Obras complementarias publicadas por el INEGI sobre el tema:

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2 Obras complementarias publicadas por el INEGI sobre el tema: Sistema de Clasificación Industrial de América del Norte, México SCIAN 2013 Síntesis metodológica del Sistema de Clasificación Industrial de América del Norte, México SCIAN Información revisada: Sistema de Clasificación Industrial de América del Norte, México SCIAN 2007 Síntesis metodológica del Sistema de Clasificación Industrial de América del Norte, México SCIAN Catalogación en la fuente INEGI: Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (México). North American Industry Classification System, Mexico : methodological synthesis : SCIAN 2013 / Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía.-- México : INEGI, c2014. vii, 109 p. ISBN Industria - México - Clasificación. 2. Productos comerciales - México - Clasificación. 3. Servicios y productos - México - Clasificación. Si requiere información más detallada de esta obra, favor de contactarnos a través de: atencion.usuarios@inegi.org.mx INEGI Informa inegi_informa DR 2014, Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía Edificio Sede Avenida Héroe de Nacozari Sur 2301 Fraccionamiento Jardines del Parque, Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, entre la calle INEGI, Avenida del Lago y Avenida Paseo de las Garzas.

3 Foreword The National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI, by its Spanish acronym) has driven the first official standard of the National System of Statistical and Geographical Information (SNIEG, by its acronym in Spanish) that establishes the North American Industry Classification System (SCIAN, by its Spanish acronym) as the mandatory classification system for State Units that generate economic statistics. This agreement was published on July 10 th, 2009 in the Official Journal of the Federation (DOF, by its acronym in Spanish). INEGI, as coordinator of the National System of Statistical and Geographical Information, convenes diverse State Units and private sector institutions to carry out the implementation of SCIAN, providing relevant assistance during and after its adoption. Therefore the present methodological synthesis is offered as a help tool for current and potential users that require to make quick consultations that allow them to know and clarify in brief the framework for the development of SCIAN, the considerations for setting it up, the process and reflections for its revision, and even the interpretation that must be given to the terminology used, that may result fairly technical for general users. A regular update of the document has been planned in order to improve the content of this synthesis; therefore the Institute will appreciate comments and suggestions that contribute to this end, both from internal users and other institutions. INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN

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5 Index Introduction Background VII IX Developing SCIAN 1 General aspects of classification systems 1 Need for developing SCIAN and its relationship with ISIC 2 Classifications used before SCIAN 2 SCIAN development criterion defined on a supply-based approach 3 Developing SCIAN to meet regional and national needs of partner countries 4 Relationship between economic activities and economic units 58 General criterion for classifying economic units according to SCIAN 58 Exception criteria to the primary activity criterion 58 Criterion to classify enterprises 59 Classification process 60 Implementing SCIAN 65 Practical usefulness of SCIAN implementation 65 Forms of implementing an economic classification 65 Correct way of taking up SCIAN categories for its implementation 65 Official standard 66 INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN

6 Implementation process at INEGI 67 Strategies for SCIAN implementation 67 Updating SCIAN 73 Working process for updating SCIAN 73 Factors to determine updates 74 Conclusion 77 Appendices 79 A. List of vertically integrated activities 81 B. List of combined activities not classified according to primary activity 85 C. Case study. Construction, repair, manufacturing 93 D. Case study. Retail trade 95 INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN E. Case study. Services 97 F. Official Journal of the Federation 99 Glossary 101 Acronyms 107 Bibliography 109

7 Introduction The North American Industry Classification System (SCIAN) has been established as the industry classification system of the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI); it is used by INEGI s staff in charge of collecting and producing economic statistics based on SCIAN; it is known by people responsible of its dissemination, who know how to make use of the classification; it is studied and applied by external institutions that are currently involved in the implementation process; the custodians of SCIAN in charge of its development, update and implementation support processes know its conceptual framework, detail level, and virtues. In addition to the aforementioned and even though most of the background can be consulted in the SCIAN manual, there is a need to go into detail about the circumstances that lead to its delivery, development, updating, dissemination and implementation both in INEGI and in other institutions. The main objectives of this document are: to facilitate the understanding of the classification; to highlight the importance of its implementation; to provide a record of the methodology used and the experience acquired from the development to the implementation phases, for both future generations of the Institute and current and potential SCIAN users, as well as to serve as a guidance for the development of classification systems, even of non-economic type. These possibilities are due to the fact that SCIAN is flexible in the establishment of its standards, without moving away from its fundamental precepts; i.e., users may take up the most suitable aggregation level to their convenience according to their own circumstances or needs, provided codes, titles or descriptions are not altered. VII INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN

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9 Background The formation of economic blocs has given a new turn and a different dynamic to the economy. In the case of the trading bloc formed by North American countries, the signing of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) by Canada, the United States and Mexico implied to confront, among other things, the need for countries in this trading zone to have comparable economic statistics, this need could only be satisfied by unifying their respective data presentation systems, mainly achieved by homogenizing their classification systems of economic activities. The transition from the predominance of goods-producing sectors to the increasing contribution of service-producing sectors is one of the vertiginous changes in economic systems in recent decades, particularly over the last few years. These changes require constant revision of the classification systems of economic activities to keep them updated. In 1994 the three North American countries started a joint project to develop a new classification of economic activities to be used for the production of all their economic statistics, thus giving birth to the North American Industry Classification System (SCIAN). With this project, Canada, the United States and Mexico strove to meet the statistical needs of NAFTA, and also to fulfill the need of counting with updated national classifications that efficiently replaced their former classifications. Since 1994, the three countries have coordinated their efforts for the development and updating of SCIAN through their respective statistical agencies: Statistics Canada, the United States Office of Management and Budget, and INEGI of Mexico. Several years of discussions in the statistical agencies of Canada and the United States revealed the need for the development of an economic classification erected on a single principle, preventing the development of the classification as a result of empirical adjustments, traditional considerations or pressure from industrial chambers, as it had happened with the classifications formerly used by those countries. A single principle IX INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN

10 allows systematically creating groupings always under the same rationale, therefore helping to avoid controversy and interpretation mistakes. Hence the proposal of creating a classification of economic activities not only rigorously compatible among the countries, and at the same time respectful of each country s idiosyncrasy, but also, and above all, that had an explainable theoretical basis, could be utilized by all users and served to answer the possible queries and complaints systematically and logically. Thus, the three countries started the development of the first regional classification of economic activities constructed within a single conceptual framework, which will be addressed in further detail because it constitutes the backbone of the entire classification, and without it, each country would have defended its own traditional form of grouping or classifying economic activities during the development of the classification system. INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN X

11 Developing SCIAN General aspects of classification systems Classification systems, in general, are based on a classification principle that guides decision-making regarding where to classify something and what things to classify in each place. Classification characteristics Classifications group and organize information systematically and homogeneously. The development of classifications implies the creation of mutually exclusive categories i.e., without overlaps or duplicities. Classifications should consistently classify the same kind of objects and the objects of similar characteristics in the same place, based on previously defined development criteria. They must be exhaustive in order to hold the entire universe that will be classified, and should be organized in a hierarchical structure that may be constituted by alphabetical or numerical codes, or even use both. Classifications translate codes into concepts and concepts into codes. Economic classifications Economic classifications must follow the conditions described above, but their goal is to obtain economic data about its population or universe of study; in other words, their purpose is to reflect the economic structure of the country. National economic classifications Countries develop their own national economic classification as a result of the need to know their economic structure with the highest precision, i.e., to define their knowledge on existing industries, their location, primary activity, inputs required, products goods and services provided, and the markets they serve. Applying economic classifications facilitates the analysis and interpretation of economic activities for decision making. International reference economic classifications Reference classifications are officially approved and recommended by the United Nations Statistical Commission and other competent authorities, such as the International Labour Organization (ILO), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Customs Organization (WCO), depending on the subject matter. It means these international references may be used as models for the development or revision of other classifications, thus it is essential for countries to consider that national economic classifications should not be developed in isolation from the international community. The International reference classification in the field of economic activities is the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) of the United Nations (UN). Relationship between national economic classifications and international reference economic classifications If national economic classifications were not linked to an international reference classification, 1 INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN

12 INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN comparing data would be a great challenge; in a globalized world in which countries economies are interrelated, what would be the benefit of faultless classifications in structure, if it meant to isolate them from the international community? A practical reason to establish those links is that countries often provide data to the UN, and their existence allows the translation of the results to a common language with other classifications used by other countries. Need for developing SCIAN and its relationship with ISIC The need for developing SCIAN when ISIC already existed is apparently inexplicable, even more when both have the same purpose: to classify economic activities. However, as noted above, the creation of NAFTA required having a tool for the collection, analysis and dissemination of economic statistics that allowed an accurate assessment and comparison of the economies of the region. Additionally, in order to meet the need for trilateral comparability of economic statistics, the statistical agencies of Canada, the United States and Mexico agreed to establish links between SCIAN and ISIC categories in such way that data collected with SCIAN could be regrouped to provide data under ISIC structure. Taking this agreement into account when developing the original version (SCIAN 1997), the statistical agencies of the three countries strove to create categories that did not cross ISIC Rev. 3 two-digit boundaries. Revisions to elaborate SCIAN 2002, 2007 and 2013 were undertaken fulfilling the same objective, although ISIC Rev. 4 provided the correspondence framework for SCIAN 2007 and It should be emphasized that ISIC Rev. 4 is the outcome of a review process that involved contributions from classifications experts from around the world, including SCIAN experts, and therefore it resulted in an ISIC structure that is more detailed than the previous version, especially in the case of services, which makes it more compatible with SCIAN 2007 and consequently with SCIAN The SCIAN structure is shown below, followed by the ISIC structure: SCIAN structure Number of digits that Name of the level identify the level 2 Sector 3 Subsector 4 Industry group 5 Industry 6 National industry ISIC structure Number of letters or digits that Name of the level identify the level 1 Section 2 Division 3 Group 4 Class SCIAN ISIC Industry 1 Division 1 Industry 2 Industry 3 Division 2 Classifications used before SCIAN Canada s Standard Industrial Classification (1980), the United States Standard Industrial Classification (1987) and the Mexican Classification of Activities and Products (1994) were the industry classifications used by each country before SCIAN. Although these classifications met the data needs for the moment they were created, as time passed by they were surpassed, hence revising these classifications was mandatory for two basic reasons: their obsolescence and because the existence of truly compatible

13 economic classifications in a free trading zone is essential. SCIAN development criterion defined on a supply-based approach The development of compatible classification systems requires the fulfillment of general principles of congruency, consistency and completion, and, in order to avoid controversy, arbitrary decision-making and interpretation mistakes in the classification, it is indispensable to choose the criteria that will provide the features to the classification. The definition of the appropriate classification criteria depends on the use the data will be put to; in this case, data collected with the industry classification is required to measure productivity, unit labor costs and the share of capital used in production; for developing input-output tables and other uses that imply analyzing economic production relations. The supply-based or production-oriented criterion was chosen for the development of SCIAN because it is the one that best meets all three countries needs of having a framework for collecting and publishing information on inputs and outputs, since the statistical uses mentioned above require that data on inputs and outputs be available together and be classified consistently. By using the supply-based concept, economic units that share similar production processes or production functions (these terms are used as synonyms in SCIAN context) are classified in the same national industry since categories are delimited, as far as possible, according to differences in production processes. Illustrative examples of activities created according to the supply-based principle: a) Sugar production is classified in SCIAN , Cane sugar manufacturing while honey processing is classified in , Other food manufacturing since their production functions are different, although both products are used as sweeteners. b) Another example from the services sector has to do with the desire to find all the Environmental services in the same SCIAN category. Economic units that render this kind of services are classified in several categories that belong to different SCIAN sectors because their production functions are different; particularly, these are found in national industries , Environmental consulting services; , Hazardous waste management and remediation services for areas damaged by hazardous materials or waste, and , Nonhazardous waste management and remediation services for areas damaged by non-hazardous waste. Homogeneous but flexible and practical development criterion Besides the criterion established for the development of the classification, occasionally it is necessary to add practical principles. In the case of SCIAN, a practical principle was added to the production function criterion (similar production functions are classified in the same category and different production functions are classified in different categories): if an activity was distinguishable from the rest regarding its production function, but it resulted too small in terms of economic significance and frequency of observed units in any of the countries as to publish data on that industry, it had to be grouped with others with similar production function; then, countries that could publish information about that activity would open the resulting grouping in their national classification. There were two exceptions to this practical principle when: a) An activity was too small in a country but had strong growth expectations, and 3 INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN

14 INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN b) An activity simply did not exist in a country and neither had possibilities to exist, while it was a major economic activity in another country. When the economic organization of production resulted completely different among the three countries, another practical principle was adopted: to establish trilateral agreement at a higher level than originally expected, i.e., to designate a higher level (sector, subsector or industry group) instead of a more detailed level (industry). Developing SCIAN to meet regional and national needs of partner countries A. Elaboration of the common part among Canada, the United States and Mexico Definition of the development criterion (supply-based). Trilateral meetings. Correspondence tables among the three countries classifications. Definition of the SCIAN structure. Agreements on codes, titles, content and scope. SCIAN Development process SCIAN Mexico In order to fulfill the objective of developing a classification that would meet the information needs of the countries with their particular economies, it was necessary to begin with a mutual knowledge of the classifications each country had, in order to visualize differences and similarities. SCIAN was elaborated in two stages: the first one was based on trilateral meetings to establish the common parts among Canada, the United States and Mexico in which detailed correspondence tables among the classifications of the three countries were presented in the first place, with the purpose of learning in depth the differences among the three economies: differences in the organization of establishments, different economic activities and their distinct importance and diversification levels, among other characteristics. Based on the correspondence tables, the three countries discussed and defined the structure for each sector or subsector following the development criterion previously agreed. Therefore, codes, titles, content and scope were agreed for each category. For the second stage elaboration of SCIAN Mexico, meetings within INEGI continued to define the national detail. The classification used as a basis for the elaboration of SCIAN Mexico was the Mexican Classification of Activities and Products (CMAP in Spanish), created for the Economic Census and in turn derived from ISIC Rev. 2. The design of SCIAN structure considers a common part among Canada, the United States and Mexico to meet the needs of the three countries, and a specific national part created B. Elaboration of SCIAN Mexico Follow-up the development criterion (supplybased). Meetings within INEGI. CMAP Classification used as a base. Definition of national detail for SCIAN Mexico. Agreements on national categories, codes, titles, content and scope.

15 by each one. Resulting national classifications are called NAICS Canada, NAICS United States and SCIAN Mexico. It should be emphasized that there is no single version that comprises the three countries NAICS/SCIAN classifications, since each one has its own national version. Sector ordering For better consistence and understanding of the classification, it is convenient that the presentation of the sectors follows an order; as for SCIAN, the sector ordering was based on the traditional grouping of economic activities in three main groups: primary, secondary and tertiary activities. Primary ones are related to direct exploitation of natural resources. Secondary activities are related to the transformation of all kinds of goods and products, while tertiary refer to trade and services. SCIAN Mexico sector ordering Table 1 Traditional grouping General characteristic of sectors Sector Order criteria Primary activities Secondary activities Tertiary activities (Continued) Exploitation of natural resources Transformation of goods Distribution of goods Information operations 11 Agriculture, animal breeding and production, forestry, fishing and hunting Mining Electric power generation, transmission and distribution, water and gas supply through mains to final consumers Construction Manufacturing Wholesale trade Retail trade Transportation, postal services and warehousing 51 Mass media information Primary activities are located firstly because of their exploitation of natural resources without previous transformation (although a certain degree of transformation may occur, like the use of fertilizers, improvement of livestock and farming of fish under controlled conditions). Inputs in this group of activities may come from primary activities, or from this same group, and their products are destined to all sectors. Traditionally, these four sectors have been called industry (as opposite to trade, services and primary activities ). Sector 21 is located at the beginning of this grouping because it combines both transformation and extraction activities, similar to extraction in primary activities. Sectors 22 and 23 follow immediately because both are large users of natural resources; sector 23 is closer to because an important part of its inputs comes from manufacturing activities. These sectors carry out goods distribution activities, which were produced by the primary and secondary activity groups (as well as transportation of passengers). Trade is particularly located immediately after manufacturing due to the direct and intense relationship between them. Due to the growing importance of information for businesses and individuals, this sector is placed immediately after distribution services and before the rest of the services. 5 INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN

16 SCIAN Mexico sector ordering Table 1 Traditional grouping General characteristic of sectors Sector Order criteria Tertiary activities Assets operations Financial and insurance services Real estate services and tangible and intangible goods rental and leasing Sectors 52 and 53 are adjacent because their activities consist of investing assets (money and goods), from which benefits are obtained by providing them to clients, without considering them as owners of those assets. The economic importance of financial services locates the group among the first places of tertiary activities. INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN Services whose main input is employee knowledge and experience Services related to recreation Residual services Governmental activities Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services Head offices Business support services, waste management and remediation services Educational Services Health Care and Social Assistance Services Cultural and sporting recreation services and other recreational services Temporary accommodation services and food and beverage preparation services 81 Other services, except government activities 93 Legislative, governmental and justice administration activities, and activities of international and extraterritorial organizations Activities in sectors 54, 55 and 56 are mainly provided to businesses and have an economic impact in them. For the most part these are specialized activities that were traditionally undertaken in-house by businesses and now are acquired as an additional service. Their economic importance has grown; therefore specific sectors were set up for them. Sectors 61 and 62, as the group before, also include activities that require employee knowledge and specialization, and are mainly destined to persons. Their impact is rather social, since they affect the education level and health of persons. Activities in these sectors are mainly provided to persons, but are also destined to businesses. Being a residual sector (excluding legislative, government and justice activities), it is located at the end of the grouping of those services that may be carried out indistinctly by public or private sectors. This sector was located at the very end due to its normative or regulative status regarding all the preceding activities.

17 SCIAN structure SCIAN consists of 20 sectors, five are essentially goods-producing and 15 are entirely engaged in the production of services (although the distinction between goods and services is not explicitly reflected in the structure). SCIAN Mexico 2013 structure and number of categories per level Table2 SCIAN 2013 Code Sector Industry Sector Subsector Industry National (Titles) group industry 11 Agriculture, animal breeding and production, forestry, fishing and hunting Mining Electric power generation, transmission and distribution, water and gas supply through mains to final consumers 23 Construction Manufacturing Wholesale trade Retail trade Transportation, postal services and warehousing Mass media information Financial and insurance services Real estate services and tangible and intangible goods rental and leasing Professional, scientific, and technical services Head offices Business support services, waste management and remediation services Educational services Health care and social assistance services Cultural and sporting recreation services and other recreational services Temporary accommodation services and food and beverage preparation services Other services, except government activities Legislative, governmental and justice administration activities, and activities of international and extraterritorial organizations Total INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN

18 Flexibility in trilateral agreement levels and breakdown of a national level SCIAN is composed of five aggregation levels: sector (the most aggregated level, identified by two digits), subsector (designated by three digits), industry group (four digits), industry (five digits) and national industry (the most disaggregated level, identified by six digits). Example of SCIAN structure: Level Code Titles of categories Sector Subsector Industry group Industry National industry Professional, Scientific, and Technical services T Professional, Scientific, and Technical services T Legal services T Offices of lawyers T Offices of lawyers Aggregation levels and number of categories per level in SCIAN Mexico 2013: INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN Number of digits Aggregation level Number of categories in each level 2 Sector 20 3 Subsector 94 4 Industry group Industry National industry 1059 Most trilateral agreements were established at the industry level; however, some were reached at higher levels due to differences in the organization of economic units, distinct regulations, diverging interests to agree upon disaggregation, and time and resource constraints, as explained in the following cases: Trilateral agreements at sector level: 22, Electric power generation, transmission and distribution, water and gas supply through mains to final consumers; 43, Wholesale trade; 46, Retail trade, and 93 Legislative, governmental and justice administration activities, and activities of international and extraterritorial organizations. Trilateral agreements at subsector level: 522, Credit and financial intermediation institutions, non-stock exchange; 562, Waste management and remediation services; 812, Personal Services, and 813, Associations and Organizations. Trilateral agreements at industry group level: 2381, Foundations, prefabricated structures assembly and exterior construction works; 3122, Tobacco industry; 3152, Cut and sew apparel manufacturing; 5231 Brokerage houses, foreign currency exchange houses and exchange offices; 5239, Investment advice and other services related to stock exchange intermediation; 5241, Insurance and surety institutions; 5242, Services

19 related to insurance and surety; 5311, Rental of real estate without intermediation; 5313, Services related to real estate, and 6111, Basic, middle and special needs education schools. Since this is the trilateral level for these categories, the levels below are considered as national detail. The hierarchical structure of SCIAN is useful because statistical programs that are unable to provide data for every level, mainly due to the program s objectives, observation unit in use, dissemination problems, budget constraints, among others, may collect and publish information at more aggregated levels, as long as they fulfill the standard of not combining parts that correspond to different agreed categories trilateral or national, and by being careful about not altering codes, titles or descriptions. The agreement regarding the creation of trilateral classification categories as detailed as possible, as well as reserving the last level of the classification for national categories, allowed applying the following principles, besides the development criterion trilaterally agreed: The grouping was economically significant for Mexican economy. The grouping had enough elements to avoid confidentiality problems for Mexican economy statistics. A particular interest for studying that grouping, separated from the rest of economic units included in the same trilateral category, existed. In SCIAN 2013 version, categories with a T superscript indicate trilaterally agreed categories, while the titles without that letter are Mexico s exclusive categories. The sum of all categories forms SCIAN Mexico. The following is the entire SCIAN 2013 structure: 9 INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN

20 11 Agriculture, animal breeding and production, forestry, fishing and hunting T INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN Agriculture T 1111 Oilseed, legume and cereal growing T Soybean growing T Soybean growing Oilseed growing, except soybean T Safflower growing Sunflower growing Other oilseed annual growing Legume growing T Bean grain growing Chickpea grain growing Other legume growing Wheat growing T Wheat growing Corn growing T Corn grain growing Corn forage growing Rice growing T Rice growing Other cereal growing T Sorghum grain growing Oat grain growing Barley grain growing Sorghum forage growing Oat forage growing Other cereal growing 1112 Vegetable growing T Vegetable growing T Tomato growing Chili growing Onion growing Melon growing Green tomato growing Potato growing Pumpkin growing Watermelon growing Other vegetables growing 1113 Fruit and tree nut growing T Orange growing T Orange growing Other citrus growing T Lemon growing Other citrus growing Noncitrus fruit and tree nut growing T Coffee growing Banana growing Mango growing Avocado growing Grape growing (continued) 10

21 Apple growing Cacao growing Coconut growing Other noncitrus fruit and tree nut growing 1114 Greenhouse and nursery growing, and floriculture T Food crops grown in greenhouses T Food crops grown in greenhouses Floriculture, and other non-food products grown in greenhouses and nurseries T Floriculture in open fields Floriculture in greenhouses Tree growing with a productive cycle of ten years or less Other non-food products grown in greenhouses and nurseries 1119 Other crop growing T Tobacco growing T Tobacco growing Cotton growing T Cotton growing Sugar cane growing T Sugar cane growing Alfalfa and grasses growing T Alfalfa growing Grasses growing Other crop growing T Agave growing Peanut growing Agricultural activities combined with animal production Agricultural activities combined with forestry Agricultural activities combined with animal production and forestry Other crop growing 112 Animal breeding and production T 1121 Cattle raising T Cattle raising for meat production T Cattle raising for meat production Cattle raising for milk production T Cattle raising for milk production Non-specialized cattle raising, and cattle raising for other purposes T Cattle raising for both milking and meat production Cattle raising for other purposes 1122 Pig raising T Pig raising T Pig raising in farms Pig raising in backyards 1123 Poultry raising T Hen raising for egg production T Hen raising for fertile egg production Hen raising for egg dish production Chicken raising for meat production T Chicken raising for meat production Turkey raising T Turkey raising (continued) 11 INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN

22 11234 Poultry production in incubator T Poultry production in incubator Other poultry raising for meat and egg production T Other poultry raising for meat and egg production 1124 Sheep and goat raising T Sheep raising T Sheep raising Goat raising T Goat raising 1125 Aquaculture T Aquaculture T Shrimp farming Fish farming and other aquaculture, except shrimp farming 1129 Other animal production T Apiculture T Apiculture Equine raising T Equine raising Cuniculture and fur-bearing animal raising T Cuniculture and fur-bearing animal raising Other animal production T Animal production combined with forestry Other animal production INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN (continued) Forestry T 1131 Silviculture T Silviculture T Silviculture 1132 Forest nurseries and gathering of forest products T Forest nurseries and gathering of forest products T Forest nurseries Gathering of forest products 1133 Logging T Logging T Logging 114 Fishing, hunting and trapping T 1141 Fishing T Fishing T Shrimp fishing Tuna fishing Sardine and anchovy fishing Other fishes, crustaceans, molluscs and other species fishing and catching 1142 Hunting and trapping T Hunting and trapping T Hunting and trapping 115 Services related to agricultural and forestry activities T 1151 Services related to agriculture T

23 21 Mining T Services related to agriculture T Crop dusting or spraying services Cotton ginning Postharvest crop activities Other services related to agriculture 1152 Services related to animal breeding and production T Services related to animal breeding and production T Services related to animal breeding and production 1153 Services related to forestry T Services related to forestry T Services related to forestry 211 Oil and gas extraction T 2111 Oil and gas extraction T Oil and gas extraction T Oil and gas extraction 212 Metallic and nonmetallic ore mining, except oil and gas T 2121 Coal mining T Coal mining T Coal mining 2122 Metallic ore mining T Iron mining T Iron mining Gold and silver mining T Gold mining Silver mining Copper, lead and zinc mining T Copper mining Lead and zinc mining Other metallic ore mining T Manganese mining Mercury and antimony mining Uranium and radioactive ore mining Other metallic ore mining 2123 Nonmetallic ore mining T Limestone, marble and other dimensioned stones mining T Limestone mining Marble mining Other dimension stone mining Sand, gravel, tezontle, tepetate, clay and other refractory minerals mining T Construction sand and gravel mining Tezontle and tepetate mining Feldspar mining Silica mining Kaolin mining Other clay and refractory minerals mining Other nonmetallic ore mining T Salt mining (continued) 13 INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN

24 Gypsum stone mining Barite mining Phosphate rock mining Fluorite mining Graphite mining Sulfur mining Nonmetallic ore mining used for chemical products manufacturing Other nonmetallic ore mining 213 Services related to mining T 2131 Services related to mining T Services related to mining T Drilling oil and gas wells Other services related to mining 22 Electric power generation, transmission and distribution, water and gas supply through mains to final consumers T INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN Electric power generation, transmission and distribution 2211 Electric power generation, transmission and distribution Electric power generation, transmission and distribution Electric power generation, transmission and distribution Electric power transmission and distribution Electric power transmission and distribution 222 Water and gas supply through mains to final consumers 2221 Water collection, treatment and supply Water collection, treatment and supply Water collection, treatment and supply, public sector Water collection, treatment and supply, private sector 2222 Gas supply through mains to final consumers Gas supply through mains to final consumers Gas supply through mains to final consumers 23 Construction T 236 Construction T 2361 Residential building construction T Residential building construction T Single-family housing construction Multifamily housing construction Construction supervision of residential buildings 2362 Nonresidential building construction T Industrial plants and buildings construction T Industrial plants and buildings construction, except construction supervision Construction supervision of industrial plants and buildings Commercial and service building construction T Commercial and service building construction, except construction supervision Construction supervision of commercial and service buildings (continued)

25 237 Civil engineering construction works T 2371 Construction works for water, oil, gas, electric power and telecommunications supply T Construction works for water treatment, distribution and supply, drainage and irrigation T Construction works for water treatment, distribution and supply, and drainage Agricultural irrigation systems construction Supervision of water treatment, distribution and supply, drainage and irrigation construction works Petroleum and gas construction works T Petroleum and gas distribution systems construction Refinery and petrochemical plants construction Supervision of petroleum and gas construction works Construction works for electric power generation and transmission, and telecommunications construction works T Construction works for electric power generation and transmission Telecommunications construction works Supervision of electric power generation and transmission construction works, and supervision of telecommunications construction works 2372 Land subdivision and urbanization works T Land subdivision and urbanization works T Land subdivision Urbanization works Supervision of land subdivision and urbanization construction works 2373 Construction of roads, highways and similar works T Construction of roads, highways and similar works T Installation of roadwork signs and protections Construction of highways, bridges and similar works Construction supervision of roads, highways and similar works 2379 Other civil engineering construction T Other civil engineering construction T Dam construction Maritime, fluvial and underwater construction works Railway and electrical transportation construction works Supervision of other civil engineering construction works Other civil engineering construction works 238 Specialized construction works T 2381 Foundations, prefabricated structures assembly and exterior construction works T Foundation works Foundation works Prefabricated structures assembly Prefabricated concrete structures assembly Prefabricated steel structures assembly Masonry works Masonry works Other exterior construction works Other exterior construction works (continued) 15 INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN

26 INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN Building installations and equipment T Building electrical installations T Building electrical installations Hidro-sanitary, gas, central air conditioning and heating system installations T Hidro-sanitary and gas installations Central air conditioning and heating system installations Other building installations and equipment T Other building installations and equipment 2383 Building finishing works T Drywall installation, insulation and plaster work T Drywall installation and insulation work Plaster and impasting works Painting and other wall covering works T Painting and other wall covering works Resilient and wood floor installation T Resilient and wood floor installation Ceramic floor and glazed tile installation T Ceramic floor and glazed tile installation Construction site carpentry works T Construction site carpentry works Other building finishing works T Other building finishing works 2389 Other specialized construction works T Construction site preparation T Construction site preparation Other specialized construction works T Other specialized construction works Manufacturing T 311 Food industry T 3111 Animal food manufacturing T Animal food manufacturing T Animal food manufacturing 3112 Grain and seed milling, and fats and oils manufacturing T Rice milling, cleaning, and polish; grain milling and malt products manufacturing T Rice milling, cleaning, and polish Wheat flour manufacturing Corn flour manufacturing Flour manufacturing from other agricultural products Malt manufacturing Starch and edible vegetable fats and oils manufacturing T Starch and other starch products manufacturing Edible vegetable fats and oil manufacturing Breakfast cereals manufacturing T Breakfast cereals manufacturing 3113 Sugar, chocolate and confectionery products manufacturing T Sugar manufacturing T Cane sugar manufacturing Other sugar manufacturing (continued)

27 (continued) Candies, chewing gum and nonchocolate confectionery products manufacturing T Candies, chewing gum and nonchocolate confectionery products manufacturing Chocolate and chocolate confectionery manufacturing T Chocolate and chocolate confectionery manufacturing 3114 Fruits, vegetables, stews and prepared meals preserving T Fruits, vegetables, stews, and prepared meals freezing T Fruits and vegetables freezing Stews and prepared meals freezing Fruits, vegetables, stews and prepared meals preserving by processes other than freezing T Fruits and vegetables dehydration Fruits and vegetables preserving by processes other than freezing and dehydration Stews and prepared meals preserving by processes other than freezing 3115 Dairy products manufacturing T Milk and dairy products manufacturing T Fluid milk manufacturing Dry, condensed and evaporated milk manufacturing Dairy products and lactic ferments manufacturing Ice cream and popsicle manufacturing T Ice cream and popsicle manufacturing 3116 Livestock, poultry and other edible animals slaughtering, packaging and processing T Livestock, poultry and other edible animals slaughtering, packaging and processing T Livestock, poultry and other edible animals slaughtering Livestock, poultry and other edible animals meat cutting and packaging Livestock, poultry and other edible animals meat sausages and other preserves preparation Lard and other edible animal fats manufacturing 3117 Seafood preparation and packaging T Seafood preparation and packaging T Seafood preparation and packaging 3118 Bakery products and tortilla manufacturing T Bread and other bakery products manufacturing T Industrial baking Traditional baking Cookie, cracker, and pasta manufacturing T Cookie, cracker, and pasta manufacturing Corn tortilla manufacturing and nixtamal milling T Corn tortilla manufacturing and nixtamal milling 3119 Other food manufacturing T Snack food manufacturing T Snack food manufacturing Coffee and tea industries T Coffee processing (cleaning, pulp removal, and drying) Roasted and milled coffee manufacturing 17 INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN

28 Instant coffee manufacturing Tea preparation and packaging Manufacturing of flavoring concentrates, powders, syrup and essences for beverages T Manufacturing of flavoring concentrates, powders, syrup and essences for beverages Seasoning and dressing manufacturing T Seasoning and dressing manufacturing Other food manufacturing T Jelly and other powdered desserts manufacturing Yeast manufacturing Manufacturing of perishable prepared food for immediate consumption Other food manufacturing INEGI. North American Industry Classification System, Mexico Methodological synthesis SCIAN Beverage and tobacco industries T 3121 Beverage industry T Soft drinks, ice and other nonalcoholic beverages manufacturing, and water purifying and bottling T Soft drinks and other nonalcoholic beverages manufacturing Water purifying and bottling Ice manufacturing Brew manufacturing T Brew manufacturing Alcoholic beverages prepared from grape and fermented beverages, except brew, manufacturing T Manufacturing of alcoholic beverages from grapes Pulque manufacturing Cider and other fermented beverages manufacturing Distilled beverages manufacturing, except from grapes T Manufacturing of rum and other distilled beverages from cane Manufacturing of distilled beverages from agave Potable ethyl alcohol manufacturing Other distilled beverages manufacturing 3122 Tobacco industry T Tobacco processing (leaf drying, deveining and sorting) Tobacco processing (leaf drying, deveining and sorting) Tobacco products manufacturing Cigarette manufacturing Cigars and other tobacco products manufacturing 313 Textile inputs manufacturing, and textiles finishing T 3131 Textile fibers preparation and spinning, and thread and yarn manufacturing T Textile fibers preparation and spinning, and thread and yarn manufacturing T Natural hard fibers preparation and spinning Natural soft fibers preparation and spinning Thread and yarn manufacturing 3132 Fabrics manufacturing T Broadwoven fabrics manufacturing T Broadwoven fabrics manufacturing Narrow woven fabrics and passementerie manufacturing T Narrow woven fabrics and passementerie manufacturing (continued)