Technical Information

Transcription

1 Technical Information Subject to change [25-June-2012, 8SPM-Kr, Version 5.4.6] Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS Numerous facilities for monitoring, measuring and direction finding Reliable solution for monitoring, direction finding and measurements according to ITU recommendations Numerous possibilities for evaluation and analysis according to ITU recommendations Usable for all types of monitoring stations Cost-effective thanks to standardization Great flexibility thanks to modular design Supported languages: English, Chinese, French, German, Russian, Spanish Runs under Microsoft Windows 7, Vista and Windows XP operating systems

2 Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 2

3 Introduction The Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS comprises numerous facilities for measuring, monitoring and direction finding for manned and unmanned fixed stations, for mobile stations and for transportable stations. An available evaluation module is used to perform a comprehensive statistical evaluation of measurement results to ITU recommendations. Measurement results can be displayed alphanumerically or graphically. Measurement results, their definitions and evaluation results can also be documented in reports. Thanks to its modular design, R&S ARGUS can be easily configured to meet customer requirements. R&S ARGUS runs under Windows XP, Vista and Windows 7 operating systems, which provide great ease of operation, operational safety and networking. Uniform operation, pre-emptive multitasking and versatility in integrating additional software (e.g. MS Office) are further benefits. The basic module of R&S ARGUS consists of one license for R&S ARGUS, data administration, graphics, configuration, help functions, standard software interfaces, direct measurement mode, 20 device drivers for fixed antennas and 20 device drivers for movable antennas. Additional software modules, software interfaces and device drivers for receivers, analyzers, direction finders, decoders, recorders and accessories can be easily added to the basic module. This modularity makes the software extremely flexible. Client-server concept R&S ARGUS is a straight client-server application comprising a measurement unit (server) and a control unit (client). The control unit provides the R&S ARGUS userfriendly graphical user interface. This user interface can be used to configure measurement units, define measurement jobs and transfer them to measurement units, to receive, display and store measurement results and transfer these results to other applications. The control unit menu always presents the settings and measurement options of one measurement unit. One control unit can access up to eight stations simultaneously. The R&S ARGUS measurement unit is controlled by a control unit. It receives the measurement jobs from all the connected control units, co-ordinates them and processes them. Measurement devices are controlled and measurement results and alarm conditions are determined, buffered and transferred to the control units. A measurement unit can be controlled by basically any given number of control units, one at a time. Control and measurement units can run on the same computer or on different computers. In the later case the communication can be done by all means of standard network connections like e.g. GSM, Radio links, PSTN, ISDN, WAN (wide area network) LAN (local area network) fiber optic links, satellite links,... This approach has the following advantages over remote-control packages such as pcanywhere: Simpler to use software Faster implementation of measurement jobs because only information relevant to the measurements is transferred. There is no need to fiddle around with files Cost-effective solution as the connection to the measurement section can be interrupted during a measurement, so cutting costs Only one measurement unit is occupied during the connection and not the whole PC Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 3

4 Basic module of Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS Device drivers Receivers Device drivers Direction finders Device drivers Analyzer Device drivers System devices GMM Guided meas. mode ARR Record & Replay module IMM Interactive meas. mode BMM Bearing meas. mode AMM Automatic meas. mode EVAL Evaluation module ORM Order report module DIFF Difference meas. module SIS Station information system CMM Coverage meas. mode DM Digital meas. mode SYNC Synchronous meas. mode PAR Parallel meas. mode RCI Remote control interface DEI Data exchange interface SMDI Spectrum management database interface DCI Device control interface WEB Web control interface PMM Pulse meas. mode IDNT Identification module Modules of R&S ARGUS Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 4

5 Security concept Besides the password protection already implemented in Windows, the security concept of R&S ARGUS comprises four areas: Security through special access rights to files Security through user groups as owners of the files User class concept with grading of access rights Password protection R&S ARGUS has a security concept that authenticates users via a user name and password in different security areas. This ensures that data cannot be edited or deleted by every user. Users generally have different measurement and evaluation interests. It is assumed that users with similar interests are grouped together in a User Group. R&S ARGUS stipulates that users wishing to measure with the definition files of another user or evaluate the data of another user must belong to the same user group as the other user. A set of data which is to be evaluated must be comparable. R&S ARGUS requires that any set of data which is to be evaluated must come from the selected Measurement Units. User Groups are the current owners of R&S ARGUS files. These user-selectable, user group names are assigned to each user. All files are stored with the user group name of the user. They are invisible to members of other groups. Every user is assigned to one user group. In a file he has generated, the user can set the user group to Public. This allows users in other user groups to read and edit this file. The software recognizes two user classes with different access rights: Administrator and User. Every user must be assigned to exactly one user class. These user classes have different rights. The users of the user class Administrator can access all the software. Those in the user class User can access all the software except the configuration part. Every user authenticates himself in his user group and user class by entering a password when logging on to R&S ARGUS. Measurement modes All measurement tasks being run by the measurement software can share the same hardware, i.e. measurement devices and accessories. Naturally, the hardware can be available to one task for a certain time only. Nevertheless, thanks to sophisticated task scheduling within the software, the different measurement modes are able to consecutively use the hardware resources according to the time and priorities the operator has set for each. As long as the number and duration of the tasks are within reasonable bounds, it is easy to arrange for several measurement modes to use the same hardware. All this is available under a single license with R&S ARGUS running on the system process controller. Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 5

6 Different measurement modes offer the various monitoring, measuring and direction finding activities in a very dedicated way. These measurement modes are: direct measurement mode (DMM) interactive measurement mode (IMM) bearing measurement mode (BMM) automatic measurement mode (AMM) synchronous measurement mode (SYNC) parallel measurement mode (PAR) digital measurement mode (DM) guided measurement mode (GMM) coverage measurement mode (CMM) pulse measurement mode (PMM) Direct Measurement Mode This mode provides the operator with a fast way to monitor, measure, locate and identify emissions. The system visualizer in R&S ARGUS produces the schematic of a selected radio monitoring station: antennas, receivers, analyzers, decoders and recording equipment with all their connections are shown in graphical representation. The required connections between antennas and receivers can be selected and switched by a single mouse click. A second mouse click, on a device icon, opens the interface from which the user can control the device and perform the measurements. This interface simulates the functions and the settings of the device. Depending on the device driver, it contains several tabs each corresponding to a measurement type which can be performed by the device in question. Depending of the measurement type, the measurement results are shown using different types of graphics, tables or a numerical display. The measurement results can be saved for further analysis or for printing out. The direct measurement mode (DMM) is used to control the measurement equipment directly via virtual control panels. Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 6

7 Example illustrating the direct measurement mode with Monitoring Receiver R&S ESMB Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 7

8 Interactive Measurement Mode The interactive measurement mode (IMM) is used to obtain an overview of a spectrum, for analyzing and identifying electromagnetic emissions, for obtaining results when an antenna is moved, for analyzing intermodulation, for performing coverage measurements and for automatic detection of unknown signals. the necessary capability. Frequencies which are not of interest to the user can be suppressed for any measurement. If limits for a measurement parameter are defined, signal analysis can be started automatically if the value goes above or below the limit, e.g. to identify the appropriate transmission. Different IMM modes provide direct access to various activities. These modes are: Spectrum Signal Analysis Antenna Analysis Intermodulation Analysis Coverage Measurement Detection of Unknown Signals The dialog window is split into two sections. The upper section has the same settings for all modes. It contains the parameters for the selection of the mode, the selection of the devices, the most important device settings and the Start, Stop and Settings >> buttons. If the user wants to set special device settings, it is possible to open the device interfaces. With the Settings >> button the dialog window can be enlarged. The enlarged section contains the settings for the selected mode. Example illustrating the spectrum mode in the interactive measurement mode The measurement results are displayed using a cartesian diagram (measurement value vs. frequency). The measurement results can be saved for further evaluation or printed out. A report can be printed out directly from the IMM. The Spectrum mode gives the user a quick overview (level) of a frequency spectrum. This can be performed with scan (scanning from start frequency to stop frequency using frequency increments), frequency list scan (scanning using frequencies from a frequency list) or transmitter list scan (scanning using frequencies from a transmitter list). Additional measurements (e.g. the frequency offset or modulation) on all signals within the frequency band can also be made if the receiver has Typical measurement result from the spectrum mode Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 8

9 In the Signal Analysis mode electromagnetic emissions can be analyzed and identified. The user can select the frequency and the measurement parameters (e.g. level, frequency offset, bandwidth, modulation or location), depending on the capability of the selected devices. interest. The receiver is then automatically set to that frequency. The use of this method means that the measured spectrum can be analyzed very easily and quickly. In the Antenna Analysis mode, level measurements are performed on one frequency while the azimuth, the elevation or the height of a directional antenna is varied. This mode is only activated for steerable antennas. The user can define the antenna settings in two ways: he can select a range for the antenna and the antenna covers this range using the selected step width or he can select a settings list. In this list, he can enter antenna settings. Example illustrating the signal analysis mode in the interactive measurement mode The measurement results are displayed using a yt plot (measurement value vs. time). The measurement results can be saved for further evaluation or printing out. A report can be printed directly from the IMM. Example illustrating antenna analysis in the interactive measurement mode The measurement results are shown as a polar diagram (azimuth and elevation) or as a cartesian diagram (height). Typical measurement result obtained in Signal Analysis mode If the user wants to change the frequency during the measurement, this can be done very conveniently by using the graphic of the spectrum mode. Simply position the marker on the frequency of Moving a directional antenna for 360 and displaying the level vs. the azimuth gives immediately the direction of maximum intensity, i.e. the direction towards the transmitter. Thus, this mode can also be used for direction finding. This is especially important for frequencies above 3 GHz, the upper limit for most current direction finders. Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 9

10 The measurement results can be saved for further evaluation or to be printed out. A report can be printed directly from the IMM. Typical measurement result from the Antenna Analysis mode where I is the frequency on which the intermodulation is observed, A, B and C are the originating frequencies and the coefficients X, Y and Z the given harmonics. The number of originating frequencies, the maximum harmonics with two originating frequencies and the maximum harmonics with three originating frequencies are entered by the user. The maximum harmonics if there is one original frequency is 10. Some examples: Number of originating frequencies: 1 Formulas: 2A, 3A, 4A,..., 10 A Number of originating frequencies: 1 and 2 Max. harmonics with two originating freq.: 2 Formulas: 2A, 3A, 4A,..., 10 A, A+B, A-B, -A+B, 2A+B, 2A-B, -2A+B, A+2B, A-2B, -A+2B, 2A+2B, 2A-2B, -2A+2B Typical measurement result obtained in Antenna analysis mode The Intermodulation Analysis mode is used to track the emission producing an intermodulated signal. Intermodulations with up to three source signals are taken into account. There are four steps: First, the spectrum associated with the frequency range to be investigated is measured in the spectrum mode. Second, the number of frequency values can be restricted to a reasonable number by setting a threshold. Only frequencies with levels above the threshold are used. It is assumed that only strong transmitters are causing intermodulation. Third, the possible originating frequencies are calculated. The formula for calculating is Number of originating frequencies: 1 and 2 and 3 Max. harmonics with two originating freq.: 1 Max. harmonics with three originating freq.: 1 Formulas: 2A, 3A, 4A,..., 10 A, A+B, A-B, -A+B, A+B+C, A-B+C, A-B-C, -A+B+C, -A-B+C All frequencies determined in steps one and two are possible originating frequencies. The user can add or delete frequencies from this list. The originating frequencies are determined as follows: Number of originating frequencies = 1: A is calculated from the formulas and then a check is made to determine if this frequency ( IF bandwidth / 2) is in the list of possible originating frequencies. Number of originating frequencies = 2: B is directly determined from the list of possible originating frequencies. A is calculated from the formulas and then a check is made to determine if this frequency ( IF bandwidth / 2) is in the list of possible originating frequencies. I = ± X x A ± Y x B ± Z x C, Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 10

11 Example illustrating intermodulation analysis in the interactive measurement mode with typical IMA result calculated in the intermodulation analysis mode Number of originating frequencies = 3: B and C combinations are calculated from the list of possible originating frequencies. A is calculated from the formulas and then a check is made to determine if this frequency ( IF bandwidth / 2) is in the list of possible originating frequencies. In the final step, the intermodulation products calculated in this way can now be investigated by clicking the Start button in the IMM dialog window. All frequencies which can theoretically cause the intermodulation are compared acoustically with the observed intermodulation, using the receiver s builtin demodulator. The results are stored in an IMA Result file, sorted in the order of decreasing probability. The most probable results are those with the fewest original frequencies and the lowest order. The calculation results can be saved to an IMA Result file and reloaded at a later date. Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 11

12 In the Coverage Measurement mode, level measurements are performed while driving. This mode is only activated if a GPS receiver is available. Measurements can be performed with fixed frequency mode (measurement using one frequency) and frequency list scan (scanning using frequencies from a frequency list). With frequency list scan, the results of one frequency are displayed. After the measurement the results of the other frequencies can be displayed one by one. The user can set the time interval parameter. This is the time interval between two measurements. The results are displayed on electronic maps using the Geographical Information Software R&S MapView, where different colors represent different level ranges. Example illustrating a measurement result of a coverage measurement displayed in R&S MapView Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 12

13 The Detection of Unknown Frequencies mode provides a very efficient way to automatically identify new, unknown transmitters. In a first step a freely definable frequency range is scanned. Then, ARGUS will determine on which frequencies there is an emission. This can be done fully automatically (mathematically speaking, ARGUS will calculate local maxima in the spectrum). Additionally, the criterion for distinguishing noise from transmitters can be a user defined threshold or limit line. For fine tuning, e.g. to select weak signals from strong noise, a level offset can be applied. The result will be a list of occupied frequencies. In order to easily identify new, unknown emissions a list of known or licensed transmitters can be selected. These frequencies will not be included in the final list. Thus, the final result will be a list of occupied frequencies which are not known or licensed. This list can be saved for further evaluation and identification. Almost 40 transmitters have been automatically detected (see lower graphic), but after applying a reference list (e.g. imported from a license database) only 2 frequencies remain unknown Live measurement in MaxHold mode (red trace) and automatically determined transmitters Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 13

14 Bearing Measurement Mode The bearing measurement mode is used to locate transmitters. Up to four direction finders can be controlled simultaneously. The DF stations, bearings and locations can be displayed on digital maps within the Geographic Information Software R&S MapView. The following three BMM modes handle the activities in question: Bearing Replay Combine The dialog window is split into two sections. The upper section has all settings for the selected mode. The lower section contains the bearing results from every station involved, together with level, bearing, quality and recording time of the bearing, along with the longitude and latitude (if there are at least two stations or a SSL (single station location) station) and the error radius of the target location (if there are at least three stations). With the >> button the dialog window can be enlarged. In the Bearing mode, single-shot or continuous bearing measurements are performed on all emissions at one selected frequency within a range of 360 degrees or within sector(s) defined by the operator. Up to four measurement stations can be used simultaneously. The controlled devices can be direction finders or directional antennas on azimuth rotators. The directional antenna is rotated step-by-step through the angle range and the level is measured. The measurements are displayed as a polar diagram. The results are evaluated after all azimuth steps have been performed. Example illustrating the bearing mode in the bearing measurement mode Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 14

15 The angle with the maximum or minimum level (depending on the antenna) is displayed as bearing result. With this method it is possible to do direction finding at frequencies way above 3 GHz, the upper limit for currently available direction finders. Using appropriate antennas and down converter ARGUS can perform DF up to 256 GHz. The results are then automatically transferred to R&S MapView and/or Google Earth, where the bearing results are displayed. A result history is provided in the BMM dialog window and in R&S MapView and GoogleEarth to determine the best transmitter bearing. Using an appropriate transmitter list, the position of known transmitters can also be displayed on the map. This way the origin of a transmission can be very easily determined. If, for any reason, it is not possible to set up a connection to a measurement station, the results can be transmitted verbally from the remote station and entered manually on to the system by the user. In order to identify the emission or to make sure, that all direction finders are tracking the same signal, it is possible to listen to the audio of all stations involved. Furthermore, the IF spectra can be displayed. The bearing results can be saved for further evaluation, replayed, combined or printed. This mode can be included in the interactive measurement mode and in the automatic measurement mode. Example illustrating the bearing measurement mode (three stations connected) with results shown in R&S MapView Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 15

16 In the Replay mode, previously recorded bearing results are displayed in the BMM dialog window and/or in R&S MapView and GoogleEarth. After the bearing result and the time period have been selected, the bearing results can be displayed singly or continuously. This mode is also useful if a user has only one vehicle. Firstly, the vehicle must move to the initial DF point. The bearing is taken. Then, the vehicle must move to the next DF point and again the bearing is taken. The two bearings are then used to determine the location of the transmitter (running fix). If necessary, further bearings can be taken and combined. Example illustrating the replay mode in the bearing measurement mode The Combine mode is used to combine previously recorded bearing results. This is very useful for users without any direct connection to the DF stations. The bearing measurements can be performed in each station. Later, the bearing results can be combined somewhere else and the location of the transmitter can be calculated. When the bearing results, the frequency and, if required, the level and quality threshold have been selected, the bearing results can be combined. The results can be displayed in the Bearing Result dialog window and/or in R&S MapView and GoogleEarth using the Replay mode. Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 16

17 Example illustrating the Combine mode in the bearing measurement mode Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 17

18 Automatic Measurement Mode The automatic measurement mode is used to automatically perform measurements according to a schedule. The user defines the measurement tasks and starts them. Then the measurements will be performed automatically, exactly as defined by the user. The measurement results can be evaluated while the task is being performed or when it has been completed. The measurement runs at the measurement unit. This means that in case of remote control (i.e. control and measurement unit are running on different computers) no connection between the measurement unit and the control unit is required during the measurement, thus drastically minimizing network costs. Simply connect from the control unit to the measurement unit, define and start the measurement and disconnect. The measurement will continue and the results will be saved in the measurement unit. When the control unit and the measurement unit are connected again, the measurement results can be transferred. Cyclic measurements can be performed at certain times of the day and over a period of days, months or even years. Long-term monitoring of parameters can be performed. For each frequency and parameter an upper and/or lower limit can be defined. If during a measurement one of these limits has been exceeded several options are possible. The alarms can be displayed on the screen at a manned station or passed to the central station if the alarm is at an unmanned station. Furthermore, a new measurement can be started for a detailed examination of a frequency that triggered the alarm. It is possible e.g. to perform various modulation measurements, the audio can be recorded or additional measurement stations with DF equipment can be integrated in order to determine the location of that emitter. Rotators and masts can also be controlled so that the measurements are also performed at certain azimuths, elevations, polarizations and heights. The measurement results can be saved in different formats: Measurement result: All measurement results are saved. MaxHold: Only one data record with the MaxHold value for each frequency is saved. If the measurement task exceeds 23:59:49 the MaxHold values of the day are buffered at midnight and the measurement result file is deleted. The MaxHold determination is continued the next day with the buffered values as first input. Compressed measurement result: The mean, the maximum, the minimum value and the standard deviation during a user defined period is saved for each frequency. Measurement result during an alarm: Measurement results are only saved if an alarm criterion if fulfilled, i.e. a measurement values exceeds the upper or lower limit. Begin and end of an alarm: For each frequency where an alarm condition is fulfilled, date, time, measurement value and status (High, Low, OK) are saved. Measurement result during and compressed measurement result outside an alarm: If no alarm condition is active: the mean, the maximum, the minimum value and the standard deviation during a user defined period is saved for each frequency. If an alarm condition is active: all measurement results are saved. Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 18

19 The user can set up an AMM procedure quickly and easily using the AMM Wizard. The AMM Wizard guides the user through the appropriate dialog windows where he can make the necessary entries to set up the AMM. The Wizard then generates the necessary definition files. The second definition file is the measurement definition. For each measurement, the user selects the range definition (i.e. the devices and appropriate settings), the measurement type (scan, frequency list scan, transmitter list scan or fixed frequency mode) and the measurement frequency or frequencies. For location measurements, the parameters of the bearing measurement mode must be set. Measurements where the azimuth or elevation of a directional antenna is varied can only be performed with steerable antennas. The measurement results can be saved for further evaluation; the type of graphic (yt plot, cartesian diagram, 3D waterfall diagram, polar diagram, 2D waterfall diagram) can be selected if appropriate for the measurement. The first of the five AMM Wizard steps available To provide a high level of flexibility, three definition files are used to define an automatic measurement task. The first definition file is the range definition for all frequency ranges of interest the user can define individual devices to be used and their settings. The available measurement parameters for all subranges are also displayed. Example illustrating a measurement definition The alarm conditions and actions for a measurement parameter can be defined. A limit can be defined by a limit value (limit value is constant over the frequency range), by a limit line (limit values vary over the frequency range) or by the limit values from the transmitter list. The alarm actions can be a message, a signal tone or a measurement. Example illustrating a range definition Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 19

20 The third definition file is the timing definition where the user selects the measurement definition, the start and stop date, the daily start and stop, the measurement interval. The day of the week on which measurements are to be performed can also be selected. The timing definition can be selected in the automatic measurement mode dialog window. The user can then start the measurement by clicking the Start button. The graphics are opened automatically. Example illustrating a timing definition Example illustrating result of automatic measurement mode Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 20

21 Difference measurement module After that the difference is calculated and displayed. The difference measurement module is an addition to the automatic measurement mode. With this module simultaneous measurements with two receivers or analyzers of the same type can be performed. This feature can be used with scan (scanning from start frequency to stop frequency using frequency increments) and frequency list scan (scanning using frequencies from a frequency list). After each scan the difference of the two measurements is calculated. The frequency spectrum of both devices and the difference can be displayed in graphics. To eliminate noise a threshold can be defined by the user. The frequency spectrum of each receiver is calculated for each frequency as follows: Measured field strength threshold field strength = measured field strength Measured field strength < threshold field strength = threshold The saving of the difference results are done via special criteria for each frequency. These criteria can be a limit value, a limit line or both. Limit value selected, limit line not selected: Difference level > limit value Saving Limit value selected, limit line selected: Difference level > limit value AND field strength of the reference receiver > limit line Saving Limit value not selected, limit line selected: Field strength of the reference receiver > limit line Saving The date and time, frequency, field strengths of both receivers and the difference will be saved. All standard receivers and spectrum analyzers can be used. Thus, the frequency range from 100 Hz up to 256 GHz is covered. Monitored room Antenna R&S EM100 Reference room Antenna R&S EM100 Hub LAN Operator room Control/Meas. PC R&S ARGUS Installed modules: Basic module R&S AMM R&S DIFF R&S ARGUS-RX Example for using the difference measurement module Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 21

22 The lower graphic shows the result of the reference receiver, taken in a nearby clean room. The middle graphic shows the result of the monitoring receiver, taken at the same time in the room to check. The upper graphic displays the difference of the two spectra. Note the strong emission at 93,1 MHz clearly peeking out in the difference spectrum. It can as well be seen in the spectrum of the monitoring receiver. But here it is just one emission among many, many others, nothing indicating that this peak is suspicious. Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 22

23 Synchronous measurement mode The synchronous measurement mode is a functional upgrade of the device driver EB200, ESMB, ESMD, EM050, FSP, ESPI, FSQ, DDF1xx, DDF255 and DDF0xAE. It allows to define master devices in the Direct Measurement Mode (DMM), which are able to control one or more slave devices. The master device analyses a frequency spectrum (DScan, Scan, FLScan, Sweep) while the slave device analyses a single frequency selected at the master device using the marker function. In addition to the frequency the measurement settings will be transferred from the master to the slave device. A slave device can be operated in the Set or the Follow Mode. In the Set Mode frequency and measurement settings will be transferred once, upon user action. In the Follow Mode subsequent changes of frequency and / or measurement settings at the master device will be transferred to the slave device, automatically. Also, the Bearing Measurement Mode (only for software option BMM) can be controlled by a master device. Example of ESMB as Master with 4 Slave devices Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 23

24 Digital measurement mode The new digital measurement mode is optimized for dedicated measurements of digitally modulated signals. Special emphasis has been given to provide maximum support for users who are less experienced in this relatively new field of measurements. The operator is guided step by step through several dialog windows each prompting for the relevant information. Depending on the selected measurement type and modulation standard the device settings are automatically set to be a perfect match for this kind of signal. If the user modifies these settings, values which would lead to a non-compliant measurement are marked in red, clearly indicating that this parameter should be changed. Typical modulation standards for which default settings are available are i.e. GSM, UMTS, DAB, DVB, WLAN or Bluetooth. Among the supported measurements is the determination of the vestigial side band emissions. This is of particular importance with DAB and DVB-T transmitters. Here, due to the almost rectangular shape of the RF spectrum, practically the full transmitting energy is present directly at the boundary to channels of adjacent radio services. Given the large number of carriers within this kind of signal, the formation of intermodulation products is very likely. Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 24

25 Parallel measurement mode The parallel measurement mode can be used for synchronized measurements of a parameter using up to four different measurement units. Like the bearing measurement mode where up to four measurement units can perform combined direction finding, the parallel measurement mode can be used for combined measurements of any parameter. All the results are combined into a single file, saved on the measurement unit where the parallel measurement mode has been started. It is also possible to listen to the audio of all devices involved. Thus, it can be easily confirmed that all stations are really monitoring the same transmitter. First, the operator selects the measurement units and the devices used for this task. Next, he selects the parameter to be measured and defines the device settings. Upon starting the measurement the connections to the measurement units are established, the settings are sent to the devices and the measurements are performed. Dialog window of parallel measurement mode Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 25

26 Guided measurement mode The guided measurement mode is especially designed for less experienced operators. Key point here is the integrated knowledge data base. For a large number of frequency ranges default values for the device settings are defined. These defaults depend on the frequency, the measurement parameter (e.g. Level, Offset, Bandwidth, ) and are defined according to the relevant ITU recommendations. The user simply selects the frequency / frequency range and the measurement parameter(s). The system automatically offers only those devices which can perform the measurements according to the ITU recommendations. Also, the default values are displayed in the dialog window. It is possible for the operator to modify these settings. Any settings, which are not compliant with the relevant ITU recommendation, are marked in red, clearly indicating the discrepancy. Even with the non-compliant settings the measurements can be done. If the measurement results are saved, it is indicated in the file info whether the parameters were compliant or not. Thus, the operator is given a very powerful tool which guides him in order to quickly and efficiently perform his measurement tasks the way it is recommended by the ITU. Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 26

27 Coverage measurement mode The coverage measurement mode supplies extended possibilities for measurements of analogue and digital signals according to the relevant ITU requirements. For analogue signals the measurement parameters Level and Adjacent Channel Interference (Carrier to Interference Ratio) are provided. For digital signals Level, Bit Error Rate (BER, for DVB-T) and Channel Impuls Response (CIR, for DVB-T) are provided. All parameters are measured while driving. A connected GPS adds high-precision geocoordinates for each measurement point. Measurements can either be performed on a single frequency or on multiple frequencies defined in a frequency list. The integrated View mode enables the operator to quickly scan the spectrum and detect emissions on adjacent channels. Like in the Guided and in the Digital Measurement Mode default values for a large number of frequency ranges are predefined. The operator simply selects the frequency (range) and ARGUS suggests optimum device setting according to the resp. ITU recommendations. These settings can be modified by the operator but non-compliant settings are indicated by a bold red font. To further enhance to usability and operator support the maximum recommended vehicle speed is displayed (the ITU recommends to perform 50 individual measurements within the distance of 40 λ). The results are displayed on electronic maps using the Geographical Information Software R&S MapView, where different colors represent different, user-definable value ranges. Dialog window of coverage measurement mode Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 27

28 Pulse Measurement Mode The pulse measurement mode is designed to detect, analyse and identify pulsed signals. In a first step the frequency range of interest is scanned. A list of all currently active frequencies is created automatically. Like in the other guided modes the operator can select a predefined frequency range and ARGUS will provide the appropriate device settings. Finally, these values are compared with data from a reference data base. Thus, the signals can be identified. Both data bases (for device settings and reference values) can be edited and modified by the operator. Subsequently, characteristic parameters like pulse duration, pulse repetition rate, scan cycle or beam width are determined for the signals found in step one. Again, the device settings are based on the internal knowledge data base. Example illustrating step 3 of the pulse measurement mode Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 28

29 Identification The identification module is an extremely powerful tool when it comes to decoding signals. If more than one frequency is to be analyzed or if the decoding mode of the signal is already known, the Automatic Measurement Mode (AMM) is a very efficient tool. More than 110 decoding modes have been implemented in the software. The operator can use the decoder in various measurement modes. All results can be saved for further evaluation and analysis. Where applicable the audio of the signal can also be recorded and later on replayed. Dialog window IDNT In the Direct Measurement Mode (DMM) the operator can e.g. try out different modes to analyze a signal until the identification is complete. Receiver parameters like frequency and IF bandwidth can be conveniently set via the corresponding receiver dialog window. Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 29

30 Decoding Mode Special Modes FEC Modes MFSK Modes CIS Modes ARQ Modes MIL STD 188 Series Audio Recording Common Modes SELCALL VHF/UHF Modes Measurement Parameter AUM13, EPIRB, GMDSS HF, G-TOR, DGPS-SC104 (not implemented), GW-Dataplex, HF Datalink, IRA ARQ, Merod, MUM-13, Skyfax, Twinplex, VISEL FEC100, FEC100 dirty, FEC100 interleaved, FED100 raw, FEC-A, FEC-S, FEC-B SITOR-B, ROU-FEC, HNG-FEC Coquelet-8, Coquelet-13, Coquelet-8 FEC, Coquelet-8 FEC auto, Coquelet-8 FEC auto start, CROWD 36, Piccolo 6, Piccolo 12, FIRE, MFSK 16, MFSK 18, FMSK 20, RF7B , 81-29, 81-81, Baudot-F7B, BEE 36-50, CIS-12 Fire, CIS-11 TORG-10/11, CIS-14 TORG-14, R 37 ARQ-2 TDM-242, ARQ-4 TDM-342, ARQ6-70, ARQ6-90/98, ARQ 625 SITOR A, ARQ-DUPLEX, ARQ-E, ARQ-E3, ARQ-Pol, ARQ-Swed, ARQ-S ARQ-1000, HC-ARQ, RS-ARQ, RS-ARQ Merlin, TOR Dirty MIL STD tone, MIL STD serial, MIL STD ALE, STANAG-4285, STANAG-4529 Radio Quality, Telephone Quality ASCII AUTOSPEC, BAUDOT, BAUDOT SYNCHR, BF6 BAUDOT, CW, CW-F1b, Fax-AM, Fax-FM, Hell, PACKET AX-25, PACTOR I, PACTOR II, PSK-31, SITOR A/B auto, SSTV ARINC ANNEX 10, CCIR1, CCIR2, CCITT, CODAN 8550/CCIR , CTCSS, DCSS, DTMF, EEA, EIA, EURO, NATEL, TT classification, VEDW, ZVEI 1, ZVEI 2, ZVEI 1-13 BIIS, ZVEI ITA xtone ACARS SITA, ATIS GMDSS, Cityruf, MDT, ERMES, FMS-BOS, FLEX, MPT 1327, INMARSAT-C TDM, INMARSAT-C TDMA, POCSAG List of implemented decoding modes Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 30

31 Digital Radio Mondial (DRM) Digital Radio Mondial is the new digital radio system for frequencies < 30 MHz (currently). Some of the benefits are that existing long-, short- and medium-wave bands can be used. With the COFMD modulation near-fm audio quality can be reached. In addition to the audio further data and information can be transmitted simultaneously. Furthermore, status information about synchronization and various CRCs are given. Various technical parameters are measured and displayed. All results can be saved for later evaluation. This includes the audio signal as well as multimedia content. The ARGUS device driver displays the output data of the DRM decoder. Most importantly, the names of the available services are shown. After the operator has selected a service relevant information like service name, bit rate, audio compression format, sample rates are shown. Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 31

32 If additional data is transmitted, it will also be displayed. This can be simple text messages or even multimedia content like graphics or slide shows. Of course, it is possible to simply listen to the radio program via the PC speakers. Hardware requirements are receivers with LAN interface, e.g. ESMB (with HF-option); EB200 or EM050 / EM550 and for the PC a soundcard with speaker / headphones. Example of a DRM measurement result file Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 32

33 Audio One of the fastest and most efficient ways to identify an emission is to simply listen to the signal. One can tell immediately what kind of information is broadcasted. In case of voice it is clearly distinguishable whether it is direct communication like taxi or air traffic control or general broadcast like radio or TV and after a short period of time it is usually possible to tell who is transmitting. In case of data transmission one can usually not directly decode the content. But the type of transmission has been determined. Very experienced operators can even tell the type of modulation by listening. This information is extremely helpful for further analysis of the signal, e.g. using the ARGUS IDNT module. Consequently, in all the relevant places within ARGUS it is possible to listen to the audio. When the option ARR is available analogue and digital audio can be transferred from the devices to the PC. Here, the audio can be output to the PC speaker, so that the operator can listen even if the device itself is far away. Devices with analogue audio output (e.g. FSPx, EK89x) are connected to the Line-In input of the soundcard. In this case the device configuration has to be set up accordingly. To listen to the audio the following dialog window is used. The operator can define the audio quality mode, the sensitivity of the Line-In interface as well as the volume. For devices which provide digital audio the situation is even easier. The controls for volume and audio quality are automatically integrated into the respective device drivers. Devices which currently support this feature are EB200, ESMB, EM510, EM550, PR100, EM100, ESMD, DDF255, DDF0xA and DDF0xE. The digital audio is also available in the Bearing Measurement Mode (BMM) and Parallel Measurement Mode (PAR). This means, e.g. that while the direction finding and location is being performed the operator can listen live to the audio of all direction finder / receiver involved. That is very useful to make sure that all devices are investigating the same transmitter since with direction finder being far away from each other it may happen that one device monitors a different transmitter using the same frequency. The audio signals, both from analogue and digital sources are also available in remote control mode. Thus, an operator in a national control station can listen to the live signal taken in a remote measurement station hundreds of kilometers away. Thanks to the highly sophisticated client / server architecture of the ARGUS system a network bandwidth of only 2.5 kbit/s is required for good quality audio transfer. Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 33

34 Record and Replay In addition to listen to the audio signal the ARR option furthermore enables to record the audio data and IF spectra. These data can be saved as a normal ARGUS measurement result file. The standard measurement result file options like display as text, edit, delete, create and read backup files, are available. Furthermore, saved measurement result files can be replayed. This means that the data is displayed in exactly the same time steps as it has been recorded. (Note: This is a major difference compared to the Open as Graphic option, where all results are shown at once.) Selecting a result file and clicking on the Replay button in the Navigator will open the Replay dialog window. All the measurement parameter from the file can be selected for replay. The results can be displayed as a table as well as in various types of graphics. Bearing results can additionally be displayed in the Geographic Information Software R&S MapView. The progress bar in the Replay dialog window indicates the current replay position. The same information can be seen in the table editor and in the preview window where it is indicated by the marker. Example of replay mode: IF spectrum, IF spectrum MaxHold, IF spectrum history, level and offset as graphic all results as table plus audio (not visible) The audio can be output via the soundcard and speakers / headphones. For improved usability the replay speed and the volume can be adjusted. Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 34

35 Process measurement result files Four possibilities are available to process measurement results in R&S ARGUS. A measurement result file can be combined with other measurement result files in one measurement result file for a common evaluation evaluated to create statistical data like compressed results, MaxHold results, measurement results during an alarm, begin and end of an alarm or measurement result during and compressed measurement result outside an alarm extended with information from transmitter lists and occupancy data. split in different files with filter criteria like time, frequency, measurement values or antenna settings Process Measurement Result Files dialog window Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 35

36 Displaying measurement results The measurement results can always be displayed in alphanumerical format. Additionally, a graphical representation is possible. Both, live graphics as well as offline graphics (display of previously recorded results) are available. Depending on the type of measurement, the following graphic types can be selected: y-t plot, cartesian diagram, polar diagram, 3D waterfall diagram and 2D waterfall diagram with frequency occupancy diagram. Measurement result displayed in the table editor and displayed as 3D waterfall diagram Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 36

37 Measurement result displayed as 2D waterfall diagram with frequency occupancy diagram Measurement result displayed as polar diagram Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 37

38 Evaluation module With the evaluation module, the following software functions are available: Statistics according to ITU recommendations can be performed Automatic detection of unknown transmitters Report generation is possible Statistics With the evaluation module a comprehensive statistical analysis of measurement results can be made according to ITU recommendations. The following statistics are available: Frequency Band Occupancy Frequency band occupancy involves the calculation of the occupancy for the whole frequency band measured. Two graphics are opened: The 2D waterfall diagram shows frequency along the x-axis and time along the y-axis. A symbol represents the measurement values that exceed a user-defined threshold. The frequency occupancy diagram shows frequency along the x-axis and frequency occupancy values in [%] along the y-axis. The frequency occupancy is calculated for every frequency as follows: Frequency band occupancy Frequency channel occupancy Number of meas. values Threshold 100 Total number of meas. values Measurement value statistics Transmission statistics Sub-audio tone statistics Example illustrating frequency band occupancy Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 38

39 Frequency Channel Occupancy For this kind of statistic three types are available: Occupancy over the time: the frequency occupancy is displayed in [%] along the time axis. The time axis begins with the start date and time of the measurement result and ends with the stop date and time of the measurement result. Occupancy, 24 Hours: this option is only available if the measurement took longer than 24 hours. Then the maximum, mean and minimum occupancy is calculated and displayed for each interval from 00:00 h until 24:00 h. Only the selected days of the week are considered. Overshoot frequencies over the time: the overshoot frequencies 0%, 10%, 50%, 90% and 100% of the measured values are displayed along the time axis. The graph consists of bars whose width represents the interval. The overshoot frequencies 0% (maximum value), 10%, 50%, 90% and 100% (minimum value) are shown as lines within the bar at the corresponding measured value. An overshoot frequency of 0% means that no measured value is greater than or equal to a particular measured value. This value is the largest measured value plus a value corresponding to the smallest step width of the measured value unit. The overshoot frequencies 0%, 10%, 50%, 90% and 100% are important representative values. In addition to the graphical statistics various statistical data can be calculated in the Frequency Channel Occupancy dialog window: Revisit time: The revisit time is directly dependent on the measurement time, the number of channels (in case of a frequency list scan), and any waiting time between the individual measurements: Revisit time = (measurement time per channel + waiting time per channel) x (number of channels) Transmission length: Transmission length is the duration of a transmission data burst that is above the specified threshold level. The accuracy of the transmission length determination depends highly on the revisit time. The occupancy is calculated for every interval as follows: Number of meas. values Total number of meas. values threshold 100 The overshoot frequency is calculated for every measurement value as follows: Number of meas. values a measured value 100 Total number of meas. values Busy hour: Busy hour is defined as the moment on the slidinghour average line where the occupancy is at the highest within a 24 hour interval from 00:00 to 24:00. As an example with an interval of 15 minutes the sliding hour average determination is done in two steps: First samples of 15 minutes are averaged, resulting in 96 samples per day. Second each 15 minutes average-value is then used to form a so-called sliding 1-hour average. That is 4 pieces of 15-minutes samples are averaged 96 times a day (beginning at each quarter of an hour). An overshoot frequency of 100% means that all measured values are greater than or equal to a particular measured value. It therefore follows that this is the lowest measured value. Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 39

40 Frequency Channel Occupancy dialog window Example illustrating frequency channel occupancy: Occupancy over the time (green trace) and Busy Hour (red trace) Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 40

41 Example illustrating frequency channel occupancy: Overshoot frequencies over the time Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 41

42 Measurement Value Statistics The Measurement Value Statistics indicate how often each measured value occurs and how often each measured value has been exceeded. These calculations can be used to provide information about the variance of measured values, the stability of measured values, the environmental noise component and cross-modulation and intermodulation effects. Two graphics are opened: The measured value frequency graph has the measurement value along the x-axis and the frequency [%] along the y-axis. The measured value frequency is calculated for every measurement value as follows: Number of meas. values Total number of meas. values for a measured value 100 The overshoot frequency graph has the measured value along the x-axis and the overshoot frequency in [%] along the y-axis. The overshoot frequency is calculated for every measurement value as follows: Number of meas. values Total number of meas. values a measured value 100 An overshoot frequency of 100% means that all measured values are greater than or equal to a particular measured value. It therefore follows that this is the lowest measured value. An overshoot frequency of 0% means that no measured value is greater than or equal to a particular measured value. This value is the greatest measured value plus a value corresponding to the smallest step width of the measured value unit. The overshoot frequencies 0%, 10%, 50%, 90% and 100% are important representative values. Example illustrating measurement value statistics Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 42

43 Transmission Statistic Transmission statistic enables the user to determine how often and how long a channel has been used for transmission. The threshold for these statistics is settable. The following definitions apply: t(tot): Total observation time (t(on) + t(off)). t(on): Sum of all times during which the measured value is above the threshold. t(off): Sum of all times during which the measured value is below the threshold. t(trans): Sum of all times during which the measured value is above the threshold. Only times at which the value exceeds the threshold and then drops below it again are counted. t(trans) can only be calculated if the threshold is exceeded twice within t(tot). The Transmission Statistics - Transmission graph shows transmission time along the x-axis and transmission in [%] along the y-axis. The transmission times are displayed using 1-second grids. The graph is not displayed if the threshold is not exceeded twice within the entire measurement time. Number of transmission times within a sec ond 100 Total number of transmission times The Transmission Statistics - Gap graph shows pause time along the x-axis and the gap in [%] along the y-axis. The pause times are displayed over 5-second grids. The graph is not displayed if the threshold is not undershot twice within the entire measurement time. Number of pause times within 5 sec onds 100 Total number of pause times t(gap): Sum of all times during which the measurement value is below the threshold. Only times at which the value drops below the threshold and then exceeds it again are counted. t(gap) can only be calculated if the threshold is overshot or undershot twice t(tot). Level Threshold Time t(tot) t(on) t(off) t(trans) t(gap) Example illustrating the definition Two graphics are opened: Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 43

44 Example illustrating transmission statistics Sub Audio Tone Occupancy Sub-audio tone occupancy statistics enable the user to ascertain how often and how long transmissions have been made with a certain sub audio tone. The result is shown as a table. The entire transmission time (column t(on)) is given for every subaudio tone (Theo. Sub Audio Tone column). How often the tone has been measured (Number column) is also specified. Example illustrating sub audio tone occupancy Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 44

45 Detection of unknown frequencies Generation of reports Saved scan measurement results can be used to automatically detect new or unknown transmitters. Similar to the procedure in the Interactive Measurement Mode (IMM), occupied frequencies can be determined fully automatically or via limit lines and thresholds. A reference list of known transmitters can be utilized to eliminate licensed stations. Thus, the result is a list of occupied frequencies which have not been characterized as known or good. Here, in the evaluation module this analysis is performed offline, after the measurement. In the IMM the analysis is performed live, while the measurement is still running. R&S ARGUS gives the user comprehensive documentation options with the evaluation module. Measurement results, measurement definitions and statistical evaluations in the form of graphs or tables can be compiled and configured by the user for reports. These reports can be printed out on the operating-system printer or in an RTF format file with the DEI software option. Via the integrated RTF-Editor the user can create various templates to modify the look and feel of the report according to his own preferences or corporate identity. Create report dialog window for generation of reports Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 45

46 Station information system provides map tools which can geo-reference and integrate standard maps in jpg-format. The Station Information System (SIS) provides always up-to-date information on all monitoring stations in the network. The status of the stations as well as of the respective equipment is displayed on a map. For each station the following data is provided: The map can not only display the distribution and current status of the entire monitoring network, it can also be used to select stations for the Bearing Measurement Mode (BMM) or directly establish a connection by a single click on the respective station s icon. name location (latitude, longitude) type (fixed, mobile) max. data transfer rate current connection status user logged in measurements running status of all devices (physical / virtual) Furthermore, for each station equipped with a SA129 the following data is provided: temperature humidity Example: distribution and status of monitoring stations within a nationwide network smoke fire open doors / windows power supply UPS (depending on selected sensors) The ARGUS system can automatically poll all configured stations in a user-definable time interval. The update can also be triggered manually. Alarm information is saved into a log file. Default maps for all countries are provided. However, the customer can also create his own maps. SIS Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS Example: Zoom using a high resolution satellite image (Source: Google Earth) 46

47 Order Report Module The open interface Order Report Module (ORM) enables other applications to define measurement tasks (orders) for and to receive the measurement results (report) from the Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS. All results are send as file in XML format to the OUTBOX folder of R&S ARGUS. The application which had sent the measurement order shall permanently monitor the OUTBOX. It should notify an output immediately and retrieve it for further actions. Order Application Report INBOX OUTBOX R&S ARGUS itself can also create orders. The handling is the same like with the application. The reports with the results will send back to the originating position. The ORM ARGUS Data Channel (ORM ADC) is an extension to the standard ORM. While ORM provides the report after the end of the measurement, ORM ADC provides a live data stream. The output of the receivers can be sent directly to a user-definable IP-address and port. Thus, the results are available live. However, the customer has to create his own application that deals with the data. R&S ARGUS All orders from the application have to be send as file in XML (Extensible Markup Language) format to the INBOX folder of R&S ARGUS. The INBOX is permanently monitored by R&S ARGUS. It notifies an input immediately and transfers it to the order/report list. If the measurement order is set to automatic performance the measurements are performed automatically with an AMM. If the measurement order is set to manual performance an operator has to perform the measurements. The orders can be transmitted to several independent operating positions if the order has included tasks for them. In this case the order report module must be installed on all used positions and a network connection must be available. Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 47

48 Standard interfaces The basic module of R&S ARGUS has the following interfaces: R&S ARGUS (Control Unit) R&S ARGUS (Local Measurement Unit) The R&S ARGUS R&S MapView interface transfers transmitter data, coverage results, measurement results with location information and bearing results from R&S ARGUS to R&S MapView. R&S ARGUS Backup files R&S ARGUS R&S MapView Prerequisite: Both software packages must be running simultaneously on one computer during the The R&S ARGUS (Control Unit) R&S ARGUS (Local Measurement Unit) interface transfers data between an R&S ARGUS control unit and a local R&S ARGUS measurement unit. R&S ARGUS transfer. R&S MapView Direct The connection is made automatically by the software when R&S ARGUS is started. Data is transferred automatically by the software, if needed. The R&S ARGUS Backup files interface saves R&S ARGUS files to hard disk, or other media, and transfers files between different R&S ARGUS software packages. With the basic module transmitter data are transferred by selecting the File Display in R&S MapView menu command in the transmitter list editor. With the IMM software option measurement results with location information are transferred by clicking the Start button in the Interactive Measurement Mode dialog window in Coverage Measurement mode or by selecting the File Display in R&S MapView menu command in the table editor. With the BMM software option bearing results are transferred by clicking the Start button in the Bearing Measurement Mode dialog window. R&S ARGUS Backup files The files are created by selecting the Create Backup Files... button in the Navigator System Files dialog window. Files are read and deleted by clicking the appropriate buttons in the Navigator Backup Files dialog window. Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 48

49 Additional interfaces R&S ARGUS has the following additional interfaces: Remote Control Interface (RCI) Data Exchange Interface (DEI) Spectrum Management Database Interface (SMDI) Device Control Interface (DCI) Web Interface (WEB) The Remote Control Interface (RCI) transfers data between an R&S ARGUS control unit and a remote R&S ARGUS measurement unit. R&S ARGUS R&S ARGUS Import of dbase, Excel, text, commadelimited ASCII, Access and html files with 1. frequencies 2. general transmitter data (only EN or DE) 3. FM transmitter data (only EN or DE) 4. TV transmitter data (only EN or DE) Export of - measurement results - bearing results - measurement processes - general transmitter lists - FM transmitter lists (only EN or DE) - TV transmitter lists (only EN or DE) in dbase, Excel, text, comma-delimited ASCII, Access, XML and html files and export of - frequency channel occupancy data in comma-delimited ASCII files LAN / WAN Prerequisites: A TCP/IP network must be installed. Both software packages must be running simultaneously during the transfer. The connection is set up by selecting the remote measurement unit and clicking the Connect or Connect and Activate button in the Select Meas. Unit dialog window. Data is transferred automatically by the software, if needed. R&S ARGUS Print in rtf files The Data Exchange Interface (DEI) has the task of importing files with frequencies, general, FM or TV transmitter data and exporting measurement results, bearing results, measurement processes and all types of transmitter lists to files. The files can be in dbase, Excel, text, comma-delimited ASCII, Access, XML and html format. The standard ITU data exchange formats according to ECC recommendations (05) 01 and (02) 03 are implemented as well. Additionally, the user can freely define his own export format. Frequency channel occupancy data can be exported to files in commadelimited ASCII format. In addition printouts can be made in RTF format. Frequencies are imported by selecting File Import Frequency List... menu command and clicking the Open button in the Import Frequency List dialog window. Transmitter data are imported by selecting File Import Transmitter List... menu command and clicking the Open button in the Import Transmitter List dialog window. Measurement results, bearing results, measurement processes, transmitter lists and frequency channel occupancy data are exported by clicking the Export... button in the Navigator System Files dialog window. The printer setup is extended with RTF Document. Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 49

50 The Spectrum Management Database Interface (SMDI) imports transmitter data and occupied and unassigned frequencies from spectrum management databases. Furthermore, measurement results can be transferred to spectrum management databases. R&S ARGUS This interface is used to: give inputs for engineering Spectrum Management Database Measurement result files can be sent to the database by clicking the Export... button in the Navigator System Files dialog window. The parameters for the database query as well as the measurement result files are written by the R&S ARGUS system into files in the XML format. In order to communicate with the database a little conversion tool has to be created which translates the R&S ARGUS format into the database format and vice versa. With this open interface R&S ARGUS can connect to virtually any spectrum management system, independent of the manufacturer (e.g. LStelcom, ATDI, Bilkent) the operating system and the database engine (e.g. dbase, Oracle, Sybase). verify the results of engineering locate and identify unlicensed transmitters locate and identify harmful interference detect emissions with characteristics that do not meet license conditions verify the transmitter parameters of licensed stations update spectrum management databases with measurement results The interface between R&S ARGUS and the Spectrum Management Database is realized by exchanging files in XML (Extensible Markup Language) format. Schematic of information flow for data exchange between R&S ARGUS and Spectrum Management Database Transmitter data or frequencies which are stored in a spectrum management system are imported by selecting the File Import Data from Database... menu command and clicking the OK button in the Import Transmitter Data or Frequencies dialog window. The search criteria are frequencies, location, service, signature and call sign. Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 50

51 The Device Control Interface (DCI) is an open interface on device level. It enables the customer to create device driver for his own (even non-r&s) equipment. Via the DCI interface virtually all types of radio monitoring hardware can be integrated into the R&S ARGUS system. These devices can fully benefit from all features provided by R&S ARGUS, like e.g. measurement modes, evaluation, graphical display, file management The content of delivery comprises detailed documentation, example source code and up to 5 hours online support. The software option DCI is available in two versions, Basic and Enhanced. Basic enables the control of devices like switch units, rotors, recorder, whereas Enhanced can control more sophisticated devices, e.g. receiver, analyzer, direction finder. The Web Interface (WEB) enables access to ARGUS stations via a web browser. On the control PC only a web browser and the Java runtime environment need to be installed, no ARGUS specific software is required. Via this web interface receivers of the Rohde & Schwarz ESMB family, the ESMD, EM510, EM550, EM100, PR100 as well as the DDF255, DDF0xE and DDDF1xx direction finders and the UMS100/120 can be controlled. In addition, steerable antennas can also be controlled. Further information Further information on the system family R&S ARGUS is available on the Internet at or from your local Rohde & Schwarz representative. Information can also be obtained by to [email protected]. Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS 51

52 Ordering Information Basic Module The basic module contains one license for R&S ARGUS, data administration, graphics, configuration, direct measurement mode, antenna device drivers, standard software interfaces and electronic manuals Note: Can be ordered just in connection with other software modules! R&S ARGUS Automatic Measurement Mode (AMM) R&S ARGUS Bearing Measurement Mode (BMM) R&S ARGUS Coverage Measurement Mode (CMM) R&S ARGUS Digital Measurement Mode (DM) R&S ARGUS Guided Measurement Mode (GMM) R&S ARGUS Interactive Measurement Mode (IMM) R&S ARGUS Parallel Measurement Mode (PAR) R&S ARGUS Pulse Measurement Mode (PMM) R&S ARGUS Synchronous Measurement Mode (SYNC) R&S ARGUS Evaluation Module (EVAL) R&S ARGUS Difference Measurement Module (DIFF) Note: requires option AMM R&S ARGUS Audio Recording & Replay (ARR) R&S ARGUS Station Information System (SIS) R&S ARGUS Identification Module (IDNT) R&S ARGUS DRM Decoder (DRM) R&S ARGUS Extended System Functionality (ESF) R&S ARGUS ROHDE & SCHWARZ GmbH & Co. KG Mühldorfstraße München Germany Tel.: Fax: Internet:

53 Remote Control Interface (RCI) R&S ARGUS Data Exchange Interface (DEI) R&S ARGUS Spectrum Management Database Interface (SMDI) R&S ARGUS Order Report Module (ORM) R&S ARGUS Device Control Interface (DCI Standard) For Switch units, Rotors, Recorder, Compass, GPS, Attenuator and Amplifier, incl. 2 hours support R&S ARGUS Device Control Interface (DCI Advanced) For Receiver, Analyzer, Direction Finder and Decoder incl. 5 hours support R&S ARGUS Web Interface (WEB) R&S ARGUS Device Driver for Class Receiver (ARGUS-RX) One license controls one device The class receiver includes the following devices: EB200, EB500, EFA, EK895, EK896, EM100, EM510, EM550, ESH3, ESHS, ESM500, ESM1000, ESMB, ESMC, ESMD, ESN, ESS, ESVB, ESVD, ESVN20, ESVN30, ESVN40, ESVP, ESVS, PR100 R&S ARGUS Option DF for Device Driver ESMD (ESMD-DF) Note: requires option ARGUS-RX R&S ARGUS Option DDC for Device Driver ESMD (ESMD-DDC) Note: requires option ARGUS-RX R&S ARGUS Device Driver for Class Direction Finder (ARGUS-DF) One license controls one device The class direction finder includes the following devices: DDF190/195, DDF01/05/06A, DDF01/05/06E, DDF01/05/06M, DDF205, DDF255, DDF395/396, DDF550, DDF007, PA025, PA055, PA555, PA1555 R&S ARGUS Option GSM for Device Driver DDF0xAE (DDF0xAE-GSM) Note: requires option ARGUS-DF R&S ARGUS ROHDE & SCHWARZ GmbH & Co. KG Mühldorfstraße München Germany Tel.: Fax: Internet:

54 Option SSL for Device Driver DDF0xAE (DF0xAE-SSL) Note: requires option ARGUS-DF R&S ARGUS Option SR for Device Driver DDF0xAE (DF0xAE-SR) Note: requires option ARGUS-DF R&S ARGUS Option RX for Device Driver DDF255 (DDF255-RX) Note: requires option ARGUS-DF R&S ARGUS Device Driver for Class Analyzer (ARGUS ANALYZER) One license controls one device The class analyzer includes the following devices: ESAI, ESBI, ESMI, ESPI, ESIB, ESU, ETL, FAM, FSA, FSB, FSE, FSH3/6/18, FSIQ3/7/26, FSM, FSP3/7/13/30/40, FSQ3/8/26/40, FSU, FSV3/7/13/30/40, VSA R&S ARGUS Device Driver for Class System Devices (ARGUS-SYSDEV) One license controls one device The class system devices includes the following devices: BG030, COMPASS, FU129, GB127M, GB127MU, GB127S, GPS, HSRG, MIXER, PCM-7010, RD127, RSU, ZS125/126/127/128/129 R&S ARGUS ROHDE & SCHWARZ GmbH & Co. KG Mühldorfstraße München Germany Tel.: Fax: Internet: