cost per Claim (Roof Damage Only) $40,000 $35,000 $33,658 $37,245 $34,756 $30,000 $25,000 $20,000 $15,000 $10,000 $8,256 $9,678 $8,790 $5,000 $0 $756
Average Damage per Exposure Total Damage Divided by Total Exposure $10,000 $9,000 $9,371 $8,000 $7,479 $7,000 $6,000 $5,000 $4,000 $3,000 $2,465 $2,000 $1,000 $0 $932 $1,027 $7 $832
Damage Frequency by Age Group* 30% 25% 24.1% 20% 17.1% 15% 10% 9.7% 12.4% 10.2% 8.7% 11.8% 11.1% 7.0% 5% 4.6% 0% 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-39 40-49 50+ Grand Total Age of Home in Years *Age of home used as a proxy for roof age.
100% Impact Resistant Shingles Proportion of Impact Resistant, Non-Impact Resistant, and Impact Resistance Unknown in the Dataset 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% Impact Resistant 40% 30% 20% Non-Impact Resistant Unknown 10% 0% 0-4 5-9 10-14 Age of Home in Years
Creating the World s First Indoor Hailstorm
Making Realistic Hail IBHS Developed Chemical Formula Tap Water, Distilled Water, Seltzer Water
Measuring Hail Hardness Physical Shaping Compacted Crushed Ice
10,000 Hailstones that s a lot of hail
IBHS Research Center Hail Capabilities February 2013 Demonstration Comparison of performance of shingle types Impact-rated architectural asphalt shingles Non-rated architectural asphalt shingles Non-rated 3-tab asphalt shingles Non-rated clay tile Impact-rated concrete tile Impact-rated metal roof Comparison of performance of siding types Insulated vinyl siding High-wind rated vinyl siding (220 mph) Standard vinyl siding Fiber-cement siding Soft metal materials Windows, door, and skylights
Hail Demonstration Results IBHS was able to closely mimic hail conditions present in a typical supercell thunderstorm that produces hail. The majority of hailstone impacts were on the roofing system; this is very typical of what IBHS researchers have seen when conducting post-hailstorm damage investigations in the field and in numerous claims studies. The hail delivery system developed by IBHS successfully propelled hailstones at the correct terminal velocity for each size of hailstone. Post-test damage surveys revealed roof damage patterns consistent with what IBHS researchers documented in the field following recent hailstorms in Colorado and Texas.
What s Next? Aging
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Resources for Agents & Policyholders
Resources for Agents & Policyholders Available at www.disastersafety.org