Human resources of science and technology in 2009

Transcription

1 Science, Technology and Information Society 2011 Human resources of science and technology in 2009 Employment rate exceptionally high among those with tertiary level s In 2008, 85 per cent of those with tertiary level s were employed, which is 14 percentage points higher than the employment rate of total population. The situation was best for those with doctorate level s, whose employment rate was over 90 per cent. The difference between the employment rate of women and men was small, only good one percentage point, while in total population it was three percentage points. Employment rates of total population and persons with tertiary level s (aged 15 to 65) by level of education and gender in 2008 The employment rate of those with higher university level or doctorate level s varies somewhat by field of science. The employment rate was best in the fields of medical and health sciences (93%) and engineering and technology (90%). The employment rates of those with s from humanities (83%), natural sciences (85%) and agricultural sciences (86%) were slightly weaker. Differences in employment between men and women were mostly minor, but in the fields of natural sciences and engineering and technology, women's employment was around four percentage points lower than men's corresponding figure. Helsinki Quoting is encouraged provided Statistics Finland is acknowledged as the source.

2 Employment rate of persons with higher university level or doctorate level s (aged 16 to 64) by field of science and gender in 2008 The unemployment rate of those with tertiary level s was 4.4 per cent in The fall in unem-ployment that had continued throughout the 2000s stalled then. At the same time, the unemployment rate of total population was 6.4 per cent. There were also differences between highly educated groups. The unemployment rate of those with doctorate level s was lowest, i.e. 2.4 per cent and the unemployment rate of those with lowest level tertiary education was 5.0 per cent. Sixty-two per cent of the personnel in the field of science and technology worked at specialist tasks and 19 per cent at management. There were great differences between men and women's employ-ment. Nearly one third of men worked at management tasks, while only about every tenth of women. Of men, 54 per cent were employed at specialist tasks and of women 69 per cent. Women's employ-ment at management and specialist tasks has not changed much over the 2000s. Men have slightly increased their share in management tasks. Occupations of science and technology personnel by occupational group and gender in

3 Contents Tables Appendix tables Appendix table 1. Tertiary s by the field of science in 1991, 2000 and Appendix table 2. Population with a tertiary in 2000 and Appendix table 3. Population with a tertiary by principal activity in Appendix table 4. Employed population with tertiary level education in 2008 by Industry and Tertiary...6 Figures Appendix figures Appendix figure 1. Doctorate and licentiate s in Appendix figure 2. Doctorate level s and the proportion of women Appendix figure 3. Persons with doctorate, median ages by the field of science in Appendix figure 4. Persons with tertiary s as a proportion of the population aged 16 to 74 in Appendix figure 5. Unemployment rates of persons with doctorate level and higher- level tertiary education by the field of science in Appendix figure 6. Persons with doctorate level and higher- level tertiary education as a percentage by the field of science in

4 Appendix tables Appendix table 1. Tertiary s by the field of science in 1991, 2000 and 2009 Tertiary Tertiary s total Doctorate Licentiate Higher-level tertiary Other tertiary s Fields of science Year (completion of ) Appendix table 2. Population with a tertiary in 2000 and 2008 Tertiary Fields of science 2000 Total of which women 2008 Total of which women Tertiary s total Doctorate Licentiate

5 Tertiary Fields of science 2000 Total 2008 of which women Total of which women Higher-level tertiary Other tertiary s Field of science undefined Appendix table 3. Population with a tertiary by principal activity in 2008 Tertiary Tertiary s total Doctorate Licentiate Higher-level tertiary Other tertiary s Field of science Field of science undefined Principal activity Principal activity total In labour force Employed Unemployed Not in labour force

6 Appendix table 4. Employed population with tertiary level education in 2008 by Industry and Tertiary Industrial activity 2008 Toimialat yhteensä Agriculture, forestry and fishing Mining and quarrying Manufacture of food, beverages and tobacco Manufacture of textiles and leather Manufacture of wood and paper, printing Manufacture of coke and petroleum, rubber and plastic products Manufacture of chemicals and pharmaceutical products Manufacture of basic metals and metal products Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment Other machinery and equipment Motor vehicles Other manufacturing Electricity, gas and water supply and waste management Construction Whole sale and retail trade, accommodation and food service Transportation and storage Computer programming and consultancy Other information and communication Financial and incurance activities Research institutes in public sector Other reseach and development Professional and technical activities Administrative and support service activities Public administration Universities Other tertiary level education Other education Health and social services Other industries Industry unknown Tertiary total Doctorate Licensiate Higher tertiary Other tertiary

7 Appendix figures Appendix figure 1. Doctorate and licentiate s in In 2009, 1642 doctorate s were completed, which was more than 100 s more that in the previous year. The number of doctorate s is now triple compared with the situation at the beginning of the early 1990s. The number of licentiates has halved in ten years. Only 307 licentiate s were completed in Appendix figure 2. Doctorate level s and the proportion of women In 2009, one half of those having completed doctorate s, or 51 per cent, were women. In the early 1990s women made up one third of doctors. 7

8 Appendix figure 3. Persons with doctorate, median ages by the field of science in The youngest doctorate holders are found in the fields of natural sciences and technology. Their median age is a little over 30 years. Those completing doctorate s in the fields of social sciences and humanities and arts are about eight years older. Appendix figure 4. Persons with tertiary s as a proportion of the population aged 16 to 74 in The proportion of the population with tertiary level s has grown steadily at the annual rate of 0.5 per cent throughout the 2000s. In 2008, 29 per cent of the population were highly educated. Nine per cent of the population have completed doctorate or higher tertiary level s. 8

9 Appendix figure 5. Unemployment rates of persons with doctorate level and higher- level tertiary education by the field of science in 2008 Highly educated population finds employment better than the rest of the population. In 2008, 4.4 per cent of them were unemployed. At the same time the unemployment rate of total population was 6.4 per cent. Those with tertiary level s from medical and health sciences found employment the easiest. Only one per cent of them were unemployed. Those with s from humanities and arts have the weakest possibilities for finding employment. Their unemployment rate was six per cent. Appendix figure 6. Persons with doctorate level and higher- level tertiary education as a percentage by the field of science in 2008 In Finland the highest educated population has completed s from the field of social sciences. Forty per cent of those with doctorate level or higher tertiary level s were social scientists. The large proportion of social sciences is explained by the fact that in addition to social scientists, this main group also includes educational science, law and business. The next biggest group of the highly educated, or 17 per cent, comes from the fields of humanities and arts, and technology. Those with doctorate level s are more evenly divided into fields of science. Around one fifth of those with doctorate level s are in each of the fields of social, medical and health and natural sciences. 9

10 Science, Technology and Information Society 2011 Inquiries Marianne Kaplas (09) Director in charge: Leena Storgårds Source: Human resources of science and technology Statistics Finland Statistics Finland, Sales Services P.O.Box 2 C FI STATISTICS FINLAND Tel Fax sales@stat.fi ISSN = Official Statistics of Finland ISSN (pdf)