Agriculture and Land use (ALU) Software: A tool for GHG Inventory and LEDS Asia Low Emission Development Strategies (LEDS) Forum: Catalyzing an Era of Green Growth (18-21 September 2012, Bangkok, Thailand Leandro Buendia Associate Trainer, ALU GHG Group Importance/Benefits of GHG Inventories Can t manage what you don t measure GHG inventories are foundational: Provides historical emissions data and trends over time as basis of emission projections (BAU and mitigation scenarios) Tool to identify, implement and assess the efficacy of mitigation policies (LEDS, NAMAs, REDD+) Meet UNFCCC reporting obligations Useful indicators for environmental assessment and management, and economic development and planning. To produce GHG inventory requires institutional arrangement, etc......but TOOLs can greatly facilitate data management, QA/QC, calculations, and reporting 1
Available Software that Implement IPCC Methods UNFCCC Software for GHG Inventories Basis Sector Tier 1 Additional Feature 1996 GL All Key category analysis Platform Excel 2007 Basis Sector Tier 1 Additional Feature Platform 2006 GL All Key category analysis, Uncertainty analysis Stand alone Basis Sector Tier 1, 2 Additional Feature 1996 GL, GPG 2000, GPG 2003, 2006 GL Agriculture, LULUCF Mitigation Analysis Key Category Analysis (KCA) Software Basis Sector Platform 2006 GL All Excel Platform Stand alone 3 2
Module I for Activity Data Entry that allows : Consistent and step by step representation of land use categories and livestock categories; Complete characterization of management and practices in fertilizer, liming, amendments, crop residues, tillage, animal manure, rice cultivation, and biomass harvesting and burning (peatland), as well as forest disturbance due to fire, pest and diseases, wind, etc; Documentation, QA/QC, and archiving of all activity data; and Use of GIS-based data on land use and land use change from RS imagery. Spatial Data (Geographic Information System) Export (Geographic Information System) Text File (Import into ALU) 1102,TRMM,HAC,FL,35117.19922 1103,TRMM,HAC,GL,65306 1104,TRMM,HAC,GL,9724.410156 1105,TRMM,HAC,OL,215.460006 1106,TRMM,HAC,SM,373.23001 1107,TRMM,HAC,CL,4032.090087 1109,TRMM,HAC,WL,7.559999 1110,TRMM,HAC,FL,0.449999 1111,TRMM,HAC,WL,2316.23999 1202,TMSD,HAC,FL,106793 1203,TMSD,HAC,GL,721293 1204,TMSD,HAC,GL,292541 1205,TMSD,HAC,OL,20048.59961 1206,TMSD,HAC,SM,4145.759765 1207,TMSD,HAC,CL,229119 1209,TMSD,HAC,WL,3208.050048 1210,TMSD,HAC,FL,31221.69922 1211,TMSD,HAC,WL,41818.60156 3102,TRMM,VOL,FL,51673.30078 3103,TRMM,VOL,GL,20436.19922 3104,TRMM,VOL,GL,3905.370117 3
GIS data on LULUCF into the software Module II for Emission Factor entry that : Provides the list of emission factors needed to estimate emissions/removals for specific category; Allows to view and assign EF from the built-in database of IPCC default values; Allows to create and document new or country-specific EF files; and Allows to QA/QC, and archive all EFs. 4
Utility to track the progress of sessions: Very useful tool to track the progress and completeness of data for Modules 1 and 2; Allows to select which category and sub-category to complete data entry (saving time to focus on important categories/sub-categories) Enable to perform the ff: Manage Module II Factor Files Manage climate, soil, and land use subcategory files Manage user created library file View soil carbon classification Delete sessions from database Backup database Copy session 5
Module III to Complete Emission/Removal Calculations: Provides the equations, description of parameters and variables, and the units used; Provides the breakdown of estimates of emission and removal for quality control and validation; Allows to export strata/factors and resulting estimates for quality assurance; and Allows reporting of estimated emission and removal based on the UNFCCC Reporting Format (1996 GL) or ALU Reporting Format (GPG, 2006 GL). ALU Software Format of Reporting Biomass C Stocks Biomass Carbon Stocks - Summary Source: Biomass Carbon Stocks Version Time Stamp: 8/30/2012 9:23:02 PM Results: Source Subsource Area (ha) Gains in Biomass C Stocks (Gg C/yr) Losses of Biomass C Stocks (Gg C/yr) Change in Biomass C Stocks (Gg C/yr) CO2 equivalents (Gg/yr) Biomass Carbon Stocks Forest Land 1278450 1803.89-2751.55-947.66 3474.76 Silvipasture 0 0 0 0 0 Agroforestry/Perennial Cropland 568200 403.27 0 403.27-1478.66 Settlements 0 0 0 0 0 Deforestation 4500 0 0 0 0 Shifting Cultivation 0 0 0 0 0 Herbaceous Biomass 0 0 0 0 0 Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions* 1851150 2207.16-2751.55-544.39 1996.1 *GWP are 100-year time horizon based on estimates from the IPCC Second Assessment Report. Note: Timber Harvest and Fuelwood Gathering that occur during deforestation or shifting cultivation is estimated as part of the Biomass C Loss on an area basis. Any Timber Harvest or Fuelwood Gathering that is also associated with deforestation or shifting cultivation is subtracted and not double accounted. Note: - report is exported in Excel file - each subcategory is reported in a separate worksheet in a workbook - final estimate is expressed in Gg CO2-e/yr using 100-year time horizon based on IPCC SAR 6
Linking GHG Inventory to Mitigation? GHG Inventory (IPCC Software, ALU Software, etc) GHG emissions Historical data (statistical data, etc) Projected data (based on population, GDP, technological development, etc) Mitigation scenario Projection (ALU Software, etc) 2000 Key Category Analysis (Level and Trend Assessments) 2010 2020 The ALU Software Mitigation Analysis Enable to select approach to Mitigation Analysis: Practice-based approach Effect of specific technological advances or conservation management Whole Session Approach Effect of any of the activity data or emission factors associated with an inventory session. 7
Practice-based Approach Land use: Reduce Deforestation Wetland Rice Management Crop Residue Management Grassland/Savanna Burning Livestock: Manure management Feed additives (for enhanced characterization) Baseline Projection for Practice-based Approach Point in Time (PIT): assumes that emissions are held constant over time based on a single year of inventory data Business as Usual (BAU): estimates a linear extrapolation of emission trends based on two years of inventory data 8
Mitigation Projection for Practice-based Approach Mitigation Projection: estimated based on the user input, which will involve modifying activity data or emission factors. Summary Report for Practice-based Mitigation Analysis Show estimates of: Baseline Projection Mitigation Projection Mitigation Potential 9
Baseline and Mitigation Projections for Whole Session Mitigation Analysis Allows to select: Baseline Projection Mitigation Projection Summary Report for Whole Session Mitigation Analysis Show estimates of: Baseline Projection Mitigation Projection Mitigation Potential Allow to create a Report or perform another mitigation analysis... 10
US EPA Capacity Building and Projects ALU Software Capacity Building Efforts to Date Central America : First regional project. Phase I: 2004-2007 Phase II: 2007-2010 South East Asia: Phase I: 2008-2010 Phase II: 2011-2014. Andean Region: Scoping trips to Colombia, Peru and Ecuador in 2011/12. Applying the lessons learned and tools developed for other regions. China: Provided initial training, currently proposing new work plan, translated existing tools for use in provinces Eastern and Southern Africa: Apply the lessons and tools developed in other regions. Phase I: 2011-2014 21 Challenges and Opportunities in using ALU Software Incomplete or non-existent activity data Lack of countryspecific emission and stock change factors Data data and more data! 11
We address them by. Agriculture and Land Use Greenhouse Gas Inventory Data Availability Assessment This spreadsheet assesses existing data availability for the activity data needed to calculate emissions from agriculture and land use sources using IPCC Tier 1 or Tier 2 methods. The data assessment is organized according to the structure employed by the ALU tool; however, the assessment includes an upfront diagram mapping the relationship between data elements in ALU and IPCC source categories. To fill out this assessment, click on each of the data elements listed below and fill out the responses required on each spreadsheet component. The Additional Information and Help sections contain useful information to help you as you fill out the assessment. Data Assessment Categories Land Use, Climate, and Soil Data ALU Questionnaires for: Land use, climate, and soil data Forest management Agriculture management Livestock N Fertilizer and liming Sewage and sludge Additional Information and Help Mapping the ALU Data Elements to the IPCC Source Categories Help Section ALU Workbook For Primary and Secondary Data Elements In conclusion ALU Software... Promotes the use of IPCC Guidelines and Good Practice Guidance; Allows to produce GHG inventory in a TACCC manner (i.e. transparent, accurate, consistent, complete, and comparable); Allows to perform sensitivity analysis of activity data and emission factors; Links GHG inventory to planning and development of mitigation actions which are useful in developing NAMAs and LEDS: Profile of GHG Emissions and Removal BAU baseline and mitigation scenarios (practice-based or whole session); Mitigation Analysis Is user-friendly and is free... 12
Acknowledgements: ALU Software Programmers/Testers: Shannon Spencer (lead programmer), Melannie Hartman, Guhan Dheenadayalan, Fatmah Assiri, Bill Tucker, Prasanna Venkatesh, Mark Easter, Fadi Wedyan, Shilpa Halvadar, Hussein Al-Rousan, Dean Selby, Stephen Williams, Karen Galles and Amy Swan. More Information: http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/ghginventorycapac itybuilding/index.html http://www.nrel.colostate.edu/ projects/alusoftware/ Or contact the Program Leader Dr. Stephen Ogle at <ogle@nrel.colostate.edu> 13