Tune Up ade Grth 12 Tune Up

Transcription

1 Tune Up Adel Fidlgo Benys Alerto Fontnillo Crrsl Inmuld Myorg Mlvrez Mihel Downie Dvid Gry Jun Mnuel Jiménez Roert Cmpell Gill Holley Ro Metlf 12 Grde Ediión Espeil pr el Ministerio de Eduión Prohiid su omerilizión Student s Book

2 Tune Up 12 Grde Student s Book Adel Fidlgo Benys Alerto Fontnillo Crrsl Inmuld Myorg Mlvrez Mihel Downie Dvid Gry Jun Mnuel Jiménez Roert Cmpell Gill Holley Ro Metlf Ediión Espeil pr el Ministerio de Eduión Prohiid su omerilizión

3 The mteril for Tune Up Student s Book 12th Grde, is olletive work reted nd designed y the Rihmond Pulishing Deprtment of Edution, under the diretion of Rodolfo Hidlgo Cprile. Pulishing Deputy Diretor-Puli Are: Mrisol Flores Prdo Pulishing Coordintor: Ly-Sen Lm Díz Methodologil Support: Christine Jeppensen, Rond Hverlnd, Eugeni Contrers Editors: Andre Voigt, Logn Koh-Mihel, Ptrik My, Crmen Neir, Hlim Slins, Sestián Muñoz Proofreding: Brny Wright, Regin Lm Authors: Adel Fidlgo Benys,Alerto Fontnillo Crrsl, Inmuld Myorg Mlvrez, Mihel Downie, Dvid Gry, Jun Mnuel Jiménez, Roert Cmpell, Gill Holley, Ro Metlf. Rihmond Diretor: Jorge Tipini Berríos Content Advisors: Rihmond Pulishing Doumenttion: Pulin Novo Venturino Grphi design hs een exeuted under the generl diretion of Veróni Romn Design nd Lyout: Frnis Mrtin, Krin Arnii Photogrphy: Rihmond Pulishing, Ltinstok Illustrtions: Alvro de l Veg Cover: Frnis Mrtin Every effort hs een mde to tre the Holders of opyright, ut if ny omissions n e retified, the pulishers will e plesed to mke the neessry rrngements. All Rights reserved. No prt of this work my e reprodued stored in retrievl system or trnsmitted in ny form, Eletroni, mehnil, photoopying or otherwise without the prior permission in metioned would e onsidered violtion of the intelletul property (lw N ) y Sntilln del Pífio S.A. de Ediiones Dr. Aníl Ariztí 1444, Provideni, Sntigo (Chile) PRINTED IN CHILE Impreso en Chile por Qud/Grphis ISBN: Insripión Nº Se terminó de imprimir est 1ª ediión de ejemplres, en el mes de diiemre del ño

4 Index Your Book Contents 4 Mp of Your Book 6 Welome 8 Unit 1: People nd Our Beliefs 10 Lesson 1: First Impressions nd Stereotypes 11 Lesson 2: Are We Different? 15 Lesson 3: Urn Legends 18 Lesson 4: Myths nd Legends 22 Unit 2: The Arts nd Their Influene...30 Lesson 1: Musi is Here to Sty 31 Lesson 2: Urn Art 35 Lesson 3: Wht s in Story? 38 Lesson 4: Soil Networking Aross Culture 42 Unit 3: Wht s On? 50 Lesson 1: Are Relity Shows Rel? 51 Lesson 2: Mking Chnges 55 Lesson 3: Advertising 58 Lesson 4: Luky Espes 62 Unit 4: Keeping up with Tehnology 70 Lesson 1: Effets of Soil Medi 71 Lesson 2: Wht re Gdgets? 75 Lesson 3: Addited to Tehnology 78 Lesson 4: Visions of Ner Future 82 Unit 5: Prt-time or Full-time? 90 Lesson 1: Future Jos? 91 Lesson 2: Mixing Fun with Work 95 Lesson 3: Positive nd Suessful 98 Lesson 4: Exellene is n Attitude 102 Unit 6: Spending Time Together 110 Lesson 1: Going Out with Friends 111 Lesson 2: Free Time! 115 Lesson 3: Trvel Brodens your Horizon 118 Lesson 4: We Love Sports 122 Unit 7: Moving Forwrd 130 Lesson 1: I Feel Good! 131 Lesson 2: Not Feeling So Good? 135 Lesson 3: Siene in our Everydy Life 138 Lesson 4: As Good s it Gets 142 Unit 8: The Prie of Progress 150 Lesson 1: Chile, Country of Contrsts 151 Lesson 2: Glol Trde 155 Lesson 3: Climte Chnge 158 Lesson 4: Going Green 162 3

5 Get to know your ook! Red out the titles. They will help you follow nd enjoy your ook. Reding Do First Im s teenger Look t 1 the ns pre ss io ring e nekl ever een e wht s, desri they re. Use the wering words to trousers oots t-shirt hoodie tie nd elt hed leggings errings 9 10 Tlk out A projet The musi Food you other tivi t? Wht rt ties in your you strted forms do you prefer? you enjoy An tivity Jvier g the nswer. Ask nd pr tner w your Intervie questions: r? g lly we olours followin you usu t hes do hes? Wh Wht lot olourful lot you like ting Do tight-fit prefer? ggy or do you r wer eve out? Do you? When? you go trousers r when hes jens or lly we usu hnd lot you seondwht do r worn d fires? eve rl you ntu ds wer? Hve e mde with your frien or lothes of lothes do Wht type f Spekin Cmil Frniso 4 Listen nd r nswers. hek you hes y the lot h re to e three mo dding Tops: s: Bottom ring,... Jewellery: : ries Aesso r: Footwe SPEAK OU T! Use these expressions to tlk out I love listeni your likes nd ng to musi dislikes.. I relly hte wthing romn ti omedies. I don t enjoy wlking the dog. I n t stnd mking my ed. Wht do you like doing on Sundys? I like plyin g video gme s very muh Wht out. you? life. doing dning to like eting loved redi ng A film you hted A ply you Something Sol 3 Clssify list. re or lle Look t the pitures. Wh see? In pirs t tivities do you, tlk ou t the tivi nd don t ties you like like doing.. help you shir t A ook you 2 to the thet es? themselv, in pir nd pitures In this setion you will red vriety of texts tht will uild your voulry nd reding omprehension in English. Spe king Hve you s see types? teenger re stereo Chilen Are the world? How do over the sme ll look the lry Vou es reotyp n d Ste 11 Complete the sente nes informtion using the word with your personl s in the ox. listen et think ply red work of seeing you hven t finished you spend doing time doing A ountry you re inter ested in visitin g e.g.,wht musi do you enjoy listening to? I love listen ing to Chile n rok nd hte oper I relly. I love I hte In this setion you will listen to uthenti udio smples tht will improve your understnding of spoken English. Speking In this setion you will put into prtie wht you hve lerned y speking with your lssmtes. I enjoy d I like e I don t like Self Ev lutio n Some phrs es I n use To identify Listening Prtie wthing re thinking ommons.wikim edi.org 1 S SO N LE to express new vo ulry nd 11 my prefer ene out its mening, rt re I 37 Pre-Re ding 13 Writing In this setion you will put into prtie wht you hve lerned y developing written tsks. Pronunition In this setion you will prtise different sounds tht re importnt for understnding nd ommuniting in English. 4 S SO N LE Myths & Legend While Reding 14 Red the text to hek if you guessed orretly. Bruno hd relly luky espe yesterdy. I hd gone into the supermrke t to uy some isuits nd hd left him tied to lmppost outside. The next thing I knew, I ould her him rking furiously. He hd seen huge dog nd esped. As soon s I relized wht hd hppened, I left the isuits in the shop nd rn out to th him, ut he hd lredy gone. Then I sw him running towrds the prk nd I went fter him. All of sudden, he rn stright ross the min rod! It ws terrile! As he ws the rod, sooter ppered. running ross When the rider sw Bruno he turned violently to void hitting Bruno, ut unfortunte ly, he fell off the sooter. Lukily, I gred Bruno in time nd noody got hurt. The oy ws very nie out the whole thing. In ft, he invited me to get offee next week! Pre-Listening 1 2 Prtie In this setion you will prtise the min grmmr point using vriety of exerises. Self Evlution s? legends in the piture nd legend. etween myth the differene is wht you think their desription. prtner. Disuss nd legends with Work with your women. g Chilen myths followin who impregntes the Try to mth i A dwrf s in the desert. Flower ii Florido Desierto ted lke. iii An enhn L Clhon id. iv A merm Portillo A with. v luk to miners. d Alinto tht rings good vi A ird the sme e Pinoy sisters who loved vii Three f El Truo young mn. s g Ls Tres Psul Do you know ny To understnd sequene of the myths nd While Listening 3 15 s Self Evlution This setion helps you review nd rememer the most importnt points in the lesson. Post Reding Who nd wht n you see in the piture? Where is the sitution tking ple? Wht do you think hs just hppened? Listen to the story nd identify whih myth or legend To write short story, I 64 when listening, I should should orgnize my ides Work with prtner. Without reding the story gin, put the min events in order. Only hek one you hve finished. Bruno esped nd rn fter the other dog. Crolin went into the supermrket. Bruno sw nother dog nd strted rking. d Crolin ught Bruno. e They went to hve offee together. f Crolin tied Bruno to lmppost outside the supermrket. g She pologized to the oy. h Crolin rn out of the shop to th Bruno. i She sw Bruno running towrds the prk nd rossing the min rod. j The oy sw the dog, turned nd fell off his sooter. i ii iii iv v 16 vi vii viii ix x Now, try to re-tell the story in your own words together with your prtner. Use phrses like when, yesterdy, nd onneting words to help your story flow. LIVING IN HARMONY You will experiene mny hnges when this yer is over nd mny deisions will e mde. Sometimes we n mke mistkes ut tht s oky s long s we lern from them. Don t forget to tke moment efore you mke n importnt deision. py ttention to y UNIT 3 it refers to. UNIT 1 22 Lnguge in Use te Pre-Lis Luky ning This setion helps you review nd rememer the most importnt points in the lesson. s Es pe r een you eve ut it. 1 Hve nts tner o min eve your pr re the. Wht trtions t the illus 2 Look y? of the stor te ning Post Lis 5 Mth the ld end 6 nitions. defi ds to the wor d in the ro liene ious unons Add two more t n iden ke not w gives nt tht e doumeright to driv you the young skid g Liste nin Listen nd. eh pir 3 4 hoose the or ure in ret pit es e senten plete thes n nd om Listen gi ides. Brdy s with Mrs euse... 7 o lok It ws e... nd... r m g too fst nd ws goin young ld the kily, he... d Lu 62 UNIT 3 field soer prtie (ver ) ) silent (high) Spe king words in eh 8 olumn. Look t the pitures. Wht re they out these fmous for? Mke sentenes informtion people using questions. Prtie your to sentenes hek in groups. E IN USE uniti on g followin 6 Red the h ions. Wit express e re, prti pr tner with nd words tht tify the sying them usism. Iden sm. enth enthusi without express to le! stressed inredi w, tht s Wo do? t did she So wh f sound (stuff) ERICAN pith footll prtise (ver LANGUAG Pr on BRITISH / AM We dd question t the end of informtion. sttement Cn you see to hek pttern in re mde? how the phrs Explin. es e.g., You re oming You ren t omin to the prty, ren t you? g to the prty, He n drive, re you? n t he? She doesn t own r, does she? They will mpi ng, won t they? mn urve setelt onuniti o Pr Listen to eh word. Put eh word unde r the orret gh sound. g sound (go) stops vehile when ly nd slides sudden in r devie sfety rsh W hile Lerning Tip NG TIP y in stor n events erdy, soo order of en, yest tify the d to iden or phrses (wh ntion to the ver ds If you nee tte forms. speil time wor r different nd py listen for re) in thei re, next) fter, efo t, present or futu tenses (ps LEARNI ng? Tell ethi y som shoked n 4 S SO N LE Prtie Mth eh sttement with the orret You wnt question. to go skte ording, Crlos loves surfin g, Jogging is oring, d Teres didn t ply footll lst yer, e Everyody should do exerise regul f He s fmo rly, us tennis plye r, don t you? doesn isn t it? t he? shoul isn t he? dn t they? did she? Chek This Out! d Amerin/British This ox shows you the differenes etween Amerin nd British English. d 7 This setion offers tips nd dvie to develop nd improve your lerning skills. Red refully, they re very useful! This ox gives you some extr informtion out the topis you re reding or listening to. This informtion helps you omplement your knowledge. Red!

6 nge s I hve too mny things hppening this yer. Too muh homework nd lot of prolems with my peers. When I surf on the net my prolems dispper. I n get lost, time flies, my mind eomes ler. I n listen to mny songs nd red lot of ooks. I n even lern mny reipes euse I love to ook. My prents sy I spend too muh time htting with my friend Brook But I told them to try it nd they ll get hooked. 9 1 Work in pirs. Ask nd nswer the questions. l 13 Courtesy of Cn LIVING IN HARMONY Wht s more importnt in your life: the internet, TV, musi, literture or phone onverstions? Why? How muh time do you spend on eh every week? Do you keep diry? Why or why not? Do you tell your online friends ll of your prolems? Why or why not? How n living your life online eome unhelthy? I don t wnt to spek euse I m sred of mking mist kes. Step it Up! Cris. Ev Mnu Spe king di.org 8 UNIT 2 Tlk to your prtner for one minute Where then shre do we find with the lss. English word SPEAK OU here in Chile s in our every? T! dy lives Where h I think ve you see n English? Where h Wht do you ve you he think? rd English? d Do you lis In my opinio ten to musi n or w e Do you ev th video And your opinio er ht wit lips in English? n? h people in Beuse othe r ountries 3 Look online? how esy it is t But o lern Eng Simple lph lish! et: The girl n d the dog. Esy plurls: O ne r tw o r s. There Short word re very fe s: Most w exeptio si words re sh Longer word ns. ort, for exmple s re often : run, work, shortened Cll everyody ig, go, mn. : fridge: refrig you : You ertor, PC: n sy Do you personl o or to gro up of peop mputer. spek Engli le. sh? to your frie nd or to yo Write dow ur teher n two mor e es your ides with your prtn y spets of lerning E nglish. Then er. think ou t wht you find diffiu lt. Shre This is hnds-on projet tht llows you to put ll of your skills Reding, Writing, Speking, nd Listening into prtie. M.org edi ikim s.w on Listeni ng o m do you muh time? How es? er re you ing video gm ply i onsum of med you like ld e the t kind dy? Do think wou ose the 1 Wh ne eh ho t do you spend onli text. Wh the ord nd ugh this on thro ons esti ikly skim your sugg r nswer. 2 Qu? Write you medi. est title t. Justify suming orking, fits es dy on one tht tte of hours We, soil netw ves nd The ple right nd 1/2 thn 7 musi, surfing the the digitl nti gy. r opinion. the s nolo to nd more voie thei n hoosing use. teens spe hing TV, listeningtody re known tified with tehwould like to wnt to r. When nt role whe Tody s de wt Teens losely iden ost ever yone very import softwre you es. inlu so se gm e o it eh othe The lm to ing vide gmes, gn plys hve to use nds intert with pge, or sum ertion nd ply of the first gen out video tht s why desi you new user e nd to wr ing e re prt omes to tlk ost infinite nd e etween soft how softwr s the form go dent indepen for ys is lm es the differen is to figure out of errors? Doe When it lrgest nowd h is the dventure gmes hoies ign is wht mk designer. His jore users notified ur, whi d Behvio nd 3D tion/ one. Des user interfe hppens? How ool, huh? 2D pny lle t dution. Emilio is it form, wh ent pge? Pretty Cndin om prodution of 8). Intro U. (200 the urr sum ser, t in pp. s. ks you J, Gls o DS. ilising ing on the Plfrey, nd wor : Bsi Book Bsed on while sty in Sntigo io in Cnd, spele nd Nintend New York l ntives. Emilio lives lopment stud PlySttion Port n of digit genertio 3, the first gme deve PlySttion rstnding Wii, l: unde Xox3, Born Digit 3 w nd intervie Emilio s pr t 1 of ns. Listen to wing questio ur? the follo nswer t Behvio there? Emilio do ked on Why? t does wor he Wh s hs o gmes? t projet ply lot of vide k? Why? Wh to wor s he get English outside Doe k s he spe d Doe 4 rests His inte s sn t like He doe urite d His fvo es video gm re plns e His futu gy is s tehnolo f He think ie dv His g unit 69 ro y P gr 5 unit Listen to Pul nd irle onverstion etw een Slly the orret d Slly plns nd nswer. Slly s mum to i tell her wnts her mum ou to. i eome t her plns ii give her n imme mum differ ii trvel rou engineer. ent resons ditely. tke gp for deision yer. iii study rhi nd the world iii explin to teture in to her mum Itly. permnen tht she Pul wnt tly in Itly. wnts to s to do n live pprentie e Slly think i he htes ship euse s her moth the ide of er is i too stru ii he wnt going to unive tured. s to work rsity. ii not well nd lern time. t the sme orgnized. iii his mum iii very ho thinks it s ti. good ide. Pul hs lredy spok points Writing en to /5 i some plum ii n elet ers. riin iii some friend. 2 Write rief summ s. ry out do when y Re ding wht you ou finish sho wnt to ol. Use infor the Unit to do so. mtion fro m 3 Red out the points most dem /10 needed for nding ree eh jo. rs nd nsw er the ques TOP JOBS tions. Writ FOR THE e sentenes NEXT10 YEAR Computer desriing S. the skills Progrmm er: Developin more indus g new oper tries to deve Environm ting syste lop ustom ms nd omm entl Engin eer: Environm softwre solutions. on ode ses the hrmful entl engin hs llowed eers re respo Networkin effets of humn tivi mny ty on the g Speilist: environment. nsile for studying, evlu Different from responsile ting nd mn for instll trditionl tion, ging infrstrut omputer ure, nd netw onfigurtion, min progrmm tenne n ESL/EFL Te er, networkin ork operting d support her: Invol g spei of networ ves tehing st systems. developm ks server hrdw list is ent of lngu udents of re, ll g ge netw skills to ultim es whose first ork tely e le lnguge is not to ommuni English, throu te in Englis gh the h. rview nd lio s inte. rmtion t 2 of Emi n to pr the orret info Now liste rt with e the h omplet He love inst Advert 1 te ning Pre-Lis g Liste nin For or Ag s m d Wor k ro y P gr es Fun n Listeni ng s Projet 4 unit 1 ising to Chi 5 on or orret option to Cirle Complete TV the omplete the sentene. the sentenes t hildren with the phrs rts imed t re the At 10pm es you her. Chilen dve re dequte? WhJun: I relly wnt to lern English. But it s too lte now. lst night, Susn You will her You () hve to / don t hve to think of ny they her sister lnguge. strt young to lern Cn you you think the reording insisted tht it imed t? d them? Do twie. the logs n Then, they her TV Doris: Tht s not true! You () rt. Who is seen/her re useful? when hve to / don t hve to e young. dve spoke ou you they the I strted lerning English when t relity show Look t her sister me over mentioned rmmes hve them? Do you think spek it fluently now. I ws 16 nd s tht some nd Mn vs. Wild wht prog y nyone times they see d. rdio? On with omp they strted htting. Jun: Lter, when So wht do I () hve to / must do? they uter. retions e She hd hildren s in exoti Doris: To strt, uy ook nd dinner when tried to ll ples nd study it t home. You lso (d) him efore their dd show hve to / don t hve to py ttention they teher in lss. dinner to invite to your ed up. him, ut Jun: I don t like my teher his moile Re ding t shool. phone Doris: You (e) hve to / don t hve to like your teher neessrily.. You hve to py ttention! Jun: I don t know. I men, I 2 Billo wnt to lern English. I (f) hve rds, s you to / don t hve to lern it for my Doris: Well, I think you (g) hve know, re points future jo. motorwy to / don t hve to work hrd. But lrge poste /5 s, nd ove it s fun, too! rs used to ring uildings of slogns dve rtise prod or onstrut nd uts. They ion sites.this 6 Complete the following pitures hve imges. Slogns hve n e seen sentenes using vers type of dve to to e distin ner min 7 Mth the following words rtisement tive, so tht e shor t nd humo rods nd tht express possiility or things with the orret mening. Answer the differ s from rous, so tht tht you re people noti questions others in term people n e nd reme or ren t le to do. in your own the Wht re s dpt red them mer them words: to tke on illords? OUT!. quikly. The re going AK you ing ion SPE spek gdget re Children Where n de wht posit ginst it? when they illords 2 Dei person ritiism e found? d Why is you for or Wht re too muh. To interr upt illord dve issue. Are Tehnology g on TV is slogns like. minute d intert rtising differ dverstisin on illords? informtive Hold on e Wht re ent? e.g., I think g on TV is te the imges e wrning on, dvertisin Writing Wit minu The footll tem like on illo In my opini support rds? One se... ments to rgu to ommunite with, rinstorm d It Exuse me... 3 Writ notes. your tem points TV e story ou something tht mkes you 3 With nd mke /5 enjoying Wit... understnd t of view t pst even you from e In the future your poin there is possile dnger t. (70 word rtising stops s). Use the the lss. e.g., Adve to hnge something to suit story on pge so! the rest of different es. Nowdys 64 s mod def te to minutes or progrmm onditions - ply your el. d every few d interrupte 7 Role rtising or. Films re smll devie with prtiulr to to the dve dent nd diret g l purpose onfi emi rtisin Be l : dve giving your opinion out opinions. e form ion on topi something or to give your 8 Writ g your posit words. someone 4 Tke turns onfirmin e etween I think hildren. Writ ion In my opin 8 Using ll the words from exerise 7, rete dilogue tht In my view onerned tlks out tehnology. I m As fr s or disgree gree le sy, other peop ter-rguments. uss wht re oun 5 Dis, nd prep with them think so?. Do you (out tht). I m not sure 93 Keep prt I don t gree ising Sorry, ut t the end Let s revie in opinion points ts ut w to disgree /10 sttemen 0-5 Good jo! 6 You n gree with some of the te lso of the de ounter-rguments Brillint! find you must UNIT Are You 1 ldre n? o r k s h ee ts 3 unit es ojet Pr These pges provide numer of exerises nd word gmes to ontinue uilding your English skills. W hile This setion sks you to reflet on fundmentl vlues tht help us live hrmoniously within soiety nd the world round us. WELCOME Worksheets Mix ing Living in Hrmony 2 Sujet In this setion you will find tivities to help you review wht you lerned in eh unit. By totling your sore, you n see where totlling you need more prtie. Just follow the suggestions for review in the ox t the ottom of the pge. 2 This setion presents n extr tivity to hllenge your English skills. I need to trnslte every word Review S SO N LE This setion provides useful lnguge to help you improve your onverstionl skills. identify with? I need to study more grmmr. s.wikime nts do you Dniel B Whih stude Spek Out! E I m d t lerning lnguges. I ll neve r improve. ommon C A WELCOM Speking uss the d ing rmme? Dis e of the prog t is the nm e imge. Wh Look t the w s lss. elo ue? questions stire? y ritiq too?, fmil show is the to Chile s does the How Writing US pplies types of vlue l ritiism of the t Wh soi think the Do you why. in? you ld 10 Write prgrph out ulturl movement Expl es? In pirs, disuss the poem. Do you es wou In wht wys s stereotyp stereotyp you hve lerned out on the Internet. Use hrter show, wht identify with the speker? Explin why Are the ng similr the digrm to help you pln. were writi or why not. ty? If you Chilen soie ing Some ides re: ritique in Notie the quntifier words tht go use in ook or smell to menings. tste their g efore eh word in old. Why do we A new style of musi A fshion trend s with with stron the word powders t something 2 Mth A genre of film An rtisti movement use mny in some ses nd muh in kithen opinion ou used in the to hnge A soil prtie s tht re others? Go to the Grmmr Referene t see you mllet keep spie they don ple to quietly so on pge 181 to hek. Explin the rule to someone spie rk to go lose to prtner. wood er mde of to snek up et.) elngelo ig hmm r, mgzine, ture y Mih Dvid newsppe sulp (tv, us i med fmo work in the the press people who the spies mind to hnge Soil medi mkes everything esier, inluding nt. misinterprettion. We should lwys e reful of ie eing viole hter Mgg how muh we shre on the Internet s well s wre tening for her dug of who extly n see our speifi posts. Alwys Wh ile Lis TV show Where did Where e lmes Why is it it? onsider your udiene online so you n void where Mrg nt ginst you her did it n episode innovtive? moveme misunderstndings nd, most importntly, rememer Listen to e strted out it strt? 31 e fter Mrg ss: tht ehind every post nd like is living, rething disu rmm, prog pirs d? In Dvi rtoon person with feelings nd opinions just like you, nd sulpture ened to the ion of the opin they deserve to e vlued nd respeted. e s Wht hpp out Mrg you infer t? to the n orre Wht n Liste r. orde tions were nologil think her res in hro Do you Self Evlution. Put the pitu sript gin listen to the pitures nd F Prediting ides nd voulry helps me Look t the nswers. E 4 hek your Mny new words relted to Internet re similr in Spnish nd English, so I n D phrses to Pre-Listen 1 Red the poem. Wht is it out? M M k ing Ch 8 W 2 S SO N LE d 95 Keep prt ising 0-5 Let s revie w 6-10 Good jo! points My Progress You will tke test t the end of eh unit, whih will help you mesure how muh you hve improved your English! CD This indites n udio trk. /5 Brillint!

7 Reding nd Understnding story rtiles legends Listening nd Understnding monologue song myth 10 UNIT 1 Reding nd Understnding rtiles informtive rtile online seurity tips Speking desrie people retell story hve dete Writing desrie reture summries story Living in Hrmony Respeting nd vluing the ides nd ultures of ll people eqully. Reding nd Understnding newspper rtile ook summries mgzine rtiles ook extrt find out informtion Listening nd Understnding Writing n interview text messge reports write out soil networking influenes in onverstion the rts nd ulture Living in Hrmony Vluing nd disussing the diversity of ulturl expressions nd the vlue of lol rtists. 30 UNIT 2 Reding nd Understnding summries mgzine rtile stories n dvertisement Listening nd Understnding onverstions stories report Speking disuss different types of literture n interview tlk out preferenes Speking give your opinion nd enourge others retell story summrize informtion Writing desrie produt story forml letter Living in Hrmony Lerning to reflet on wht we see nd red efore we deide it is true or flse. 50 UNIT 3 Speking disuss future possiilities ompre uses of new tehnology pronoune words with silent letters Listening nd Understnding Writing news report text messges dvie nd tips n opinion essy Living in Hrmony Disussing our responsiility in the use of tehnology nd refleting on our personl role in hnging soiety. 70 UNIT 4 Sope nd Sequene of Your Book Units Contents Reding Listening Speking Writing Wrpping Up UNIT 1 People nd our Beliefs 1 unit People nd Our Beliefs p Stereotypes Voulry on lothing nd desriing people Culturl differenes Urn legends Myths nd folktles An rtile p An emil p.14 Three stories p A desription p.14 A nrrtive monologue p.15 A song p.17 A onverstion p.20 A story p.22 Desriing people p.11 A dete p.16 Retelling story p.24 A desription p.13 A summry of populr story p.19 An originl story p.24 Review p.25 Worksheets Projet p.26 p.28 My Progress p.29 UNIT 2 The Arts nd Their Influene 2 unit The Arts nd Their Influene p Musi genres nd musi festivls Grffiti nd street rt Compound djetives Literture nd film Soil Networking An rtile p An rtile p.38 Four summries p.41 Musi genres p.31 An interview p.35 A onverstion A report p.39 p.43 Disussing literture p.39 An interview p. 34 Preferenes p.40 Finding out informtion p.44 A text messge p.36 A prgrph on the reltionship with soil medi p.42 A prgrph on ulturl movement p.44 Review p.45 Worksheets p.46 Projet p.48 My Progress p.49 UNIT 3 Wht s On? 3 unit Wht s On? p Relity Shows Forml nd informl letters Advertising Lnguge relted to driving nd sfety Telling stories An rtile p An rtile p A nrrtive text p.64 A onverstion p.54 A TV episode p.55 The history of produt p.60 A story p.62 A onverstion p.63 Disussing literture p.39 An interview p. 34 Preferenes p.40 Finding out informtion p.44 A text messge p.36 A prgrph on the reltionship with soil medi p.42 A prgrph on ulturl movement p.44 Review p.65 Worksheets Projet p.66 p.68 My Progress p.69 UNIT 4 Keeping up with Tehnology 4 unit Keeping up with Tehnology p Lnguge relted to tehnologil gdgets nd the effets of using Internet Phrsl vers Modl vers Linking words Compound nouns on tehnology nd the future An rtile p An essy p.76 An rtile p An informtive text p.81 An rtile p.84 A report p.74 A report p.75 A nrrtive monologue p.80 A TV progrmme p.82 Disussing out soil networks p.73 Mking preditions p.83 Two text messges An essy A list of rules p.71 p.77 p.80 Review p.85 Worksheets Projet p.86 p.88 My Progress p.89 Answers Grmmr Referene Ruris Pronunition Guide 189 Lerning Ojetives

8 Units 5 UNIT Prt Time, or Full Time? 5 unit 90 p UNIT Spending Time Together 6 Voulry on reer prospets, jos nd jo skills Prt Time, or Full Time? Speking Reding nd Understnding disuss pros nd ons rtiles desrie unusul reers resume / urriulum vite tlk out jos pronoune stress nd rhythm Listening nd Understnding n interview Writing jo interview out unusul jos urriulum vite Living in Hrmony Prtising good work ethis nd rigour while eing responsile nd persevernt. unit Contents Spending Time Together Reported speeh nd reported questions Listening nd Understnding personl informtion personl experienes informtive messges song Speking give dvie interview lssmtes role-ply telephone onverstions Writing desription of sport out leisure tivities log Living in Hrmony Understnding reltionships with friends nd fmily while respeting other ultures. 110 UNIT 6 Voulry on free time, friendship nd trvelling Connetors Question tgs Should/ shouldn t 7 Moving Forwrd 7 unit Lnguge relted to helth nd hits Used to Moving Forwrd 3rd onditionl Reding nd understnding rtiles survey Speking n interview tlk out sustne use nswer questions Listening nd understnding personl refletion Writing dvie n interview giving dvie Living in Hrmony Emphsizing the importne of helthy diet nd good hits to preserve our helth. Knowledge of the self, one s potentils nd limittions. 130 UNIT 7 p UNIT 8 The Prie of Progress 8 unit The Prie of Progress Reding nd Understnding Speking rtiles tlk out Chilen industries, exports, nturl report resoures poems the environment hve telephone onverstion Listening nd Understnding quiz wether forest telephone onverstion Writing usiness emil n open emil to promote wreness Living in Hrmony Lerning out our own nturl resoures nd eing onsious of our nd other people s tions. 150 UNIT 8 p I wish/if only Prefixes Lnguge relted to nturl resoures nd the environment Suffixes Diret nd indiret questions Advers Connetors Speking Writing Wrpping Up Interviewing Two Review A desription An rtile your lssmte desriptions p.105 p.91 p p.94 p.97 Worksheets An interview An rtile A urriulum p.98 p.95 Role-plying vite p.106 dilogue An informtive A rdio p.104 p.97 Projet text progrmme p.101 p.100 p.108 An interview p.102 onditionl p UNIT Listening 2nd Uses of ply, do, nd go Reding nd Understnding Teengers reltionships during their shool yers. poem personl experiene Reding My Progress p.109 A log entry Review Three nrrtive Disussing out text monologues p.117 p.125 p.111 p.112 A poem A prgrph on Worksheets p.113 ulturl spets Disussing A song Three nrrtive out p.126 p.114 p.119 texts teengers p.115 A onverstion p.112 A desription Projet An rtile p.116 Giving dvie p.124 p.128 p A nrrtive text p.113 My Progress Two p.121 Interviewing desriptions your lssmte p.129 p.116 p.124 A nrrtive monologue p.122 Role-plying sitution p.120 An rtile p.111 A nrrtive Disussing A prgrph An rtile monologue out helth giving dvie p p.135 p.135 p.137 An informtive text A report Shring ides A letter p.137 out text p.140 p.141 Four nrrtive p.139 texts A rdio p.138 progrmme Disussing An rtile p.142 out stying p.141 helthy p.142 An rtile p.144 Review p.145 Worksheets p.146 Projet p.148 My Progress p.149 An emil Review A report Disussing Two poems p.160 p.165 p.154 out nturl p.151 resoures Four informtive A onverstion Worksheets p.154 A report texts p.163 p.155 Role-plying p p.166 dilogue An rtile p.156 A wether Projet p.157 Disussing forest An rtile out limte p.160 p.168 p.158 hnges p.160 A onverstion An rtile My Progress p.161 p.164 Interviewing your lssmte An rtile p.169 p.162 p.163 Trnsripts Themti Index 211 Glossry Biliogrphies 214 Wesites 214 Ver List 215 7

9 Welome 1 Whih students do you identify with? I m d t lerning lnguges. I ll never improve. I don t wnt to spek euse I m sred of mking mistkes. Dniel I need to study more grmmr. Cris I need to trnslte every word. Ev Mnu Speking 2 Tlk to your prtner for one minute then shre with the lss. Where do we find English words in our everydy lives here in Chile? Where hve you seen English? Where hve you herd English? d Do you listen to musi or wth video lips in English? e Do you ever ht with people in other ountries online? SPEAK OUT! I think Wht do you think? In my opinion And your opinion? Beuse But 3 Look how esy it is to lern English! Simple lphet: The girl nd the dog. Esy plurls: One r two rs. There re very few exeptions. Short words: Most si words re short, for exmple: run, work, ig, go, mn. Longer words re often shortened: fridge: refrigertor, PC: personl omputer. Cll everyody you : You n sy Do you spek English? to your friend or to your teher or to group of people. Write down two more esy spets of lerning English. Then think out wht you find diffiult. Shre your ides with your prtner. 8 Welome

10 Listening 4 It s the seond dy of shool. Crl nd Ptrii re friends ut re in different lsses. They hven t seen eh other sine Deemer. They meet in the middle of the hll. Listen to the min ides of the onverstion. Shre with the lss. Listen gin nd omplete the ides. i Crl is frid of. ii Crl feels of other students. iii Ptrii hs strted. iv Ptrii does this. v Ptrii sys it helps her. Shre your nswer with your prtner then listen gin to hek. Add some new ides to the tle Speking 5 Work in groups to put the questions in order. We find English: ex: internet English In Our Lives English n help us: ex: understnd i you / do / speking / in / Why / importnt / nd / think / writing / English / is /? ii help / does / lerning / How / ess / English / us / informtion /? iii ommunite / Does / in / it / other / help / us / people / with / ountries /? iv get / Does / help / it / us / jos / etter /? v reers / Wht / people / or / require / jos / spek / who / English /? vi kind / would / informtion / of / Wht / red / you / like / listen / to / or / to /? English is importnt euse: ex: improves our CV Wht we would like to do to improve our English: ex: lern how to listen to 9

11 1 unit People nd Our Beliefs Reding nd Understnding stories rtiles legends Listening nd Understnding monologue song myth Speking desrie people retell story hve dete Writing desrie reture summries story Living in Hrmony Respeting nd vluing the ides nd ultures of ll people eqully. 10 Unit 1

12 Lesson 1 First Impressions nd Stereotypes How do Chilen teengers see themselves? Do teengers look the sme ll over the world? Are there stereotypes? Voulry 1 Look t the pitures nd, in pirs, desrie wht they re wering. Use the words to help you. ring hednd hoodie t-shirt trousers nekle errings leggings elt tie oots shirt Frniso Cmil Jvier Sol Speking 2 Listen nd hek your nswers. 3 Clssify the lothes y dding three more to eh list. Tops: Bottoms: Jewellery: ring,... Aessories: Footwer: 4 Interview your prtner. Ask nd nswer the following questions: d e f Wht lothes do you usully wer? Do you like olourful lothes? Wht olours do you prefer? Do you ever wer ggy or tight-fitting jens or trousers? When? Wht do you usully wer when you go out? Hve you ever worn seond-hnd lothes or lothes mde with nturl fires? Wht type of lothes do your friends wer? 11

13 Pre- Reding 5 Look t the title of the rtile. In pirs, disuss the key spets we notie in other people s pperne. Are you onerned with mintining your pperne? Wht 6 does the word stereotype men? While Reding 6 7 Red the rtile quikly. Is the rtile out... fshion? stereotypes? disrimintion? Red the text gin. Are the sttements True (T) or Flse (F)? Justify your nswer with informtion from the text. With prtner, explin your nswers nd your resoning. Forming first impressions is not ommon. People ssume tht wether ffets personlity. People with different lothes usully hve very different interests. d Our rins n t lssify nd simplify informtion for us. Post Reding Wht s in our ften when we try to define our identity we get trpped in stereotypes. First impressions n e dngerous euse you n e tegorized s prtiulr type of person whih hs nothing to do with you. Stereotypes re eliefs out people sed on their memership in prtiulr group. They n e positive, negtive, or neutrl. Stereotypes sed on gender, ethniity, or ouption re ommon in mny soieties. The tendeny is to elieve tht if you ome from tropil limte then you wer multi-oloured lothes, nd you re often extroverted nd love singing nd dning in the street. It is lso sid tht people from the old ountries re very reserved nd don t show their emotions esily. These people usully wer extr wrm ots, srves, gloves, er-muffs nd ll kinds of hts to keep the old out, espeilly in winter. So, n we sy they re old-fshioned nd oring euse they re not wering shorts whih re the ltest fshion? 8 Answer the questions using your own words. Wht is stereotype? Wht exmples n you give? Are first impressions dngerous? Why/Why not? Wht do you think your lothes sy out you? Is it the messge you wnt to projet to soiety? d Do you think the medi hs positive or negtive effet on ommon stereotypes? Why? ommons.wikimedi.org British / Amerin olour ehviour fires fringe trousers jewellery olor ehvior fiers ngs pnts jewelry In some ountries, people wer trditionl dress in stylish modern wy, like the women in Indi who wer sris with sunglsses nd the mny new styles of turn tht men nd women re wering in ountries where 12 Unit 1

14 pperne? people wrp their heds. Some people prefer nturl fires nd others prefer more industril fris. Does this men they hve defined personlity type? Wht out young people? In this ge of ommunition, youngsters ll round the world follow their own trends nd you will find teenger with spiked dyed hir s well s pierings, htting on the Internet with friend on the other side of the gloe who is wering ggy lothes nd hs shggy hirut. However, oth re proly wering triners on their feet nd shre the sme musil preferenes. Whtever their pperne, tll or short, slim or rod or wering vintge lothes, will this imge tell us out someone s ehviour? We tend to form stereotypes simply euse our rins like to put informtion in order. It is esier to rememer things or people if we put them into tegories. This developmentl theory however should not mke us lel people just euse they remind us of something or someone. We need to get to know the other person efore we form n opinion of them. Hve you ever formed n opinion out someody tht ws ompletely wrong? Adpted from Lewin, K. (1999). The Complete Soil Sientist: A Kurt Lewis Reder. Wshington, D.C.: Amerin Psyhologil Assoition Press LEARNING TIP ommons.wikimedi.org How do you rememer new voulry words? Put the words in tegories. Ativity 9 is n exmple of wy you n reord new voulry in your noteook. Voulry 9 Find words in the text tht desrie hir, lothes, nd people. Use ditionry if you don t understnd some of the words. Complete the ox. Speking 10 In pirs, nswer the question Hve you ever formed n opinion out someody tht ws ompletely wrong? Tell eh other out it. Writing hir lothes people spek out! We use these expressions to desrie people. He / She is / ws thin / tll, et. He s / ws wering jens. They re / were dressed in He / She hs / hd long hir He / She ould e He / She looks / looked n extrovert euse. 11 Consider stereotypes s onstrutions of soiety nd not s truths. Use the voulry from the text nd tivities you hve done to desrie stereotype you re fmilir with. Choose from one of the following groups: person who works in the entertinment re person from different ontinent person from n ethni group person from n urn trie person from ig ity person from rurl re In your desription, mention... their min physil pperne their personlity hrteristis wht they re supposed to e or do why you think the stereotype exists how we n fight ginst this stereotype 13

15 While Reding Pre- Listening ommons.wikimedi.org 16 Quikly red this emil from Plo to his friend Mrk. He hs just rrived in London to study English in Cmridge. Answer the following questions. To: From: Wht ide did Plo hve of British people? Why did he hve tht ide? Ws he right? 12 Look t the 2 photogrphs. Where do you think they ome from? Why? While Listening 13 Listen. List the differenes etween the desription nd the photo. i iii Post Listening 14 ii iv Work in pirs. Desrie the other photo in detil. Try to use t lest 4 new words. Use the Spek Out on pge 13 to help you. e.g., He hs short lk hir. To: From: Mrk Plo Hi Mrk, Wht wonderful ity London is. I hd totlly different ide of wht I would find. Everyody sys tht British people re very reserved, (tht they love their pets more thn people!), tht they dress trditionlly nd et fish nd hips. To tell you the truth I find them quite outgoing, polite nd helpful. I never imgined I would find suh lrge multiulturl ity, people from ll over the world wering inredile lothes; soft mterils nd very right olours in trousers nd dresses, ll shpes nd sizes; wonderful heddresses like the turns nd srves worn in so mny different wys. I m relly living ulturl shok ut very plesed to e here. Hope to see you soon in Cmridge. Cheers, Plo Post Reding Pre- Reding 15 Wht do you know out Englnd? Wht s the pitl ity? Hve you met n English person? Wht is ntionl dish? Do you think they re extroverted people? Wht is Cmridge? Self Evlution How do I get the min ide of text? Cn I distinguish etween ft nd fition? How? 17 Work with your prtner nd disuss the following questions. In wht wys ws Plo wrong out the British people? With prtner, disuss why his trip to London hnged his pereption of British people nd ulture. How will tht experiene ffet the wy he thinks out other foreign ultures? 14 Unit 1

16 Lesson 2 Are We Different? ommons.wikimedi.org Pre-Listening 1 Red the prover. How do you think ulture ffets people s lives? In groups of 4, disuss the mening of the prover. Mke list of ides nd shre them with the other groups. While Listening A mn is ut the produt of his thoughts. Wht he thinks, he eomes -Mhtm Gndhi 2 Listen to person tlking out the importne of knowing other ultures. As you listen, underline the phrses you her from the list elow. We my think there re differenes etween others nd us. the ulture of other ountries. other ultures re more interesting thn my own ulture. ore vlues, eliefs nd soil ttitudes tht re typil to eh prtiulr re or ethniity. Every time I trvel things out other ultures. I went to the USA s hild. we ould egin to notie these similrities. Brits re very different people. tried to lern out other ultures. I think this is hppening. Compre your nswers with your prtner. Are they the sme? Now listen gin nd hek your nswers. 15

17 Post Listening 3 Work in groups of 4 to 6. Disuss the pitures nd deide wht ntionlity you think the people might elong to. Disuss s group wht you know out these ountries or ultures. How do you know these fts? Ask your group if they know ny other interesting informtion to shre. Then omplete the hrt nd reserh the lst olumn. People from We know out the ountry We wnt to know out the ountry Speking 4 Red the Chek This Out Box. Wht is your d Crete your rgument. Write few sentenes you wnt immedite retion to the informtion? to strt with nd then think of n exmple to support Divide your group into two sides: your ides. For = Amerins should e lled Amerins e.g., We think people from the USA should(n t) e lled Aginst = Amerins shouldn t e lled Amerins Amerins euse... Brinstorm ides with your prtners. Think out these questions: e Tke turns to disuss your rgument. Mke sure tht everyone in your group hs hne to spek. For f Conlude y deiding whih side ws more onvining. Why should people from the USA e lled Amerins? Why shouldn t people e offended y the English word Amerins? Aginst Wht is the origin of the people eing lled Amerins? Why shouldn t people from the USA e lled Amerins? Who might e offended? Wht ould the djetive nd noun e hnged to? CHECK THIS OUT! Even though Ameri is ontinent, we refer to people from the USA s Amerins. Ditionry definition: mer i n (djetive) to the United Sttes or its inhitnts. (noun) someone orn in or living in the United Sttes, espeilly itizen of tht ountry. Rihmond Compt Ditionry 16 Unit 1

18 Pre-Listening 5 Cn you nswer the questions? Red nd hek. Wht do singer-songwriters do? When did they first eome populr? Wht re their songs often out? d Wht instruments do they typilly ply? Singer-songwriter A singer-songwriter omposes the melodies, writes the lyris nd performs their own songs. The first populr singer-songwriters ppered in the 1960s nd 1970s. They inluded Bo Dyln, Pul Simon, Joni Mithell nd Leonrd Cohen. Singer-songwriters usully write out their own experienes nd often tell stories through their songs. Mny singer-songwriters use either guitr or pino to perform. Sufjn Stevens, however, is multi-instrumentlist. This song is from the lum Illinois. Sufjn originlly hoped to mke CD for eh of the Amerin sttes. He hsn t finished yet! You n her prts of the song Chigo in the film Little Miss Sunshine. While Listening 6 d Listen to the song nd nswer the questions. Wht two ples did the singer go to? e.g., Chigo How did he trvel? Who did he trvel with? Where did they sleep? Post Listening Sufjn Stevens I fell in love gin ll things go, ll things go drove to Chigo ll things know, ll things know we sold our lothes to the stte I don t mind, I don t mind I mde lot of mistkes in my mind, in my mind Chorus you me to tke us ll things go, ll things go to rerete us ll things grow, ll things grow we hd our mindset ll things know, ll things know you hd to find it ll things go, ll things go I drove to New York in vn, with my friend we slept in prking lots I don t mind, I don t mind I ws in love with the ple in my mind, in my mind I mde lot of mistkes in my mind, in my mind 7 Whih djetives would you use to desrie the song? Use the remining djetives to desrie other songs you know. e.g., I think it s very...song. It s got... feel. originl different lid-k ommeril reellious onventionl Self Evlution Wht strtegy do I use to find speifi informtion when listening? Do I use wht I lredy know to try nd understnd listening tivity? How? 17

19 Lesson 3 Urn Legends Title Pre-Reding 1 In pirs, disuss the following questions: Wht n myths nd legends tell us out ulture? Wht is the differene etween myth nd legend? Wht does urn legend men? While Reding 2 Red the three stories quikly nd mth them with the titles. You don t need to use one of the titles. Chek your nswer with prtner. A Hungry Best / Keep Your Promise, Reeive Your Wish / Vmpire Slyer / The Ghost Who Hithhikes 3 Look up the words in old in the ditionry. Write sentenes with eh word. They n relte to the text or to your own life. Post Reding 4 Answer the following questions. How did Mrt Infnte die? Wht re the two versions of Romuldito s origin? Whih do you elieve? Why do you think the hupr drinks the lood of frm nimls? This urn legend used goose umps nd terror in the hitnts of Ls Condes, in Sntigo, s it hs een sid tht eutiful young londe girl ppers t night long Kennedy Avenue etween Amerio Vespuio nd Gerónimo Alderete, dressed in long, white lether ot. It is lleged tht she would try to hith ride with mrried ouples to the nerest supermrket. One in the r, when the ondutor elerted, she would eome distressed nd sk him to plese slow down nd then slowly dispper from sight. There re mny witnesses who hve sworn to hve seen her hithhiking nd two txi drivers who hve lleged to hve tully piked her up. They oth onfirm tht she st in the k set nd eme upset when the r strted moving fster. Mny witnesses hve lso filled out reports t the polie sttion in Ls Trnquers ertifying tht they hve seen her. But where does this legend ome from? An investigtion ws rried out nd it ws disovered tht in August 1978 womn y the nme of Mrt Infnte hd died on the orner of Kennedy Avenue nd Gerónimo Alderete in r ident. This womn is elieved to e L Rui de Kennedy. Title Sn Frniso Borj Street, in Sntigo, hs existed sine the eginning of this entury. It hs experiened mny hnges ut there is one wll tht hs remined untouhed, wll full of nimits. These nimits re ommon in the Chilen ulture ut wht is speil out this wll is tht there is one plque for mle lled Romuldito whih is full of flowers nd thnk you notes. ommons.wikimedi.org 18 Unit 1

20 ommons.wikimedi.org There re two versions of who Romuldito ws. Some sy tht he ws n 11 yerold oy who ws roed nd killed nd others sy tht he ws 40 yer-old mn who hd just een relesed from the hospitl ross the rod nd hd een run over. However, it doesn t mtter wht is elieved s people strted visiting him nd sking him fvours nd, y mirle, these fvours would e grnted. A ldy who lens the plques on the wll is firm eliever in Romuldito nd sys tht he will grnt your wishes s long s you keep the promise you mde to him. Jun Gonzlez, nother devotee of Romuldito usully visits him every Mondy for six months when wish is grnted. Title The nme Chupr omes from the est s reported hit of ttking nd drinking the lood of frm nimls, espeilly gots, similr to wht vmpire does. Physil desriptions of the reture vry. The first person to see it sid it hd reptilin ody, ovl hed, ulging red eyes, fnged teeth nd long, drting tongue. In other reports, its height ws pproximtely 1 to 1.2m high, nd it stood nd hopped like kngroo. It lso mde hissing sounds nd hd terrile odour. Another desription mentioned hevy reture, like smll er, with spikes from the nek to the til. Where did the myth originte? The world first herd of this new vmpire est from ldy in Puerto Rio in She reported tht eight of her sheep died with ite mrks nd no lood left in their odies. Other events in the ountry followed nd finlly, omedin spoke out the huprs. From Mine, in the north of the USA right down to Chile in South Ameri, inluding Argentin, Bolivi, Colomi, Hondurs, El Slvdor, Nirgu, Pnm, Peru, Brzil nd Mexio, this modern myth is spreding. In Chile it ws first seen in Clm, where 500 sheep were killed. It hs lso een sighted in ities suh s Conepión nd Puerto Montt. Lerning Tip How do you lern new voulry words? Try to think of synonyms nd put them together. Volury 5 Writing 6 7 Find synonyms in the text for the following words: limed ondutor not hnged desriptions ome from seen Red the following summry of L Rui de Kennedy. Fill in the lnks with so, nd, when, or ut. The legend is tht mysterious londe womn in white lether ot would pper on Kennedy Avenue in Ls Condes neighorhood. She tried to get rs to pik her up. One night, driver piked her up she got distressed the driver elerted she sked him to go slower. then, very slowly, she would dispper. The legend origintes from the story of girl who died in the re. Write summry for the other two urn legends. Inlude: The min points A short desription of the min hrter Approprite trnsitions to link the ides (so, nd, ut) ommons.wikimedi.org Adpted from: Corrles, S. (1997). Chuprs nd Other Mysteries. Sheffield: Greenlef Pulishing. Emmerih, F. (2004). Leyends hilens. Sntigo: Pehuén Editores 19

21 Lnguge in Use 8 We use If... sentenes to desrie situtions we think re possile in the present or future, s well s to desrie generl truths. If you see horror film, you will e sred. If you drive slowly, you won t rrive on time. If you wnt it, I n lend it to you. If you ook food with penuts, I will hve n llergi retion. Prtie Complete the sentene using the orret form of the vers from the ox nd your own words. Inlude will or won t where neessry. Pre-Listening 9 Disuss the questions with your prtner. drink see hve get e le to If I wth sry movie,., I n t sleep t night. If I red suspense ook,. d If I don t go to ed erly,. e, I will run s fst s I n. Wht kind of stories do you prefer? e.g., romnti, horror, siene fition, drm Why do you like them? Wht re spooky stories? While Listening 10 Listen to onverstion where Soni nd Rihrd re tlking out shool projet on spooky stories. While you listen, omplete these sentenes. 11 d e I will finish the projet if you. If you hve story out the Yeti, n I? I hve the film. If you wnt it, I n to you. If you wth it, you time to write your summry y tomorrow. If you wnt to see it, I nd get it. Post Listening Writing Listen gin to hek your nswers. Complete the sentenes so they re true for you. 12 If I hve projet due next week, If my friend needs help on n ssignment, I ll only e lte for lss if 13 Desrie very strnge reture. Work in groups of three. Write desription of reture using minimum of 5 new words from the voulry in the text ove. Inlude if... sentenes in your desription. Use the desription on pge 19 s guide. Consider: physil spets. wht it ets. where it lives. d wht it does. ommons.wikimedi.org 20 Unit 1

22 s step it up! Mke survey of your lss. Find out how mny students like horror films, how mny they wth in month, whih genres re the most populr, et. Ask t lest 5 questions. Orgnize the results in grphs nd present it to the lss. spek out! To tlk out fts use neutrl lnguge. It hs You n see There is / re It is enormous nd hiry, too. It is similr to Drul. Speking 14 Look t the pitures elow nd tke turns desriing wht you know out eh hrter with prtner. Inlude the following informtion. Wht the hrter looks like. How nd where you think the hrter originted. If they ome from film or TV show, tell wht you know out it, inluding the type of story nd wht it is sed on. Shre results with the rest of the lss. ommons.wikimedi.org Self Evlution I n write summry of text I ve red using... I n never / sometimes / lwys orret myself when I m speking. 21

23 Lesson 4 Myths & Legends Pre-Listening 1 Do you know ny of the myths nd legends in the pitures? 2 Work with your prtner. Disuss wht you think the differene is etween myth nd legend. Try to mth the following Chilen myths nd legends with their desription. Desierto Florido L Clhon Portillo d Alinto e Pinoy f El Truo g Ls Tres Psuls i A dwrf who impregntes women. ii Flowers in the desert. iii An enhnted lke. iv A mermid. v A with. vi A ird tht rings good luk to miners. vii Three sisters who loved the sme young mn. While Listening 3 Listen to the story nd identify whih myth or legend it refers to. 22 Unit 1

24 4 Listen gin while you red the text. Complete the gps with the orret words or phrses from the ox. return were le remin serhing for ppered grief wept loom reveled to spred spot seeking The Fr North: The Origin of the Flowering Desert. During Spnish rule, there ws eutiful, young womn who lived in smll villge ner the Limrí River. All the young men were in love with the lovely Aññu, ut none of them () to win her love. One dy, hndsome, young miner me through town, () gold. When he sw Aññu, he fell in love with her too, nd this time she loved him k. One night, the miner hd disturing drem, in whih mountin spirit () him the preise lotion of the gold tht he ws (d). He revived his serh for the gold, promising Aññu tht he would (e) soon. Aññu wited for him dy fter dy, ut her miner never gin (f). Aññu s hert ws roken nd, inonsolle, she eventully died from (g). Her funerl ws on riny dy nd ll the villgers (h) for her. The next dy, the sun wrmed the vlley nd eutiful, red flowers grew from the (i) where the young womn hd died. The legend sys tht Aññu eme flower s gesture of love, so tht she ould lwys (j) lose to him nd (k) her love everywhere. Tody, you n still see the Aññu flowers (l) in the re tht is now known s the Atm Desert, reting spetulr fields of wildflowers. This mzing phenomenon is known s desierto florido, or desert in loom. Adpted from Pérez, F. (2012). Mitos y leyends de Chile. Sntigo: Zig-Zg ommons.wikimedi.org Post Listening 5 Answer the following questions. Why did the young miner ome to Aññu s villge? Did the miner find the gold he ws looking for? How did Aññu die? d Why do the flowers loom in the desert now, ording to the story? Lnguge in Use To further desrie person, ple or thing, we n dd smll phrse, or luse, to the noun. The young womn who lived in villge. who lived in villge is defining reltive luse. It tells us whih womn we re tlking out. The luse is often introdued y words suh s, who, whih, tht, ut lso when, where, nd whose. We n use who or tht to tlk out people. We n use whih or tht to tlk out things. 23

25 Speking 6 In pirs, mke notes to rete summry using the voulry from the ox in tivity 4. Try to tell the story in your own words. The Flowering Desert Who: Aññu, miner Wht: When: Where: Why: Prtie 8 Complete the following sentenes using who, tht, whih, or where. e.g., A miner is person who looks for gold nd other minerls. The Atm Desert is ple. A funerl is n tivity. Grief is feeling. spek out! We use these words nd expressions to help tell story First After tht Next As soon s Suddenly In the end During While Writing The omintion of vowels e nd n e pronouned in mny different wys. Pronunition 7 Write story out myth or legend with 60 words or more. You n hoose one from this lesson or invent your own story. Inlude some of the following words or phrses to onnet your ides. Use the desription in the text on pge 21, or the model on pge 19 tivity 6 to help you. one dy / night during the next dy when soon tody lter finlly in the end Introdution: Who? Where? When? Development... Wht hppened? During... The next dy/week When... ut soon... After tht... Conlusion: Finlly... 9 Listen to some of the sounds: like ird, er, ed, tree. Put the following words, spelled with e, under the orret olumn: plese, serh, spred, pper. ird er ed tree Identify the sme sounds in the following words nd ple them under the orret sound: were seek wept ner lern me red ler Work with prtner nd dd 3 more words to eh olumn. Use ditionry to help you. Self Evlution After reding text I n orgnize the informtion to spek out it y using... I understnd how to orgnize ides to write story or event y Unit 1

26 Review 1 unit 1 Work with your prtner nd omplete the sentenes with informtion tht mkes sense. All sentenes re relted to the unit. 2 Finish the following sentenes with your own ides. Stereotypes re. Clothes. Ples. d A songwriter is. e A reture. 3 Complete the following situtions ordingly. An will pss the test if she hve dyed their hir of different olour ll over their ody. ppers t night nd it s lwys full of. The is mysterious tht. d often tell stories in their. If ie melts, it 4 Work with your prtner nd write phrse with if... to omplete the sentene., we will hve wonderful time. d, I wer uniform., we n ept ll styles., I will try to visit Desierto Florido. 5 Using the words in the ox elow, identify the prt of speeh nd rete originl sentenes. mysterious dyed ppers ggy different 6 Write sentenes with the following words. goose umps run over ulture legends d If you lwys et too muh, you Ie will flot if d review 25

27 1 unit Worksheets 1 Choose 2 words from the list nd omplete the informtion elow. stereotype - trend - dressing style - ulture - different - reture - legend - Chuprs - Pinoy Word 1: Write definition:. Brinstorm ides or words relted:. d Write sentene inluding the word:. e Drw piture to help you rememer it:. Word 2: Write definition:. Brinstorm ides or words relted:. d Write sentene inluding the word:. e Drw piture to help you rememer it:. 2 Work with your prtner nd find ides or words relted to the words given long the unit. Apperne:. Fshion:. Mrried ouple:. d Animl:. e Wild flowers:. 3 Write out three things tht you did or hppened to you in the lst week nd you onsider importnt. 4 During this lst week... Answer the following questions with your own informtion. Wht kind of lothes did you wer when you were hild? Wht hir style did you hve lst yer? Wht people did you see tht were different while you were on vtion? d Wht reture were you most frid of when you were hild? Why? 5 Finish the sentenes with your own ides. A lssmte who. A noise tht. A ple where. d The jket tht. e The yer when. 26 Unit 1

28 1 unit Worksheets 6 Work with your prtner nd nswer the following questions. Wht food do you know tht mkes people sleepy? Wht friends do you hve who like tlking lot? Wht person do you know who dresses differently? d Wht ple do you know where you n go nd hve unusul experienes? 7 Use the following words to rete If... sentenes. First impression / wrong: Clothes / unique style: Culture / different: d Sn Borj street / nimits: 8 Work with your prtner. Ask nd nswer the questions using If... Wht will you do if you get d grde in the following English test? If I like the movie will you lend it to me? Where do you go if you wnt to e lone? d If you meet person from nother ountry, wht will you tlk out? e Who do you tlk to if you hve prolem? 9 Complete these sentenes with: who, tht, whih, where nd your own ides. A teher is someone d e A pet is n niml It often rins in the spring, Going to the inem is n tivity My fmily re going to Mimi, 10 Complete Dvid s emil using the orret form of the vers in rkets. Der Peter, I got your emil out the onert yesterdy. Of ourse I wnt (wnt) to go! I relly (like) tht nd. In ft, I (listen) to their ltest CD lst night Lots of my mtes from shool d (pln) to go to the onert too. I e (not/hve got) tiket yet! I hope I n get one. Wht f (you/think) of this ide? Let s meet outside your shool nd g (go) to uy the tikets together if there h (e) ny tikets left! We need to meet t 2.30 p.m. euse the tiket offie i (lose) t 3.00 p.m. Don t e lte: it j (tke) fifteen minutes to wlk there. I must get k to my homework. nd finish my Mths efore we go. See you, Dvid 27

29 Projet 1 unit Desrie Chrter 1 Look t the pitures. Do you reognize ny of them? Disuss the following in pirs or smll groups. Wht re some myths or legends tht re not mentioned in the unit? Do you know of ny myths or legends from different ultures? Reserh fmous stories from Afri nd Asi. You nd your group re going to rete nd present one of the following desriptions: fitionl modern-dy urn trie or reture form myth from nother ulture ommons.wikimedi.org 3 Mke sure you inlude t lest one of the following items in your presenttion. Put hek eside the item. A PERSON FROM MODERN URBAN TRIBE -djetives nd voulry from the unit relted to pperne nd personlity -their likes nd dislikes, ex. hoies, lothes, et. -typil ehviours or tendenies -idels or ims of the memers -phrses using who, whih, where, whose, nd tht *Refer to lesson 1 for desriptive djetives B CREATURE FROM A MYTH FROM ANOTHER CULTURE -djetives from the unit to desrie pperne nd personlity -wht the reture does, where nd when it is tive, ex. routines, -the origin nswer why, how, et. -phrses using who, whih, where, whose, nd tht *Refer to lesson 1 for desriptive djetives Your hrter hs logil origin. Your hrter is elievle. Your presenttion inludes desription of your hrter. There is morl or importnt messge. 4 Selet speker or speker(s) from your group nd give your presenttion Work in groups of 4 or 5. Use your imgintion nd disuss your ides out hrter with your group. Together deide whih ox you wnt your originl hrter to ome from. Choose A or B from tivity 3. Prepre the desription sed on the requirements in ox 3 ording to whih you selet. Refer to the text on pge 19 for smple of desriptive text. Drw piture of your hrter. Unit 1 5 Now tht everyody hs presented, it s your hne to vote. Who told the most retive story? the niest story? the sriest story? the sddest? 9 3

30 Reding My Progress 1 unit 1 Red the text out British ulture nd nswer the questions. The British ulture is very diverse. The UK is multiulturl soiety in whih people from different ethni, religious nd ulturl kgrounds live together. In prks ll over the United Kingdom you n see people, young nd old, wering different lothes, listening to different musi nd enjoying themselves in different wys: from plying riket to skteording. If you sk mny people who live outside the UK wht they ssoite with Britin, they normlly mention the sme things: musi (The Betles), pus ( pint of eer), food (fish nd hips), London txis, the red uses nd telephone ooths, the Royl Fmily nd, of ourse, the BBC, with its multiulturl progrmmes. d Listening How does the writer desrie British soiety? In wht wys do the people show they re different? Wht do people who don t live in the UK think of when you mention it? Wht kind of progrmmes does the BBC mke? 2 Listen nd hek the orret sentene. I ve known Pul for ten yers. I know Pul for ten yers. I don t think tht he s een to Argentin yet. I don t think tht his eing to Argentin yet. I strted plying omputer gmes t 10 o lok. I strt plying omputer gmes t 10 o lok. d Were you studying t home lst night? Where you studying t home lst night? Writing 3 Finish the sentenes with your own words. If it rins tomorrow,. Reggeton is. I often. d A story tht is inredile n lso e desried s. e Lst night I euse. points /4 points /4 points /5 4 In your noteook, desrie in 50/60 words the est hrter (rel or fitionl) you herd or red out in this unit. - Refer to the text on pge 19 for smple of desriptive text. - Rememer to onsider: physil spet, where it lives, wht it ets, wht it does. points /7 Keep prtising Let s review Good jo! Brillint!

31 2 unit The Arts nd Their Influene Reding nd Understnding newspper rtile ook summries mgzine rtiles ook extrt Listening nd Understnding n interview reports onverstion Speking disuss different types of literture n interview tlk out preferenes find out informtion Writing text messge write out soil networking influenes in the rts nd ulture 30 Living in Hrmony Vluing nd disussing the diversity of ulturl expressions nd the vlue of lol rtists. Unit 2

32 Lesson 1 Musi is Here to Sty Pre-Listening 1 Here is list of some musil genres. Cn you think of some others? hip-hop oper indie rok lssil reggeton folk lues pop ht Listen nd put next to the musi you her. v studio lums hd the lterntive rok nd, Los Bunkers, relesed in 2012? eight six three vi re the memers of Clle 13 relted to eh other? ousins hlf rothers step rothers vii fther ws fmous olero singer? Jorge Drexler Amerio Kevin Johnsen viii femle rtist hs reputtion for writing songs out her ex oyfriends? Adele Shkir Tylor Swift ix did DJ Mendez strt his reer? Germny Sweden Argentin 2 Complete the quiz questions using the question words elow. i did Los Prisioneros rek up? They went roke. One memer died. Jorge González went solo. ii is the rel first nme of Dddy Ynkee? Rirdo Ronldo Rmon iii Vítor Jr How How mny Where Wht Whih Why Who Whose When Vítor Aost wrote the song L Joy del Pifio? Luho Brrios iv ws the legendry psyhedeli nd, Aquturi, formed? Listen nd hek your nswer to the quiz. Post Listening 4 In groups of 3 or 4, nswer the questions. d In pirs, disuss nd nswer the questions. While Listening Wht musi / song / lum do you like listening to... when you re hppy? when you re sd? when you re t prty? when you re in r? Wht does musi mke you feel? Wht would you do if there ws no muis? Whih ws the lst song you herd or downloded? 31

33 Pre-Reding 5 Mth the musi festivl to the type of musi. Lollplooz i Ltin Amerin Cremfields ii indie Primver Fun iii pop d Crush Power Musi iv eletroni The wonderful of 6 In pirs, nswer the questions. Look t the photos. Wht n you see? Look t the title. Is WOMAD rel word or n invented one? Wht do you think it stnds for? Wht do you predit the text is out? While Reding 7 Answer the questions using your own words. WOMAD stnds for World of Musi, Arts nd Dne. The ojetive of WOMAD is to ring together nd elerte different forms of musi, rt nd dne from ountries nd ultures ll over the world. Peter Griel hd the inspirtion for WOMAD in 1980 nd the first festivl, took ple in Sine then, WOMAD festivls hve een held in mny ountries nd thousnds of people hve dned to musi from Algeri to Zimwe. Wht s the im of WOMAD? Wht n you do t WOMAD prt from listening to musi? Why is WOMAD importnt for Cáeres? 8 Red the text gin. Choose the orret option. Only ONE nswer is possile. WOMAD ws originlly the ide of i thetre group from Algeri. ii musil group from Zimwe. iii one mn. iv dne group. At WOMAD i people spek n interntionl lnguge. ii people spek mny different lnguges. iii people lern new lnguges like Wolof. iv people don t understnd one nother. The festivls re lwys wonderful, unique osions tht introdue lots of tlented rtists to interntionl spettors. They lso offer mny different udienes the opportunity to experiene other ultures through musi. At these festivls, musi is the universl lnguge. The events enourge people from different ples to get on with one nother nd, s result, help overome the more negtive spets of our world, like rism or xenophoi. 32 Unit 2

34 WOMAD festivls usully lst for weekend nd re tive nd diverse musil events, feturing simultneous live performnes on two or more stges. They lso inlude prtiiptory workshops, s well s musi nd dne sessions hosted y mny of the visiting rtists. Visitors to the festivl n try on trditionl lothes from different ountries, try out some new dne steps nd even ply hndmde instruments like the kor nd djeme from Senegl. Some WOMAD festivls feture Tste the World tent. Here visitors n ttend ookery sessions nd wth rtists prepre trditionl dishes from their ountries. WOMAD hs something for everyody, nd hildren re not forgotten with workshops nd tivities provided speilly for them. There re WOMAD festivls ll round the world nd WOMAD hs een held in Spin t different lotions inluding Ls Plms de Grn Cnri nd Cáeres. The omintion of WOMAD, with its fous on multiulturl exhnge nd ommunition ross ultures, nd the histori setting of Cáeres hs een very suessful. WOMAD in Cáeres hs eome one of the most exiting festivls in Spin. And thnks to WOMAD, the ity hs een wrded severl prizes for its promotion of interntionl solidrity nd tolerne. Perhps the ssoition with WOMAD will even help Cáeres in its id to e nmed the 2016 Europen City of Culture. Tken from Fidlgo, A., Fntinillo, A. & Myorg, I. (2010). In Ger 1. Oxford: Rihmond Pulishing. Pp d WOMAD festivls usully lst for... i fortnight. ii one week. iii night. iv two to three dys. Groups sing nd dne... i on severl stges t the sme time. ii only on one stge t time. iii in tents nd rvns. Post Reding iv in different ities t the sme time. 9 Write n rtile out festivl you know out or hve een to. You n use the rtile out The wonderful world of WOMAD s guide. Use the spider mp tu orgnize your ides. Detil Min Ide Min Ide Detil Festivl Detil Min Ide Min Ide Detil Pronunition 10 Listen to the rdio reporter sking musiin for informtion. Py ttention to the intontion of the questions. Write the questions you her. Listen gin nd hek. d Prtie the questions with your prtner. Fous on your intontion. s STEP IT up! In groups of four, invent or reserh out musil festivls. Inlude: Its ojetive The nme of the festivl Artists How mny dys Lotion Shre with the lss. 33

35 Prtie 11 Order the words to form questions. e.g., you / studying / re / musi / Why /? Why re you studying musi? WOMAD / is / Where / held /? t / Wht / WOMAD / hppens / festivl / /? Do / perform / the / nds / live /? d go / with / you / How often / to / onerts / do / your / friends /? e of / fond / Are / you / jzz /? f is / tehing / to / Who / ply / the / you / guitr /? 12 Complete the questions sed on the nswers. e.g., Do you enjoy going to onerts? Yes, I love onerts nd festivls.... is your fvourite festivl? It s the lrgest festivl in Chile.... is it? It s in Viñ del Mr.... is Viñ from here? It s out.. kms. d... is the festivl? It s lwys in Ferury. e... ws the most fmous rtist in 2013? I think Miguel Bosé. f... rtists tke prt? Mny, euse there re different genres. Speking ommons.wikimedi.org 13 Interview fmous musil group. Self Evlution In groups of 3 or 4, tke turns plying the role of interviewers nd then memers of musil group. The interviewer sks the questions, use the questions you hve prtised in the pronunition tivity to prepre the interview. The memers of musil group n nswer with rel or invented informtion. Some strtegies to review si grmmr onepts re Some key phrses deling with musi re 34 Unit 2

36 Lesson 2 Urn Art Pre-Listening 1 Do you reognize the murl in the piture? Where is it loted? With your prtner, disuss the different types of street rt. Wht do you think the rtists motivtions re? Interview: Inti Cstro s Grffiti Legy in Chile s Port City A onverstion with Chile s most populr street rtist, Inti Cstro. If you were to see Inti Cstro on the street in Vlpriso, you would think he ws just n verge Chilen guy. He dresses sully, hs dredloks, nd enjoys visiting with people in the neighourhood of his hometown. However, Inti is, in ft, well-known street rtist who never hd ny intention of eoming fmous, nor even n rtist when he first egn doing grffiti. INTRODUCTION: Responsile for mny eutiful works of rt pinted on sky-high uildings round the world, Inti often inludes imges of lowns, politil slnts, nd symols of religious idols in his works. The enormous murl in the ity of Vlpriso fetures two of Inti s populr trdemrks: n open-mouthed hrter with lownlike fe, nd three ullets on nekle hung round its nek. The legs nd feet of the figure spn ross three seprte uildings, with the upper hlf of the ody disonneted from the rest. There re lso mny signs of the indigenous Ltin Amerin ulture in the rightly-oloured murl, long with symols tht re importnt to Inti. It tells the story of how his ountry ontinues to struggle with poverty. Adpted from: Roerts, L. (2013). Interview: Inti Cstro s grffiti legy in Chile s port ity. The Sntigo Times. Retrieved Otoer 25, 2013, from interview-inti-stros-grffiti-legy-in-hiles-port-ity/ 2 Red the introdution nd irle the orret nswer. Why do you think Inti works s grffiti rtist? He wnts to feel importnt. He wnts to help the Chilen soiety. He is inspired y indigenous ulture. 4 Look t the piture of the grffiti. Using your words, explin wht you think the rtist tried to reflet. Wht omment do you think the imges re mking out soiety? While Listening 3 Listen to n interview with Inti Cstro nd tke notes on his ides relted to the following topis. His first experiments with grffiti originl grffiti rtist ommons.wikimedi.org Politil nd soil ommentry Chile vs. Europe Chnges in street rt 35

37 Post Listening 5 In pirs, disuss how grffiti n help ommunity understnd its identity. ommons.wikimedi.org How does street rt give voie to people who feel silened in other res of their lives? Look t the two pitures. How re the styles different? Wht do you think motivted eh rtist to rete the piee? Voulry 6 The hyphen (-) symol is often used to form ompound words. Identify the hyphented djetives from the text nd omplete the gps elow. 7 Write text messge to your friend. Tell him/her out some grffiti or interesting rt you ve seen reently nd wht you were doing when you sw it. Write out 80 words. e.g., well-known rtists d - uildings - hrter - fe - murls Pronunition 8 The word stress in multiple-word djetives or ompound words is usully pled within the seond word nd the intontion goes from high to low. e.g., well-known. Listen to the words nd repet. Underline the stress. well-known rightly-oloured open-mouthed sky-high good-looking old-fshioned up-to-dte Now listen gin nd repet with the noun. well-known rtist / rightly-oloured murl / n open-mouthed lown / sky-high uilding / good-looking oy / n old-fshioned ldy / n up-to-dte CV 36 Unit 2

38 Speking Hve you ever een to the thetre or llet? Wht rt forms do you prefer? ommons.wikimedi.org 9 Look t the pitures. Wht tivities do you see? In pirs, tlk out the tivities you like nd don t like doing. 10 Tlk out other tivities in your life. A projet you strted doing The musi you enjoy dning to Food you like eting A ook you loved reding A film you hted wthing A ply you re thinking of seeing Something you hven t finished doing An tivity you spend time doing A ountry you re interested in visiting e.g.,wht musi do you enjoy listening to? I love listening to Chilen rok nd I relly hte oper. SPEAK OUT! Use these expressions to tlk out your likes nd dislikes. I love listening to musi. I relly hte wthing romnti omedies. I don t enjoy wlking the dog. I n t stnd mking my ed. Wht do you like doing on Sundys? I like plying video gmes very muh. Wht out you? Prtie 11 Complete the sentenes with your personl informtion using the words in the ox. d e listen et think ply red work I love I hte I enjoy I like I don t like Self Evlution Some phrses I n use to express my preferene out rt re To identify new voulry nd its mening, I 37

39 Lesson 3 Wht s in Story? Pre-Reding 1 Complete the story quiz. Lewis Crroll ws i singer. ii writer. iii footller. 2 Red the ook extrt. In pirs, disuss: He is fmous for story lled Alie in i Wonderworld. ii Wonderlnd. iii Wonderful. Wht do you think Alie thinks out ooks? Wht do you think mkes ooks interesting for Alie? Do you gree or disgree with Alie? Why? Alie ws eginning to get very tired of sitting y her sister on the nk nd of hving nothing to do: one or twie she hd peeped into the ook her sister ws reding, ut it hd no pitures or onverstions in it, wht is the use of ook, thought Alie, without pitures or onverstions? While Reding Tken from Crrol, L. (1948). Alie s Adventures in Wonderlnd. Boston: Interntionl Poket Lirry Skim the text to hek your nswers from question 1. Alie s Journey through Time Nerly one hundred nd fifty yers go people were reding Alie in Wonderlnd, y Lewis Crroll. It tells the story of girl lled Alie who flls down rit hole into fntsy world tht is populted y strnge nd mgil retures. When Alie in Wonderlnd ws first pulished in 1865 it ws n instnt suess, nd even Queen Vitori eme fn. Sine then, over one hundred editions of the ook hve een pulished nd it hs sold hundreds of millions of opies in ountless lnguges. But the suess of Alie in Wonderlnd ws not just limited to ooks. Wlt Disney reted omi of the story in the1950s nd lter mde n nimted film. The story lso eme TV series nd ws mde into numerous films round the world. The most reent film dpttion ws in Johnny Depp strred in Tim Burton s film version, whih used omintion of live tion nd 3D nimtion. The film ws extremely suessful with ritis nd with the puli. However, the story of Alie in Wonderlnd doesn t stop there. Throughout its life new medi hve tken the story nd presented it in different wys. Originlly ook, Alie in Wonderlnd hs ppered in the thetre, in omis, rtoons, films nd in 3D. The ltest nd perhps most revolutionry innovtion is the eletroni ook Alie for the ipd. In this version, when they touh or shke their ipd, reders n mke Alie grow or shrink, throw drts t the Queen, mke the Md Htter even mdder or swing the rit s poket wth. Reding good story hs never een so muh fun! Tken from Downie, M., Gry, D., Jiménez, J.M. (2011). Trget B1. Oxford: Rihmond Pulishing Unit 2

40 4 Red the text gin nd nswer the questions. When did Alie in Wonderlnd eome suessful? Cn you uy the ook in other lnguges? How mny? Ws the most reent film dpttion n nimted film? d Wht role does tehnology ply in the newest ook dpttion? Post Reding 5 In your noteook, Write prgrph giving your opinion on the following questions: Are ooks without pitures or onverstions oring? Do pitures lwys mke ooks etter or is it more fun to imgine your version? Inlude the expressions like, hte, enjoy nd love in your prgrph. 6 Clssify the prts of speeh of these words from the text. Do you know their menings? If not, use ditionry to find the definitions. ountless strred shrink drts swing Pre-Listening 7 Disuss these questions with prtner. Hve you ever red Alie in Wonderlnd or seen the film? If you hve, wht did you think of it? Would you prefer to red the ook or wth the film? Do you think it is importnt to red ook efore seeing the movie version? Is one more importnt thn the other? s STEP IT up! Mke list of other ook/film genres (omedy, thriller, et) tht you like. Shre your lists in groups of 5 nd deide whih genre is the fvourite. Is it the sme for the whole lss? While Listening 8 Do you prefer reding ooks or wthing films? Listen to the onverstion etween Roerto nd Moni nd put it in the orret order. Moni: Wht do you prefer to red: omis or ooks? Roerto: Tht s true. Books re longer, often too long. Moni: Yes, ut it s not relly wste of time. You just hve to hope the next ook you red is etter! d Roerto: Mye you re right, ut I still prefer omis. e Moni: Why? Some people sy tht omis re for lzy people. f Roerto: Yeh, ut sometimes the ending of ook is relly disppointing. I hte tht. You feel like you ve wsted lot of time... g Moni: I don t mind long ook if it s good. When you get to the end of good ook you feel you would like it to go on... h Roerto: I m not lzy! Sometimes ooks re omplited nd hve too mny hrters. Comis re esier to understnd. i Moni: They re lso shorter thn ooks! j Roerto: Oh omis, definitely! 39

41 Post Listening 9 Choose the orret djetive in eh question. Wht s the most exiting / exited ook you ve ever red or film you ve seen? Wht types of ooks or films re you interesting / interested in? Hve you ever een disppointing / disppointed y the ending of ook or film? d e Do you lwys finish ook or film even if it s depressing / depressed? If you feel oring / ored t home, do you pik up ook or do you turn on the TV? Voulry 10 Mth the underlined djetives to wht they desrie. i ii Speking I ws frightened y the monster. Horror films re frightening. How someone is feeling. The effet someone or something hs on other people. 11 In pirs, disuss the sttements elow. Chek ( ) the sttements you gree with nd ross (x) the ones you don t gree with. Defend your opinion to your prtner. d e f Films re more entertining thn ooks. Books re heper thn DVDs. Romnti novels re less interesting thn dventure stories. The Twilight ooks/films re s good s Hrry Potter. The most exiting film I ve ever seen is The Hunger Gmes. The longest ook I ve red is Don Quijote of L Mnh. 12 Use the onverstion in tivity 8 s model. Crete similr dilogue with prtner. Use your own experienes s inspirtion nd rete omplete onverstion. Then role-ply it. e.g., A: Hve you seen the new Trntino movie? B: No, his movies re too violent, I prefer romnti omedies. A: Relly? I hve lwys thought tht violent movies re more entertining. B: I like to wth movies tht re more emotionl nd omforting. Pre-Reding 13 Look t the pitures on pge 41. Do you reognize ny of them? Wht ook or film re they from? Cn you guess wht they re out if you don t know them? Hve you red the ooks or seen the film? Wht genre re they? Courtesy of Cineolor Films 40 Unit 2

42 While Reding 14 Red the summries. Bsed on the following phrses, mke guess out wht hppens in the ook. His invesitgtion leds him to thetre group with very surprising finl t....the Count hs terrile nd loody seret....the Dshwood sisters hve very different ides on love nd mrrige. A Trip to the Strs It is the yer A speship hs mysteriously disppered. Your speship is sent to investigte. During your journey through the glxy you will lern lot of interesting things nd meet some interesting liens. Cn you find your wy k to Erth gin? In this fun nd exiting puzzle ook you prtiipte in the story nd you mke the deisions. Cn you unover the mystery? Cold Feet The ity of Ros is prepring for presidentil visit when the ody of young mn is found ner the Amerin onsulte. He is very well dressed, ut there is something missing. Why isn t he wering ny shoes? It is Rymer s jo to disover the mn s identity. His investigtion leds him to thetre group with very surprising finl t. Drul Jonthn Hrker trvels to Trnsylvni to visit his lient, Count Drul. While there, he disovers tht the Count hs terrile nd loody seret. When Drul moves to Englnd, Jonthn s friends nd fmily re in dnger of eoming his vitims. Cn they destroy the evil Count efore he wins ontrol of their lives? They egin desperte hse ross Europe in their mission to end the vmpire s reign. ommons.wikimedi.org Post Reding Sense nd Sensiility This is the story of two sisters: one with good sense nd the other with romnti sensiility. Together with their mother they must mke life for themselves fter the deth of their fther. They re oliged to leve their home nd hve very little money to live on. Mrrige offers the est prospet of seurity, ut the Dshwood sisters hve very different ides on love nd mrrige. Adpted from Rosemry Jkson (1981). Fntsy: The Literture of Suversion. London: Methuen Pulishing. 15 In pirs, disuss these questions. Explin your nswers. Whih of these ooks would you like to red in shool? Why? Whih ook does not interest you? Why not? Self Evlution The desription words tht I find most useful re If I don t understnd ook in English, I n 41

43 Lesson 4 Soil Networking Aross Cultures Speking Voulry 1 Disuss these questions in group. How muh do you lredy know? d e Wht re two exmples of soil networking? Whih re your fvourites? Why? Before soil networks, do you know wht other forms of ommunition people used the most? Cn you nme t lest two dvntges of Twitter nd Feook in our ulture? Cn you think of ny disdvntges? 2 Use ditionry or the Internet to look up the words nd phrses elow. serh site post tg virl risks snoop mo mentlity With prtner, identify how the definitions of the words re pplied to soil networks nd digitl medi. Write 2 sentenes for eh word or phrse, using oth the stndrd definition nd the wy the words re used on the Internet. e.g., I hd to serh ll over my house to find my keys. I serhed the nme of my fvorite singer nd I found lot of wesites. Writing 3 Write prgrph out your genertion s reltionship with soil medi. Think out how soil intertions re hnging. Do you think the hnges re positive? Use ll of the words nd onepts elow in your prgrph. mliiousness onds other ultures reltionships workple 42 Unit 2

44 Pre-Listening 4 In pirs, disuss how soil networking influenes nd helps teengers express themselves. Predit the words you think you will her nd put. internet to tlk out life literture log twitter emotions instnt messging disply photos pstimes prents virl e more reful upset Feook 5 Listen to teenger tlking out soil networking nd the words you her. How mny were right? While Listening 6 Listen refully gin nd omplete these sentenes with the words you her. It s ple to, to tlk out life. Blogs re lso n idel ple to songs ut mny prents re nd worried. d nd re them to e more reful. e She does not on them! Post Listening 7 Do survey of your lssmtes. Find people who use soil medi in eh of the wys desried elow. Then, present your results to the lss in grph nd explin. Give your opinion out it. Who in your lss......hs his or her own log?...disovers new musi exlusively on the Internet?...is utious out posting too muh personl informtion?...is friends with prent on soil network?...snoops on siling or reltive? 43

45 8 Red the poem. Wht is it out? I hve too mny things hppening this yer. Too muh homework nd lot of prolems with my peers. When I surf on the net my prolems dispper. I n get lost, time flies, my mind eomes ler. I n listen to mny songs nd red lot of ooks. I n even lern mny reipes euse I love to ook. My prents sy I spend too muh time htting with my friend Brook But I told them to try it nd they ll get hooked. Speking 9 Work in pirs. Ask nd nswer the questions. d e Writing Wht s more importnt in your life: the internet, TV, musi, literture or phone onverstions? Why? How muh time do you spend on eh every week? Do you keep diry? Why or why not? Do you tell your online friends ll of your prolems? Why or why not? How n living your life online eome unhelthy? In pirs, disuss the poem. Do you identify with the speker? Explin why or why not. Notie the quntifier words tht go efore eh word in old. Why do we use mny in some ses nd muh in others? Go to the Grmmr Referene on pge 181 to hek. Explin the rule to prtner. 10 Write prgrph out ulturl movement you hve lerned out on the Internet. Use the digrm to help you pln. Some ides re: A new style of musi A fshion trend A genre of film An rtisti movement A soil prtie living in hrmony Soil medi mkes everything esier, inluding misinterprettion. We should lwys e reful of how muh we shre on the Internet s well s wre of who extly n see our speifi posts. Alwys onsider your udiene online so you n void misunderstndings nd, most importntly, rememer tht ehind every post nd like is living, rething person with feelings nd opinions just like you, nd they deserve to e vlued nd respeted. Where did it strt? Sujet Where did you her out it Why is it innovtive? Self Evlution Prediting ides nd voulry helps me Mny new words relted to Internet re similr in Spnish nd English, so I n 44 Unit 2

46 Review 2 unit 1 Look t the hrt elow. Mke sentenes ompring Johnn nd Pedro Nme Pedro Johnn 3 Mke the sentenes true for you. When I ws 5 yers old, I spent my fternoons Age In elementry shool I ws very good t Height 1.68 m 1.65 m Lnguges Ple they live Ntive Spnish Conepión Ntive English nd little it of Spnish Sntigo Eyes Blk Hzel I hte d is one of my fvourite weekend tivities. e Is something I wnt to do in the future. 4 Mth the olumns to form ompound djetives. 2 Complete the sentenes elow using your own ides. d e f g oldesyrndwellprtshortgood- i going ii time iii fshioned iv sleeved v ehved vi new vii looking Why? Wht? When? d Where? e How muh? f How mny? 5 Write desription of your est friend. Use s mny phrses s possile from ove. 45

47 2 unit Worksheets 1 Finish the following sentenes with n pproprite word or phrse. d e f g My little rother keeps on! I relly enjoy. She loves. to different ples during summer holidys is wht I enjoy the most. Stop like tht! You will wke up the y. She likes strting projets ut she rrely likes. is wht writer does for living. 2 Complete the sentene with your own ides. d e f I think the pinting is Grffiti is It s importnt to red In my ity My ulture The most interesting 3 Crete sentenes sed on the words in the ox. interesting omfortle tll wrm diffiult esy d e North / South of Chile English / Chinese Building / my ity Mths / Biology Life / in the pst 4 Complete the onept mp with ides out rt from the unit. Present nd explin your mind mp to the lss. Comes in mny forms, like... Helps people y... Reflets... ART Is importnt euse... Is found... 5 Complete the prgrph with ut, nd, or so. My sister is musil prodigy, () she only listens to Top 40 rdio. Tht type of musi is repetitive () simple, not like the type of musi she plys on her violin. She sys tht she lwys plys lssil musi, () when she is relxing she wnts something simple. This mkes sense, (d) I will never understnd how someone who n ply suh omplited, (e) lso sutle rhythyms would wnt to listen to generi pop musi. She sys I m judgementl (f) smll-minded, (g) I try not to mke fun of her. Mye I should rememer tht rt (h) expression re different for every person, (i) there is no wy to judge someone else s tstes. 46 Unit 2

48 2 unit Worksheets 6 Complete the following dilogue, then role-ply it with your prtner. Think out tivities you like doing nd ples you like going to. Frnis: I to lst night. Sestin: Wht Frnis: I Sestin: Relly? Frnis: It. I suggest you Sestin: You know, I never ut I prefer nd my fvourite euse Frnis: Well, ut 8 Find nd orret the error in the sentene. Every dy Loreto went to work y us. Yesterdy, she gets up up erly nd deided to go y r. Lst week, Mr. Gonzlez ought new flt ner his offie. Every dy, he rrives t the offie t 9 o lok. He usully hs lunh there too, ut yesterdy he goes to the resturnt ross the street. Mry likes going to the inem very muh. Lst weekend, she invited her friend Nin to go nd wth Violet Se Fue Los Cielos. They rrive t the inem round 8:30 nd the film strts t 8:45. d One week, John plyed tennis. But lst week, he stys t home nd he plyed PlySttion 2 with his son. 7 Clssify the following nouns under the orret question phrse. Write 2 questions one you re finished. students rtists wter offee exms mrks time ooks money homework 9 Look through Unit 2 nd find t lest 5 words or phrses relted to: ART MUSIC LITERATURE How muh? How mny? d d d e e e d d e e 47

49 Projet 2 unit Express Yourself with Grffiti 1 Look t the following grffiti mde in Sntigo. 2 Think out the motivtion of the rtists. Is it the sme in eh piee? Does the neighorhood hnge the ontext? SPEAK OUT! We use these expressions to tlk out rt: It s interesting! It s very olourful! The olours re rther dull. The messge is not ler to me. I wonder wht it mens? 3 Group Work Form groups of 3 or 4 students. Prepre presenttion of no more thn 5 minutes out piee of rt tht represents your group. Before you strt working: define with the rest of the lss wht riteri you will use to evlute your presenttion nd the piee of rt you reted or hose. d Your presenttion must inlude 100-word summry inluding: drwing or imge tht represents your group s ides. title for your drwing. three or four ides tht desrie your drwing or imge using omprisons. nme of ple where you would post/pint your drwing. how your drwing reflets your feelings nd experienes. 4 While the other groups re presenting you must use the greed riteri to evlute them. When everyone hs presented, it s your hne to vote for the most retive nd ttrtive drwing ording to your evlution. Good luk! 48 Unit 2 9 3

50 My Progress 2 unit Listening 1 Listen to Sen Beville, British ESL teher, tlking out literture. Put the ides in the orret order. d e Reding He sys tht literture edutes you, mkes you hppy, mkes you sd nd inspires you. Literture is one thing tht mkes him very hppy. When he ws smll he liked ooks of ll kinds. Aording to him literture helps us understnd other ultures. He sys tht literture n hnge your life. points /5 Writing 2 Write questions using the following question words. How long: How mny: Whih: d Why: e Whose: points /5 3 Anmrí Merino Tijoux ws orn in Frne in Her prents were Chilen exiles living in the ity of Lille. She returned to Chile in 1993 nd dove hed-first into the hip hop musi sene in the pitl. In 1997, she eme well-known through her ollortions on Los Tets first lum. Sine then, she hs relesed 4 solo lums nd hs plyed onerts ll over the world. Her rtisti point of view is unique; she speks two lnguges nd grew up in ulture fr-removed from her own. Her prents experiene s exiles informs her soilly onsious lyris s well s her hllenge to find where she elongs. The serh for identity is ommon theme in hip hop, whih is trditionlly the musi of the voieless, nd Tijoux hs indeed found her ple, eing nmed the est New Femle Emee Roking Mis Everywhere y MTV in A young mother with n interntionl, soil perspetive, Tijoux is the perfet exmple of the 21st entury youth tht is pushing the world in new nd retive diretions. Finish the ides out Anmrí Merino Tijoux. Use omplete sentenes. Anmrí Merino Tijoux is She is influened y Her eginnings d She ws reognised y MTV for e She represents Keep prtising Let s review Good jo! Brillint! points /10 49

51 3 unit Wht s On? Reding nd Understnding summries mgzine rtile stories n dvertisement Listening nd Understnding onverstions stories report Speking give your opinion nd enourge others retell story summrize informtion Writing desrie produt story forml letter Living in Hrmony Lerning to reflet on wht we see nd red efore we deide it is true or flse. 50 Unit 3

52 Lesson 1 Are Relity Shows Rel? Pre-Reding In pirs disuss the following questions. Wht ws the first relity show you wthed? Wht relity show is the most populr of ll time in Chile? Wht do you think of it? Listed elow re few key words for tlking out relity shows. One word in eh group does not elong. Whih one? Explin why. e.g., Memer doesn t elong euse it mens only one person, while oth tem nd trie re groups of people. memer, tem, trie ontestnt, prtiipnt, n udiene tsk, rnge, hore d elliminte, vote off, join e divide, perform, showse While Reding Red the eginning of the rtile. Wht re the min hrteristis of relity shows? Cn you think of ny more hrteristis? TOP REALITY TV SHOWS OF ALL TIME Relity TV is tegory of television progrmming whih supports unsripted ontent nd true events. This genre overs wide rnge of formts sed on ompetitions, gme shows, tlent showsing et. In the erly 2000 s relity shows gined lot of populrity with TV udienes when prodution ompnies strted introduing new progrmmes. 4 Form groups of three (student A, B nd C). Eh of you is going to red out 3 different relity shows. Tke notes nd nswer: Wht is the ojetive of the show? How re prtiipnts eliminted? Student A Contestnts re tken to n unknown lotion, usully n isolted islnd, nd divided into tries. They re mde to ompete with eh other individully or in tries for money nd elimintion. The show follows system of suessive elimintions where ontestnts eliminte other memers of the show until one remins who is titled the winner. As singing ompetition, it hs elements of mss uditioning nd judging pnel in serh of new str. The ontestnts re seleted during the uditions nd showse their musil tlent long the show s durtion. The min element is the udiene who deides whih ontestnt n ontinue further nd finlly win. A group of people live together in house for period of three months where they re onstntly filmed. The ontestnts nnot hve ontt with the outside world nd do household hores long with the tsks ssigned y Big Brother, n mplified voie. A ontestnt is eliminted every week y the others until only one remins. 51

53 Student A sports dre relity show where ontestnts ompete ginst eh other in rnge of tivities for grnd prize. The show pirs professionl dners with elerities nd eh pir hs to ompete y performing different dne styles every week. The pir with the lowest sore given y the judges nd udiene vote is eliminted on weekly sis. Tems of two people re round the world to ompete with other people. The tems trvel to multiple ountries in vrious modes of trnsporttion where they perform tsks nd hllenges relted to the ulture of the ountry. Tems re eliminted progressively until three re left. The tem tht rrives first in the grnd finle wins the prize. Student The show is hosted y Ber Grylls who is left lone in region. The formt follows his effort to use his survivl skills to find his wy k to iviliztion. Ber Grylls tlks out survivl strtegies in prtiulr region nd shows the viewers the est wy to mke use of the surrounding resoures. There re mny versions of the formt of this ompetitive ooking show: the min series, ut others involve elerities, professionls or kids. This show lso follows formt of progressive elimintion where ontestnt is eliminted eh week y judging pnel. A fshion sed relity show where ontestnts ompete in modeling ompetition where the winner reeives ontrt with mjor modelling genies long with over shoots nd fshion spreds in mgzines. Adpted from Devolld, T. (2011). Relity TV: An Insider s Guide to TV s Hottest Mrket. Los Angeles: Mihel Wiese Produtions. ommons.wikimedi.org Post Reding 5 Using your notes, shre the informtion with your group. Now try to guess the nme of eh show. Hve you seen ny of these? Wht re the negtive or positive spets of this kind of progrmme? Why do you think people follow these progrms? CHECK THIS OUT! The numer one relity show is... The Rel World: One of the longest running MTV shows, it is redited with lunhing the modern relity TV genre. It dels with sujets relevnt to its min udiene: young dults. Issues like prejudie, sexulity, AIDS, nd sustne use re overed on the show. 6 Look t the two sentenes. Prtie sying them while stressing different words. How does the mening hnge when the desription words re emphsised? Those people re very tlented. Those people re ridiulous. Pronunition 52 Unit 3

54 Lnguge in Use The ontestnts re voted off. The ontestnts re tken to n unknown lotion. We use the pssive voie when we wnt to give greter importne to the tion nd its ojet thn to the gent who performs the tion. Prtie 7 Choose the est option in eh sentene. Everyone on the tem mde / ws mde to et insets. Their ostumes designed / re designed y fmous designers. ommons.wikimedi.org The udiene prtiipted / ws prtiipted in the tivity. d One tem memer elimintes / is eliminted t the end of every show. e The show filmed / ws filmed ner Ovlle. Speking 8 Don t tell your prtners the title of the show. Use the digrm elow to give omplete desription Cn they guess whih show it is? Wht... Who... hnnel is it on? is the formt? is the host? is the udiene? Is... the show populr? there winner? the show still on the ir? 53

55 Pre-Listening While Listening 9 Disuss the following: Wht is your generl opinion out relity shows? Wht Chilen relity shows do you like/ dislike? Why? Before you listen, mth the following phrses or words to their synonyms. You my use ditionry. This will help you understnd the reording: get tthed resoures despise lk hrm deserves purpose hte hurt feel empthy ojetive possiility don t hve merits Listen to two people tlk out relity shows. Whih speker: elieves tht some shows n e dmging to soiety? feels tht shows where the ontestnts hve purpose re interesting? Post Listening Write 3 resons why your you like/dislike Chilen Relity show using 5 words from Ativity 10. Writing ommons.wikimedi.org 12 Imgine tht your est friend is relity television ddit. Write him or her letter explining the dngers of spending one s life wthing relity insted of living it. Use the voulry from tivity 10 to support your rguments. Self Evlution To lote speifi informtion in long texts, I n My strtegy for rememering to put stress on the orret words is 54 Unit 3

56 Lesson 2 Mking Chnges Pre-Listening 1 Look t the imge. Wht is the nme of the progrmme? Disuss the questions elow s lss. How is the fmily stire? Wht types of vlues does the show ritique? Do you think the soil ritiism of the US pplies to Chile, too? In wht wys? Are the hrters stereotypes? Explin why. If you were writing similr show, wht stereotypes would you ritique in Chilen soiety? Courtesy of Cnl 13 2 Mth the words with their menings. mllet spie rk to snek up Dvid the press spies to hnge mind powders with strong tste or smell to use in ooking to hnge opinion out something ple to keep spies tht re used in the kithen to go lose to someone quietly so they don t see you ig hmmer mde of wood fmous sulpture y Mihelngelo the people who work in the medi (tv, newspper, mgzine,et.) While Listening 13 Listen to n episode where Mrge lmes TV show for her dughter Mggie eing violent. In pirs, disuss: Wht hppened to the rtoon progrmme fter Mrge strted movement ginst it? Wht n you infer out Mrge s opinion of the sulpture Dvid? Do you think her tions were orret? 4 Look t the pitures nd listen to the sript gin. Put the pitures in hronologil order. Listen to the phrses to hek your nswers. A d e f ommons.wikimedi.org 55

57 Post Listening 5 6 Work with prtner. Retell the story of Ithy, Srthy, nd Mrge using the pitures from tivity 4. e.g., Mrge ws ooking soup in the kithen. A Look t the imges elow. Put them in order nd tell your story B 7 Mrk the stress in the sentenes. Prtie them with prtner. Wht hppens to the ver to e in these sentenes? e.g., Mrge ws ooking soup. Pronunition He ws working in his workshop. They were doing oring things. The fmily weren t wthing the progrmme. He wsn t looking. The movement ws protesting other things. C i ii iii iv Now ompre your story with your prtner. Is it the sme? D 8 CHECK THIS OUT! Did you know tht The Simpsons hs een on TV for twenty yers? In Septemer 2013, it egn its 25th seson! The Simpsons hs won wrds suh s Emmy wrds nd even Environmentl Medi wrds. Cn you think of ny other series in Chile or Ltin Ameri tht hve een suessful? Complete these sentenes so tht they mke sense. d I ws studying ll night so... We were tlking out the test when... They were plying footll when suddenly... Arturo fell nd... while he ws Unit 3

58 Voulry 9 Complete the emil with the words in the ox. I m writing / Yours fithfully, / Der Sir, / I look forwrd to hering from you / We would like Shool Uniform (), () euse my lssmtes nd I do not like the poliy out shoes nd the shool uniform. Triners re prohiited nd we hve to wer the uniform lk shoes insted, whih re ugly, unomfortle, nd even unsfe. The other dy, I ws wlking to shool in the unomfortle uniform shoes when I fell nd hurt my knee euse the shoes were so slippery. These shoes re dngerous! () the poliy to e mended so tht triners n e permitted nd the uniform shoes n e optionl. I relly think this is the est solution for everyone. (d). (e), Crolin Mri Vlenzuel Goméz Writing 10 Write n emil to n uthority out something you would like to hnge. Choose from one of the following issues. Use the voulry from tivity 9 to mke your emil forml. unfir poliy (For exmple, no musi in the lssroom) roken toilet/window, et. immorl ontent on the Internet or TV politil issue Self Evlution While listening, I n reognize the min points y To tlk out TV shows, some key phrses I n use re 57

59 Lesson 3 Advertising Pre-Reding 1 Wht do you lredy know out dvertising? Answer the questions. Wht kinds of produts re dvertised to hildren nd young people? Where re they dvertised? On TV, on the rdio, in mgzines, et.? Wht do you think out dvertising on TV? d Is dvertising llowed in your shool? While Reding Advertising in shools Red the text quikly. Wht produts re dvertised in shools? Red the text gin nd nswer the questions using your own words. Where n tehers otin ommerilly produed tehing mterils? Give two exmples of inurte informtion found in worksheets. Wht do shools gree to do in order to reeive equipment from Chnnel One? d Why re shools ttrtive to ompnies nd dvertisers? Choose the orret option. Only ONE nswer is possile. In Mths lessons, students i lern how to ook pizz. ii disuss helthy nd unhelthy foods. iii ut up pizzs to lern out frtions. Twenty perent of Chnnel One rodsting is dedited to i dvertising. ii the news. iii sports. Tehers nd prents re inresingly worried tht ommerilly produed tehing mterils dvertise produts to hildren during shool hours. These mterils, whih n e downloded from mnufturers wesites or sent diretly to shools, ontin lessons feturing well-known produts nd personlities from television dvertisements. A reent survey y the Children s Food Cmpign found tht urriulum pks produed y food ompnies often ontined mny misleding sttements. Worksheets suggested tht risps were helthier thn pples, ut without mentioning the ft 58 Unit 3

60 nd slt risps ontin, nd limed tht sugry foods were good soure of rohydrtes. Soft drinks, rekfst erels, junk foods, diry produts nd even toys ll fetured hevily in the tivities nd mterils found in tehing pks. For exmple, in Mths lsses, students lernt out frtions y dividing pizzs into portions without disussing whether or not pizz is helthy food. One of the lerest exmples of dvertising in shools is Chnnel One, n Amerin television hnnel. The TV sttion lends shools televisions nd udio-visul equipment nd, in return, shools promise to rodst its twelve-minute dily progrmmes. It sounds like good rrngement for shools, ut reserhers t the Center for Commeril-free Puli Edution point out tht y supplying shools with stellite dishes nd TV sets, Chnnel One n dvertise to over eight million shool students. Wht s more, the ontent of the progrmmes the hnnel produes is open to ritiism too. Investigtors found tht only twenty per ent of the mteril rodst y Chnnel One is dedited to news overge. The rest is devoted to dvertising, sports or the wether. While Chnnel One is plying, tehers nnot hnge the hnnel, turn the sound down or turn the television off. Why would the food nd drinks industry wnt to produe tehing mterils? Why is Chnnel One so ttrtive to dvertisers? The reson is tht shools offer firms fntsti opportunity to reh n udiene of millions of students who re potentil onsumers of their produts. Of ourse, mnufturers nd dvertisers would rgue tht they re not dvertising, ut eduting. However, more nd more tehers nd prents elieve tht shools should teh young people out the power of dvertising rther thn present them with produts to purhse. Adpted from Children s Food Cmpign. (2013). Bn junk food ds to kids under 12: report. Cndin Press. Retrieved Otoer 25, 2013 from http: //www. hildrensfoodmpign.net/ SPEAK OUT! Agreeing or Disgreeing I disgree with you euse... I gree euse... You re solutely right! No wy! I totlly disgree... Post Reding 5 Red the opinions out dvertising. Do you gree or disgree? Why? d Some dverts ontin misleding or inurte informtion. I gree euse... Advertising in shools is good for students if it helps them lern. I would like to wth Chnnel One in my shool. I often uy something euse I hve seen it dvertised on TV. 6 Write your opinions in the two olumns then shre with your lss. Use the expression in the Spek Out ox to help you give resons. Agree CHECK THIS OUT! Disgree Advertising ompnies study your ehviour y trying to mth the ds to your interests while your surf the Internet. It is known s interestsed dvertising nd they ollet this dt y using ookies (stored dt on we rowser). 59

61 7 Whih word is the odd one out? Why? lessons, lsses, worksheets ft, slt, sugry soft drinks, rekfst erels, diry foods d ompnies, firms, onsumers Pre-Listening 10 Are there soft drinks tht re mde in Chile? Whih re they? Whih soft drink do you like the most? Why? Wht slogns do you rememer tht dvertise soft drinks? Whih do you like the est? Why? Prtie 8 9 Look t the exmple sentenes nd underline the word(s) tht indite the tense. e.g., Coke is onsumed y illion people dy. present simple Coke ws first sold in Television dvertising ws eing used throughout the 1960s. Young onsumers ould e trgeted using populr musiins. d The ommeril hs reently een shown on TV. In your noteook, rewrite the sentenes elow in the pssive. e.g., Advertising genies re plnning hundreds of mpigns right now. Hundreds of mpigns re eing plnned right now. Lrge ompnies hire young sports strs like Rfel Ndl. The internet will hnge the future of dvertising. The diretor hs lredy mde the deision. d The rew were filming the new dvert in the prk. e Compnies should not trget very young hildren with unhelthy produts. While Listening 11 Listen to the history of Coke nd irle the orret nswer. Coke ws invented y... i Dotor Juli Pemerton. ii Dotor John Pemerton. iii Dotor John Phrmist. Coke is onsumed y over... i one million people dy. ii one illion people yer. iii one illion people dy. Coke first sponsored TV progrmme... i in ii in iii in d There ws period of politil unertinty... i in the seventies. ii in the 17th entury. iii in the eighties. e A new Coke ws introdued in the... i erly eighties. ii mid-eighties. iii lte eighties. 60 Unit 3

62 Post Listening Pronunition 12 Now it s your turn to desrie produt. Look t the exmple in the ox nd use it s model. Choose produt nd write 5 sentenes out it. Don t write the nme of the produt. Red your desription to your prtner. Cn they guess wht produt it is? It is dvertised ll over the world. This produt n e found in supermrkets, stdiums, shools, offies, et. Some people re ddited to it. It n e drunk from ottle or n. Speking 14 Do you her /s/ or /z/ in the following words? tehers - prents knows dvertise ws is hs - purhse present misleding used rodst - ritiism Listen gin nd put them in the right olumn. /s/ prents /z/ used 13 Does dvertising influene wht you uy? In groups of 4 or 6, hve dete. One side will rgue tht dvertising lwys influenes people nd the other will rgue tht dvertising does not ffet them. Use phrses from the Spek Out ox on pge 59 to support your ides. Follow the struture elow. For Introdution with min points Sy the sentenes loud with the orret pronunition of s. Aginst Introdution with min points d Listen to hek if you got it right. For Speifi rguments with detils Aginst Speifi rguments with detils Whih side ws more onvining? Self Evlution Insted of just sying I gree or I disgree, I n sy If I red the first sentene of eh prgrph in long text, I 61

63 Lesson 4 Luky Pre-Listening 1 Espes Hve you ever een shoked y something? Tell your prtner out it. LEARNING TIP If you need to identify the order of events in story listen for time words or phrses (when, yesterdy, soon fter, efore, next) nd py speil ttention to the ver tenses (pst, present or future) in their different forms. 2 Look t the illustrtions. Wht re the min events of the story? Post Listening 5 Mth the words to the definitions. rsh ld end in the rod liene skid unonsious setelt when vehile stops suddenly nd slides sfety devie in r n ident not wke doument tht gives you the right to drive young mn urve While Listening Pronunition 3 4 Listen nd hoose the orret piture in eh pir. Listen gin nd omplete these sentenes with Mrs Brdy s ides. It ws 7 o lok euse... nd r me... the young ld ws going too fst nd... d Lukily, he... 6 Red the following expressions. With prtner, prtie sying them with nd without enthusism. Identify the words tht re stressed to express enthusism. Wow, tht s inredile! So wht did she do? 62 Unit 3

64 Pre-Listening 7 How n you show interest when you listen? Rememer the pronunition tivity on pge 62. While Listening 11 Work with your prtner nd finish the story the girl strted in tivity 8. Role ply the story with using the expressions from tivity Listen to girl nd oy tlking. How does the oy show interest? Listen gin. Mrk the expressions tht you her. Relly? Wht hppened? Wht, the dngerous one? Wow, tht s inredile! Sreming? Go on. No, wht? Yeh. Oh no! So wht did she do? Wht do you men? Wht story! Post Listening Lnguge in Use Here re some wys to tlk out events in the pst in order. The oy hd just pssed his driving test so he wsn t n experiened driver. I hd seen the movie efore, ut I went with my oyfriend gin. We hd finished our homework when we relized we hd done it ll wrong! Prtie 12 Complete the dilogue. Crlos: Wht () you () (do) yesterdy fter you hd finished work? 10 Look t the expressions in tivity 9. List exmples of the following: Asking for informtion Ehoing Enourging the speker to ontinue Using djetives nd exlmtions Asking for lrifition e.g., Wht hppened? Add one more option to eh olumn. Jvier: I went home nd () (wth) The Simpsons. I thought tht I (d) (see) ll the episodes, ut I ws wrong. Crlos: Whih one (e) you (wth/negtive) efore? Jvier: The one where Homer (f) (espe) from ft frm. Crlos: Is tht the one where Mrge hd rown hir euse she (g) (urn) her hir with n iron? 63

65 Pre-Reding 13 Who nd wht n you see in the piture? Where is the sitution tking ple? Wht do you think hs just hppened? While Reding 14 Red the text to hek if you guessed orretly. Bruno hd relly luky espe yesterdy. I hd gone into the supermrket to uy some isuits nd hd left him tied to lmppost outside. The next thing I knew, I ould her him rking furiously. He hd seen huge dog nd esped. As soon s I relized wht hd hppened, I left the isuits in the shop nd rn out to th him, ut he hd lredy gone. Then I sw him running towrds the prk nd I went fter him. All of sudden, he rn stright ross the min rod! It ws terrile! As he ws running ross the rod, sooter ppered. When the rider sw Bruno he turned violently to void hitting Bruno, ut unfortuntely, he fell off the sooter. Lukily, I gred Bruno in time nd noody got hurt. The oy ws very nie out the whole thing. In ft, he invited me to get offee next week! Self Evlution Post Reding 15 Work with prtner. Without reding the story gin, put the min events in order. Only hek one you hve finished. Bruno esped nd rn fter the other dog. Crolin went into the supermrket. Bruno sw nother dog nd strted rking. d Crolin ught Bruno. e They went to hve offee together. f Crolin tied Bruno to lmppost outside the supermrket. g She pologized to the oy. h Crolin rn out of the shop to th Bruno. i She sw Bruno running towrds the prk nd rossing the min rod. j The oy sw the dog, turned nd fell off his sooter. i ii iii iv v living in hrmony vi vii viii ix x 16 Now, try to re-tell the story in your own words together with your prtner. Use phrses like when, yesterdy, nd onneting words to help your story flow. You will experiene mny hnges when this yer is over nd mny deisions will e mde. Sometimes we n mke mistkes ut tht s oky s long s we lern from them. Don t forget to tke moment efore you mke n importnt deision. To understnd sequene when listening, I should py ttention to To write short story, I should orgnize my ides y 64 Unit 3

66 Review 3 unit 1 Write story out n inident tht hppened to you or to someone you know. Inlude the voulry in the ox. Mke sure your story hs n interesting strt, limx nd resolution t the end. snek up rsh hnge mind unonsious despise deserve 2 Write sentenes out yourself. Wht were you doing yesterdy t...? d e 6m 8m 2pm 6pm 10pm 3 Put the story in order. Fill in the lnks with your own ides to omplete the story. Lst yer I went to the zoo. The tigers were wlking round in irles looking very hungry. I ws liming out of the ge s fst s I ould. My friends were lughing t first, ut 4 Choose from the words in the ox to mth the definitions. There re two extr words. trie tsk perform udiene spies rodst dvertising rsh setelt liene jo or ssignment. legl doument tht gives you the right to do something. devie used for sfety in r, irplne, or us. d used to dd flvour to food. e group of people. f the industry tht produes informtion direted to the puli. g to do something in front of people in thetre or on television. h to trnsmit TV or rdio progrm. 65

67 3 unit Worksheets 1 Red the sentenes with prtner. In whih sentene the messge is more efetive? Explin why in the line underneth. Footll is plyed everywhere. / People in every ountry ply footll. He lost some money t the sino. / Money ws lost t the sino The rmy reognizes tht mistkes were mde. / The rmy reognizes tht generls nd soldiers mde mistkes. d A letter ws sent to prents. / Prents of the students reeived letter. 2 Find the word tht does not fit with the others. rsh, skid, setelt ontestnt, winner, pplint udiene, fn, performer d unonsious, exhusted, stuorn e liene, ertifite, pperwork 4 Find the voulry words in the puzzle. Fill in the lnks with to disover the words. 3 Use the informtion elow to write pssive sentenes. English spek English is spoken in most Europen ountries. Books write fmous writers Mihel Jkson - Cool songs sing d Tehers tell stories I hd to turn fst euse I didn t see the in the rod. I drive slowly euse my is expired My grndther lwys tells me stories out when he ws 66 Unit 3 d I stopped fst on my ike nd it mde me into nother r. e There ws ig in the enter of town. All the rods re losed. f My little sister lwys insists tht I put on my in the r.

68 3 unit Worksheets 5 Crete story using the voulry words in the ox. rsh ld end in the rod liene skid unonsious setelt Yesterdy Then, When Finlly, 6 Cirle the orret options to omplete the rules. We use Yours sinerely nd Yours fithfully to lose forml / informl letters. We use Yours sinerely when we open letter with / without the nme of the person we re writing to, e.g. Der Miss Gldstone. We lose letter with Yours fithfully / Yours sinerely when we open it with Der Sir or Mdm. 7 Complete the tle with the words nd expressions in the ox. Use the expressions to write forml letter to TV sttion omplining out the qulity of its progrmming. Best wishes, Der Ms Hennessy, Der Sir or Mdm, Der Viky, did not didn t Hi Slly, I found our meeting most interesting It ws gret to see you Let me know I look forwrd to hering from you. Love from, Plese do not hesitte to ontt me gin. See you soon. Thnks for To whom it my onern Opening letter Within the letter Closing letter Forml letters Informl letters 67

69 Projet 3 unit Are You For or Aginst Advertising to Children? 1 Look t the dvert. Who is it imed t? Cn you think of ny Chilen dverts imed t hildren on TV or rdio? On wht progrmmes hve you seen/herd them? Do you think they re dequte? Wht re the hildren s retions when they see them? Do you think they re useful? 2 3 Deide wht position you re going to tke on the issue. Are you for or ginst it? e.g., I think dverstising on TV is too muh. In my opinion, dvertising on TV is informtive. With your tem, rinstorm rguments to support your point of view nd mke notes. e.g., Advertising stops you from enjoying TV progrmmes. Films re interrupted every few minutes or so! SPEAK OUT! To interrupt person when they re speking Hold on minute Wit minute One se... Exuse me... Wit... 4 Tke turns to give your opinions. Be onfident nd diret. I think In my opinion In my view As fr s I m onerned 7 8 Role - ply your dete to the rest of the lss. Write forml emil to the dvertising ord onfirming your position on topi: dvertising to hildren. Write etween words. 5 Disuss wht other people sy, gree or disgree with them, nd prepre ounter-rguments. Do you think so? I m not sure (out tht). Sorry, ut I don t gree. 6 You n gree to disgree in opinion t the end of the dete with some of the sttements ut you must find ounter-rguments lso Unit 3

70 My Progress 3 unit Listening 1 Complete the sentenes with the phrses you her. You will her the reording twie. At 10pm lst night, Susn her TV when her sister me over nd they strted htting. her sister insisted tht the logs n y nyone with omputer. Then, they spoke out relity shows tht sometimes in exoti ples nd they mentioned Mn vs. Wild. d Lter, they dinner when their dd showed up. e She hd tried to ll him efore dinner to invite him, ut his moile phone. Reding points /5 2 Billords, s you know, re lrge posters used to dvertise produts. They n e seen ner min rods nd motorwys, nd overing uildings or onstrution sites. This type of dvertisement differs from others in terms of slogns nd imges. Slogns hve to e short nd humorous, so tht people n red them quikly. The pitures hve to e distintive, so tht people notie nd rememer them. Answer the questions in your own words: Wht re illords? Where n illords e found? Wht re slogns like on illords? d Why is illord dvertising different? e Wht re the imges like on illords? points /5 Writing 3 Write story out pst event. (70 words). Use the story on pge 64 s model. points /10 Keep prtising Let s review Good jo! Brillint!

71 4 unit Keeping up with Tehnology Reding nd Understnding rtiles informtive rtile online seurity tips Listening nd Understnding news report dvie nd tips Speking disuss future possiilities ompre uses of new tehnology pronoune words with silent letters Writing text messges n opinion essy Living in Hrmony Disussing our responsiility in the use of tehnology nd refleting on our personl role in hnging soiety. 70 Unit 4

72 Lesson 1 Effets of Soil Medi 1 How do you ommunite? Wht forms of ommunition do you normlly use? Why? Whih form of ommunition listed elow you think is the est/worst? Why? notes postrds irthdy rds logs e-rds emils fe-to-fe instnt messging MMS SMS 2 3 Wht re the dvntges nd disdvntges of text lnguge? Work in groups nd mke list. Cn you understnd the text messges? Hi Sr, hru? Wnn ome 2 the inem 2nite? ud Burger Br 4. Txt k. Luv, A Pete, Mths xm 2moro. Cn u help me, plz? Come round this eve. Thx 4 5 In pirs, disuss wht s the est wy to rrnge time to meet friend? rek up with girlfriend or oyfriend? disuss personl prolems? d look for summer jo? e gossip out someone you know? f meet new people? g shre photos nd videos? Whih ver is the odd one out? Why? spek, tlk, whisper shout, srem, tlk ry, lugh, smile d rgue, disuss, tlk out e present, introdue, sy goodye Jen, I n t go 2 ur prty St. v 2 go shoppin w/ mum. CUL8R. xxx Writing 6 Write two text messges in English out future pln to friend or fmily memer. Give them to your prtner to red. 71

73 Pre-Reding 7 Soil networks re the new meeting ple of the digitl ge. How do you prtiipte in soil network? Do you spend more time ommuniting online or fe to fe? Why? Disuss with your prtners. Mke list of dvntges nd disdvntges of soil networks. While Reding 8 Red nd nswer the questions ording to the informtion in the text. Use your own words. 9 Wht dvntges does trditionl ommunition hve over texting nd emiling? Wht negtive effets is new tehnology hving on our lifestyles? Red the following sttements nd hoose the orret option ording to the text. Only ONE option is possile. Those tht re ginst mster s degree in soil networking i feel there is too muh reline on tehnology. ii sy texting n sometimes help people to ommunite effetively. iii feel these ourses re to lme for ineffetive ommunition. Texting nd similr forms of ommunition i will never reple trditionl wys of ommuniting. ii will one dy reple trditionl forms of ommuniting. iii should e used s well s trditionl ommunition. Is Tehnology Destroying Converstion? An English university is offering mster s degree in soil networking sites suh s Feook, Twitter nd Beo, nd how to set up logs nd podsts. Critis of the ourse elieve tht young people feel nked without their gdgets nd lredy spend too muh time using soil networking sites. They sy tht this reline on tehnology hs nothing to do with the rt of onverstion nd is tully doing wy with it. Studies hve shown tht due to our usy, individulisti lifestyles, seventy per ent of people prefer to text thn to write letter or tke prt in fe-to-fe disussion, whih is leding to more insulr soiety. Texting does not onvey wht norml onverstion does. We nnot esily notie if person is feeling hppy, ngry, romnti or srsti in n emil. We need to her rhythm nd intontion; we need to see someone s fe, too, s ody lnguge gives us prieless lues s to someody s mood. By sitting on us, listening to n MP3 plyer nd texting, how n we intert with the world round us? How n we get deent jo or meet our future mtes if we don t develop our onverstion skills? In offies, people now send emils to ollegues Lerning TIP One wy to rememer phrsl vers is to write sentenes using them in different grmmr tenses in the ontext of every dy life. e.g., tke prt in I took prt in thetre ply lst yer I hve tken prt in footll gme. 72 Unit 4

74 Post Reding sitting on the other side of the room, when it would tke less time to get up nd go to spek to them. Three hundred teengers in Itly tried to survive without their moiles for two weeks. Some reported loss in onfidene, lk of ppetite nd nerly hlf felt isolted from the rel world. However, texting is less intrusive nd timeonsuming thn norml onverstion, nd uses new, more onise lnguge whih is onstntly hnging. The rules of grmmr, spelling nd puntution re eing wiped out, nd we need to dpt ordingly. It would e disster if exhnging dilogue with someone fe-to-fe were to dispper. Perhps there is room for oth types of ommunition in the world? Adpted from Celln-Jones, Rory (2011). We don t tlk ny more is tehnology hrming ommunition?. BBC News. Retrieved Otoer 25, 2013 from 10 Write down two resons for using online ommunition in your life nd two where you prefer fe to fe ommunition. Is relity in Chile the sme s in Britin? Find two differenes, nd shre your nswers with the rest of the lss. Voulry 11 Mth the definitions with the highlighted phrsl vers in the text. Try to guess the mening y looking t the omplete sentene. Use ditionry to help you if neessry. prtiipte eliminted rete d destroying e rise 12 Fill in the sentenes with the orret phrsl ver from exerise 11. d When you your Feook ount you hve to put your personl detils. When I in the morning I hek my emils. I lwys in our lsses disussions out tehnology. We need to with so muh htting on line nd hve more fe to fe onverstions. Speking 13 Work in groups. Disuss the questions s lss fterwrd. If people ontinue to use soil networking s their preferred form of ommunition, wht re the potentil negtive onsequenes to soiety? Wht re the differenes etween sending n emil nd text messge? e.g., People my lk proper soil skills when fe to fe with others. 73

75 Lnguge in Use You might e in dnger if you go down tht lley. You must try this wine. It s exellent. You hve to visit us while you re in town. In order to persude someody of doing something we n use might, must or hve to followed y n infinitive form. Prtie 14 Complete the sentenes with the words in the tle. might not don t might hve to While Listening 16 Listen nd hoose the est title. How to Mke Video for YouTue YouTue: Why Use it? Under Control: YouTue nd Governments d People nowdys tke muh prt in fe to fe ommunition. You relise how someone is feeling through text-messging. Text messges use misunderstndings in ommunition. We dpt to the hnges of lnguge if we wnt to ommunite suesfully. d Critiisms of YouTue entre on issues of opyright nd ontent. e Sometimes people uplod their personl Work in groups of 4. Answer these questions. videos. Do you ever wth videos online? Where? When? f Some BBC progrmmes re shown on YouTue. Hve you ever uploded video to wesite? Whih one? Post Listening Did people wth your video? If so, wht do you think ttrted them to it. If not, why do you think it wsn t hit? 18 Write summry on the report you hve herd using the sentenes you mrked in tivity 17. Use minimum of 100 words. Pre-Listening 15 Self Evlution If you mke tenttive plns, wht phrses would you use to tell friend tht you nnot ommit 100%? To understnd text when I red it for the first time I py ttention to 17 Listen gin. Whih ides re mentioned in the reording? Mrk them with. Millions of people round the world use YouTue. YouTue hs een huge suess in short period of time. You n wth vriety of videos on YouTue. 74 Unit 4

76 Lesson 2 Wht re Gdgets? Voulry While Listening 1 Complete the text with the words on the tle. If neessry, use your ditionry to look up ny words tht you do not know. downlod tteries hndheld messge hedphones touh keyord rehrgele A tlet omputer is smll () omputer with flt () sreen. The most populr re ipds nd Androids, whih llow users to ess the we, () pplitions, view photos nd videos, ply gmes nd red ebooks, newsppers, nd nything on the Internet. You n lso plug in externl (d) nd listen to musi. All tlets hve (e), with n verge life of out ten hours in stndy mode so it isn t neessry to swith off the power utton. Tlets do not usully hve (f) ; if you wnt to write (g), you tp letters nd symols on the sreen. You don t need to set up the tlet when you first open the ox just turn it on. 3 4 Listen to this news report out the reltionship tht young people hve with new tehnology. Wht purpose(s) do tehnologil devies serve to young people? Listen gin. Choose the orret option. Teengers re lled the thum genertion euse... i they don t use their fingers very muh. ii they lwys hng out in pirs. iii they use lot of hndheld devies. The reserh ws ommissioned y... i television hnnel. ii newspper. iii youth orgniztion. While teengers re wthing television, they often... i mke phone lls. ii et junk food. iii do severl other things. Pre-Listening 2 Work with prtner. Desrie some tehnologil ojets to your prtner. Wht do they look like? When nd how do you use them? d Teengers sometimes send text messges to... i more thn one person t time. ii person who is with them. iii person they don t know. Post Listening Compre nd ontrst the uses of the different ojets you ve desried. Use these questions. How useful re these ojets for you? Why you would use them? Cn you use them to ommunite? When? Whih re the dvntges nd disdvntges of using these ojets? 5 Go to the tpesript in the k of the ook nd find 8 ogntes. These words n help you to understnd text. e.g., genertion Choose three of these words nd write sentenes tht re true to you. 75

77 Pre-Reding Lnguge in Use Cn, ould, e le to I won t e le to finish my homework. I ould help you tomorrow. We use these types of vers to tlk out possile situtions or things you re or ren t le to do. 8 In pirs, nswer the following questions: Do you hve moile phone? When do you use it? Do you leve it on ll the time? Why/Why not? Wht do you use it for? While Reding 9 Red the essy. Wht does the writer think out moile phones? Prtie 6 7 Complete with the orret form of e le to. e.g., (+) Teengers re le to ondut s mny s five tivities t the sme time s they re wthing TV. (-) I use my moile phone in the underground. (?) you help me with my homework lter? (+) When I sve my llowne for three months, I uy new lptop omputer. Complete the following sentenes with pproprite phrses. Use n, n t, ould, or ouldn t or form of e le to. d e When I ought my new phone I My mother hs new digitl mer so now After you send this messge you If you re interviewed, you The thum genertion ommons.wikimedi.org 10 Moile phones re one of the est inventions in reent times. Mny people use their moile phones every dy nd I think tht () First of ll, moiles llow us to ommunite with other people no mtter where we re. Prents n ll their hildren t ny time, whih is very useful. Wht is more, () suh s r rshes or nturl dissters to sve people s lives. In ddition, they n e used y people () Seondly, moile phones re hep to uy. (d) We n send short messges whih re heper thn lling. We n hek our emil with them, too. Most moile phones lso llow you to surf the net nd get the ltest news. (e) In onlusion, (f) nd they hve eome n importnt prt of people s lives. As with ny other piee of tehnology, we should use moiles in sensile wy, so tht we do not nnoy other people. Use the phrses to omplete the text in exerise 9. moile phones n e used in emergenies, Besides, we n use even the hepest moile phones for mny different tsks. in the ner future everyody will e using one. who live in isolted res s well. I would sy tht moile phones re very useful gdgets You n tke photogrphs nd send them to friend, too. 76 Unit 4

78 Post Reding 11 Write these phrses nd linkers from the text under the orret tegory. lso nd s well esides first of ll I think I would sy in ddition in onlusion seondly too wht is more Lerning TIP When writing persusive essy, its importnt to rgue why your position is orret, ut lso why the opposing position is wrong. In this se, if you re supporting the ide tht wthing TV is etter thn plying Video Gmes, you need disuss the enefits of TV nd lso the negtive spets of Video Gmes. To mke dditions To give resons nd onlusions To give opinions 14 Use your ides from tivity 13. Put them into the outline elow. Writing Look t the essy title. Wht s your opinion? Plying Video Gmes is Better thn Wthing TV. Work in pirs. Choose side of the rgument elow to defend. Brinstorm ides for (+) your opinion nd ginst (-) the opposing opinion. Reson 1 Why + Why - Plying Video Gmes is Better thn Wthing TV Prgrph 1: your opinion Opinion: I (don t) think... In my opinion,... I elieve... Prgrph 2: your first reson Min: First of ll,... Firstly,... Supporting exmples: Prgrph 3: your seond reson Min: Seondly,... Supporting exmples: Reson 2 Why + Why - Self Evlution 15 Prgrph 4: your onlusion Conlusion nd omment: To sum up,... In onlusion,... Write your essy sed on your outline. Write t lest 4 sentenes for the intro nd 5 sentenes in the supporting prgrphs. If I rinstorm words nd ides tht I know relted to topi efore listening, I By prtising new voulry in sentenes when speking, I 77

79 Lesson 3 Addited to Tehnology Pre-Reding 1 Chnge the sttements into questions. Then, go round the lssroom nd write down the nmes of people who nswer yes. You need to sk t lest 8 different people. Keep trk of the questions tht reeive the most nswers. After, ompre s lss nd disuss the most ommon online hits of the lss. e.g., Do you hek your emil every morning efore you do nything else? Find someody who: Nme heks his/her emil or soil network sites efore doing nything else in the morning. hs friends or fmily who think he/she spends too muh time online. usully gets ngry if wesite is slow. d doesn t like to sty wy from the internet for more thn dy. e hs lots of online only friends. f wstes time on the internet when he/she should e doing other things suh s homework. 2 Look t the words in the text tht re in old. Drw the tle elow in your noteook nd omplete it with rest of the words. Work with prtner, nd use ditionry if neessry. e.g., rowsing Browse is ver tht mens serh. Word Prt of speeh Definition rowse ver serh, look through 3 Mke list of the signs tht indite weholism mentioned in the text. e.g., Chek emils onstntly Weholism: new ddition Do you feel nxious to onstntly e onneted to the Internet? Do you spend hours rowsing we pges without notiing? Do you sleep for less thn five hours euse you prefer to surf the net? If you nswer yes to these questions, then you might e suffering from weholism: n ddition to the Internet. Twenty yers go, no one ould hve predited tht onsulting the Internet would eome dditive. There is, however, evidene whih suggests tht people n develop ompulsive need to e online, to hek emils onstntly, to updte logs dily or to visit soil network sites when they should e studying. Norml ehviour, you might sy, ut Internet 78 Unit 4

80 ddition is serious ondition nd might e more ommon thn you think. A reent telephone survey from the Stnford Shool of Mediine found tht one in eight people interviewed ould e experiening prolems relted to the misuse of the Internet. Spending more hours online mens tht users re overtired, leding to prolems t work or shool. But perhps the soil implitions of weholism re even more serious. People shre feelings nd experienes with online friends they hve never met euse they feel more onfident, ut void meeting rel friends. Weholism is not only prolem for omputer users. Newer tehnology gdgets mke it esier for everyone to ess the Internet wherever they re. Tke the se of smrt phones. ComSore, n online mrketing reserh ompny, found tht smrt-phone users regulrly use the Internet to send emil, hek footll sores nd look up fts. Interestingly, it seems tht iphone users re more likely to go online thn others. Of ourse, not ll of us hve smrt phone, ut s these new devies eome more essile, the sitution my worsen in the ner future. It hs lso een suggested tht seventy-one perent of offie workers use the Internet during working hours. Wht n e done to prevent Internet ddition? Experts re wrning prents tht the more time their hildren spend online, the fster they n develop ompulsive ehviour. The est dvie is to mke sensile use of omputers nd the Internet. They mke our lives esier in mny wys; however, we should use them with modertion. We must mke sure tht when the time omes to turn the omputer off, we go out into the rel world. Adpted from Hkn Tuner, A. (2000). Weholism: Modern Dy Addition. Topi Online Mgzine for Lerners of English 9. Retrieved Otoer 25, 2013 from While Reding 4 Red the text nd hoose the orret option. Only ONE nswer is possile. d Twenty yers go... i it ws esy to predit tht onsulting the Internet would eome dditive. ii lots of people predited tht onsulting the Internet would eome dditive. iii it ws impossile to predit tht onsulting the Internet would eome dditive. iv onsulting the Internet eme dditive. A telephone survey from the Stnford Shool of Mediine found tht... i eight perent of the people they interviewed were ddited to the Internet. ii one perent of the people they interviewed were ddited to the Internet. iii everyone they interviewed ws ddited to the Internet. iv some of the people they interviewed hd prolems linked to Internet misuse. Spending hours online mkes you overtired nd this... i n use you prolems t work nd shool. ii might help you to eome leder t work or shool. iii my help you with shoolwork. iv mens you n solve prolems t work or shool more esily. People n ess the Internet more esily... i thnks to new telephone lines. ii euse of modern tehnology gdgets. iii euse omputers hve lots of new gdgets. iv euse they use the Internet t work. 79

81 Post Reding Pre-Listening 5 With prtner, mke list of the dvntges nd disdvntges of using tehnology. Then, role-ply dilogue s prent nd hild. The prent should defend the simpler times efore tehnology nd the hild should rgue for the opposite.write your dilogue out nd perform it for the lss. 7 When did you lern how to use omputer? Ws it t shool or t home? Does nyody else in your fmily use omputer? Who? Wht do they use it for? Lnguge in Use Oligtion nd Prohiition e.g., We don t hve to misuse the Internet, it is not good for our helth. I ll hve to lern how to use my new smrt phone when I uy it. We use must, need to, nd hve to to tlk out oligtion. We use mustn t to tlk out prohiition. We use don t hve to nd don t need to, or needn t to tlk out no oligtion. Rememer tht, to tlk out oligtion or no oligtion in the pst or future, we use hve to. While Listening 8 Listen to mn speking out his mother nd nswer the questions. How did the speker s mother strt using the Internet? Wht does she love to do on the internet? Wht does she need to e reful out? Prtie 6 In groups, mth the following sentenes to the rules in the Lnggue in Use ox ove (,, nd ). Explin your resoning nd then disuss s lss. d e I need to uy new omputer; my old one is too slow. Tht smrt phone is too expensive; I mustn t spend too muh money. These dys you don t hve to spend lot for smrt phone. The softwre must e instlled efore you n use it. The instrution mnul needn t e inluded euse you n get it online. 9 Post Listening Red the following sttement nd deide whether you gree or disgree. After you hve tken position, disuss your ides with your prtner. It is impossile for old people to lern how to use new tehnologies. Writing Work with prtner. Crete list of rules on the following: How NOT to e Weholi. Use the ox of Lnguge in Use ox nd the voulry from the text to help you. Post your lists round the lssroom nd vote on who hs the est ides. Unit 4

82 Pre-Reding 11 Hve you ever shopped on the Internet? Do you think it is dngerous? Why?/Why not? Justify your nswers. While Reding Tips for Online Shopping 12 Red the text out Internet seurity. Complete the text y deiding whih prt of the text (i-viii) elongs in eh gp (-h). Tip 1 Mke sure you re using seure server nd rowser with industry seurity stndrds efore you enter redit rd informtion online. First look t the ddress in the ddress r nd hek tht it strts with https. Then look t the ottom of the Internet window nd (). Tip 2 Use known ompnies. Anyone n open n () nd e gone tomorrow. Here re some things to reserh () with ompny you don t know. (d) for the ompny ompres with the informtion from the domin register. Chek to see if (e). Tip 3 When online shopping, we ll hope tht we (f) ut sometimes there re prolems. Chek the return poliy efore you order so you will (g). Tip 4 Keep informtion out your order. Also (h), suh s return poliies, ompny informtion, speifi produt informtion, nd wrrnty informtion. Trust your instints. If it sounds too good to e true, it proly is. i print out other informtion you my need ii mke sure there is losed pdlok iii there hve een mny omplints iv online store in minutes v know wht to expet vi Chek to see tht the ontt informtion vii get wht we sk for viii efore doing usiness Post Reding 13 Work with prtner. Disuss the positive nd negtive spets of online shopping. Write down your ides in tle with 2 olumns, one for dvntges nd the other for disdvntges. Shre the ides s lss fterwrd. Self Evlution Identifying key words in text (pge 78 for exmple) helps me How would you express to friend tht you wnt him to stop doing something? 81

83 Lesson 4 Visions of Ner Future Pre-Listening 1 Red the sentenes elow nd irle one of the options sed on your preditions for the future. d e f Crs will / won t e using other forms of fuel. Houses will / won t produe ll the energy they need. The wy we et will / won t hnge. We will / won t hve to visit the dotor s surgery when we re ill. We will / won t trvel to distnt ples. Tehnology will / won t e very importnt to us. While Listening 2 Listen to the text nd hek your nswers. Listen gin. Complete the gps in the phrses with the ompound nouns. ontt lenses sightseeing tours trffi jm mirohips ir onditioning lood pressure On typil evening you will drive through trffi jm in your hydrogen-powered r. As you wlk in, your movement will tivte sensor nd the lights nd will ome on. You will then wth TV using pir of speil whih strem imges diretly from the Internet. d A under your skin will llow your dotor to hek your nd other ody funtions. e There will still e eh holidys, nd shopping trips rod. 3 Listen gin nd nswer the questions. How will you get into your house? Where will you get the energy you need for your home from? Wht lterntive wy of wthing TV is suggested? d How n you meet people t work without leving your home? e Wht different types of holidys re mentioned in the text? 82 Unit 4

84 Post Listening 4 Find ompound nouns in the text. Then, mth them with their menings elow. long line of vehiles on rod tht nnot move trffi jm system tht mkes the ir in uildings older smll piees of plsti you put in your eyes to see lerly d very smll prt of omputer e the fore with whih lood trvels round your ody f short trips to visit fmous or interesting ples 5 Choose three ompound nouns nd write sentenes tht re true to you. Voulry Speking 6 Mke ompound nouns to lel the pitures. 7 How you think tehnology will hnge the wy we live in 2025? Brinstorm some ides onsidering the following spets: lrm urglr lip pedestrin pen shool sun trffi wind youth lrm g lok rossing glsses hostel knife lights sreen stik housing trnsporttion energy ommunition eting hits medi edution e.g., Energy will ome from soures like wind turines nd solr power. Get together in groups nd ompre your ides. Mke smll poster to shre with the rest of the lss. trffi lights d e f g h i j 83

85 Pre-Reding 8 Red nd disuss the following questions. Do you think mind reding is sientifi issue or is it just intuition? If the development of tehnology in the future llows people to red someody else s mind, wht re the potentil risks or enefits? Mind reding is loser to relity thn you my think. Sientists in the field of ioinformtis re reserhing how to link your rin to devies, suh s omputer or smrt phone. They hve designed hedsets with dvned sensors to red eletril rin tivity tht n reognize fil expressions, exitement nd onentrtion levels, nd the simple thoughts of person.. You will only need to think out lling someone, in order to ontt them. Or you n ontrol the ursor on omputer sreen just y thinking out where you wnt to move it. You won t need to tke ny physil tions to do these things. Aording to experts, we will egin to see erly signs of this tehnology in the gming nd entertinment industry within only few yers. Moreover, dotors ould use the tehnology to test rin ptterns, whih ould help in rehilittion from strokes nd mye even understnd rin disorders, suh s utism. Adpted from Dougls P K, Hrris Sm, Yuille Aln, Cohen Mrk S (2011). Performne omprison of mhine lerning lgorithms nd numer of independent omponents used in fmri deoding of elief vs. diselief. NeuroImge. 56(2): Self Evlution CHECK THIS OUT! T.J. Wtson, the hed of IBM in 1943, sid I think there my e mrket for five omputers in totl in the world. Tody, over 45 million personl omputers re sold every yer in the USA lone. While Reding 9 Red the text nd nswer the following questions. Whih re the dvnements eing mde in the field of ioinformtis? In wht wy will you e le to ommunite with someody in the future? How n this tehnology e useful in the medil field? Post Reding 10 Write out wht effets you elieve new tehnology will hve on the future. Write short, 3-prgrph essy following this model. Postive effets Negtive effets Conlusion living in hrmony Tehnology hs quikly eome n importnt prt of our lives. Hving ess to soil networks retes onnetions etween people in wys tht were never efore possile. Even though this n e fun, we hve to lern to t onsientiously nd use our tehnology wisely. I n identify if text reltes to the pst, present, or future y A good wy to rememer some key ompound djetives is 84 Unit 4

86 Review 4 unit 1 Red the following sentenes nd hek if the phrsl vers re used orretly. If not, write down new sentene using them ppropritely. Blogs re good wy to get up your thoughts. New tehnologies re doing wy with trditionl forms of ommunition. Moile phones n tke prt in drivers using idents. d I hd to help my fther to set up his Feook ount. 2 Rerrnge the words to mke sentenes in order to omplete the dilogue. e.g., onnetion / fst / is / my / Internet / very My Internet onnetion is very fst. A: uy / ltest / smrtphone / wnt / I / to / the B: sister / relly? / my / it / hs A: work / how / it /? / does B: system / too / is / slow / told / the / me / she A: wit / the / model / next / out / omes / mye / I / should / until 3 Write sentenes with my, might, or ould nd your own ides. Wht re you doing on Sturdy evening? I m not sure, Where re you going on holidy next summer? I hven t deided yet. Wht re you going to uy your mum for her irthdy? I don t know yet. 4 Mth the words to their menings. i tke prt in ii hndheld iii get up iv rehrgele v gdget vi sensile smll mhine rise prtiipte something smll enough to e held in your hnd someone tht ts on good judgement something le to e rehrged Write down six sentenes using the previous words. 5 Write short text out one of the following topis. Inlude t lest four words from the ox. Use the essy struture on pge 71 to mke your rgument more persusive nd ohesive. Children spend too muh time on Feook. Soil networks re d for soiety. People might live on the moon one dy. too esides in onlusion lso in ft even though provided tht s well 85

87 4 unit Worksheets 1 Identify the ompound nouns in the sentenes. Why re they used inorretly? The sound of the lrm lok let the students know shool ws over. Sightseeing tours show tourists the most unknown nd surprising spets of ity. I got into trffi jm yesterdy; my r is destroyed. d The trffi lights lit up the prk t night so the hildren ould ply. e I just mde ookies with hoolte mirohips. 2 Complete the following dilogue. A: Wht do you think ities? B: I think ir pollution. A: So, how do you imgine the future?. B: Well, people nd ities. A: Wow! Life will.. 3 Write sentenes with my / might / ould It s possile tht she loves me. She might love me. It s possile tht I ll uy digitl rdio. It s possile tht my moile phone is roken. d It s possile tht he ll wnt to orrow my tlet. e It s possile tht my prents will uy me gmes onsole. 4 Re-write the sentenes in exerise 3 in the negtive. d 86 Unit 4

88 Worksheets 4 unit 5 Cirle the orret option to omplete the sentene. Jun: I relly wnt to lern English. But it s too lte now. You () hve to / don t hve to strt young to lern lnguge. Doris: Tht s not true! You () hve to / don t hve to e young. I strted lerning English when I ws 16 nd spek it fluently now. Jun: So wht do I () hve to / must do? Doris: To strt, uy ook nd study it t home. You lso (d) hve to / don t hve to py ttention to your teher in lss. Jun: I don t like my teher t shool. Doris: You (e) hve to / don t hve to like your teher neessrily. You hve to py ttention! Jun: I don t know. I men, I wnt to lern English. I (f) hve to / don t hve to lern it for my future jo. Doris: Well, I think you (g) hve to / don t hve to work hrd. But it s fun, too! 6 Complete the following sentenes using vers tht express possiility or things tht you re or ren t le to do. d e f Children Tehnology The footll tem It In the future Nowdys 7 Mth the following words with the orret mening. d e dpt gdget ritiism intert wrning to ommunite with something tht mkes you understnd there is possile dnger to hnge something to suit different onditions smll devie with prtiulr purpose giving your opinion out something or someone 8 Using ll the words from exerise 7, rete dilogue tht tlks out tehnology. 87

89 Projet 4 unit Invent Gdget 2 In groups of 3 or 4, design new nd innovtive gdget or root. This ould e type of moile phone, omputer, or ny devie tht n do funtion tht will mke life esier or etter in some wy. Deide on the ruris tht will e used to evlute the projet nd the time limit s lss efore strting. 3 Assign roles mong the group. Give eh tem memer speifi role, suh s designing the gdget, writing desription or thinking of the mrketing slogn. 1 Work in pirs. Nme the eletroni devies in the photos. Wht n you use them for? Red the following sttements, disuss with your prtner nd deide whih of the ojets n e hrterised ording to the sttements. It s edutionl. You n listen to musi on it. You n wth movies on it. It s good wy to sty in ontt. You n ply gmes on it. It s smll nd esy to rry. You n tell the time with it. It s useful in emergenies. You n tke photos with it. You n sve informtion on it. 4 5 Drw piture of this gdget. Write desription of it. Desrie the funtions nd how to use it. Sy why this gdget ould e enefit to soiety / people. Chek the orgniztion of the desription. Try to use tehnology terms. Now present your gdget to your lss. Evlute your lssmtes presenttions ording to the hosen ruris nd riteri Unit 4

90 My Progress 4 unit Reding 1 Red the text nd nswer the questions. Soil medi refers to logs, forums, networks, wikis, nd mny other online sites nd servies. The min ide ehind soil medi is tht people round the world n esily nd instntly shre informtion nd ides through soil intertion. However, some people dislike soil medi. These opponents elieve tht logs, emils nd text messges, et. rete n informtion overlod. In other words, there is too muh informtion to red nd understnd. There is onstnt fight for people s ttention. In tody s world, soil medi hs eome n importnt prt of soiety, mostly euse of hep Internet, ell phones tht let users surf the Internet nd send emils, nd wide rnge of other servies to shre informtion. Even if we tke into ount the negtive spets, it s not likely to dispper. d e In wht wy n we ommunite interntionlly? Wht do you understnd y informtion overlod? Soil medi hs eome n importnt prt of soiety. Do you gree or disgree with this sttement? Why? Aording to the uthor, will this tendeny ontinue? Wht title would you give to this prgrph? points /7.5 Listening 2 Listen to Mx tlking out wht might hppen in the future. Answer the questions sed on his ides. d Why will there e fewer idents in the future? Wht kinds of jos will roots e le to do? Wht is possile negtive onsequene out roots in the future? Wht re the most extreme preditions? points /6 Writing 3 Write prgrph out tehnology using eh of the following words. downlod tteries hndheld messge hedphones touh keyord rehrgele points /6.5 Keep prtising Let s review Good jo! Brillint!

91 5 unit Prt Time or Full Time? Reding nd Understnding rtiles resume / urriulum vite Listening nd Understnding n interview jo interview Speking disuss pros nd ons desrie unusul reers tlk out jos pronoune stress nd rhythm Writing out unusul jos urriulum vite Living in Hrmony Prtising good work ethis nd rigour while eing responsile nd persevernt. 90

92 Lesson 1 Future Jos? Pre-Listening 1 Look t the newspper dd nd fill in the tle with the dvntges nd disdvntges of eh jo. Need some extr sh? If you ve got some spre time t the weekends or you don t mind getting up erly during the week, there is lots of work out there witing for you! Tke on one of these jos nd mke some money of your own! Jo Advntges Disdvntges newspper deliveries shop work ysitting wshing rs witing tles Newspper deliveries weekdys or weekends, strt 7.m. Shop work stking shelves, fternoons or evenings Bysitting weekends nd some evenings Wshing rs Sturdys nd Sundys Witing tles wit tles in fst food resturnts nd fés, weekends 2 Look t the following pitures nd disuss them. Mke preditions out the text you re going to her nd write them down on your noteook. While Listening 3 Listen to person desriing the pros nd ons of students jos nd write down 2 pros nd 2 ons. Compre with lssmte. Listen gin nd hek. 4 Listen gin nd nswer the following questions. Post Listening 5 Look t the following sttements nd deide if you gree with them or not. Write down your ides nd disuss them with your prtner. Why re students getting prt-time jos during the week? Whih skills n you lern while you work? Wht n hppen with students who overwork during the week? All teengers should work while they re studying. If you strt working while you re t shool you will eome more independnt. A jo will help you to mnge your finnes. 91

93 Pre-Reding 6 In pirs disuss the following questions. Wht re your fvourite sujets t shool? Wht type of jos re omptile with your fvorite shool sujet? Are you going to university or to tehnil ollege? Whih one? d If you hve deided to work, wht ompny do you hve in mind? e Hve you tlked to your prents out your deisions? Do they gree with your hoie? While Reding 7 Red the text nd put the missing phrses into the prgrphs ording to the ontext. tehnil ssistne etter employility edutionl institutions d good insertion e profit mrgin f onnetions with ompnies g dependle nd ompetent 8 Answer the following questions. Why re eletriins nd mehnis good hoies if you wnt to work in the mining re? How hs omputer siene eome more importnt? Why do you think renewle energy nd onflit medition re eoming high demnd progrmmes? TECHNICAL PROGRAMMES WITH BEST PROSPECTS IN CHILE Shorter, less expensive, (i) nd projetion re just some of the resons why tehnil reers re eoming hoies in high demnd for high shool grdutes nd working people in Chile. Mrio is only 25 nd lredy owns omputer reyling ompny tht hs reported sles of over 50 million pesos. He n py slries, still leving generous (ii) to reinvest. Mrio hs worked sine he ws 17 in jos relted to omputer siene. He knows, from experiene, tht ig ompnies reruit tehniins who hve speifi ompetenes nd skills in progrmming. In ft, just like Mrio, round 56% of high shool grdutes enrol in -yer-long tehnil progrmmes. Less thn 10 yers go, there were round 2,000 tehnil progrmmes offered y (iii). Tody, there re lmost 4,000. The dvntges nd interest in these progrmmes re justified: they re less expensive to pursue, tke less time to study, nd re jo-study omptile. Also, t most of the insitutions where these progrmmes re tught, they hve (iv) mking finding jo esier. 92 Unit 5

94 Computer Siene: the sfe re Among the sfest tehnil res with regrds to finding employment re those relted to IT (informtion tehnology). Almost every ompny works with omputerised networks nd none of these, s Mrio ssures, ould work without tehniin, who speilises in providing (v). Eletriity nd Mehnis: the est pid Compnies re reruiting people who n fix nd progrmme engines. These progrmmes llow grdutes to ern slry lose to 700,000 pesos nd, fter 5 yers, they n ern up to 1,300,000 pesos. These fields lso hve (vi) in mining in generl. There s n inresing inorportion of utomtised mehnisms in this re nd tehniins ply prmount role in rrying out mintenne tsks s these ompnies nnot fford stopping their produtive proesses. Wht s Next? Be lert euse other res suh s those relted to renewle energy nd onflit medition re eoming high demnd too. Hve in mind tht grduting from tehnil progrmme does not neessrily men erning 1,000,000 pesos right wy. As long s grdutes re le to keep network of ontts nd re viewed s (vii) ndidtes, their prospets improve. Adpted from Pino M., P (2012, August 25). Ls rrers ténis on más futuro y mejores ingresos. L Segund, pp s STEP IT up! Post Reding 9 Mth the following words with their synonyms. Go k to the text gin for referenes nd look for the keywords tht will help you understnd the voulry. Use ditionry when neessry. d e f g prospet reruit omptile insertion prmount fields dependle i employ ii well-suited iii possiility iv relile v vitl vi introdution vii res 10 Find three words in the text tht you don t understnd. Look for them in ditionry nd write synonym for eh. i ii iii Choose 5 words from this tivity nd the previous one nd write sentenes out your drem jo. Think of jo tht my e in high demnd in the future. Write down three responsiilites this jo hs nd shre them with the lss. 93

95 Prtie 11 Choose the orret option to omplete these sttements. Add one more exmple of sentene your friends sy nd write the reported version of it. I m going to study in order to eome n eletriin. i He sid he ws going to study in order to eome n eletriin. ii He sid I ws going to study in order to eome n eletriin. My oss told me I should tke dy off. i His oss told me he should tke dy off. ii His oss told him he should tke dy off. I hve jo interview tomorrow nd I m very nervous! i She sid she hs jo interview tomorrow nd tht she is very nervous. ii She sid she hd jo interview tomorrow nd tht she is very nervous. d 12 Complete the sentenes with n pproprite phrse using the vers sy or tell. Her oss The expert Our teher d My friend e The jo onsultnt Lnguge in Use He sid he never works on Sundy. She told me tht she ws 18 yers old. We use this type of onstrution to report wht nother person hs sid without sying the ext words. In order to do this, we use the vers sy nd tell. Speking 13 Would you e le to work prt-time while studying? Work in pirs to interview eh other using the questions elow. Write your prtner s nswers using reported speeh. Refer to the Lnguge in Use hrt or the Grmmr Referene on pge 189 if you hve ny douts. e.g., Do you get out of ed in the morning without eing told? My prtner sid tht he/she got out of ed euse he/she set the lrm. Do you tke re of your pperne nd hve good hygiene? Do you think you mke good hoies? Do you usully tke responsiility for your tions? d Do you get long with other teens nd with dults? e Do you think you hndle ritiism well? f Do you hve good time mngement skills? 14 Is your prtner eligile for jo? Why / Why not? Self Evlution Whih re the pros nd ons of hving prt-time jo? How would you tell your friend tht your mother sid Clen your room!? 94 Unit 5

96 Lesson 2 Mixing Fun nd Work Pre-Listening ommons.wikimedi.org 1 Wht kind of medi onsumer re you? How muh time do you spend online eh dy? Do you like plying video gmes? 2 Quikly skim through this text. Wht do you think would e the est title? Write your suggestions on the ord nd hoose the one tht fits est. Justify your nswer. Tody s teens spend more thn 7 nd 1/2 hours dy onsuming medi. These inlude wthing TV, listening to musi, surfing the We, soil networking, nd plying video gmes. Teens tody re known s the digitl ntives nd re prt of the first genertion to e so losely identified with tehnology. When it omes to tlking out video gmes, lmost everyone would like to voie their opinion. The plette of hoies nowdys is lmost infinite nd tht s why design plys very importnt role when hoosing the right one. Design is wht mkes the differene etween softwre you hve to use nd softwre you wnt to use. Emilio is user interfe designer. His jo is to figure out how softwre nd users intert with eh other. When you sumit form, wht hppens? How re users notified of errors? Does the form go to new pge, or sumit while stying on the urrent pge? Pretty ool, huh? Emilio lives in Sntigo nd works t Cndin ompny lled Behviour, whih is the lrgest independent gme development studio in Cnd, speilising in the prodution of 2D nd 3D tion/dventure gmes for Xox3, Wii, PlySttion 3, PlySttion Portle nd Nintendo DS. Bsed on Plfrey, J, Glsser, U. (2008). Introdution. Born Digitl: understnding the first genertion of digitl ntives. New York: Bsi Books. pp While Listening 3 Listen to prt 1 of Emilio s interview nd nswer the following questions. Wht does Emilio do t Behviour? Wht projets hs he worked on there? Does he get to ply lot of video gmes? Why? d Does he spek English outside work? Why? 4 Now listen to prt 2 of Emilio s interview nd omplete the hrt with the orret informtion. His interests He loves He doesn t like d His fvourite video gmes e His future plns f He thinks tehnology is g His dvie 95

97 Lnguge in Use He sked us if we went to the inem often. He sked wht time I usully went to ed. When we report questions we mke the sme hnges to tenses, pronouns nd referenes to time nd ple s we do with sttements. Post Listening 5 Choose the orret question. Write sentene for eh to explin why the nswer you hose is orret nd the other option is inorret. Wht lnguge do you spek t work? i She sked if he spoke lnguge t work. ii She sked wht lnguge he spoke t work. Do you get to ply video gmes t work? i She sked him if he got to ply video gmes t work. ii She sked him wht do you get to ply video gmes t work. Wht do you like out your work? i She sked him wht liked out his work ii She sked him wht he liked out his work 6 Rewrite some of Emilio s questions reporting the informtion. Use the following exmple s model: e.g., Wht do you do? The reporter sked Emilio wht he does. Is Behviour Chilen ompny? Wht re your future plns? Do you use English outside work? Pronunition 7 Role-ply the 2 dilogues. Whih words re stressed? Why? A: Yolnd will e k on Fridy. B: No, she won t. She will e k on Thursdy. A: I her Derek pssed his Frenh exm. B: Frenh? No, he pssed his Mths exm. Voulry 8 Look t the est pying jos in Chile nd ple them in the tegories elow. Legl x1 Energy x2 Mining x1 Tehing x1 Informtion Tehnology x2 Bnking x2 Engineering x2 Eletri Opertions Mnger Professor Business Administrtor Legl Servies Mnger Consultnt Explortion Mnger Field Engineer Business Anlyst Development Mnger Mining Engineer Eletril Engineering Mnger 96 Unit 5

98 Writing 9 UNUSUAL CAREERS Red the following prgrphs out very unusul jos. Whih jo would you e willing to work in? Why? Shre your deision with your prtner. Snke Milker You ve herd the phrse: Wht doesn t kill you mkes you stronger. In this se, wht doesn t kill you my prove to e life-sving sustne. Snke venom is odily poison nd t the sme time, the primry ingredient in serums tht ure snkeites. In res where poisonous snkes re ommon, niml re speilists employed to extrt venom y milking the reptile s fngs re ruil. Couh, C. (n.d.). Odd Jos nd Crzy Creers. ClssesUSA. Retrieved Otoer 25, 2013 from Lughter Therpist If lughter truly is the est mediine, then psyhologist nd Lughter Leder/ Joyologist is the dotor for you. Built on the philosophy tht giggles, hukles nd elly lughs is good for us, lughter therpists work with lients to help inorporte smile into ptients dily lives. Regulr doses of lughter re proven to llevite stress, oost the ody s immune system, nd redue the signs of ging. Lewis, T.(2013, June 10). Stologist? Snke milker? Sexologist? 7 odd siene reers. NBC News Siene. Retrieved Otoer 25, 2013 from 10 Think of 2 unusul jos you know or hve red out nd write desription of eh. If you don t know ny, then mke up the informtion. Use the following digrm to help you: Where n you work? Nme of the jo Where n you trin for this jo? Wht is it out? Speking 11 To tlk out jo nd professions we use the following lnguge. Prtise the dilogue in pirs. A: Wht do you do for living? Wht is your ouption? B: I m mehni. A: A mehni? Tht must e lot of work. B: It is. I fix rs every dy. A: How interesting. How mny rs n you fix dy? B: I n fix out 5 rs every dy, depending on how omplited the prolem is. 12 Tlk out jos nd profession using the following expressions in the onverstion. Self Evlution How would you desrie the perfet jo? Wht re the differenes of studying t tehnil ollege vs. studying t the university? 97

99 Lesson 3 Positive nd Suessful Pre-Reding 1 Mth the following words to definition or relted ide. Cn you predit the ontent of the text y looking t these words? profile n osion when someone does not understnd something orretly. suess the wy in whih two things or people re onneted. figure out short desription of someone s life, work, hrter, et. d requirement the hieving of the results wnted or hoped for. e reltionship to finlly understnd something or someone, or find the solution to prolem. f misunderstnding mking you feel hppy nd stisfied. g stisfying something tht you must do or something you need. PERFECT JOB BY PERSONALITY There re mny different personlity profile tests round nd if you tke one, they will lwys help you to reflet on who you re. It is importnt to keep in mind tht these tests should not e used to stndrdise ourselves or other people, or to mke people feel it s not possile to hnge; they n e useful to try to understnd importnt preferenes for intertion. Here re the nswers to some frequently sked questions: How importnt is personlity evlution in jo hoie? If you re thinking of professionl suess then personlity is n importnt ftor to onsider. Frequently, people hoose jo euse they wnt to do something while they figure out wht to do. The prolem is tht they my find themselves trpped in jo or developing reer they didn t like in the first ple. People who re suessful in their reers re highly motivted nd find their jos energizing. Their jo is not hore; it s hllenge. Could employers, who use personlity tests, stereotype pplints t some point? Yes, they ould. However, ompetent nd intelligent employers use personlity tests s one of the mny steps of the seletion proess. They lso use it to filter when they hve too mny pplints. If you knew ll the requirements for the jo you would e more suessful. Cn personlity ffet your new reltionships? Yes, it ertinly n. You need to identify the personlity of your supervisor/oss, relise how they understnd wht you sy nd how they ret to wht you do. If you did tht you would proly void mny misunderstndings tht hppen due to misinterprettions of your tions or intentions. Cn your personlity help you to e more suessful in new jo? Yes. Sure. Whenever you deide to hnge your jo, you hve n opportunity to strt your work life differently, finding something tht fits you etter. The first step is to understnd yourself nd find out wht mkes you relly hppy. If you went jo-hunting in these onditions you would find more stisftory jos s you would look for jo tht mthes your ompetenes, preferenes nd tlents. Adpted from Ogllo, G. (2013). Importne of Personlity Testing. Wisdomexhngetv.om. Retrieved, Otoer 28, 2013 from wisdomexhngetv.om/importne-of-personlity-testing/ 98 Unit 5

100 While Reding 2 Bsed on the informtion in the reding, mth the personlity trits to the jo tht est suits them. Below, write explntions for your hoies. ring ptient funny d demnding mgzine editor veterinrin teher ski instrutor d Post Reding 3 Red the Lerning Tip. Do you use ny of these strtegies to improve your reding? If you don t, prtie them now. Highlight t lest five hunks in the text. Time your reding of the text for the first time. Then re-red the text twie. Time yourself gin. Ws there differene? Red prgrph loud to your prtner. Ws it ler? Did it hve the right stress? Listen to your prtner now doing the sme. d Wht re your personl strtegies in order to improve your reding? Lnguge in Use If you knew ll the requirements for the jo, you would e more suessful. We use if sentenes to desrie situtions tht re imginry or unrel. Lerning TIP These re some flueny strtegies you n use to eome more profiient nd self-onfident reder. Phrsing: the ility to red severl words together efore pusing, s opposed to word-y-word reding. e.g., Reding hunks of informtion. Rereding: When students repet their reding, their mount of word reognition errors dereses, their reding speed inreses, nd their orl reding expression improves. e.g., Reding pttern-oriented ooks or texts. Prtie 4 Mth the olumns to mke if sentenes. My oss would fire me... If I hd tlent for musi... I would quit my jo... d If I hd to tke personlity test... e If I found myself trpped in jo I didn t like... f I would e very disspointed.. I would e rokstr. I would stop doing it. if I me lte to work gin. I would try to e s honest s possile. if I ouldn t find jo. if I hd to work overtime every dy. 5 Now omplete the following if sentenes using your own words. If I went jo-hunting If I hd my own ompny I would e millionire d If I hd prolems t work e I would tell my ollegue off 99

101 Pre-Listening 6 If you hd good jo, how would you keep it? Disuss with your prtner nd write down the three most importnt ides. While Listening 7 Listen to person giving dvie on how to keep your jo nd the words nd phrses you her. Listen gin nd hek....onsistently...mission sttement...good ttitude d...tke inititive e...hllenge yourself f... good reltionship with others g...ppreite h...net nd orgnised i...thnkful j...gossip k...rumours l...derogtory terms m...work without supervision n... good nd professionl reltionship. 8 Listen to the text gin nd tke notes on 5 piees of dvie you should keep in mind for future jo. Shre your ides with your prtner. Do you hve the sme dvie? d e Post Listening 9 Work in pirs. Bsed on wht you hve red nd herd in this Unit nd your own ides write letter to friend telling him/her wht you pln to do when you finish shool. Use the following digrm to orgnise your ides nd onsider the questions. Wht would you do to find out wht reer pth to tke? If you ould hoose n idel jo, wht would it e? Wht fetures of your personlity would you hoose to get jo? d Wht would you do t work if you needed to show tem work? My idel jo would e... Pre-Reding When I finish shool I... To find out my reer pth I would Look t the title nd sutitles of these texts. Cn you predit wht the texts re out? Shre your ides with your prtners nd hek: Do you understnd ll the sutitles? Use ditionry to help you. 100 Unit 5

102 While Reding VOICES OF NEW STUDENTS 11 Sn the texts refully. Rememer to use ll your reding skills nd highlight the min ides. Were your preditions orret? Whih were different? VOICES OF NEW MMXI STUDEN MOST IMPORTANT HARD JOB SKILLS Hrd skills re speifi nd the good news is tht they re ilities we n lern. These my e required in jo pplition. The following skills re found in 9 out of the 10 most demnding jos. No. 1 Critil Thinking: The proess of thinking refully out sujet or ide, without llowing feelings or opinions to ffet you. Try to identify the strengths nd weknesses of different solutions to prolems. No. 2 Complex Prolem Solving: Identifying omplex prolems nd revising informtion relted to figuring out options nd finding solutions. No. 3 Judgment nd Deision-Mking: Weighing the dvntges nd hllenges of the possile tions to hoose the ones tht fit the est. No. 4 Ative Listening: Being le to tully listen to wht the other person is sying, understnding without interrupting while speking nd sking questions or giving feedk s pproprite. Post Reding HARD AND SOFT SKILLS TO CONSIDER FOR A JOB 12 Write one thing you ould do to use eh of the following skills. No. 1 Critil Thinking: No. 2 Complex Prolem Solving: No. 3 Judgement nd Deision-Mking No. 4 Time Mngement:.... MOST IMPORTANT SOFT SKILLS Most jo reruiters vlue soft skills euse they n e s importnt s hrd skills. Some of the most ommon soft skills employers re looking for re the following: No. 1. Strong work ethi: Motivtion nd dedition to get the jo done no mtter wht hllenges ome long re some of the hrteristis of this soft skill. Doing the est work you n nd eing reful lso ounts. No. 2. Time mngement ilities: It hs to do with figuring out whih tsks need to e done first nd how le the person is to work on different projets t the sme time mnging time ssigned wisely. No. 3. Ating s tem plyer: A person with this skill is keen on working with other people in groups or tems nd will e oopertive nd tke the leder role when neessry. No. 4. Aility to ept nd lern from ritiism: If the person tkes ritiism s wy of lerning, then he will e le to grow etter s professionl. No. 5. Flexiility/Adptility: The person should e le to dpt to new situtions nd hllenges. Adpted from Doyle, A. (2013). Hrd Skills vs. Soft Skills. Aout.om. Retrieved Otoer 28, 2013 from qt/hrd-soft-skills.htm Self Evlution If I wnt to tell friend out n unrel or imginry sitution, I... I n express my ides through writing y using 101

103 Lesson 4 Exellene is n Attitude Pre-Listening 1 Disuss the following questions with your lss. Wht does it men to hve good ttitude? Do you onsider yourself person with good mnners? Why should you show oth good ttitude nd good mnners t jo interview? 2 Red the following fetures neessry for suessful jo interview. Whih of these fetures do you possess? Mrk them nd sk your prtners to find out if they think the sme. While Listening good ttitude eing lert, motivted nd enthusisti. Post Listening good mnners puntulity self-onfidene mking eye-ontt 3 Listen to jo interview nd deide if the following sttements re True (T) or Flse (F). Mr. Pérez hd worked t omputer ompny efore. Mr. Pérez knows lot out operting systems. Mr. Pérez is ompetent in uilding we pges. d Mr. Pérez speilizes in editing films nd video gmes. e Mr. Pérez thinks Adoe is something to et or drink. f The interviewer is going to onsider Mr. Pérez for the jo. 4 Listen to the interview gin nd omplete the missing informtion. Mr. Pérez worked for Smrt Computers for yers. The person for this jo should know out operting systems suh s Windows,, nd. The interviewer is looking for someone who is nd CSS vlidtors to nd mnge the wesite. d Mr. Pérez relly likes plying. 5 Work with prtner. Imgine you wnt the jo Mr. Pérez ws interviewed for. Rewrite the interview ording to this informtion. VACANCY ANNOUNCEMENT The ompny We Business is looking for n employee who fulfills the following requirements: Knowledge out omputer networks nd operting systems Skilled t HTML nd CSS vlidtors Experiene using Adoe Use the newspper d nd these sentenes to help you. Personnel Mnger: Good morning Mr/Mrs/ Miss... Let s strt immeditely. First of ll, tell me out your lst jo. You: Personnel Mnger: Ok, nd wht? You: I hve experiene with Personnel Mnger: Wht re? You: Role-ply the sitution with your prtner using the informtion from the ox in exerise 2 to help you improve the interview. 102 Unit 5

104 Voulry 6 Look t the following voulry. In pirs, tlk out pplying for jo in foreign ountry of your hoie. Think out how it might e different from pplying to jo in Chile. inquire: to sk out something. qulify: to e suited, to hve the neessry trining. pplition: form with questions you must nswer when pplying for jo. referenes: persons who n give informtion out someone else. CHECK THIS OUT! These re rel interview situtions. Wht do you think out these ndidtes ehviour? She wore n MP3 plyer nd sid she ould listen to me nd the musi t the sme time....nnouned she hdn t hd lunh nd proeeded to et hmurger nd Frenh fries in the interviewer s offie....sid he wsn t interested euse the position pid too muh. An pplint me in wering only one shoe. She explined tht the other shoe ws stolen off her foot in the us. 7 Look t the following sentenes nd use the pproprite form of the words from the tle in order to omplete them. reruit prmount overwork wit tles free time expenses insertion 8 John still hsn t een le to find jo relted to his field of expertise so he hs een t resturnt. I hve just strted working for this ompny nd my slry isn t very high so I n t relly fford. Jo in the field of psyhology is very diffiult euse there re lot professionls in the re. rtist Jos d e f I sw newspper dd tht sid ompny needed to employees. You should pply for it. The womn hd een for long time so she egn to hve helth prolems. It is tht you don t rrive lte for your jo interview. It doesn t projet good imge of yourself. Look t the following digrms. Comine words from the two digrms to form sentenes out personlity trits whih re NOT idel for speifi jos. Try nd use some of the words in the ox from exerise 7. e.g. Bysitters shouldn t hve short ttention spn euse it is prmount tht they re wthing the hildren t ll times. ysitter detil oriented professor ompny mnger slesperson ompetent short ttention spn Personlity Trits visul strutured d 103

105 Writing 9 Wht is the purpose of CV or resume? Hve you ever written your own CV? Whih re the hrteristis tht CV should hve? Use the model elow to tlk out writing good CV. Jun Plo Lemus Pérez Álmos Street Temuo Edution Lieo Ines Mtte Pérez Puerto Montt, Región de los Lgos Grduted Deemer Look t the CV refully nd write the desription for eh of the setions. Think out wht is importnt to inlude in eh. Is it the sme for every jo? Work Experiene 5/ /2012 Mehni Assistnt, Kuffmnn, Temuo, Región Aruní Prt time jo: Operted sh register nd hndled tools, r prts nd money. 5/ / 2010 Sles ssistnt, One: r prts, Puerto Montt, Región de los Lgos Prt Time jo: Assisted in r repirs, operted r repir mhines nd other r repir relted duties. 01/2009 4/2010 Jo shdowing, Dero, Puerto Montto, Región de los Lgos Every other week. Lerned from r mehnis duties nd r field relted duties. Skills Offie progrmmes user s mngement Holds English level B1 ertifite d Skills: Edution: Referenes: Work Experiene: Referenes Aville upon request 11 Design your CV now sed on the smple given. Self Evlution Imgine you re going to your first jo interview. Wht re the most importnt spets tht you hve to er in mind? If I n relte new topis nd words to my own life, it helps me 104 Unit 5

106 Review 5 unit 1 Write originl sentenes using the words given. regulrly CV personlity omptile rumours tehniin... d. e. f. 2 Red the following prgrph nd rewrite it in your own words. My first jo interview ws totl disster. The night efore, my phone died nd I woke up very lte. I didn t hve time to tke shower so I just threw my lothes on nd rn to the us stop. The drivers were on strike nd there were no uses on the street so I hd to tke. I rrived one hour lte nd the employer didn t wnt to see me. Next time I ll mke sure my phone is plugged in. 3 Cirle the orret hoie for reporting informtion. I work from Mondy through Fridy. i She sid she work from Mondy through Fridy. ii She sid she worked from Mondy through Fridy. I m omputer progrmmer nd I work t ICM. i He sid he ws omputer progrmmer nd he worked t ICM. ii He sid he ws omputer progrmmer nd he works t ICM. 4 Complete the following sentenes using if sentenes. If I get the jo t tht ompny, I I would quit my jo if If I ws the ompny mnger, I 105

107 5 unit Worksheets 1 Complete the sentenes with one of the words given. d pply for net nd tehnil d positive e jo f self - ttitude onfidene jo hunting orgnized reer Write six sentenes tht re true to you using ll the word groups. d e f dvie reruiters progrmmers susidized People who look for ndidtes for jo re. Shools tht re finned y prents nd government:. Something someone tells you s suggestion is piee of. Informtion tehnology involves jos like 2 Mth the olumns to omplete the word groups.. 3 Cirle the orret nswer. I n t onentrte. - I told her, tht... i I ould not onentrte. ii I ws le to onentrte. iii I would not n onentrte. You ve got nothing to worry out. - They told me tht... i you hd nothing to worry out. ii I hd nothing to worry out. iii I would hve nything to worry out. I elieved in Rihrd. - Her exuse ws, tht... i she did elieved in him. ii she hd elieved in him. iii she hd hd elieved in him. d I m n optimist - He sid... i he ws n optimist. ii he would e n optimist. iii he hd een n optimist. 4 Complete the dilogue with phrses in reported speeh. Be retive! A: I just went to jo interview, it ws rzy, the mnger sremed, Everyone hs to sty 3 hours extr! B: She relly sid? A: Yeh, unelievle, right? B: One my oss strted sreming like tht. A: I rememer you told me he sid B: Yeh, I m so hppy I found new jo sine then. A: We re luky, I ws tlking to my fther out the jo sitution when he ws younger nd he sid. B: I know! my mum lwys tells me 106 Unit 5

108 5 unit Worksheets 5 Complete the sentenes with your own ides. d e If I hd the hne to do it gin, I I would go k to shool nd get more qulifitions, if If I were you, I If you don t follow the reommendtions, I I would e le to uy new r if 6 Red the following sentenes nd write solution using if sentenes nd your own ides. e.g., She got fired from her jo. If I got fired from my jo, I would tke long holidys. 7 Look t the following newspper d from Government orgnistion. Imgine tht you wnt to pply for the position nd write text explining why you would e n idel ndidte. You must write etween 120 nd 150 words. JOB OPPORTUNITIES A Government orgnistion is looking for employees tht omply with the following requirements: Highly motivted Protive Net nd orgnised Flexile nd dptle Ale to work without supervision If you re interested in pplying to the position, send us your CV to: government@ orgnistion.org Bill doesn t like his jo. Pedro wnts to go to USA ut doesn t know English. Johnn wnts to get new jo. Alfredo didn t get the sholrship to study in Austrli. d Plo didn t qulify for tht jo. e My fther got fired from his jo 107

109 Projet 5 unit Interview 1 Look t the dvert. Whih jo would you prefer nd why? wnttowork.om Jo opportunities for students Are you student? Are you looking for work? We re looking for hrd-working, enthusisti people to fill vnies in: Servies: rs nd hotels Retil: shops nd petrol sttions Sles nd promotion Events: sports, musi festivls, tering nd stewrding Mystery shoppers We lso hve vnies in the voluntry setor nd for the summer holidys. 2 Deide with your lss nd teher how long you need to prepre this interview. Deide wht ruris nd riteri you will use to evlute the finl presenttion. Work in pirs. Red the dvert gin nd deide whih jo you re interested in. Red the questions elow nd nswer them with your own informtion. If you wnt, you n mke up some informtion. Chek the tips given in lesson 4 out jo interviews. d Tke turns with your prtner to sk nd nswer the questions moking jo interview. e Deide with your prtner who will e the interviewer nd who the interviewee nd prtie to present it to the lss. f While the rest of the lss presents, rememer to evlute ording to the greed ruris nd riteri. Contt us to find out more! Interview Questions Wht jo re you pplying for? Tell me out yourself. Why re you interested in this jo? d Wht re some positive ttriutes you hve tht re relted to this jo? 9 3 e Wht do you know out our ompny? f Wht would you prefer prt-time or full-time jo? g Wht motivtes you? h How well n you hndle pressure nd stress? i Why should I hire you? j Wht re your slry expettions? k Do you hve ny questions? 108 Unit 5

110 Listening My Progress 5 unit 1 Listen to onverstion etween Slly nd Pul nd irle the orret nswer. Slly s mum wnts her to. i eome n engineer. ii trvel round the world iii study rhiteture in Itly. Pul wnts to do n pprentieship euse i he htes the ide of going to university. ii he wnts to work nd lern t the sme time. iii his mum thinks it s good ide. Pul hs lredy spoken to i some plumers. ii n eletriin. iii some friends. Reding d e Slly plns to i tell her mum out her plns immeditely. ii give her mum different resons for deision to tke gp yer. iii explin to her mum tht she wnts to live permnently in Itly. Slly thinks her mother is i too strutured. ii not well orgnized. iii very hoti. Writing points /5 2 Write rief summry out wht you wnt to do when you finish shool. Use informtion from the Unit to do so. points /10 3 Red out the most demnding reers nd nswer the questions. Write sentenes desriing the skills needed for eh jo. TOP JOBS FOR THE NEXT10 YEARS. Computer Progrmmer: Developing new operting systems nd ommon ode ses hs llowed mny more industries to develop ustom softwre solutions. Environmentl Engineer: Environmentl engineers re responsile for studying, evluting nd mnging the hrmful effets of humn tivity on the environment. Networking Speilist: Different from trditionl omputer progrmmer, networking speilist is responsile for instlltion, onfigurtion, mintenne nd support of networks server hrdwre, network infrstruture, nd network operting systems. ESL/EFL Teher: Involves tehing students of ll ges whose first lnguge is not English, through the development of lnguge skills to ultimtely e le to ommunite in English. d Keep prtising Let s review Good jo! Brillint! points /5 109

111 6 unit Spending Time Together Reding nd Understnding Teengers reltionships during their shool yers. poem personl experiene Listening nd Understnding personl informtion personl experienes informtive messges song Speking give dvie interview lssmtes role-ply telephone onverstions Writing desription of sport out leisure tivities log 110 Living in Hrmony Understnding reltionships with friends nd fmily while respeting other ultures. Unit 6

112 Lesson 1 Going Out with Friends Pre-Reding 1 Answer the following questions. In pirs, ompre your ides. Wht n you see in the piture? Wht do you think is tking ple? Who re the people on the piture? d Why re they there? While Reding 2 Red the suheding of the rtile. In pirs, mke some preditions out wht the rtile is out. Wht speifi things re prents worried out? Wht reommendtions do you think the experts will give? Some prents re worried out their teengers reltionships during their shool yers. Here re few reommendtions from the experts. When teengers strt going out with their friends or dting, prents should never forid it. Experts onsider this to e the worst strtegy. Adults should try keeping open ommunition with their youngsters nd monitor their outings. However, if most of their time is spent going out with their friends nd not studying nd their mrks t shool re ffeted s result, prents should spek to their son or dughter openly to ddress the prolem. Mny prents think tht their kids friends re d influene on their own teengers. The experts sk them to onsider tht not ll the lme should e on the outsider nd to reflet on why their dolesents were ttrted to tht kind of ompny in the first ple. Experts gree tht the more hildren grow up, the more they serh for nd find prtners nd friends who hve similr interests nd ilities to their own. This is espeilly true for the girls who re more interested in their future. One teengers strt hving oyfriends or girlfriends, prents re not sure when to meet them. Prents should e ttentive to these situtions nd when they notie their kid s growing interest, tht is the moment to invite the friend to their homes. Experts sy tht helthy nd non-violent reltionships mong teens will help them to develop non-ognitive skills suh s ommunition, empthy nd negotition. These re ll skills they re going to need in the dult world they re out to enter. One lst thing to keep in mind: ording to reserh, if dolesents re le to dpt to their environment nd develop good reltionships with their peers during shool life, there re strong proilities of them hoosing prtner who will hve similr spirtions. Adpted from Mdsen, S. D. (2008). Prents Mngement of Adolesents Romnti Reltionships Through Dting Rules: Gender Vritions nd Correltes of Reltionship Qulities. Journl of Youth nd Adolesene Pp Post Reding 3 In your noteook, mke list of reommendtions from the rtile. 4 Disuss the questions in groups. Were your preditions orret? Wht do you think out the experts reommendtions? Wht do prents usully do in your region? 111

113 Writing Pre- Listening 5 Write n rtile (100 / 120 words). Give your prents dvie on how to t when meeting your oyfriend/girlfriend for the first time. Use digrm to orgnize your ides nd put the informtion in severl prgrphs. Step it up!s Do these words hve the sme or different mening in English s in Spnish? Find 5 more words tht hve the sme hrteristi. reltion populr result negtive dolesent These words re lled ogntes nd will usully help you understnd text. But e reful with the flse ogntes. e.g., Compromiso mens ommitment not to ompromise. Pronunition 6 Rewrite these sentenes with ontrtions. I do not like people who re egoentri. I would not go out on lind dte. I hve few friends nd they re like fmily to me. d I nnot see the point in speed dting. e It does not other me if my friends ll me ll the time. 7 Work in pirs. Sy the sentenes with ontrtions. 8 In pirs, disuss these questions. Wht kind of prolems do teengers hve? Hve you ever sked for dvie? Why/why not? Wht ws your prolem? While Listening 9 Listen to teengers sking for dvie. Wht re their prolems? 10 Listen gin nd omplete the sentenes. The first ller s friend is quite populr; he gets good nd he s very thleti. She thinks tht if she sks him out, it might ruin their. The seond ller is quite. d He n t sleep t night nd gets terrile. e The lst ller s rother doesn t ept from her. f She thinks her rother needs to more. Post Listening 11 Wht dvie would you give the teens out their prolems? Disuss in pirs. 112 Unit 6

114 SPEAK OUT! Giving dvie: You should/shouldn t It s good ide to... My suggestion/dvie is (to)... If I were (you, him, her) I d... Hve you tried + ver-ing...? Speking 12 Think of three prolems tht you or someone you know hs t the moment. Tke turns sking your prtner for dvie nd giving dvie. CHECK THIS OUT! Puli displys of ffetion (PDA) re ts of physil intimy in the view of others. Wht is n eptle disply of ffetion my e different depending on the ulture nd ontext. In some ultures people re offended y displys of ffetion in puli ples, suh s the street or prk. Some orgniztions even hve rules limiting or prohiiting puli displys of ffetion. Wht re your ountry s norms or lws on displys of puli ffetion? Pre- Reding 13 Wht do you think the expression fll hed over heels mens? While Reding 14 Red the poem. Wht do you think the title is? With prtner, give the poem title. I never dremed I ould love someone like you In my wildest drems did I think I d meet you But one sunny dy, you wlked into my life And I fell hed over heels in love with you I hd never een in love efore Until the moment I met you nd opened my eyes To ll those wonderful things in my life I thought my first love would lst forever. But here I m with my thoughts Gone re your smiles, gone is your love Wondering where you re now Wht is the ure for so muh hurt? Theres - 18 Post Reding 15 Disuss the questions with your prtner. Wht is the poem out? Wht is the est dvie for someone who hs roken hert s in the poem? 16 Mth the words nd phrses with the definition. in my wildest drems fll hed over heels lst forever ommons.wikimedi.org d the ure the remedy or something tht helps you reover never-ending unelievle e inftuted 113

115 Pre - Listening 17 Song: Boys Don t Cry The Cure Wht do you know out the nd The Cure? Whih type of musi do they ply? Are they populr mong teengers nowdys? Why/Why not? While Listening 18 Listen to the song. Put the words in the ox into the song. I pled would sy unkind I m sorry mind hiding sty grnted I would sy I m sorry If I thought tht it would hnge your () But I know tht this time I ve sid too muh Been too () I try to lugh out it Cover it ll up with lies I try nd Lugh out it () the ters in my eyes use oys don t ry Boys don t ry I would rek down t your feet And eg forgiveness (d) with you But I know tht It s too lte And now there s nothing I n do I would tell you Tht I loved you If I thought tht you would (e) But I know tht it s no use Tht you ve lredy Gone wy Misjudged your limits Pushed you too fr took you for (f) I thought tht you needed me more Boys don t ry Boys don t ry So I try to lugh out it Cover it ll up with lies I try to lugh out it Hiding the ters in my eyes use oys don t ry Post Listening 19 Listen gin. Wht is the messge of the song? Self Evlution How would you help shy friend sk someone out? When I red the poem on pge 113, I ws le to infer the mening y 114 Unit 6

116 Lesson 2 Pre- Reding Free Time! Reding is my fvourite hoy. I red t home, on the us, everywhere. Now I m reding rime novel, whih tkes ple in Sotlnd. It s the seond ook of trilogy nd is sed on true story. It s on the est-sellers list this month. 1 Red the questions nd disuss with your prtner. How often do you wth foreign films with sutitles? Do you ollet nything? If yes, wht? Do you prefer to trvel y us, r, tue or iyle? Why? d Where would you like to go this weekend? Why? e Wht do you like to do fter shool? Why? While Reding 2 Red the three extrts. Who is similr to you? Post Reding 3 Quikly sn the text nd find the words for... three people who work in the film industry series of three ooks two types of films d two words tht together men to our e synonym of fmous f group of people g type of novel 4 Complete the following puzzle using words from exerise 3. d I love going to the inem nd sometimes I rent DVDs. I relly enjoy omedies nd tion films. I hven t got fvourite well-known tor, ut I think Ken Loh is rillint diretor. I d love to e n extr in rowd sene in film. When I wnt to hve good time, I go out with my friends nd ply sports. I ve een plying footll on tem for yers. There s nothing quite like wthing live mth t the stdium, where you n feel the energy. The person in hrge of the whole film mking proess is the. The Lord of the Rings, written y J.R.R. Tolkien, is fmous. A person who prtiiptes in drmti prodution is lled n. d Hrry Potter is worldwide. It hs een trnslted to t lest 67 lnguges. 115

117 Pre-Listening 5 Look t the photos. Wht do you think the people re doing? Post Listening 8 In groups of 4, interview 4 lssmtes eh. Fill in the tle with the nswers. Nme Hoy? When? Where? While Listening 6 Ben is onduting survey. Listen to his results nd omplete the tle. Nme Hoy? When? Where? Annie Mrio Using the informtion from the surveys. Mke r hrt. e.g., Clss Survey Ruth 7 Listen gin. Answer the questions using your own words. Wht do Annie s prents worry out? Where does Annie wnt to go t the end of the month? Why is it diffiult for Mrio to go surfing? d Wht does Ruth tke photos of? e Ws Ruth s mer expensive? Speking sport rt musi literture other 9 Using the informtion your group gthered in exerise 7, present the results. e.g., We interviewed 4 lssmtes... We sked... The results were Unit 6

118 Writing 10 Red Jne s log. Wht is it out? Wht do you like out it? Wht would you hnge? Jne s Blog Sturdy, 28 Mrh Is there nyone out there? My nme is Jne nd I m seventeen yers old. I m in my finl yer of high shool. I wnt to study t university in the United Sttes, ut I need to get sholrship first. Jne s Blog Jne s Blog I pln to eome journlist so I n trvel the world; going wherever the news is. It seems like n mzing jo t the moment. The perfet omintion of my three pssions: writing, trvel, nd urrent events. So you never know, mye I will see my nme in hedline of ig news story one dy. I m rossing my fingers. I live in New Zelnd, whih is very fr from solutely everywhere - the middle of nowhere!! I love it, though, euse it s relly eutiful ountry nd people re lwys friendly. Tuesdy, 31 Mrh Bd news I got d sore on my mths test tody. I m little worried, ut I elieve tht everything hppens for reson. In ft, when I went to the shool guidne ounelor to tlk out my options, I met ute oy. I hope he sks me out sometime. Step it up!s Red the following tips. Disuss in pirs. The topi is importnt, ut so is the design. Your log must e ttrtive nd esy to red. Keep things simple with ler font nd white kground. You shouldn t mke log entries too long, nd you must use prgrphs. It isn t good ide to updte your log every dy euse your followers my get it ored of it. Mke it more interesting to red. You should e reful out wht you post on your log. Anyone with Internet ess n red wht you write. This mens your prents, tehers nd your employers if you work. Rememer there re some very unplesnt people using the Internet too. Mke sure you use the privy settings ville on your log to hoose who n red it nd who n write omments. Only give your URL to people you know nd trust. 11 Together with the teher rete lss log nd deide on list of topis (e.g., free time tivities, movies tht you like, ooks you re reding, urrent issues of the ountry) to write out nd pulish your entries every week. ommons.wikimedi.org Self Evlution Dotors, psyhologists nd other speilists sy tht vrying your dily tivities mke you hppier person. Do you gree or disgree with this sttement? Why? Finding words tht hve similr mening llows me 117

119 Lesson 3 Trvel Brodens Your Horizons Pre- Reding 1 Complete the questionnire. Hve you ever een on lind dte? Hve you ever done n extreme sport? Hve you ever sung in puli? d Hve you ever een lost? e Hve you ever strted onverstion with strnger? f Hve you ever eten strnge food? 2 Count your points ording to your nswers to question 1 nd find out how dventurous you re. No, I hven t nd I don t wnt to = 1 point No, I hven t ut I would like to = 2 points Yes, I hve = 3 points 15+ points 7-14 points 0-6 points While Reding You re very dventurous! You like to tke risks nd try new things. You enjoy eing with people who re similr to you nd you get ored esily. Be reful though don t do nything too dngerous! You re quite dventurous ut you re utious, too. You re interested in new things, ut t the sme time you lwys think efore you t. You re fun trvel ompnion. You like to sty with wht you know. And you like your home omforts. Don t worry there s nothing wrong with tht. They Do Things Differently Here Trvel rodens the mind, ut s experiened trvellers know, you need to djust your mindset to enjoy your trvels. Different destintions hve different ultures nd it is esy to mke rossulturl mistkes whih led to misunderstndings. A quik look t eting ustoms round the world highlights some typil prolems. Anyone expeting to hve dinner t 10 p.m. in the UK will find mny resturnts losing for the night. In ft, eting in someone s house n e just s prolemti. Chinese hosts n press guests to et nd drink more thn they wish, nd it is diffiult to sy no without using offene. Refusing offee in Muslim house is lso onsidered impolite. To void eing rude, ept the offee nd ouple of the refills: drinking n odd numer of ups is politer thn drinking n even numer. Be reful how you show your enjoyment of mel: even simple gestures n led to prolems. Joining the thum nd forefinger in irle might men OK in the USA, ut in Frne it n tully men zero nd in Jpn, money. Belhing fter dinner is sign of ppreition nd thnks in some Ari ultures, lthough in the UK this would not e tken s ompliment to the hef. Likewise, resting your elows on the dining tle is onsidered d mnners in Duth nd Russin homes lthough it is more eptle in some Mediterrnen ountries Quikly look through the text, find the informtion nd finish these sentenes Resturnts in the UK lose. Chinese hosts. Resting your elows on the dining tle is onsidered. d In the USA, thirteen is. e The olour red hs. Unit 6

120 Post Reding 5 In pirs or groups, disuss the rtile nd mke list of ulturl differenes etween Chile nd the ountries mentioned in the text using digrm. Writing Even numer nd olour ssoitions hnge from ulture to ulture. You will find tht Amerin hotels do not hve thirteenth floor, while in Kore nd Vietnm four is thought to e the unluky numer. Red, the olour of good luk nd fortune in Chin, is often ssoited with lood nd nger in mny Western soieties. For mny Europens, lk is the olour of sdness. However, for the Mssi people in Keny nd Tnzni, lk represents rin louds nd is very luky olour. So wht is the est dvie for trvellers fing ulturl onfusion? Perhps the most useful thing to rememer is the old prover: when in Rome, do s the Romns do. Be prepred nd enjoy your trip. 4 Sn the text to find the nswers to the questions. 6 Choose the orret option for the following onnetors. Some of these words n e used for different purposes. Put them in the orret ox ording to how they re used in the text. in ft likewise however lthough ut nd lso dds similr informtion dds ontrsting informtion 7 Write short prgrph out different ulturl spets tht you found interesting in the text. Use onnetors to join or introdue ides. Why should trvellers e wre of ulturl differenes? How mny ups of offee should you drink in Muslim house? Wht re the different onnottions of joining your thum nd forefinger? d Where is it eptle to elh fter mel? e How n trvellers void ulturl onfusion? 119

121 Voulry 8 Write prgrph using t lest 5 words from the ox. Use ditionry if neessry. ording pss gte ord rry-on deprture lounge flight hek in ommons.wikimedi.org Speking 9 Role-ply the following sitution in pirs. One of you is flying to Peru this morning nd the other friend is phoning to sk him/her where they re nd wht they hve done lredy. Choose Amerin or British English for your questions. Use voulry words form exerise 8. e.g., Hve you heked your gs? / Did you hek your gs? ommons.wikimedi.org Prtie 10 Complete the sentenes y irling the orret option. This ws lst minute deision, so / however we hd thought out it for quite long time during the lst yers. I ws wthing the telly nd / lthough they strted showing doumentry on Chile. Therefore / But I immeditely phoned my husnd nd sked him if he ould tke his holidys during the following month. d He me home tht evening with some shiny rohures lso / nd we st down to look t them. e We deided it ws time to tke long holidy, in ft / even, we hdn t hd one for severl yers. f The next week we were nerly set, the trvel gent hd tken re of everything, however / even the trnsfer from the irport to the hotel. g Hving ooked everything, our next step ws to hek if we needed ny shots nd / however, hek our pssports were in order. h We re very plesed to e going, likewise / lthough it is oviously going to e one of the most expensive holidys we ve ever plnned. 120 Unit 6

122 Pre-Listening 11 Look t the pitures. Cn you guess where the pitures were tken? Where do they use tht mode of trnsport? e Then we lled our trvel gent to see if we ould hnge our flights nd go home erly. It ws very diffiult time. We spent most of our time mking lots of phone lls nd not doing the things we hd rrnged to do. While Listening 12 Listen to Amli tlking out her holidy nd put the prgrphs in the orret order. Our Holidy Adventure Finlly, we got phone ll from our ntionl irline who offered to fly us home three dys erly. The wether hd een getting worse ll week, ut on our lst dy it ws terrile. Before getting on the plne, it hd een rining hevily ll morning nd the wind ws lowing strongly. When I ws wlking to the txi, I ws nerly lifted off the ground y powerful gust. I ws unelievly luky; I ws rrying my suitse nd the weight of it kept me on the ground. We rrived home sfely fter nine-hour flight. We didn t feel ompletely lm until we herd tht the hurrine hd voided the islnd nd ll the lovely people we hd met were unhrmed. The wether forest predited powerful hurrines for the lst dy on the islnd. My friends nd I were terrified. The first thing we did ws spek to our hotel mnger out the sitution on the islnd. He dvised us to return home efore the storm rrived. d I ll never forget my holidy in Cu. It ws time of ontrsts: fun nd fright, relxtion nd pni, sun nd rin. I hd gone there with my friends. We spent our time on mzing ehes, going to disos, nd eting deliious lol uisine. We hd een hving fntsti time until the end of the first week. Post Listening 13 Answer the questions in your own words. Why ws the Amli s holidy time of ontrsts? Wht hppened t the end of the first week? Wht did the mnger dvise them to do? d How did they get home? e Wht ws the est news? 14 In pirs, rete leflet with 4 reommendtions you must onsider when you re going to trvel nd while you re trvelling. Shre! Self Evlution By reding speifi text on topi (pge 119 for exmple), I n If I use linkers nd onnetors to express my ides, I will 121

123 Lesson 4 We Love Sports Pre- Listening Voulry 1 Do you know how to swim? Cn you rememer the first time you went swimming? In pirs, sk nd nswer the questions. When ws it? Ws it in the oen, lke or swimming pool? Who did you go with? d Wht hppened? While Listening 2 Listen to Alex desrie the first time he went swimming. Choose the orret options. eight / nine yers old drove / wlked to the lol puli pool relly worried / exited d the instrutor / my dd ws witing e I jumped / rn wy f my feet / my hnds didn t touh the ottom g I ws swimming / sinking h I ws splshing my rms / moving my legs i Someone pushed me down / pulled me up j exhusted / sred Post Listening 3 Write short version of wht hppened to Alex the first dy he went swimming. 4 Look t the digrms nd omplete with the sports from the ox. skiing judo go do tennis surfing volleyll sketll yling footll gymnstis hokey jogging skteording swimming liming krte ply yog golf 5 Complete the rules for using ply, do or go efore sport. i We use with ll sports. ii We use with sporting tivities ending in ing. iii We use with other sports. Using the vers from the previous tivity, write short prgrph out sports you hve prtised giving your opinion out them. 122 Unit 6

124 6 Listen to eh word. Put eh word under the orret gh sound. Pronunition British / Amerin pith field footll soer prtise (ver) prtie (ver) g sound (go) f sound (stuff) silent (high) Add two more words in eh olumn. Lnguge in Use Speking 8 Look t the pitures. Wht re they fmous for? Mke sentenes out these people using questions to hek informtion. Prtie your sentenes in groups. We dd question t the end of sttement to hek informtion. Cn you see pttern in how the phrses re mde? Explin. e.g., You re oming to the prty, ren t you? You ren t oming to the prty, re you? He n drive, n t he? She doesn t own r, does she? They will mping, won t they? d Prtie 7 Mth eh sttement with the orret question. You wnt to go skteording, Crlos loves surfing, Jogging is oring, d Teres didn t ply footll lst yer, e Everyody should do exerise regulrly, f He s fmous tennis plyer, don t you? isn t it? isn t he? doesn t he? shouldn t they? did she? d 123

125 Pre-Reding 9 Answer the questions in the sports survey. Post Reding 12 Look t the imges. Cn you explin wht they re doing in eh one? Wht is your fvourite sport? How often do you ply it? Do you enjoy wthing sports on TV? Whih fmous thlete do you dmire? d While Reding 10 Red the desriptions nd guess wht sports they re. This sport ws first developed in Englnd in the 19th entury. It is plyed y two tems of 13 to15 plyers. The mth is plyed outdoors on pith with gol posts t either end. The ojet of the gme is to run with n ovl shped ll in the plyer s rms ross the opponent s gol line or kik the ll through the gol posts. The plyers nnot pss the ll in forwrd diretion nd there re no time-outs. This is sport in whih plyer rolls hevy ll down wooden lne. The ojet is to sore points y knoking down s mny pins s possile. The erliest version of the gme ws seen in Egypt in 3200 B.C., ut the modern version ws developed in Germny in the mid-19th entury when ompetitive lus were reted nd it is now very populr ll over the world. 11 Indite words, phrses or sentenes in the text tht helped you deide wht sport it ws. Mth the nmes to the pitures. i ungee jumping iii sndording ii zoring iv osteering. Writing 13 In pirs, reserh out sport nd write desription of it in t lest 100 words. Inlude the following informtion: When nd where did the sport originte? How mny plyers? Where n you do this sport? (ourt, pith, trk, et.) How do you ply? Wht equipment do you need? In wht ountry is it populr? s STEP IT up! Find out wht extreme sport is populr in Chile nd where people meet to do them. Self Evlution A simple rule for rememering how to use question tgs is Three enefits of tem sports re 124 Unit 6

126 Review 6 unit 1 Mke list of three... expressions out love nd reltionships. things you do in the irport efore trip. sports tht end in -ing. d onnetors used to show ontrst. 2 How sporty re you? Complete the sentenes with the orret form of ply, do nd go. For letters e, f nd g, write your own sentenes using the vers. d e f g Do you prefer to yling or to krte? Cn you sketll? Whih is more exiting: to skiing or to snowording? Wht is the most dngerous sport you? 3 Complete the sentenes with the orret form of the word from the ox. torpssp keh ni retnuo erutrped egnuol gnidro ssp 4 Respond to the negtive questions with positive or negtive nswer. Don t you wnt something to et? (+). Weren t you t the prty lst night? (-). Isn t tht the est song? (+). d Wouldn t you like to do more homework? (-). e Doesn t tht ke look deliious? (+). 5 Finish the sentene with question. Tht prty wsn t d,? You d like to go to the eh,? Everyody went home erly,? d Your rother s going to go,? e They hven t een there efore,? 6 Explin wht is the differene etween the two sentenes to your prtner. d If you wnt to trvel rod, you need to hve. The first thing you need to do in the irport is go to the. You n wit for your flight in the. Before you ord the irplne, you need to show your. I ve seen tht film. I sw tht film lst week. They ve een going out for two yers. They went out for two yers. 125

127 6 unit Worksheets 1 Using the expressions from the text on pge 111, fill in the gps. Are you going to Diego? I think you would like him. You should go to the inem. I went on lst night with my ousin s friend. I hd never met her efore. I don t elieve in, euse I think you need to relly know someone efore you n fll in love. d Did you with Enrique lst weekend? Where did you go? 2 Fill in the gps with n dvie. I m relly tired. I I think they re too young. They If you wnt to feel etter, you d You n t lwys trust him. You e I filed ll my tests. I 3 Put the words in order to mke negtive questions Then respond with positive or negtive nswer. wht / her / didn t / her / you / she / sid /? (+). we / efore / met / / hven t /? (-). gol / eutiful / tht / wsn t / /? (+). d prtie / footll / don t / hve / tomorrow / we /? (-). e you / ren t / to / going / Vlpriso / weekend / this /? (+). 4 Give dvie for eh prolem. I ought new kpk ut the zipper is roken. My tooth hurts. I wnt to lose weight. d I m getting d mrks. e Cyling in the ity n e dngerous. 126 Unit 6

128 6 unit Worksheets 5 Using the words given, write sentenes out the pst. Jvier / Sntigo / lst week: Frn nd I / sine 2008: We/ projet / yet: d moile phone / June 2013 e rekfst / this morning: 6 Complete the text with words from the ox. pssport ording pss hek-in ord gte rry-on g luggge deprture lounge When you go to the irport, you first need to (). For interntionl flights, you re required to present your (), When you reserved your tiket, you proly got onfirmtion numer. The irline gent will sk if you wnt to hek() or if you only hve (d). You should hek your lrge luggge, ut you n rry smller suitses on the plne. The gent will then give you your (e) nd tell you whih (f) numer your flight leves from. Next you go through seurity. After tht you n uy ny lst minute souvenirs or hve offee in the (g) efore you (h) the eroplne. 7 Crete your own sentenes using the following onnetors. d e therefore lthough ut in ft even 8 Red the sitution. Write question to hek informtion. Fred doesn t look good. He looks sik. Kte is wering sweter nd it s very hot. Mrio is studying in Sntigo ut he s from Conepion. d You re very tired nd don t wnt to go shopping. e Plo isn t t the offie, he s proly on holidy. 127

129 Projet 6 unit A Holidy Trip with Purpose 1 Community Servie Volunteers (CSV) Spend time in the UK pro viding soil re to people in need: uni versity stu dents with disilities; wor king prents of hil dren with spe il needs; people in hostels for the homeless. Free food nd ommo d tion with weekly llown es. 2 Projet Trust Plement in twenty four destintions lsting full yer. Assignments rnge from running newspper in Nmii to working in the hildren s wrd of hos pitl in South Afri. 3 Summer Sports Help run hilden s sports projets in Afri nd Ltin Ameri: footll instrutor ourses nd professionl trining t golf, rugy, riket nd su demies. 1 Red the following dverts nd mth them with the photos. 2 In groups of four, rete projet tht you n do during your shool holidys. Choose one of the following topis: help ommunity in need. tke prt in n environmentl mpign. run sports mps. 4 Pln tour trip: trnsport housing mels Shedule 5 Present your projet to the lss. Use PPT presenttion inluding musi, sounds nd pitures. 3 Deide: Wht? Where? When? Why? How? Unit 6

130 My Progress 6 unit Reding 1 Red the desription nd nswer the questions. Where is Llndudno? Wht is speil out the lol people? Why ws Llndudno importnt to Lewis Crroll? d Wht n you do nd see in Llndudno? e Why does the writer reommend Llndudno? My fvourite ple is town lled Llndudno. It s on the Welsh ost etween Gret Orme, Little Orme nd the se. Llndudno hs long history s mining nd fishing town. It s fmous for its inredile Bronze Age opper mines. Visitors n see how the mining proess ws during tht time. In 1854, Llndudno eme seside resort for Vitorin tourists. Tody, it mintins its Vitorin uildings nd is still populr tourist town. The lol people spek two lnguges: English nd Welsh, whih is nothing like English. One of the most interesting stories out Llndudno is tht the writer, Lewis Crroll, spent some time there nd it s where he met his wife, Alie. He sed his most fmous ook, Alie in Wonderlnd, on his wife, nd some of the Llndudno senery is desried in senes of the ook. I relly reommend Llndudno euse there is lots to see nd do. Visitors n spend time on the eh sunthing, swimming or surfing. Hiking up nd skiing down the Gret Orme (on the dry ski slope) is nother possiility. If tht s too muh exerise, you n enjoy the views from Britin s longest le r system. Llndudno hs something for everyone. points /5 Listening 2 Listen to Mndy nd Alistir tlking out footll. Put Alistir s sttements in the order you her them. You will her the reording twie. d e Writing Both sides hd sored three gols. Liverpool nd AC Miln. Liverpool won the up for the fifth time. The mthes re oring these dys. Well the seond hlf ws rillint. points /5 3 Write prgrph out n tivity tht you do in your free time ( words). Use the questions to help you. Orgnize the informtion in t lest 3 prgrphs. WHY? With who? How often? ACTIVITY WHERE? WHEN? Sine When? points /10 Keep prtiing Let s review Good jo! Brillint!

131 7 unit Moving Forwrd Reding nd Understnding rtiles survey Listening nd Understnding personl refletion dvie Speking n interview tlk out sustne use nswer questions Writing n interview giving dvie Living in Hrmony Emphsizing the importne of helthy diet nd good hits to preserve our helth. Knowledge of the self, one s potentils nd limittions. 130 Unit 7

132 Lesson 1 I Feel Good! 1 Think of the lst 7 dys nd mrk the sttements tht re true for you. d e I exerised t lest one hour dy. I exerised t lest one hour during the lst weekend. I wthed TV for more thn one hour dy. I ws usy this lst weekend. I hd nothing to do this lst weekend. m I snked lot. n I te fst. o I te while wthing TV or plying on my phone. p I te smll ites. q I don t et unless I m very hungry. r I te until I felt full. f g h i j k l I hd utter, mrgrine nd /or myonnise in my mels. I inluded mny vegetles in my mels. I hd sugry food suh s ie-rems, kes, isuits, ndies, et. I hd fried food or oily food suh s sopipills, Frenh fries, fried hiken, on, et. I hd rekfst every dy. I skipped lunh. I hd dinner. s One or twie, I te fter I sw food spot on TV. t I just te euse I hd to. u I te euse I ws ored. v I te euse I ws md. w I te euse I ws sd, depressed or stressed. x I te lot in short period of time. y I felt I ws eting out of ontrol ut I didn t re. Speking 2 How mny of your nswers re d hits? Compre your nswers with your prtner. How mny re the sme? 3 Mke list of the food you hve eten nd tivities you hve done in the lst 7 dys. Disuss with your prtner whih food nd tivities in your lists ould e lssified s helthy. Food Ativities 131

133 Pre-Reding 4 In pirs, nswer these questions: How muh do you exerise weekly? How mny mels do you et dily? How muh do you snk? Do you like sugry food? Why? While Reding 5 Sn the text nd find the words from the list. Cn you infer the mening of the words in ontext? Chek with your prtners if they know the mening. If not, look them up in ditionry. i on the move ii verge iii onern iv mjor illness v inrese vi enhne With your prtner, predit whih of these words would e essentil to give the text mening. Why? Red the text refully nd hek your preditions in tivity 5. 6 Answer the following questions. d e f vii prevent viii diseses ix prorstinte x one in lue moon xi legumes xii in the long run Wht does reserh sy out Chilen teengers diet? Why ren t Chilen teengers exerising s muh s they used to? How is sugry food eoming prolem mong Chilen hildren nd teengers? Wht should the government do to help teengers hve helthier lifestyle? Nme two resons for leding helthier lifestyle. Whih of the tivities mentioned in the text do you tully do? A LIFE ON THE MOVE: LOOKING BETTER, FEELING BETTER Aording to some reserh done on Chilen teengers, proper nutrition does not ount s one of their priorities. Only 4% of them et well, 60% hve n verge nutrition nd round 36% do not et well t ll! A few yers go it used to e different ut lifestyles hve hnged. Currently, only 15% of teengers hve helthy lifestyle. Young people used to do regulr exerise ut this hs lmost een forgotten. With the rrivl of new nd more exiting tehnology, more time is spent on sedentry tivities suh s wthing TV, plying omputer gmes, surfing the net nd other relted tivities. Wht mkes the sitution worse is tht most of these sedentry tivities inlude food nd not just ny food: junk food. Another onern hs to do with the high mounts of sugr hildren nd teengers re onsuming these dys. Reserh hs shown tht round 50% onsume exessive sugr nd sugry foods nd drinks. If this ontinues, dietes my eome mjor illness for Chilen teengers in the next few yers. Some experts lim tht the government should e more strightforwrd with these prolems in shools y eduting nd informing prents, tehers nd teengers themselves so tht they eome wre of the prolem nd find wys to onfront it. But not ll is lost! You n still live life on the move, looking nd feeling etter y dopting n improved lifestyle. But the question is, why should you do it? You ll notie n inrese in your strengths nd energy. You will enhne your self-onfidene nd will feel more onfident in your ilities. You will e le to prevent oesity nd hert-relted diseses. You will lso e le to shre more qulity time with your friends nd even mke new friends. 132 Unit 7

134 Some tivities you n rry out with your friends (nd fmily too!) re s follows: join fter-shool sport progrmmes in your shool or neighourhood. try not to prorstinte. Prtiipte in your regulr physil edution lsses t shool. if your shool or ples you regulrly go to re not tht fr wy from home, then wlk or ride your ike. prtise the old fshioned wy, too. Mke hit of wlking up nd down stirs insted of tking the elevtor. Some tips for helthier nd etter life re s follows: e wre tht hips, sods, ie-rem nd ndies re high in ft, sugr nd slt. Try to onsume them only one in lue moon. enjoy fruit nd slds dily s they re full of essentil vitmins nd minerls vitl for our odies to e helthy. fish nd legumes re exellent for you. Fish ontins omeg 3 whih is exellent for the hert nd legumes re rih in fire. Hve them t lest twie week. try to respet mel time. Too muh snking eomes dmging in the long run. It n men eting more food nd eting more of the wrong food. on dys with more vigorous tivities, you n et more. On the other hnd, if you hve een seted or only doing moderte tivities, then you should et less. Alwys rememer tht physil tivity in whih you move your whole ody, helps you develop your ilities of oordintion, flexiility, lne, strength (inside nd outside) nd speed. Adpted from Aliménttesno (2012). Primer Reporte del Progrm Mi Fitook. Alimenttesno.om. Retrieved Otoer 28, 2013 from 9 Mth the word groups. proper regulr young junk self- hert mke twie will hve to d e f g h i i disese ii food iii nutrition iv new friends v exerising vi week vii people viii onfidene ix et less Post Reding 7 Write resons why you should or should not et the following food: hips, sods, ie-rem euse.... fruit nd vegetles euse.... snks whenever I feel like it euse Look t the following word groups tken from the text nd write nother one hnging the djetive only. e.g., Proper nutrition = helthy nutrition Helthy lifestyle: Sedentry tivities: Junk food: d Sugry foods: e Qulity time: s STEP IT up! Mke list of tivities you do tht re unhelthy. Compre with your prtner nd give eh other dvie on wht you should do to hnge your lifestyle. 10 Work with prtner. Go to gov/ nd reserh out the omponents of helthy mel. After you ve gthered the dt, present your results in pie hrt like the following: Work with prtner. e.g., 43% 27% 25% 5% 133

135 11 Explin your pie hrt to the lss. Use the food pyrmid to defend your mel. This hrt shows... The perentge of... The perfet mount of... The resons we hve... We ould sy... If person is le to... Their helth will e... Prtie 12 Mke sentenes tht re true to you with used to. I / live in flt when I ws hild. We / go to the eh every summer My friend / exerise/ in primry shool d When I ws ten yers old I e My mother f The person sitting next to me Pronunition Lnguge in Use To tlk out hit tht used to e ommon ut isn t nymore, we sy: Young people used to do regulr exerise ut this hs lmost een forgotten. I didn t use to like eting vegetles ut I love them now! Self Evlution 13 Listen to the following sentenes nd underline the words you her the speker emphsize. How n you tell if sentene hs positive or negtive ontent? Listen gin nd repet. Prtise with your prtner. But not ll is lost nd you n still live life on the move, looking nd feeling etter y dopting n improved lifestyle. Wht mkes the sitution worse is tht most of these sedentry tivities inlude food. Junk food. Wht strtegy would you employ in shools to help students e wre of wht helthy mel is? As you grow up your eting hits hnge, mke list of wht you used to or didn t use to et. 134 Unit 7

136 Lesson 2 Not Feeling So Well? Pre-Listening 1 Red the following list nd underline the ides tht sound fmilir to you. Compre with your prtner. Do you hve the sme? i depression ii d nutrition iii stress iv oesity v ngry ll the time vi lot of things to do vii in hurry viii psyhologist ix psyhitrist x eting hits xi physil tivity xii polite xiii smile k xiv Right now omfort Look t the list gin nd tlk to your prtner out the resons why some of these ides re losely relted. Shre your ides with the lss. While Listening 2 Listen to person give his opinion on how Chilen people re in regrds to their helth. How is this refletion similr to the resons you disussed in tivity 1? Tke notes! Listen gin nd hek. 3 Listen gin nd nswer the following questions. d e f Wht does the speker sy Chilens re eoming fmous for?. The speker sys, we need to do something out it. Wht does it refer to?. How does the speker desrie people feeling stressed out?. Aprt from the system, why should we lme ourselves for giving in to stress?. Wht resons does the speker give for the ody nd the mind to e tken re of eqully?. In your own opinion, how is politeness importnt for your helth?. 135

137 Post Listening 4 In pirs, rinstorm ides relted to nutrition tht onnet to the onepts or words elow. e.g., Bd nutrition: ftty food, junk food, too muh snking, et. Commitment Stress Fst Food lifestyle Good energy Lnguge in Use We use If sentenes to desrie situtions in the pst tht did not hppen. If we hd een more reful, we would hve prevented this from hppening. She would hve nswered if she hdn t een so usy. Cn you see its form? Cn you explin it? 5 Work with prtner. Mke sequene mp explining wht you would do to keep your ody nd mind helthy. Helth 7 Finish the If sentenes with your own ides. He would hve ome to the prty if ody Mind If I hd eten ll tht pizz, I Common ides If her grndfther hd gone to the dotor, he d e if would do more exerise every dy If we hdn t een so stressed, we 6 Disuss your sequene mp with your lssmte. Justify your ides. Use the onepts from tivity 4 in your disussion. Explin: Wht you re going to do Why you deided to do it How you intend to put this into tion When you re going to strt nd for how long you re going to do it. 136 Unit 7

138 Pre-Reding 8 Wht do you think re the min resons tht teengers go to the dotor? Mke list. While Reding 9 Look t the words in old. Wht re these helth prolems out? Skim the text to find out. TOP REASONS WHY TEENAGERS GO TO THE DOCTOR S OFFICE The most ommon helth prolems teengers suffer from re: Drug use: this experimenttion phse n led teenger to hve ontt with illegl drugs. Deling with this prolem is one of the most determining moments for teengers nd prents. Trffi idents: mny young people get injured or die eh yer in idents used y rekless driving nd lohol. Dietes: it n e inherited ut it is lso used y d nutrition hits. d Hypertension: the numer of teengers tht hve high lood pressure is inresing dy y dy. e Stress: due to hormonl nd psyhologil hnges during this phse, mny teengers re likely to suffer from stress whih leds to other physil pthologies. f Ane: this hppens silly euse hormones re dpting to the new dult ody. It n tke yers to eome lned gin. g Anorexi: the soil pressure for looking slim nd ttrtive drives mny teenge girls nd oys to lose exessive weight so tht they n fit into soil group. This dmges them not only physilly ut psyhologilly, too. h Oesity: this is minly used euse of d nutrition nd exessive onsumption of junk nd sugry food. The worst news is tht oesity rings other diseses long. i Sport injuries: these types of injuries re ommon mong teengers sine they re more exposed to high risk sports nd tivities t shool during this phse of life. 10 Whih of these prolems do you think you or someody you know is suffering from or is likely to suffer in the ner future? Why? Post Reding 11 Choose three of the ove prolems nd write prgrph giving prtil nd everydy strtegies to void them. Use your experiene or use informtion you hve red in ooks or the net, herd from friends or wthed on TV. Suggest how the people who hve this prolem ould try to improve their helth. Inlude voulry from the lesson, from pges 136, 135, 133 (lesson 1) nd if sentenes. Self Evlution If we teh hildren to love themselves nd love their odies, would there still e prolems suh s norexi, oesity, et. Wht do you think? If I hd notied these helth prolems, I 137

139 Lesson 3 Siene in Our Everydy Life Pre-Reding 1 Crete Spider Mp with your ides! Your entrl word is Siene. Wht words ome to your mind? While Reding 2 Red the following text quikly. Wht is the min ide? Dennis Sotlnd My urrent jo s journlist working for BBS Chnnel llows me to e in touh with mny people ll over the gloe. Telly hs hnged my life forever; I ws orn nd rised on smll islnd in the north of Sotlnd where we hd no running wter or eletriity! The ox hs llowed us to wth inredile events like the first steps on the moon, the Olympi Gmes, New Yers elertions, nd more. The invention of TV opened the door to ll the other udio-visul tehnologies. Nowdys, the world seems muh smller nd more onneted ple. Jun Felipe Argentin Just over 10 yers go, during the eonomi risis, lterntive trde mrkets ppered ll over the ountry, nd the trdition ontinues to this dy. In towns nd ities, people gther in the street or prk nd exhnge their produts with no money involved. You n find everything from home-grown vegetles to furniture to dentl re! I m prt of this lterntive wy of living. My fmily nd I grow herry tomtoes. We exhnge them for other food produts like pottoes nd rie. Living like this mkes me imgine world without money or onflit. This would men the dispperne of insurne ompnies nd nks, ut lso the eginning of friendlier world. Crol USA I led usy life s wife nd mum nd I lso hve prttime jo in lortory. As I m lwys on the go, I need help wherever I n get it. In my house, we hve tehnology tht helps with everything from mking up of offee to opening my grge. I n t think of life without ll these new inventions. I would never e le to enjoy time with my fmily if we didn t hve so mny household gdgets nd pplines helping to mke everything run smoother. Frniso Chile Growing up, we hd Nintendo, Super Nintendo, Ply sttion I, II, III nd now we hve Nintendo Wii. These produts re used mostly y hildren who don t understnd how frgile they re. So, when one of these so-lled toys mlfuntions, I ome to sve the dy. I strted out y fixing my dd s old rdio, then the VCR, nd then the DVD plyer. Now, I m studying to e n eletroni tehniin. I enjoy it nd I know there will lwys e something to fix. Adpted from Downie, M., Gry, D., Jiménez, J.M. (2011). In Ger. Oxford: Rihmond Pulishing. 138 Unit 7

140 Post Reding 3 Answer these questions in your own words. d Speking How hs television helped us understnd history? Wht would we do to otin food without money? How would our lives e different if eletroni devies suh s Nintendo or Nintendo Wii hdn t een invented? How do you think your grndmother mnged doing everything t home without ny household pplines? 4 In pirs, disuss the following questions: d e Do you gree with Jun Felipe? Why? Why not? Would life e hrder without your fvourite gdgets? Why? Why do you think the dispperne of money would e disstrous for nks? Cn you think of ny sientifi dvnes mde or invented in Chile? Wht is something you wish siene hd never developed or invented? Why? Lnguge in Use I wish / If only Sometimes I wish I didn t hve TV euse it distrts me. If only I didn t hve TV to distrt me. We use I wish nd if only to tlk out situtions we wnt to hnge. I wish I hd een orn with simpler lifestyle. If only I hdn t een orn in suh omplited lifestyle. We use them to express regrets out the pst. I wish tht money would dispper. If only money disppered. We lso use them to omplin out something/one else. Prtie 5 Complete the sentenes so tht they mke sense to you. d e She hs no money. I wish. Her friends hve gone on holidy. If only I. She didn t sve ny money for the holidy. If only. She spent ll her money on lothes. I wish. His mother won t give him more money. I wish. 6 Look t the pitures. In pirs, mke sentenes with wish nd if only. d

141 Pre- Listening 7 Look round your lssroom; Cn you see nything tht hs een sientifilly developed? Wht do you think the development proess ws like? While Listening 8 Listen to person tlking out siene nd how to understnd it etter. Chek the words you her. mirosope experiment knowledge proess reson disovering powerful relile glol mistke eletriity gdget modern mediine improve sientifi root explntion pplied surgeon overview revise tools oserve investigte septil mirohip evidene retively reserhers 9 Listen to the text gin nd write 3 resons why siene is so useful in our everydy lives. Shre your ides with your prtner. Do you hve the sme? Siene is useful euse: Pre-Reding 11 In pirs, sk nd nswer the questions. How long do you sleep t night? Do you think tht you get enough sleep? 12 Skim the rtile quikly. Where is it from? A fshion mgzine. A generl interest mgzine. 140 Post Listening 10 With your prtner: Disuss the following question: Wht do you think hs een the gretest omplishment of siene? Explin why. If you hd the oportunity to interview the person who omplished this invention, wht would you sk him/her? Mke list of ides for your interview nd then write the questions. Unit 7 While Reding 13 Red the text nd nswer the questions. Find evidene in the text to support your nswers. Wht re some experts now suggesting? Wht did nerly hlf the teengers tell the Denver reserher? Wht re the writer s onlusions?

142 Teens need sleep The wy we sleep hnges lot during our teenge yers. Mny teens hve the energy to ply omputer gmes until lte t night ut n t find the energy to get out of ed in time for shool. This my e more thn just lziness nd d ehviour. Sientists hve found out why dolesents love to lie in ed lte t weekends. They sy teen sleep ptterns re different from those of dults or hildren nd tht teengers don t get s muh rest s they need during the week. One prolem is shool strt times. Some experts re now suggesting lter strt to the shool dy euse teengers find it too diffiult to wke up erly in the morning. A reserh projet in Denver, Colordo, whih studied 729 young people etween the ges of twelve nd seventeen, found tht teengers need more sleep thn they my e getting. Nerly hlf of the people interviewed reported signifint dytime sleepiness nd mny needed dytime np. The projet suggested tht sleeping lte t weekends my e result of sleep deprivtion during the week. Dr Kthryn Reid sid, We found tht teengers sleep, on verge, 8.5 hours during the week nd more thn 9.5 hours t weekends. Other reserh suggests tht getting enough sleep is importnt for teengers euse it is while they re sleeping tht they relese hormone tht is essentil for growth. When teengers do not sleep enough, levels of the growth hormone re redued, nd teens strt to feel depressed nd unmotivted. So it seems tht teengers need more sleep thn oth hildren nd dults, ut tht they get less thn either. Not only tht, ut mny of the spets of teen ehviour whih dults find nnoying my e diret result of teengers not getting enough sleep. Tken from Downie, M., Gry, D., Jiménez, J.M. (2011). Trget B1. Oxford: Rihmond Pulishing. P. 46. Post Reding 14 Wht type of text is this? Explin your nswer. 15 Write letter to your prents telling them how report letter importnt it is for you to sleep nd wht is your n essy d n rtile ommitment in orgnizing your shedule to get enough sleep nd do ll your hores. Use the informtion from the text. Self Evlution There re few tehing methods whih elieve tht television prevents developing prolem solving skills. Would you gree with this? Why? Why not? Do you think tehnology ffets edution in positive or negtive wy? 141

143 Lesson 4 As Good As It Gets Pre-Listening 1 Disuss the following questions in groups. d Wht do you think re the est wys to sty helthy? Wht helthy things hve you done in the lst month? Wht unhelthy things hve you done in the lst week? Whih do you think is more importnt for your helth: eting well or sleeping well? Why? While Listening 2 Finish eh ide with your own informtion. Compre with your prtner. How similr re your nswers? d e Something good I ould do for myself is:. My fvourite food is: When I m very hungry, I et: To relx, I: Most of the time I sleep: hours dy. 3 Listen to n expert giving dvie on how to keep your immune system helthy nd mth ides from the olumns. Chek with your prtners. i Move your ody ii Wth wht you et iii Et less iv De-stress v Sleep irritility the size of fist nd help your hert get helthier get help vitmins, sefood nd fire is wht you need. i ii Listen gin nd omplete the sentenes. Avoid shortuts; tke the, wlk to shool if possile, nd try to your dog more. Get in the kithen. Try to et food or if you hve the hne, your own food! iii The wy is to keep your ody in shpe is eting. iv n ffet person s physil nd helth. v Alohol onsumption nd mels n lso interfere with night s sleep. 142 Unit 7

144 Post Listening 4 Wht words would desrie your eting nd exerise hits etter? Compre your nswers with your prtner. How different re your nswers? CHECK THIS OUT! Odd Fts out Siene nd Helth Drinking wter fster thn your ody n eliminte it n kill you. Whle wste is extremely vlule. It my look like rok wethered y the se, ut it is tully mergris whih, depending on ge, n sell for thousnds of dollrs. Tking out hlf of hild s rin seems not to ffet their personlity ut n prevent dngerous seizure disorders. soure: Lnguge in Use Prefix un + helthy = not helthy non + smoker = doesn t smoke Prefixes re dded to the of word to modify it or hnge its mening. Prtie 5 Mth the prefix with the menings. d e f g h supermrket nti-virus unrelisti underestimte ex-instrutor mirohip overet pro-sports i not ii very lrge iii former iv too little v ginst vi too muh vii in fvour of viii miniture 6 Mke five more words with the prefixes nd write sentenes with them. Use your ditionry to help you. e.g., Unhppy He is relly unhppy with his weight. When prefixes re dded to root words, the word stress sometimes hnges. Pronunition 7 Listen to the following words nd repet them. How is the stress hnged? i gree disgree ii regulr irregulr iii virus iv smoking ntivirus non-smoking Think of 5 other words tht hve prefixes. Prtise their pronunition with your prtner. 143

145 Pre-Reding 8 An pple dy keeps the dotor wy ; Wht do you think this expression mens? Is there similr expression in Chile? Shre ides with your prtner. While Reding 9 Red the following text nd underline or highlight key words nd phrses. Rememer tht key words re those tht give the text mening. Compre with your prtner. An pple dy keeps the dotor wy. Hve you herd of this sying efore? You proly hve, ut in the Spnish version. This sying refers to keeping helthier immune system so tht you don t get sik esily. Here you re some strtegies to hieve this: Exerise: Physil tivity helps to support the work of the lymphti system. The lymphti system is series of vessels nd glnds tht trnsport immune ells nd ollet wste produts from the ody. The lymphti system needs the ody to move to help trnsport immune ells nd ollet odily wste. Think Hppy Thoughts: Immunity hs very strong onnetion with the mind. Stress nd depression re known to lower immunity. It is importnt tht when one feels overwhelmed to find omfort with omfort phrses, or employing some relxtion tehniques. Usully little humour mkes things look esier, smile, lugh s muh s you n. Inlude more Colourful Vegetles in your Mels: Believe it or not, plnts hve their own immune system, known s photohemils. Photohemils re wht gives fruit nd vegetles their rih olours. The more oloured fruit nd veggies you et, the more immunity oost your ody reeives. Good hoies of olourful fruit nd vegetles re tomtoes, wtermelon, grpefruit, grpes, pomegrntes, lueerries, rrots, sqush, nd sweet pottoes. Fvour Aromti Hers: Aording to trditionl Chinese mediine romti hers strengthen your ody s hee energy. Aromti hers re grli, ginger, nd sllions. These hers help to open up sinuses nd they use light perspirtion whih helps you swet out ny flu. Adpted from Keogh, P. (2012, Autumn). Restoring your immune defene Nturlly. Helthy Life, 4, 4-6. Post Reding 10 Write prgrph expressing in your own words wht this text tells us out our odies. Inlude onnetors suh s lthough, however, even though, et. You must write t lest 100 words. Self Evlution Chilens do not et helthy or exerise regulrly. This is ft, ut it is slowly hnging. In the streets nd prks, more people re getting out nd moving. Wht do you think re the resons for this hnge? Give 3 resons. Wht type of words do you use to help you onnet ides? 144 Unit 7

146 Review 7 unit 1 Use your own words to write definiton for the following onepts: Irritility: d Helthy: Sugry: e Dependent: Mind: f Dietes: 2 Complete the text out hits tht were ommon in the pst. Use the words in the ox. e punish mke not et not show however spek tke wer lthough The Good Old dys () 1970 s is only little it more thn 40 yers go, life () very different. For exmple, nowdys, prents uy designer lothes for their hildren, ut my mother () lothes for me nd my rother. TV ws there, (d), there were only few hnnels nd they (e) rtoons during the week! Shool ws different too. We hd dress ode nd girls (f) skirts even in winter! It ws striter too. For exmple, only the tehers (g) in lss: we didn t sy nything. And homework (h) ges to do euse there ws no Internet or nything like tht. The food ws terrile. I (i) nything t the shool feteri euse it ws so disgusting, nd the tehers (j) me with detention euse I refused to et the food. 3 Mth the olumns to mke sentenes. If eletri power hdn t een invented, If hildren hd eten helthier, We wouldn t hve hd so mny wrs, d Children would hve plyed more outside, e If he hd een more reful, f Mri would hve een hppier, they wouldn t hve een struggling with weight prolems during dult life. if TV nd video gmes hdn t een invented. we would hve ppreited simple things in life. he wouldn t hve een injured in tht trffi ident. if money hdn t een invented. if he hd proposed to her efore. 145

147 7 unit Worksheets 1 Mth the ides. helthy junk on the d helth e d f mind nd food ody lifestyle move nutrition prolems 4 Now tht you re eoming high-shool grdute, look k into ll your shool yers; How muh hve you hnged? Use the vers from the ox to write true sentenes out you. responsile wre hte like orgnized study 2 Complete the prgrphs with the orret form of the vers from the ox help pss use to hve (x2) ontin do The life we hve tody is minly due to the work tht mny sientists long the yers. The disoveries nd inventions in mediine mny people to hve etter qulity of life. Other inventions like TV nd video gmes gret impt on hildren nd teengers ut s time d, they re eoming hrmful euse people re not exerising s they e. People f more weight prolems euse muh of the food they et every dy g high levels of sugr nd trns ftty ids. d e f 5 Using I wish nd if only fill the louds with ides. 3 Bd hits die hrd. Bsed on this expression, write nd illustrte n informtive leflet for dults inviting them to free themselves from their d eting hits or other. d 146 Unit 7

148 7 unit Worksheets 6 Complete the sentenes using the informtion given. d Sm tlks so fst tht they don t understnd wht he sys. They wish He doesn t like his jo. He wnts to find etter jo. He wishes Shool strts t 8:00 o lok, whih the hildren onsider too erly. The hildren wish She should never hve egun tht projet. She wishes she 7 Write the mening of the prefix. gin ginst too muh former in fvour of miniture not too little very lrge d e nti-wr ex-husnd mirohip overet pro-government f g h i rewrite superpower underfed unhppy 8 Write letter to mgzine editor telling him/her out your urrent lifestyle onerning helth nd nutrition nd wys you intend to follow to improve it. ( words) Use the informtion from tivity 5 pge 136. Der Editor, Sinerely, 147

149 Projet 7 unit Immortlity Sientists lim tht y 2045 immortlity ould e possiility. The ide is tht stem ells re extrted from your ody so tht sientists nd dotors n generte new orgns. This wy, you will e le to live longer, nd longer, nd longer... 1 Wht do you think out eing immortl? Do you like the ide? Wht do you think the disdvntges would e? Why/Why not? 2 Work in pirs or in groups of 4 nd prepre mgzine tht tlks out hieving immortlity. Do reserh nd inlude imges, questions nd nswers out the topi, quotes from experts nd other soures of informtion. Rememer to give you nd your prtners role in the projet nd to mnge your time wisely. Consider the following spets in your mgzine: i Nutrition ii Exerising iii Mediine iv Everydy prtil spets like housing nd friends. 3 When your mgzine is redy, you will hve to present it to the rest of the lss. Consider the following spets: d You will hve mximum of 5 minutes to present to the lss. Orgnise it so tht you tke turns to show your visul ids while performing or sk someone else. Tke re of pronunition nd intontion when performing. Spek loud nd lerly towrds the lss, so tht everyone hers wht you re sying Unit 7

150 My Progress 7 unit Listening 1 Listen to this rdio progrmme lled Siene World with Mrth Connolly s the host this week nd irle the orret nswer. d e Mrth Connolly is of siene mgzine. i photogrpher ii writer iii reserher iv n editor The trnsistor mesures nnometres. i fifteen ii fifty iii five hundred iv five thousnd The new trnsistor is: i ylindril ii flt iii vertil iv horizontl The new trnsistor hs. i no gtes ii one gte iii two gtes iv lots of gtes Mrth thinks the new trnsistor. i will never reple the old ones ii will reple the old ones immeditely iii will eventully reple the old ones iv will ontinue to exist longside the old ones points /5 Reding 2 Red the onverstion. Answer the questions. Dotor: Now, wht n I do for you? Teenger:I feel tired ll dy. Dotor: Are you eting properly? Teenger: Oh yes! I et lots of hoolte, risps nd other snks to keep me going. Dotor: You shouldn t et so muh junk food! Why don t you et more fruit or vegetles? Teenger:Mmm... Dotor:And how muh exerise do you do? Teenger: I wlk to shool! Writing Give two resons why the oy is tired. Write three suggestions to help the oy feel etter. points /5 3 Write prgrph out pst sitution tht you wish hd never hppened. Inlude sentenes using I wish / If only nd onnetors to orgnise your ides. You must write t lest 100 words. points /10 Keep prtising Let s review Good jo! Brillint!

151 8 unit The Prie of Progress Reding nd Understnding rtiles report poems Listening nd Understnding wether forest telephone onverstion Speking tlk out Chilen industries, exports, nturl resoures the environment hve telephone onverstion quiz Writing usiness emil n open emil to promote wreness Living in Hrmony Lerning out our own nturl resoures nd eing onsious of our nd other people s tions. 150 Unit 8

152 Lesson 1 Chile, Country of Contrsts Pre-Reding 1 Look t the pitures. Wht do they show out Chile? In pirs disuss wht you think the following mens: - sun urnt ountry - jewel se - se erd - mysterious kisses ommons.wikimedi.org While Reding 2 I love sun urnt ountry, A lnd of sweeping plins, Of rgged mountin rnges, Of droughts nd flooding rins. I love her fr horizons, I love her jewel-se, Her euty nd her terror - The wide rown lnd for me! -Dorothe Mkellr Tken from MKellr, D. (1993). My Country. My Country nd Other Poems. New York: Viking Press. P. 9. Night, snow nd snd mke up the form of my nrrow ountry, ll the silene is in its long line, ll the fom rises from its se erd ll the ol fills it with mysterious kisses. Like hot ol the gold urns in its fingers, nd the silver lights like green moon its hrdened form of gloomy plnet. -Plo Nerud Tken from Nerud, P. (1991). Disoverers of Chile. Cnto Generl. (Jk Shmitt, Trns.). Berkeley, CA: University of Cliforni Press. Pp Red the two poems out Austrli nd Chile. Whih one is out Chile? Wht similrities re there etween these two ountries? How re ountry s geogrphil fetures importnt for its progress nd eonomy? Post Reding 3 Do you know wht Chile produes nd mnuftures? Work in groups of 4 or 5. Look t the following list nd disuss wht you know out the vrious industries. Do n Internet reserh on the topis tht re less fmilir to you. - proessed slmon nd trout - petrol, fuel oils, nd lurints - Chilen wine - timer nd pulp - methnol - fishmel - opper wire - nitrte produts s STEP IT up! Serh the net nd mke list of t lest 5 griulturl rw mterils nd 5 mnuftured food produts in Chile exports. 151

153 Voulry 4 Mth the olumns to omplete the ides. minerl resoures griulturl rw mterils forestry d lol hllenges e dequte lour levels f proteted ountry Pre-Reding 5 While Reding 6 7 eulyptus nd pine wood energy nd wter supplies pples nd pers The Andes Mountins women opper refining In pirs, disuss the following questions: Wht do the words import nd export men to you? Do you know ompny tht does one of these two? Whih one? Red the texts quikly. These texts re prt of... report story iogrphy Red the texts gin. Answer the following questions: Whih res in Chile s industries re emerging? Wht ftors n ffet Chile s eonomi growth? Why re women mentioned in the text? d Why hs the food industry eome so suessful? Text 1: Chile s Industry Going to Chile does not only men enountering nie nd generous people ut lso gret rnge of nturl resoures. The industril setor minly onsists of lol minerl resoures eing exploited in vrious wys, griulturl rw mterils either mnuftured or exported diretly, nd forestry whih hs mde Chile world fmous. Although Chile is smll in re, its nturl resoures re undnt nd diverse. This inludes urrent industries like opper refining, nitrte produts, iron smelting nd steel prodution, oil refining, ement, hemils, timer nd pulp, furniture, nd vrious wood produts. Emerging res re the textile setors, lothing, nd the lether industry onentrted minly in the urn entres. Doing usiness with Chile hs eome very profitle. CHECK THIS OUT! Chile hs out 500 volnoes onsidered tive; 60 of them hve reorded eruptions in the lst 450 yers. Chile s lowest point: Pifi Oen (0 m) nd highest point: Nevdo Ojos del Sldo (6,880 m) Only 3% of Chile s lnd is rle, whih mens it n e ultivted for griulture. The driest desert in the world is the Atm Desert. 152 Unit 8

154 Text 2: Long-Term Outlook From my point of view, despite the eonomi trends in the rest of the world, generlly, Chile is doing well. However, we must e wre of the ft tht Chile fes some domesti hllenges tht ould slow its growth, suh s the effets of environmentl issues, like the provision of energy nd wter supplies. In ddition, low irth rte nd n ging popultion will ffet the future working fore not so fr in the future. I think we should find more effetive wys of mking progress without overusing our nturl nd sometimes non-renewle resoures. Text 3: Unemployment While employment levels hve een rising throughout Ltin Ameri, Chile hs hieved the est figure in the lst few yers. It is lso seeing signifint rise in the numer of women entering the work fore. Women re n importnt ftor to mintin dequte lour levels nd llevite shortges, lthough urrently less thn 40% of women prtiipte in the workfore. Lst yer Chile s unemployment rte dropped y 1.1%, rehing 7.2%, the lowest rte in 13 yers. Currently, the unemployment rte is 6.7%. While youth unemployment remins high, it lso fell few yers go. The regions showing the gretest employment inreses yer-on-yer re Los Ríos, Coquimo nd L Aruní. Text 4: Food Prodution Thnks to its length nd its mzingly diverse geogrphy, Chile s soil nd limte is optiml for produing wrd-winning food produts. Chile exports huge rnge of high-qulity food produts to pproximtely 150 ountries round the world. Due to the knowledge of Chile s frmers nd the top-end tehnology tht they use, the food industry hs fst eome the seond most importnt exporting re. Adpted from ProChile (2013). Why Chile. Prohile.go.l. Retrieved Otoer 28, 2013 from Post Reding 8 If you hd to promote Chile to foreign ountries, how would you do it? Mke spider mp with your ides. 9 With prtner, explin eh of your min ides. If you hve similr ides, tlk out the different detils you ould use to support them. Use the Spek Out! ox to help you. Here is n exmple of spider mp: Detil Detil Min Ide Min Ide Min topi or theme Min Ide Min Ide Detil Detil Sn the texts out Chilen mnufturing gin nd find 4 expressions with mke nd do. Write them down. Compre your nswers with your prtner. d SPEAK OUT! Tlking out fts. Aording to n rtile I red reently... I just herd tht... Did you know tht...? I d like to shre n mzing ft with you... I d like to present n interesting figure to you.. 153

155 Lnguge in Use Suffixes Crete new words y modifying the of the word. e.g., re + ful: reful (djetive) reful + ly: refully (dver) Vrious suffixes: -le -ile, -l, -il, -en, -er, -ful, -i, -ing, -sion, -tion, -ity, -ty, -less, -ment, -ness, -ly, -ive, -ous, -y, -ge ex.eutiful hotter orgnistion esily While Listening 12 Listen to person desriing the dvntges Chile hs s wine produer nd omplete the hrt. Geogrphy tht fvours wine prodution Climte tht helps produe orgni wine Advntges of the Pifi Currents in wine prodution 10 Add the orret suffixes to the following words to form nouns or djetives. The words n e found in the text. Mke new sentene using the word. e.g., employ: employment The employment levels in Chile re high. griulture: forest: len: d effet: e refine: Post Listening Pre Listening 13 Work with your prtner nd disuss the following, sed on the ides in tivity In pirs, sk nd nswer the following questions: Where re there vineyrds in Chile? Are there ny in your region? Why re they there? d Do you know nyone who works or hs worked in vineyrd? Two items Chile lredy produes or my produe in the future. How geogrphy fvours the prodution / mnufturing of these items. How limte my help the prodution/ mnufturing of these items. d Advntges of produing/ mnufturing these items. e Chllenges the ompnies my fe during the proess. Self Evlution Chile is known for its nturl resoures. Wht would you do to mke Chilens more wre of them? Wht lnguge would you use to sk foreigner out the nturl resoures in their ountry? 154 Unit 8

156 Lesson 2 Glol Trde Pre-Listening 1 Use your notes from lesson 1 to list 5 produts tht Chile exports. Wht do you know out import/export proedures? Whih re the min ports in Chile? Are there ny in your region? Put the following voulry under the orret tegory in the ox. ommons.wikimedi.org shipping gents freight ustoms ontiners wyills pking slip ship delre people ver douments ojets delre 2 Write the voulry from tivity 1 next to the orret definition. d e f g goods or produts tht re eing trnsported, rgo list of goods nd shipping instrutions; ill of lding offiils who ollet tx on imported goods someone who represents ship or ships t port to send or trnsport y lnd, se, or ir huge ox to hold goods for trnsport list sent with goods to show tht they hve een heked While Listening 3 Listen to the telephone onverstion etween Mri José nd the uyer, Glol Trde, nd nswer the following questions. Is Json onerned with hnges in shipping proedures? Whih proedures ould e ffeted y the new regultions? 155

157 4 Turn your pge to the listening sript from tivity 3 on pge 208 nd underline the following phrses. In pirs, disuss wht you think they men. Lerning TIP Don t e frid! Never e frid to try speking to other people, even if you ren t ompletely onfident. They will ppreite your efforts nd you might surprise yourself! Post Listening 53 Red the listening sript from tivity 3 on pge 208. In groups of 3, prtie the dilogue. Tke turns plying the different roles. 6 put someone through look over touh se hve grsp on something puts mind t ese do you mind? go hed let someone know Get together in groups of three. Imgine tht you re group of new entrepreneurs plnning to strt your own usiness. You need to ontt Chinese ompny in order to import your produts. Crete dilogue in whih you hve to negotite with the ompny. Prtise nd role-ply your dilogue together nd then shre it with the lss. Lnguge in Use Whih question is more diret? Wht is your nme? Could I sk you wht your nme is? By mking question less diret, it eomes more forml. Indiret questions re used when you re tlking to strngers or eing polite. Prtie 73 Chnge the first question into less diret question. e.g., Wht s the time? Could you tell me wht the time is? d Wht time does Wlmrt open?? Where re the toilets?? Is Miguel t work tody?? Where did we prk the r?? SPEAK OUT! Cheking Fts If you hve dout out something use these phrses to lrify: Let me get this stright. You men? If I understnd you orretly,... So you re sying tht...? ommons.wikimedi.org 156 Unit 8

158 Pre- Reding 8 While Reding 9 Define Glol Trding using your own words. Compre your definition with your prtner. Red the text. Wht n you infer out Chile s eonomi position? Give 3 ides. Chile nd Glol Trde Chile, like most ountries, hs wide rnge of nturl resoures within its orders. These nturl resoures re used oth internlly for mnufturing nd re lso exported in their rw stte. They ply lrge role in the development of the ountry, ringing in over US $80 illion in money nd investment every yer. Chile is responsile for more thn one third of the world s opper. It is lso one of the lrgest exporters of slmon in the world nd is the fifth lrgest glol exporter of wines. Along with minerls like silver nd gold, griulture nd forestry produts like pulp nd pinewood ring in illions of dollrs nnully. Its 21 trding rrngements with 58 ountries give Chile preferentil ess to mrkets enompssing over 4.2 illion onsumers. This gives Chile usiness opportunities for goods nd supplies s well s servies in onsulting, engineering, nd mintenne. In ddition, euse of strong domesti demnd in terms of oth investment nd onsumption, Chile lso imports pproximtely US$70 illion yer. Adpted from CORFO (2012). Mining Cluster in Chile. Retrieved from Post Reding 103 Disuss the following questions in groups of 3 or 4. Wht things do you own (shoes, moiles, et.) nd where do they ome from? Wht produts would you like to see imported into Chile? Why? Do you elieve tht there re ny negtive onsequenes to glol trding? If yes, wht? Wht other produts does Chile hve the potentil to produe nd export? Using your nswers nd ides, omplete the digrm elow. Exhnge informtion with your prtners. Do you hve the sme onlusions? for Self Evlution Glol Trding in Chile Common fetures ginst When you red: Chile is responsile for more thn one third of the world s opper. Wht omes to your mind? Would you sy tht this is positive or negtive for your ountry? 157

159 Lesson 3 Climte Chnge Pre- Reding 1 Red the title of the rtile. Whih of the words in the ox will the text ontin? dventure onferene disster experiments glol wrming holidy reserhers skiers sperft speies surfing thret tsunmi ie sheet 2 Skim the rtile nd hek. Were you right? Highlight the words you find. Do your lssmtes hve the sme nswers? Ie ould ollpse, sy sientists British sientists reveled new thret to the world t reent onferene out the environment. Reserhers from the British Antrti Survey (BAS) in Cmridge nnouned yesterdy tht huge Antrti ie sheet my e strting to melt s result of glol wrming. For severl yers sientists thought tht the West Antrti Ie Sheet (WAIS) ws stle. Now they hve lernt tht it hs strted to disintegrte nd ould eventully ollpse. If this hppens, se levels round the world will rise y more thn five metres. Professor Chris Riley, the diretor of the BAS, sid, After the previous United Ntions report on limte hnge our view ws tht the WAIS would not ollpse efore the yer This news hs ome muh sooner thn we expeted. It is rel onern. The former UK Environment Seretry, Mrgret Bekett, dded nother very worrying predition when she spoke t the onferene. Ms Bekett strted her speeh y sying tht it will e lmost impossile to prevent mjor dmge tht will e used y glol wrming over the next twenty to thirty yers. Sientists nd senior limte reserhers gree tht the level of glol wrming in the future will e enough to threten the survivl of mny eosystems nd wildlife speies suh s penguins. Tems from the BAS re rrying out experiments in remote prts of the WAIS, where they hve disovered tht ie is flowing into the se t the enormous rte of 250 ui kilometres yer. It is lulted tht this is rising glol se levels y 0.20 millimetres every yer. The ollpse of the WAIS would e disster. It would put lrge res of low-lying, extremely poor ountries suh s Bngldesh under wter, s well s muh of southern Englnd. An emergeny onferene hs een rrnged for next month to ring governments nd sientists together to disuss their plns. Adpted from British Antrti Survey (2008, 25 Mrh). The Antrti Peninsul s retreting ie shelves. Retrieved from Antrti Studies Unit 8

160 While Reding 3 Answer the questions. Who hs disovered tht the WAIS is melting? Wht did sientists use to think out the WAIS? Wht is Mrgret Bekett s opinion? d Wht effet will glol wrming hve on penguins? e How muh ie is entering the se eh yer from the WAIS? f Wht ould hppen if the ie sheet ollpsed? 4 Red the topi sentenes nd hoose whih one is the est summry of the text. Sientists hve disovered tht the West Antrti Ie Sheet is melting nd tht this ould flood mny low-lying ountries. Politiins hve disovered tht glol wrming nnot e stopped nd re very onerned. Sientists nd politiins gree tht the dmge used y glol wrming nnot e prevented. Lnguge in Use Advers e.g., The ie sheet ould eventully ollpse. Cirle the orret lterntive(s).. Advers re usully formed y dding / -ly/, /-est/ or /-er/ to n djetive.. They n modify nouns / djetives / vers or /other dvers.. nd n e one word / phrse. Prtie 73 Write the dver form of the following djetives nd rete sentene. possile possily It will possily rin tomorrow. sd ovious Post Reding 5 Find words or phrses in the text to mth these definitions: mde puli dnger t n unspeified future time d rek into smller piees e worry f stop g distnt / isolted h speed i inresing 6 Write prgrph using the words from exerise 5 explining the onsequenes of limte hnge. You must write t lest 100 words. very good (irregulr) extreme helthy ommons.wikimedi.org 159

161 Pre -Listening Post Listening 38 Look t the pitures. Mth the piture with the wether words in the ox. i fog smog flood d hurrine e torndo f hevy snow ii 11 Write n open emil to people telling them out the negtive impt we humns re hving on our nturl resoures. Use the exmple elow to help you. Der Friend, Did you know If you re out the Erth, you will wnt to improve it. Here re some prtil ides. Try to. Don t. If we. iii iv 12 In groups of 4, rete wether forest in whih you est represent your region. Reord it! v vi Pronunition 13 Underline the words tht hve the sme sound. While Listening 9 Listen to the wether forest. Put hek ( ) next to the pitures tht you her. d e 14 low wether flood ie sunny snow het ool wind humid Listen nd hek. showers hevy loose sky up elow eventully typhoon lightening thunder Listen gin nd numer the pitures in the orret order s you listen. CHECK THIS OUT! The southern prt of Chile is onsidered to witness the most mount of rinfll glolly. Unit 8 Pre- Reding 15 Disuss the following: Wht is the limte like in your re? Is it the sme in every prt of your ountry? Wht re the dvntges nd disdvntges of your lol limte? Wht kind of hnges hve you notied in the limte in reent yers?

162 While Reding 16 3 Red the first prgrph of the rtile. Nme t lest three negtive onsequenes of limte hnge. Over the lst few yers our wether hs oviously hnged nd it hs rought disster to mny ommunities. Reords show tht the verge temperture hs inresed y out 0.6ºC in the 20th entury. Although the plnet s limte is onstntly hnging, some sientists elieve tht the extreme limte events ould e result of humn tivity. Studies indite tht the inrese of mn-mde greenhouse gses in the tmosphere my use onditions like floods, storms, droughts, nd het wves. Furthermore, we re wre tht some speies on our plnet, suh s polr ers, re in dnger of eoming extint. Mny of us will not e live to see the more drsti hnges, ut our grndhildren will, unless we hnge our lifestyles. Therefore, sk yourself wht you n do to ensure tht they enjoy wht you enjoy in your life. Fts Climte Chnge How n YOU help? 1 Automoiles re the iggest soure of tmospheri pollution, ontriuting to 14% of the world s ron dioxide emissions. 2 At lest 90% of the energy onsumed y wshing lothes nd dishes is just to het the wter. 3 It tkes etween 24 nd 36 trees to sor the CO2 emissions from just one house. 4 Mny politil prties now mke it priority to omt limte hnge. 5 Buses nd trins re muh less hrmful to the ozone lyer thn plnes. 6 Typilly, the mount of eletriity omputer uses in: etween 65 nd 250 wtts, while TV n use up to 200 wtts. 7 One th n use up to 190 litres of wter. Adpted from Arher, D, nd Rhmstorf, S. (2010). Climte hnge so fr. The Climte Crisis: An Introdutory Guide to Climte Chnge. London: Penguin Books. Pp Red the fts stted in the rtile. Wht n e done to solve some of the prolems ssoited with limte hnge? Disuss in pirs nd mke t lest three suggestions. Post Reding Mth the following solutions to the fts out limte hnge. e.g., Plnt trees. 3 Wlk or ride ike or use puli trnsport. Fly less. Use old wter to len. d Put your omputer on stndy or swith it off, long with ll of your eletroni devies. e Choose to tke shower. f Vote green. Self Evlution Glol wrming is ig hin retion. The se rises, wter overs lowlnds nd drowns plnts. When they die, nimls lose soure of food nd hitt. The nimls who don t dpt lso die. As result, the eosystem is ompletely hnged. Follow the hin k to the eginning nd think of solution. Wht is the est wy to find the min ide of long reding pssge? 161

163 Lesson 4 Going Green Speking 1 With prtner, omplete the quiz nd disuss your nswers. Who tkes etter re of the environment? Are you Conlusions If you hose more thn or you need to think more out proteting the environment. If you hose more thn or you re more environmentlly friendly, ut you ould still improve. If you hose more thn or you re rel eo-wrrior. Keep up the good work! environmentlly friendly? Chek the things you do. 1 When I leve n empty room t night, I leve the lights on. don t turn the lights off if I m oming k soon. lwys turn the lights off. 2 When I finish with my omputer, I leve it on. put it on stndy. turn it off. 3 When tteries run out, I throw them in the in. put them in upord. tke them to e reyled. 4 When I hve wsh in the morning, I leve the tp wter running. fill the sin. hlf fill the sin. 5 I tke th every dy. th sometimes ut I prefer showers. showers. 6 I usully ome to shool y r. tke puli trnsport. wlk to shool. 7 If I were going to Mendoz, I would go y eroplne. us. trin. 2 Mth the opinions with the questions in the quiz. I don t think you should use so mny tteries. e.g., 3 I think ir trvel uses pollution. If I were you, I would tke showers. d In my opinion, we should onserve energy s muh s possile. e It s wrong to wste wter. f You should turn your omputer off when you finish using it. g You should wlk to shool. SPEAK OUT! Asking for lrifition I don t understnd. I m sorry, I don t follow you. Wht do you men? Cn you explin tht? Could you give me n exmple? 3 Work in pirs. Student A: Express the opinions in tivity 1. Student B: Ask for lrifition. e.g., A: I don t think you should use so mny tteries. B: I m sorry, I don t follow you. A: Well, tteries ontin hevy metls tht re dngerous for the environment. If you use tteries nd then throw them wy, these mterils n use pollution. 162 Unit 8

164 Pre- Reding 4 Do you reyle t home? Do you reuse your lothes or repurpose old items insted of throwing them wy? Give n exmple of how you re environmentlly friendly. While Reding Hve you seen the symol for the three Rs in Chile? If you hve, do you rememer where? A ommon prolem we fe tody is ruish, nd wht to do with it. Prtilly everything we uy omes in pkging whih we re fored to throw wy. In ft, the verge person throws wy their own weight in ruish every three months. For exmple, ottles, pper, rdord nd plsti, ould ll e reyled. People mke exuses for not reyling nd sy tht there re no reyling ontiners ner their homes. However, this is not true in mny ses. Ruish whih nnot e reyled is ininerted or uried; oth of these methods re d for the environment. Firstly, ininerting ruish produes greenhouse gses nd uses lrge mounts of energy. Seondly, urying ruish in lndfill sites produes pollution nd redues the qulity of life for people living ner the sites. In onlusion, wht n we do out ruish? The golden rule ording to environmentl groups is to redue, reuse, nd reyle. If we redued onsumption, we would produe less pkging. If we reused pkging like plsti gs, we would produe less ruish. If we reyled more, we wouldn t need to ury or ininerte so muh ruish. Adpted from Greening Prineton (2004). Top Resons to RECYCLE. Retrieved from 5 Red the rtile nd nswer the questions. Wht re the two most ommon methods of ruish disposl? Wht re the negtive onsequenes of ininerting or urying ruish? Bsed on the sttistis out the mount of ruish we throw wy, how muh do you, personlly, throw wy? d Wht re suggested solutions for the ruish prolem? Post Reding 6 Red the rtile gin nd underline the following linking words nd phrses. In ft For exmple However Firstly Seondly In onlusion 7 Write report on one of the following issues. Governments should do more to protet the environment. Young people n help the environment. Pollution is prolem in Chile. Look for informtion. Orgnize it using fishone orgnizer Write. Inlude linking words from exerise 6. Summry Who? Min Ide Wht? When? Where? How? Why? 163

165 Pre- Listening Post Listening 8 Imgine you sw this leflet in your town. Wht would your retion e? to find out more to support it to ignore it d to disgree with it 11 Choose the est sentene to summrise the girls position. It is esy to get to ollege nd new rod is not needed. Everyone should do more outdoor tivities like horsek riding. We n protet the environment nd rete new jos t the sme time. While Listening 9 Listen to teenger nd her grndfther. Who is in fvour of the ring rod nd who is ginst it? 10 Listen gin. Who mentions the following ides? Cutting down trees will destroy the town s environment. The new rod will mke trvel esier. It is esy to get round the town t present. d Constrution work nd rod uilding rete jos. e Outdoor tivities like horse riding re populr. f A new nture prk ould rete jos. g Progress is inevitle. h The mines were losed down. 12 Summrise the grndfther s position. 13 s STEP IT up! Choose n environmentl prolem nd disuss it with your prtner. drought ir pollution deforesttion wter shortge Crete slogn using the 3Rs: Reuse-Redue-Reyle. Now mke poster you n hng in your shool s wlls. Self Evlution In some ommunities in Sntigo, people leve their extr or unwnted items in the street on speifi dy so they n e olleted or re-used. Crete similr pln for your shool: Three different phrses to give my opinion re: 164 Unit 8

166 Review 8 unit 1 Orgnize the words from the ox y setting up the orret sequene to follow when importing or exporting produt. Use the sequene digrm. shipping gents freight ustoms ontiners wyills pking slip ship delre 2 Predit the wether. Write one sentene predition for eh: 3 Mth eh phrse with its mening. Is it oky? ontt revise d onnet i look over ii touh se iii do you mind? iv put someone through 5 Write words using the following suffixes. 4 d Using words from ox A + word from ox B, write sentenes. d e f g h ful tion le ile ment ness er ly A never slowly nerly hrdly oviously B redue pollution plsti gs reyle ruish 165

167 8 unit Worksheets 1 Add suffix tht est ompletes eh word nd opy n exmple from the ditionry. Using ll the words with the suffixes, write prgrph desriing your reltionship with the environment. Tke into onsidertion spets suh s reyling nd the use of eletriity. You must write t lest 100 words. Creful : Kind: Hed: d Polite: e Reltion: f Know: Prtie 2 Red the emil elow nd hnge the underlined words to the orret form. Dte: Jnury 3, 2014 From; Jimmy Chn To: [email protected] Sujet: Shipment 3 4 Write short definition of wht eh R mens. Give n exmple for eh one. Reyle Reuse Redue Complete the questions to form less diret ones. Wht does it sy? Could you tell me? When is the prty? Do you know? Is the nk open yet? Do you know? Hi Rod, How re things in Chile? I hope you re enjoying the wether this time of yer. Following our disuss, this is to onfirmtion tht we elieve tht we hve found the wyill for the 200 ses of Cs Silv Grn Reserv Cernet wine, ut the freight hs not rrivl yet. Cn you plese let me know the dte tht the ontiner ws shipping? Also, we reeived some inform out the regultion hnges. We elieve tht everything is eing mngement well. Looking forwrd to hering from you. Regrds, Jimmy 5 d Does Isidor hve the ook? Cn you rememer? Write one sentene on eh of the following topis sed on the informtion lerned in this unit. Things I n do to e environmentlly friendly. Chilen nturl resoures. Wht does Chile export? 166 Unit 8

168 8 unit Worksheets 6 Mth the topi sentenes with the prgrphs. d Deforesttion, or the lering of trees y ulldozers, hinsws nd fire, hppens very quikly. You might sk why ompnies re llowed to fell trees if they re so importnt. Environmentl groups like Greenpee nd WWF re working to sve the rinforest. The Amzon rinforest, often lled the lungs of the world, is under thret. Cn the lungs of the world keep rething? A B C D 15-20% of the forest, whih overs 5% of the Erth s surfe, hs een lost due to deforesttion. Studies estimte tht the forest ould e ompletely destroyed within forty yers. As the rinforest is so ig it mesures out 7 million squre kilometres it my not seem importnt tht some trees re ut down. However, the Amzon rinforest doesn t only ontin trees. There re 2.5 million inset speies, tens of thousnds of plnt speies, nd over 2,000 types of irds nd mmmls living there. The rinforest ontins 20% of the world s wter nd muh of our food nd mediine originlly omes from its plnts. Every seond, onend--hlf res of forest dispper nd this ffets ll forest life; 137 plnt nd niml speies hve eome extint nd the indigenous popultion hs een redued from 10 million people to 200,000. It is not only the people living in the nine ountries with tropil rinforest who re ffeted y deforesttion. As plnet, our iggest soure of oxygen is eing redued, while urning trees inreses levels of ron dioxide nd other greenhouse gses in the tmosphere. As 60-80% of logging work is illegl, it is diffiult to stop them. These ompnies ler the forest nd sell wood to the pper industry or to furniture mnufturers. One the lnd is lered, frmers use it to provide grzing for their ttle or to grow rops like soyens. Mining uses even more deforesttion ross lrge res of the forest. 7 Write the full nswers to the following questions in referene to the text. Why is the Amzon rinforest so importnt for the Erth? How quikly is it eing destroyed? Wht re the onsequenes of urning the rinforest? d How is the lered lnd used? e Wht re environmentl groups trying to do? They wnt governments to introdue proteted res nd ontrolled logging shemes to ensure tht only legl ompnies n sell wood. In ddition, their onsumer wreness progrmmes promote the use of reyled pper nd disourge people from uying furniture mde from rre, tropil wood. Sdly, pressure from environmentl groups is not enough to sve the rinforest; governments must e fored to tke tion too. Adpted from Arher, D, nd Rhmstorf, S. (2010). Impts of limte hnge. The Climte Crisis: An Introdutory Guide to Climte Chnge. London: Penguin Books. Pp

169 Projet 8 unit Dete 1 Look t the shool notie ord. Do you hve soiety like this in your shool? Deting Soiety The deting soiety invites students to our next dete. If you would like to join the dete, ontt the lu president, Toms Hll, y tomorrow fternoon. Topis: 1 2 The positive nd negtive effets of the mining industry in Chile. Is limte hnge nturl ourrene or is it eing enhned y humns? ommons.wikimedi.org 3 Does reyling relly hve n impt on the environment or should we e fousing on other issues? 2 Deide whih topi your group would like to dete. Then divide the group into the two sides of the rgument. The teher or one student will e nominted s the hirperson*. *A hirperson is the person who ontrols the dete y deiding who gets to spek nd mintining order during the dete. 4 5 The dete strts with eh side defining the min uses nd effets of the hosen issue. After the initil sttements, eh side tke turns to dete eh proposed point. 3 Brinstorm your rgument. Tke notes. Wht points re the most importnt? Wht is the use nd effet of the issue? Think of exmples to support your rgument. Mke sure tht you onsider the other side of the rgument, so tht you hve ounterrgument Unit 8

170 Listening My Progress 8 unit 1 Listen to four spekers nd mth them with the terms in the ox. There re two extr topis. plstis nd pkging reyling trffi food prodution wter shortges offie equipment Speker 1 Speker 2 Speker 3 Speker 4 Reding points /4 A Dngerous Time for Erth? There re resons to e optimisti out the future of the plnet, ut mny sientists wrn us tht the hnges will e for the worse. One exmple of negtive hnge is in the world s popultion. There re more thn 7 illion people on this plnet ut the popultion is projeted to grow to 9 illion y This inrese puts huge pressure on nturl resoures. The hllenge of feeding the growing popultion will e mde worse y seond mjor onern: limte hnge. Cron dioxide onentrtion levels re expeted to reh twie the pre-industril level y round A higher ron dioxide onentrtion mens more glol wrming nd greter hne of terrile nd irreversile dmge. A third possile negtive hnge is tht the humn lifespn ould e gretly extended whih ould use even further prolems. Wht 2050 looks like depends on the hoies we mke tody. Idelisti sientists, environmentlists, nd humnists n use the knowledge nd tehnology of the twenty-first entury to mke prudent nd ethil deisions, ut they should lso work on influening politis so the right hoies n e mde. Adpted from Arher, D, nd Rhmstorf, S. (2010). Avoiding limte hnge. The Climte Crisis: An Introdutory Guide to Climte Chnge. London: Penguin Books. Pp Answer the questions ording to the informtion in the text. Use your own words. Wht does the line humn lifespn ould e gretly extended infer? Wht hnges will we see y 2050? Does the text indite tht the world will e etter or worse ple in 2050? Writing points /6 3 Write mini report out Nturl Resoures. Use the report on pge 163 s guide. Linking words re importnt. Use the ones from pge 136 to orgnize your ides. Use round 50 words. Orgnize the informtion in t lest 2 prgrphs. points /10 Keep prtising Let s review Good jo! Brillint!

171 Answer Key Welome p.9 4 i speking; ii jelous; iii tlking to herself; iv to improve her English; v to feel more omfortle speking 5 i Why do you think speking nd writing in English is importnt? ii How does lerning English help us ess informtion? iii Does it help us ommunite with people in other ountries? iv Does it help us get etter jos? v Wht jos or progrmmes require people who spek English? vi Wht kind of informtion would you like to red or listen to? Unit 1 p.11 1 Frniso: trousers, tie, shirt Cmil: hoodie, nekle, errings, oots Jvier: ring, elt Sol: hednd, leggings, swetshirt 3 Tops: hoodie, swetshirt, shirt Bottoms: trousers, leggings Aessories: hednd, elt, tie Jewellery: ring, nekle, errings Footwer: oots p.12 6 stereotypes 7 i F ii F iii T iv F p.13 9 Hir: spiked, dyed, shggy Clothes: multi-oloured, ots, srves, shorts, gloves, er muffs, hts, turns, ggy, triners People: extroverted, reserved, old-fshioned, oring p i The girl in the piture looks younger, not older. ii The girl hs lk hir nd not red hir. iii The girl is texting nd not reding ook. iv In the kground you n see ig ity nd not prk with hildren plying. 16 He thought tht British people were very reserved, tht they dressed trditionlly nd te fish nd hips. These re ommon stereotypes of British ulture, ut Pul disovered tht they were inorret. p.15 2 The following sentenes must e underlined: the ulture of other ountries; other ultures re more interesting thn my own; every time I trvel; things out other ultures; I went to the USA s hild; Brits re very different people; I think this is hppening. p.17 5 omposes the melodies in the 1960 s their own experienes d guitr or pino 6 Chigo nd New York He trvelled in vn. He trvelled with his friend. d They slept in prking lots. p.18 2 Story 1: The Ghost Who Hithhikes Story 2: Keep Your Promise, Reeive Your Wish Story 3: A Hungry Best p.19 5 limed= lleged ondutor=driver not hnged=untouhed d report= desriptions e ome form=originted f seen=sighted 6 ut, when, so, nd p help me orrow it plese lend it d won t hve e I ll go upstirs p.22 2 i f ii iii iv e v vi d vii g p.23 4 were le to serhing for reveled to d seeking e return f ppered g grief h wept i spot j remin k spred l loom 5 The mn me serhing for gold. No. She died from grief. 170 Answer key

172 d Beuse when Aññu died, she eme flower in order to spred her love. p.24 9 ird: were, lern; er: ner, ler; ed: wept, red; tree: seek, me p.27 9 who/tht; tht; whih; d tht; e where 10 like listened d re plnning e hven t got p.29 f do you think g go h re i loses j tkes 1 As diverse. In the wy they dress, musi they listen to, nd the wy they enjoy themselves. Musi (The Betles), pus ( pint of eer), food (fish nd hips), London txis, the red uses nd telephone ooths, the Royl Fmily nd, of ourse, the BBC. d BBC. e Rdio nd TV populr entertinment progrmmes nd others of minority interests. 2 I ve known Pul for ten yers. I don t think tht he s een to Argentin yet. I strted plying omputer gmes t 10 o lok. d Were you studying t home lst night? Unit 2 p.31 1 lues, ht, indie rok, folk, hip hop 2 i Why, ; ii Wht, ; iii Who, ; iv When, ; v How mny, ; vi How, ; vii Whose, ; viii Whih, ix Where, p.32 5 iii iv ii d i 7 WOMAD s ojetive is to ring together nd elerte different forms of musi, rt nd dne from ountries nd ultures ll over the world. It lso offers workshops where you n tste or ook different foods, lern new dne steps or ply hndmde instruments. It is importnt euse it n help Cáeres to e nmed the 2016 Europen City of Culture. 8 iii ii iv d i p Where re you from originlly? When did you strting plying musi? Wht musi inspires you? Who is your fvourite musiin? How long hve you een performing? p Where is WOMAD held? Wht hppens t WOMAD festivl? Do the nds perform live? d How often do you go to onerts with your friends? e Are you fond of jzz? f Who is tehing you to ply the guitr? 12 Wht s; Where do you; How fr is; d How often do; e Who do; f How mny p.35 2 p.36 6 sky-high open-mouthed lown-like d rightly-oloured 8 well-known; rightly-oloured; open-mouthed; sky-high; goodlooking; old-fshioned; up-to-dte p.38 1 ii ii p.39 4 In Yes. In ountless lnguges. The lst dpttion used omintion of live tion nd 3D nimtion. d Reders n mke Alie grow or eome smller, throw drts t the Queen, mke the Md Htter even mdder or swing the rit s poket wth d 10 e 3 f 8 g 7 h 4 i 5 j 2 p.40 9 exiting interested disppointed d depressing e ored Answer key 171

173 10 i ii p.43 5 internet, to tlk out life, log, emotions, disply photos, pstimes, prents, e more reful, upset 6 meet up; post; nxious; d enourging; e snoop p.45 4 iii i vi d v e ii f iv g vii p.46 5 ut; nd; ut; d ut; e ut; f nd; g so; h nd; i so p.47 7 How muh...? wter offee time d money e homework How mny...? students rtists exms d ooks mrks 8 goes/got went rrived/ strted d plys/styed p d 5 e 3 Unit 3 p.51 2 n udiene rnge d join e divide 3 They ontin unsripted ontent sed on true events. p.53 7 ws mde re designed prtiipted d is eliminted e ws filmed p.54 9 get tthed-feel empthy; resoures-possiility; despise-hte; lk-don t hve; hrm-hurt; deserves-merits; purpose-ojetive 10 Speker 2 Speker 1 p.55 2 spie rk: ple to keep spies tht re used in the kithen to snek up: to go lose to someone quietly so they don t see you Dvid: fmous sulpture y Mihelngelo the press: the people who work in the medi (TV, newspper, mgzine, et.) spies: powders with strong tste or smell used in ooking to hnge mind: to hnge opinion out something 4 A 1; B 6; C 3; D 5; E 2; F 4 p.56 6 i C; ii D; iii A; iv B p.57 9 Der Sir I m writing We would like d I look forwrd to hering from you e Yours fithfully p.58 2 food produts 4 iii ii p.60 7 worksheets sugry diry foods d onsumers 8 ws, pst simple ws eing used, pst ontinuous ould e, future possiility d hs reently een shown, present perfet 9 Young sports strs like Rfel Ndl re eing hired y lrge ompnies. The future of dvertising will e hnged y the Internet. The deision hs lredy een mde y the diretor. d The new dvert ws eing filmed in the prk y the rew. e Very young hildren should not e trgeted with unhelthy produts y ompnies. 11 ii ii iii d i e ii p /s/ prents: tehers, purhse, misleding, rodst /z/ used: dvertise, knows, ws, is, hs, present, used, ritiism p.62 5 rsh: n ident ld: young mn end in the rod: urve liene: doument tht gives you the right to drive skid: the tion when vehile stops suddenly nd slides unonsious: not wke setelt: sfety devie in r p.63 9 Relly? Wht Hppened? Go on 10 Asking for informtion Wht hppened?; So wht did she do? Ehoing- Sreming? Enourging the speker to ontinue-go on 172 Answer key

174 Using djetives nd exlmtions- Yeh Asking for lrifition- No, wht?; Wht do you men? 12 did do wthed d hd seen e hdn t you seen f espes g hd urnt p i f ii iii iv v i vi h vii j viii d ix g x e p.65 4 tsk liene setelt d spies e trie e dvertising g perform h rodst p.66 1 Footll is plyed everywhere. He lost some money. The rmy reognizes tht mistkes were mde. d A letter ws sent to prents. 2 setelt winner performer d stuorn e pperwork 4 end liene ld d skid e rsh f setelt p.67 6 forml letters, with, yours fithfully 7 Forml letters: (opening) Der Ms Hennessy, Der Sir or Mdm, To whom it my onern (within) I found our meeting most interesting, did not (losing) I look forwrd to hering from you, Plese do not hesitte to ontt me gin, Best wishes Informl letters: (opening) Der Viky, Hi Slly (within) Thnks for, didn t, It ws gret to see you (losing) Let me know, Love from, See you soon. p ws lening e written tke ple d were eting e hd died Unit 4 p.71 5 whisper tlk ry d rgue e sy goodye p.72 9 i iii p tke prt in wiped out set up d doing wy with e get up 12 set up get up tke prt d do wy with p don t might not might d hve to 16 YouTue: Why Use It? 17,, e p.75 1 hndheld touh downlod d hedphones e rehrgele tteries f keyord g messge 4 iii i iii d ii p.76 6 m not le will you e le will e le 9 in the ner future everyody will e using one. moile phones n e used in emergenies. who live in isolted res s well. d Besides, we n use even the hepest moile phone for different tsks. e You n tke photogrphs nd send them to friend, too. f I would sy tht moile phones re very useful gdgets. p To mke dditions: lso, nd, s well, esides, in ddition, wht is more, too To give resons nd onlusions: first of ll, seondly, in onlusion To give opinions: I think, I would sy p.78 3 Anxious when not onneted to the net, spend too mny hours surfing the net, not sleeping enough. p.79 4 iii i i d ii p.80 6 d e 8 In ourse for pensioners She likes to ht She needs to e reful out getting too ddited to the Internet. p ii iv viii d vi e iii f vii g v h i p.82 1 will will will d won t e will f will 2 ir onditioning ontt lenses Answer key 173

175 d mirohip, lood pressure e sightseeing tours 3 snning devie will let you in solr pnels on the roof speil ontt lenses will strem imges from the Internet d personl virtul representtion of yourself lled n vtr will ttend work e sightseeing tours, shopping trips rod, Sieri, Antrti, outer spe p ir onditioning ontt lenses d mirohips e lood pressure f sightseeing tours 6 wind sreen youth hostel d lip stik e shool g f urglr lrm g pen knife h sun glsses i pedestrin rossing j lrm lok p.84 9 Sientists re reserhing how to link your rin to tehnology devies. Through your mind. Rehilittion from strokes nd understnding rin disorders. p.85 1 Corret:, d 2 A: I wnt to uy the ltest smrt phone B: Relly? My sister hs it. A: How does it work? B: She told me the system is too slow. A: Mye I should wit until the next model omes out. 4 i prtiipte ii something smll enough to e held in your hnd iii rise iv something le to e rehrged v smll mhine iv someone tht ts on good judgment p.86 1 lrm lok is different from shool ell, one is used in the house nd the other exlusively in shools sightseeing tours show tourists the most fmous spets of ity trffi jm is when there is lot of trffi, r rsh is when two rs hit eh other. d Trffi lights give diretions to rs, street lights illuminte puli spes. e Mirohips re in ellphones nd omputers, hoolte hips re in ookies. 3 I might not uy digitl rdio. My moile phone ouldn t e roken. He might not orrow my tlet. d My prents might not uy me gme onsole. p.87 5 hve to don t hve to hve to d hve to e don t hve to f hve to g hve to 7 to hnge something to suit different onditions smll devie with prtiulr purpose giving your opinion out something or someone d to ommunite with e something tht mkes you understnd there is possile dnger p.89 2 Domesti roots will do ll the oring jos Roots will do the dngerous jos. Jos suh s dotors, pilots nd sientists. d We won t e le to ontrol them. e Roots will destroy the humn re nd possily the entire plnet. Unit 5 p.91 4 To do something else tht is useful, to mke more friends nd to ern money for free time expenses. How to fill out n pplition, how to interview well, how to work responsily, nd how to get long with oworkers nd superiors. They my hve less time to sleep, exerise, nd spend time with their fmilies. p.92 7 i etter employility; ii profit mrgin; iii edutionl institutions; iv onnetions with ompnies; v tehnil ssistne; vi good insertion; vii dependle nd ompetent 8 Compnies re reruiting people who n fix nd progrmme engines euse they re inorporting utomtized mehnisms tht need mintenne. Beuse most ompnies need to work with omputerized networks. p.93 9 iii; i; ii; d vi; e v; f vii; g iv p i; ii; i 174 Answer key

176 p.95 3 He retes gmes interfes. Hollywood films nd Will Smith movies. Yes, he plys t home nd from his ell. d Mostly Spnish nd speks English when he needs ommon lnguge to ommunite with people from different ntionlities. 4 Musi, sk punk, HxC, ike riding nd footll when he hs time. Ltest tehnology. Working extr hours. d FPS (First Person Shooter) gmes nd online gmes like: Quke live, Cll Of Duty, nd now I ply Bttlefield 3. e A mster s degree in USA nd ern etter slry. f Prt of everyone s life. g Look for jo tht rings joy to your life. p.96 5 ii; i; ii 6 The reporter sked Emilio if Behviour ws Chilen ompny. The reporter sked Emilio wht his future plns were. The reporter sked Emilio if he used English outside his work. 7 Legl: Legl Servies Mnger Energy: Eletri Opertions Mnger, Explortion Mnger Mining: Mine Engineer Tehing: Professor Informtion Tehnology: Business Anlyst, Development Mnger Bnking: Business Administrtor, Consultnt Engineering: Eletril Engineering Mnger, Field Engineer p.98 1 Profile: short desription of someone s life, work, hrter, et. Suess: the hieving of the results wnted or hoped for. Figure out: to finlly understnd something or someone, or find the solution to prolem. d Requirement: something tht you must do or something you need. e Reltionship: the wy in whih two things or people re onneted. f Misunderstnding: n osion when someone does not understnd something orretly. g Stisfying: mking you feel hppy nd stisfied. p.99 4 My oss would fire me if I me lte to work gin. If I hd tlent for musi, I would e rokstr. I would quit my jo if I hd to work overtime every dy. d If I hd to tke personlity test, I would try to e s honest s possile. e If I found myself trpped in jo I didn t like, I would stop doing it. f I would e very disppointed if I ouldn t find jo. p onsistently, good ttitude, hllenge yourself, good reltionship with others, ppreite, net nd orgnized, gossip, rumours, work without supervision, good nd professionl reltionship p T; F; F; d F; e T; f F 4 5 yers; M OS X nd Linux; skilled t HTML; d omputer gmes p witing tles; free time expenses; insertion; d reruit; e overworked; f prmount p ii; i p reruiters; susidized; dvie; d progrmmers 2 pply for jo; net nd orgnized; tehnil reer; d positive ttitude; e jo hunting; f self-onfidene 3 i; ii; ii; d i p i; ii; ii; d ii; e i Unit 6 p I don t like people who re egoentri. I wouldn t go out on lind dte. I hve few friends nd they re like fmily to me. d I n t see the point in speed dting. e It doesn t other me if my friends ll me ll the time. 9 She s too shy to sk her friend out. He s stressed euse he strted going to new shool. She wnts to help her rother ut he lwys gets ngry. Answer key 175

177 10 mrks; friendship; stressed; d hedhes; e help or dvie; f relx p unelievle: in my wildest drems. fll hed over heels: e inftuted. never-ending: lsts forever. d the remedy or something tht helps you reover: the ure. p mind; unkind; hiding; d pled; e sty; f grnted; p tor, diretor, nd extr; trilogy; omedies nd tion films; d tkes ple; e well-known; f rowd; g est-seller 4 diretor trilogy tor d est-seller p Annie: listening to musi; often; on the us, t home, doing exerise Mrio: skteording nd surfing; in the evenings, one week; prk, eh Ruth: photogrphy; weekends; in the ity 7 They worry out her sfety t onerts nd going to onerts. To the Gret Bnd onert. It depends on the wether. d Buildings in ity entres, nd her friends. e Yes. p Cross-ulturl mistkes n led to misunderstndings. An odd numer. OK in the USA, zero in Frne, money in Jpn. d Ari ultures. e When in Rome do s the Romns do. 6 Adds similr informtion: in ft, likewise, nd, lso Adds ontrsting informtion: however, lthough, ut p however; nd; Therefore; d nd; e in ft; f even; g nd; h lthough 13 It ws mix of good nd d things. They egn to worry out the wether forest. Go home efore the storm rrived. d They flew home 3 dys erly. e The storm hd voided the islnd nd the people they hd met were unhrmed. p eight; wlked; exited; d the instrutor; e jumped; f my feet; g sinking; h splshing my rms; i pulled me up; j exhusted 4 ply: volleyll, sketll, footll, hokey go: surfing, jogging, skteording, swimming, yling do: gymnstis, yog 5 ply; go; do p g: ghost f: ough, lugh gh: eight, thought, weigh 7 don t you?; doesn t he?; isn t it?; d did she?; e shouldn t they?; f isn t he? 8 Usin Bolt, thlete; Lionel Messi, soer plyer; Mihel Shumher, re r driver; d Seren Willims, tennis plyer p rugy; owling 12 iii ii i d iv p go, do; ply; go, do; d hve done 3 pssport; rrive; hek in ounter; d deprture lounge; 4 Yes, I do; No, I wsn t; Yes, it is; d No, I wouldn t; e Yes, it does 5 ws it?; wouldn t you?; didn t they?; d isn t he?; e hve they 6 I ve seen tht film. We use present perfet to tlk out life experienes. I sw tht film lst week. We use pst simple to tlk out events tht hppened in the pst t definite times. They ve een going out for two yers. This tion strted in the pst nd will perhps ontinue into the future. They went out for two yers. They re not together nymore. p d; ; e; ; 176 Answer key

178 p sk, out; lind dte; love t first sight; d go out with; 3 Didn t you her wht she sid? (+) Yes I did. Hven t we met efore? (-) No we hven t. Wsn t tht eutiful gol? (+) Yes, it ws. d Don t we hve footll prtie tomorrow? (-) No, we don t. e Aren t you going to Vlpriso this weekend? (+) Yes, I m. p hek-in; pssport; luggge; d rry-on g; e ording pss; f gte; g deprture lounge; h ord p It s on the Welsh ost etween Gret Orme, Little Orme nd the se. The lol people spek two lnguges: English nd Welsh, whih is nothing like English. Lewis Crroll, spent some time there nd it s where he met his wife, Alie. d Visitors n spend time on the eh: sunthing, swimming or surfing. Hiking up nd skiing down the Gret Orme (on the dry ski slope) is nother possiility. e Beuse Llndudno hs something for everyone. 2 4; 2; 5; d 1; e 3 Unit 7 p Chilens hve poor / d nutrition. They spend more time wthing TV, surfing the net nd plying video gmes. Dietes my eome mjor prolem s hildren nd teengers onsume exessive mounts of sugry food. d They should diretly reh prents, tehers nd teengers themselves to work out the prolem. e Suggested nswers: Exerise more nd hve lned diet. p Shouldn t, they re high in ft, sugr nd slt. Should, they re full of vitmins nd minerls. Shouldn t, we n et more food thn we need or the wrong food. 9 f i; d ii ; iii ; g iv; v; h vi; vii; e viii; i ix p The tone of voie tells us if the ontent is positive or negtive. p Bd nutrition nd mentl illness. Bd qulity lifestyle eoming n epidemi. Alwys in hurry nd in d mood. d Beuse we hve negleted our eting hits nd physil tivity. e By exerising the ody, the mind produes good energy. The ody is losely tied to the mind. p Illnesses nd idents tht mke teengers need dotor. p The text inludes different refletions on how tehnology nd siene hs mde n impt on our lives nd their wishes. p It hs shown us historil moments in imges tht otherwise we would never hve een le to witness. Exhnge goods nd servies. We would hve simpler lifestyle. p mirosope, knowledge, proess, disovering, powerful, relile, glol, eletriity, modern mediine, improve, sientifi, explntion, pplied, overview, tools, oserve, investigte, skeptil, evidene, retively Experts suggest tht shool should strt lter. They reported tht they were sleepy during the dy nd even needed dytime np. Teengers need more sleep thn wht they re getting. p d p i Move your ody nd help your hert get helthier ii Wth wht you et. Vitmins, sefood nd fire is wht you need. iii Et less. The size of fist. iv De-stress. Get help. v Sleep. Irritility. i stirs, wlk; ii homemde, ook; iii est, less; iv stress, mentl; v hevy, good Answer key 177

179 p.143 Lnguge in Use: eginning 5 ii; v; i; d iv; e iii; f viii; g vi; h vii 7 i gree, disgree; regulr, irregulr; iii virus, nti-virus; iv smoking, non-smoking p Although used to e used to mke d however e didn t use to show f used to wer g used to spek h used to tke i didn t use to et j used to punish 3 If eletri power hdn t een invented, we would hve ppreited simple things in life. If hildren hd eten helthier, they wouldn t hve een struggling with weight prolems during dult life. We wouldn t hve hd so mny wrs, if money wouldn t hve een invented. d Children would hve plyed more outside, if TV nd video gmes hdn t een invented. e If he hd een more reful, he wouldn t hve een injured in tht trffi ident. f Mri would hve een hppier, if he hd proposed to her efore. p helthy lifestyle; junk food; on the move; d helth prolems; e d nutrition; f mind nd ody 2 hve done; hve helped; hve hd; d psses; e used to; f re hving; g ontins p They wish he tlked slower. He wishes he found etter jo. The hildren wish shool didn t strt too erly. d She wishes she hdn t egun tht projet. 7 ginst; former; miniture; d too muh; e in fvour of; f gin; g very lrge; h too little; i not p iv; ii; iii; d iii; e iii 2 His diet is not very helthy nd he wlks to shool. He should et more fruit, vegetles nd do more exerise. Unit 8 p Different regions of Chile. 2 The seond poem. p minerl resoures, opper refining; griulturl rw mterils, pples nd pers; forestry, eulyptus nd pine wood; d lol hllenges, energy nd wter supplies; e dequte lour levels, women; f proteted ountry, The Andes Mountins 6 report 7 food prodution nd textile industry; environmentl ftors, low irth rte; more women re joining the workfore; d tlented frmers nd exellent tehnology used p to mke fmous; do usiness; do well; d mke progress p.154 Lnguge in Use: ending 10 griulturl; forestry; lener; d effetive; e refining 12 Geogrphy tht fvours wine prodution: the nturl rriers, inluding the Andes Mountins, Atm Desert, Ptgonin ie fields. Climte tht helps produe orgni wine: the nturl rriers nd the Mediterrnen limte. Advntges of the pifi urrents in wine prodution the limte hs ooling effet. p people: shipping gents, ustoms ver: delre, ship douments: wyills, pking slip ojets: freight, ontiners 2 freight; wyills; ustoms; d shipping gent; e ship; f ontiner; g pking slip 3 No, he isn t. ustom proedures for the ontiners nd freight. p Do you know t wht time Wlmrt opens?; Cn you tell me where the toilets re?; Do you know if Miguel is t work tody?; d Cn you rememer where we prked the r? p onferene, disster, experiments, glol wrming, reserhers, speies, thret, ie sheet 178 Answer key

180 p Reserhers from the British Antrti Survey (BAS). Tht the ie sheet ws stle. Beket thinks it will e lmost impossile to prevent mjor dmge used y glol wrming. d The existene of the penguin speies re thretened. e 250 ui kilometers yer. f A disster: some res would e flooded (under wter). 4 5 reveled; thret; eventully; d disintegrte; e onern; f prevent; g remote; h rte; i is rising 7 sd sdly; ovious oviously; very good very well; extreme extremely: helth helthy p i e; ii ; iii ; iv hevy snow; v hurrines; vi floods 9 showers, snow nd fog 10 showers, snow nd fog 13 low, snow, elow; wether, het, hevy; ool, loose, typhoon; d ie, sky, lightning; e sunny, up, thunder p Greenhouse gses my use floods, storms, droughts, nd het wves, nd some speies re in dnger of eoming extint. 18 1; 5; 2; d 6; e 7; f 4 p ; 7; 5; d 1; e 4; f 3; g 6 p throw wy, reyle; produe greenhouse gses, using lrge mounts of energy, nd urying ruish produes pollution nd redues qulity of life; d reyle, redue onsumption, reuse pkging p The grnddughter is ginst the ring rod nd the grndfther is in fvour. 10 Girl; Grndfther; Grndfther; d Grndfther; e Girl; f Grndfther; g Girl; h Girl 11 3 iii; ii; i; d iv p refully kindness hedhe d politeness e reltionship f knowledge 2 disussion, onfirm, rrived, shipped, informtion, mnged 4 Could you tell me wht it sys?; Do you know when the prty is?; Do you know if the nk is open yet?; d Cn you rememer if Isidor hs the ook? p d; ; ; d 7 The destrution of the Amzon rinforest hs hrmful effets on the environment. It ontins millions of insets, plnt speies, irds nd mmmls tht live there. The rinforest ontins 20% of the world s wter nd mny of our food nd mediines originlly ome from the forest. Every seond, lmost one hetre of forest disppers nd this ffets ll forest life. Burning trees inreses levels of ron dioxide nd other greenhouse gses in the tmosphere. d Frmers use it to provide food for their nimls or to grow rops nd mining uses even more deforesttion ross lrge res. e To introdue proteted res nd ontrolled logging shemes to ensure tht only legl ompnies n sell wood. They lso promote the use of reyled pper nd disourge people from uying furniture mde from rre, tropil wood. p Speker 1: plstis nd pkging; Speker 2: reyling; Speker 3: trffi; Speker 4: wter shortges 2 people will live longer not enough nturl resoures, food srity, limte hnge nd possily glol wrming, 9 illion people on erth worse p freight, wyills, shipping gent, ontiner, ship, ustoms, pking slip, delre Answer key 179

181 Grmmr Referene Unit 1 PRESENT SIMPLE Use: Hits Fts, generl truths Routines Affirmtive: I/you/we/they + ver infinitive I get up t 7:00 o lok every morning. He/she/it + ver + s/es She gets up t 7:00 o lok every morning. He wthes TV fter shool. Negtive: I/you/we/they + don t + ver infinitive They don t work muh t the ftory. He/she/it + doesn t + ver infinitive He doesn t work muh t the ftory. Interrogtive/Question: Do + I/you/we/they +ver infinitive +? Do you ply video gmes on weekends? Wh+ do + I/you/we/they + ver infinitive +? Wht do you do on weekends? Does + He/she/it + ver infinitive +? Does she ht with her friends on Feook? Wh+ does + He/she/it + ver infinitive +? Where does she go fter shool? Signl Words: every dy/week, sometimes, lwys, often, usully, seldom, never, first... then PAST SIMPLE Use: Ation finished in the pst Ation hppened in the pst Pst event Affirmtive: I/you/we/they/he/she/it + ver in pst (2nd olumn of vers) I went to prty lst night. He te ig hmurger t the resturnt. Negtive: I/you/we/they/he/she/it + didn t + ver infinitive They didn t trvel euse of the d wether. She didn t rrive to shool on time. Interrogtive/Question: Did + I/you/we/they/he/she/it + ver infinitive +? Did you do your homework? Wh+ did + I/you/we/they/he/she/it + ver infinitive +? Wht did he sy out the pln? Rememer: Mny vers hve irregulr pst forms. Refer to the ver tle. Signl Words: lst...,... go, in 1990, yesterdy CONDITIONAL: Zero Use: to tlk out things whih re lwys true; suh s sientifi fts nd generl truths IF CLAUSE (CONDITION) If + present simple If you het wter t 100 C, If the sun rises in the est, MAIN CLAUSE (RESULT) present simple It oils. it sets in the west. CONDITIONAL: 1st Use: For rel situtions. Possile ondition nd its prole result. IF CLAUSE (CONDITION) If + present simple If you study, grde in the test. If you mke mistke, MAIN CLAUSE (RESULT) will + infinitive ver you will get good no one will notie. RELATIVE CLAUSES Use: To give dditionl informtion out something without strting nother sentene. To mke text more fluent nd void repeting ertin words. Who Whih Whih Whose Whom Tht Defining Reltive luses Non- Defining Reltive luses Reltive pronoun Sujet or ojet pronoun for people: I told you out the womn who lives next door. Sujet or ojet pronoun for nimls nd things: Do you see tht guy next to the door? Referring to whole sentene: He didn t elieve in Chuprs whih surprised me. Possession for people nimls nd things: Do you know the oy whose girlfriend hs tttoo? Ojet pronoun for people, espeilly in nondefining reltive luses: I tlked to the guy whom I met yesterdy. Sujet or ojet pronoun for people, nimls nd things in defining reltive luses (who or whih re lso possile): I don t like pierings tht re ig. Give detiled informtion defining generl term or expression. Defining reltive luses re not put in omms. Do you know the girl who is tlking to Tom? Give dditionl informtion on something, ut do not define it. Non-defining reltive luses re put in omms. Jim, who we met yesterdy, is very nie. Rememer: Who s, who is or who hs is not the sme s whose. Who s tht oy? He is John. Whose penil is this? It s Jenny s. 180 Grmmr Referene

182 Unit 2 QUESTIONS WITH AND WITHOUT AUXILIARIES With uxiliry: Question word + uxiliry + sujet + ver+? Where do you go during the summer? Wht did you do lst night? Without uxiliry: When the question word is the sujet there is no uxiliry ver nd the ver grees with the sujet. Question Word + ver + ojet Who wrote Romeo nd Juliet? Who won the World Cup? Wht hppened? GERUNDS A gerund is noun mde from ver y dding -ing. The gerund form of the ver red is reding. You n use gerund s the sujet, the omplement, or the ojet of sentene. -Sujet of sentene: Reding helps you lern English. -Complement of sentene: Her fvourite hoy is reding. -Ojet of sentene: I enjoy reding. Gerunds n e mde negtive y dding not. He enjoys not working. The est thing for your helth is not smoking. QUANTIFIERS Use: to give informtion out the numer of something: how muh or how mny. Sometimes we use quntifier in the ple of determiner: Most students strt shool t 8:00 o lok. There re some eutiful pintings in Bells Artes Museum. We sw lots of singers in Lollplooz.. We use these quntifiers with oth ountle nd unountle nouns: ll ny enough less lot of lots of more most no none of some Less thn 50% of students got d grde in the test. Some more olloquil forms: plenty of lod of tons of There re plenty of tivities to do in MIM. Some quntifiers n e used only with ountle nouns: oth eh few few mny - severl Some more olloquil forms: ouple of hundreds of thousnds of There were hundreds of people t the prty! Some quntifiers n e used only with unountle nouns: little little (not) muh it of We hve little time to red the ook. The test is tomorrow. We use gerunds with vers tht express likes nd dislikes: n t stnd - enjoy dislike don t mind hte like love prefer Do you like plying omputer gmes? COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES Adjetive form Comprtive Superltive Only one syllle, ending in e: wide, fine, ute. Add -r: wider, finer, uter My y other is uter thn yours. Add -st: widest, finest, utest My y rother is the utest y here. Only one syllle, with one vowel nd one onsonnt t the end: hot, ig, ft. Only one syllle, with more thn one vowel or more thn one onsonnt t the end: light, net, fst. Two syllles, ending in Y: hppy, silly, lonely. Doule the onsonnt, nd dd -er: hotter, igger, ftter The murl in Metro U. de Chile is igger thn the one in my street. Add -er: lighter, neter, fster People in Chile spek fster thn in Argentin. Chnge y to i, then dd -er: hppier, sillier, lonelier My sister looks hppier thn yesterdy. Doule the onsonnt, nd dd -est: hottest, iggest, fttest The murl in Metro U. de Chile is the iggest of ll Metros. Add -est: lightest, netest, fstest My est friend, Crmen, is the fstest runner I know. Chnge y to i, then dd -est: hppiest, silliest, loneliest You re the hppiest person I know! Two syllles or more, not ending in Y: modern, interesting, eutiful Use more efore the djetive: more modern, more interesting, more eutiful Vlpriso is more interesting thn L Seren. Use most efore the djetive: most modern, most interesting, most eutiful. The most interesting rtist I know is Inti Cstro. Grmmr Referene 181

183 Unit 3 PASSIVE VOICE Use: to give more importne to the tion eing performed not the sujet. when we don t know who or wht performed the tion or it s irrelevnt. Present Simple: Ative: People spek English ll over the world. Pssive: English is spoken ll over the world Present Continuous: Ative: They re lunhing new rnge of jens. Pssive: A new rnge of jens is eing lunhed. Pst Simple: Ative: Levi Struss mnuftured the first jens Pssive: The first jens were mnuftured y Levi Struss. Pst Perfet: Ative: Cowoys hd worn jens for yers efore they eme populr. Pssive: Jens hd een worn y owoys for yers efore they eme populr. Present Perfet: Ative: Someone hs stolen my jens from the wshing mhine! Pssive: My jens hve een stolen from the wshing mhine! Going to: Ative: They re going to redue the prie of jens in the sle. Pssive: The prie of jens is going to e redued in the sle. Will: Ative: They will ppreite good pir of jens. Pssive: A good pir of jens will e ppreited. Modls: Ative: You should not wsh your jens with white lothes. Pssive: Your jens should not e wshed with white lothes. PAST CONTINUOUS We use pst ontinuous to tlk out tions in progress in the pst: Noody ws dning t the prty. They were ll wthing the Relity show in my edroom. To desrie the sene, when we re telling story: The sun ws shining nd ll the guests were wering their est lothes. With the pst simple to tlk out interrupted tivities: Pedro ws hving lot of fun when his prents rrived nd sw the prty mess. PAST SIMPLE AND CONTINUOUS Use: to tlk out interrupted tivities the pst ontinuous tells us whih tivity ws in progress nd the pst simple tells us whih tivity interrupted it. I ws getting redy for shool when my friend lled. We use when with the pst simple nd s or while with the pst ontinuous. As/While I ws getting redy for shool, my friend lled. PAST PERFECT SIMPLE Use the pst perfet simple to tlk out pst events whih hppened efore others: Clsses hd strted when we rrived to shool. Use the pst perfet simple to tlk out events whih hppened efore speifi time. By the time the Relity show ws over, everyone in my fmily hd seen it t lest one. With the expression the first/seond/third time (tht): It ws the first time my mother hd followed TV series. Signl Words: ever, never, lredy, just, still, yet, for nd sine. Unit 4 MODALS VERBS Modls of Possiility nd Certinty: We use ould, might nd my with n infinitive to tlk out possiility in the present. I think my ell phone might e lost It ould e somewhere in your edroom. It my e under your ed or pillow. We use n t nd must with n infinitive to tlk out the present. It n t e in my room. I didn t sleep there lst night. It must e somewhere else in the house. I hven t gone nywhere. Modls of Aility nd Permission: We use n nd n t to tlk out ility in the present: Cn you ply the pino? My dd n t swim We use ould nd ouldn t to tlk out ility in the pst. My nephew ould ply video gmes efore going to shool. But he ouldn t red until he ws 7! We use n to tlk out permission in the present nd ould to tlk out permission in the pst: You n t ht in lss! Students ouldn t log in their Feook until they finished shool. To tlk out ility nd permission in the pst or the future, we use the vers e le to nd e llowed to: I hve never een le to run kilometre in one minute. Will you e llowed to go on holidy this summer? Modls of Oligtion nd Prohiition: We use must nd mustn t to tlk out oligtion nd prohiition. You must log out of your e-mil ount orretly. You mustn t downlod musi without pying. We n lso use the vers hve to nd need to to tlk out oligtion ut not prohiition. We hve to updte our ntivirus softwre regulrly. Rememer: We often use hve to to indite n externl legl oligtion: You hve to wer helmet when you ride motorike. And we use must to indite n internl, personl oligtion: I must rememer it s Elizeth s irthdy tomorrow. We use don t hve to to express lk of oligtion: You don t hve to e professionl ylist to enter the re. 182 Grmmr Referene

184 FUTURE SIMPLE: WILL Use: spontneous deision n opinion, hope, unertinty or ssumption regrding the future promise n tion in the future tht nnot e influened Affirmtive: I/you/we/they/he/she/it + will + ver infinitive Negtive: I/you/we/they/he/she/it + will + not (won t) + ver infinitive Interrogtive: will+ I/you/we/they/he/she/it + ver infinitive+? Signl Words: in yer, next, tomorrow Expressions: I think, proly, perhps Unit 5 REPORTED SPEECH Use: to repet wht person hs sid Diret Speeh: I m not going to shool tody, ut I will tomorrow. Reported Speeh: She sid tht she wsn t going to shool tht dy, ut she would go the next dy. We often omit tht in reported speeh, espeilly in informl situtions: Diret Speeh: Tom s een to London mny times Reported Speeh: She sid (tht) Tom hd een to London mny times. We don t use quottion mrks ( ) in reported speeh. Only to indite diret speeh: Diret Speeh: I love trvelling nd meeting new people Reported Speeh: She sid (tht) she loved trvelling nd meeting new people. Rememer: We often use the vers sy nd tell to introdue reported speeh. Tell is lwys followed y n ojet, ut sy is not: She told me she ws eighteen yers old. She sid she ws eighteen yers old. REPORTED QUESTIONS When we report questions we mke the sme hnges to tenses, pronouns nd referenes to time nd ple s we do with sttements: Diret Speeh: Do you often go to the inem? Reported Speeh: He sked us if we often went to the inem. Diret Speeh: Why re you so serious? Reported Speeh:He wnted to know why I ws so serious. We don t use uxiliries like do, does or did in reported questions: Diret Speeh: Wht time did you go to ed? Reported Speeh: He sked wht time I hd gone to ed When we report yes/no questions, we use if or whether in the reported question: Diret Speeh: Do you like eting risps? Reported Speeh: He wnted to know if we liked eting risps. Rememer: We use ffirmtive nd NOT interrogtive, word order in reported questions: Diret Speeh: Why re you wering red lothes tody? Reported Speeh: She sked me why I ws wering red lothes tht dy ( NOT why ws I wering..?) CONDITIONAL: 2nd Use: To tlk out imginry or improle situtions in the present or the future To give dvie IF CLAUSE (CONDITION) If + pst simple If you sved money, MAIN CLAUSE (RESULT) would + infinitive ver you would e le to uy house. We n reple would with other modl vers in seond onditionl sentenes: We ould go to the thetre tonight if you wnted to. If we phoned Julie, she might ome with us. NOTE: We often use were nd not ws in seond onditionl sentenes with the pronouns I/he/she/ it: If Slly were here, she would know wht to do. FUTURE: GOING TO Use: to tlk out intentions To mke preditions sed on evidene Affirmtive: I/you/we/they/he/she/it + e + going to + ver infinitive Negtive: I/you/we/they/he/she/it + e + not + going to + ver infinitive Interrogtive: e + I/you/we/they/he/she/it + going to + ver infinitive+? Signl Words: in one yer, next week, tomorrow Unit 6 MODAL VERBS: GIVING ADVICE We use should, shouldn t, ought to, nd ought not to to give dvie nd mking reommendtions: You should think out tking up new sport. We ought to do more to help other people. Young hildren shouldn t wth violent TV shows. NEGATIVE QUESTIONS Unontrted negtive questions uxiliry ver + n t + sujet Didn t she ome? Don t you understnd? Weren t you surprised? Unontrted negtive questions Auxiliry ver + sujet + not Did she not ome? Do you not understnd? Were you not surprised? Grmmr Referene 183

185 Negtive questions n hve two different kinds of mening. For exmple, negtive question n sk for onfirmtion of positive elief. In this se it expets the nswer yes. Isn t it true tht she is going out with your rother? (I m just sking for onfirmtion.) A negtive question n lso sk for onfirmtion of negtive elief. In this se it expets the nswer no. Aren t they oming? (Am I right in thinking tht they ren t oming?) PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE Use: to tlk out tions whih egn in the pst nd ontinue in the present to tlk out tions ompleted in the pst if we don t sy when they hppened to tlk out periods of time tht hve not finished Affirmtive: he/she/it + hs + pst prtiiple She hs lived in Chile for 5 yers. you/they/we/you + hve + pst prtiiple We hve studied quite lot tody! Negtive: he/she/it + hs + not + pst prtiiple She hs not lived in Chile for 5 yers. you/they/we/you + hve + not + pst prtiiple We hven t studied t ll tody! Interrogtive: Hs + he/she/it + pst prtiiple? Hs she spoken to you yet? Hve + you/they/we/you + pst prtiiple? Rememer: if the tion egn in the pst nd finished in the pst, we use the pst simple. if we mention the speifi time pst tion hppened, we use the pst simple. QUESTION TAGS Use: to hek tht something is true, or to sk someone to gree with us. We hnge the ver from ffirmtive to negtive (or negtive to ffirmtive) to mke the question tg. We lso hnge the order of the ver nd personl pronoun. It s old, isn t it? / It isn t old, is it? You hven t lost it, hve you? / You hve lost it, hven t you? Aln didn t phone me, did he? / Aln phoned me, didn t he? We n lso form question tgs with would/n/ould, nd there is / there re, Henry would like this, wouldn t he? They n swim, n t they? It ouldn t hppen, ould it? There s telephone here, isn t there? There re three pples, ren t there? For impertives, we use will, Don t forget, will you? Unit 7 WISH nd IF ONLY We use wish nd If only with luse to tlk out situtions we wnt to hnge. We use wish nd If only with the pst simple or pst ontinuous to express wish in the present: I wish I didn t hve to get up erly tomorrow. If only we were spending more time together. We use wish nd If only with the pst perfet to express regrets out the pst: I wish we hd gone to the prty lst night. If only the tehers hdn t tken tht test! We use wish nd If only with would nd n infinitive to omplin out someody else: I wish she wouldn t spek so loud. If only the students would ome on time to lss. FUTURE: GOING TO Use: to tlk out intentions To mke preditions sed on evidene Affirmtive: I used to love wthing horror movies ut now they sre me! Negtive: I didn t use to listen to rok. Now we do. Question: Did you use to wer right olours s hild? NOTE: There is no present tense equivlent of used to. CONDITIONAL: 3rd Use: To tlk out impossile hypothetil onditions in the pst To tlk out situtions we regret IF CLAUSE (CONDITION) If + pst perfet, If you hd sved money, MAIN CLAUSE (RESULT) would + present perfet you would hve ought house. We n reple would hve with ould hve or might hve in third onditionl sentenes: If you hd told me out the onert, we ould hve ought the tikets. Phil might hve ome with us if he hd known out the prty. NOTE: The ontrted form of oth hd nd would is d. Be reful not to onfuse the words: If he d (hd) rememered my irthdy, he d (would) hve ought me present. 184 Grmmr Referene

186 PREFIXES word, or letter(s) pled t the eginning of nother word ( se word) to djust or qulify its usge or mening ADVERBS Use: to modify to modify ver, djetive, ver, djetive, or nother or dver nother dver ADVERBS Most ommon prefixes Use: Prefix Mening Exmple nti- to modify ginst ver, djetive, or nother ntifreeze dver de- opposite defrost dis- not, opposite of disgree en-, em- use to enode, emre fore- efore forest in-, im- in infield in-, im-, il-, ir- not injustie, impossile inter- etween intert mid- middle midwy mis- wrongly misfire non- not nonsense over- over overlook pre- efore prefix re- gin return semi- hlf semiirle su- under sumrine super- ove superstr trns- ross trnsport un- not unfriendly Unit 8 SUFFIXES Most ommon suffixes Prefix Mening Exmple -le, -ile n e done omfortle -l, -il hving hrteristis of personl -ed pst-tense vers hopped -en mde of wooden -er omprtive higher -er, one who worker -est omprtive iggest -ful full of reful -ion, -tion, t, proess osion -ity, -ty stte of infinity -ive, -tive, -itive djetive form of noun plintive -less without ferless -ly hrteristi of quikly -ment tion or proess enjoyment -ness stte of, ondition of kindness -ous, -eous, -ious possessing the qulities of joyous -s, -es more thn one ooks, oxes -y hrterized y hppy Most (ut not ll) dvers end in -ly The rit jumped quikly. In this exmple, quikly is n dver euse it is used to modify the ver jumped. Alert Einstein ws very smrt mthemtiin. In this exmple, very is n dver euse it is used to modify the djetive smrt. It strted to rin just fter the louds ppered. In this exmple, just is n dver euse it is used to modify the onjuntion fter. Jons usully does his homework. In this exmple, usully is (frequeny) dver euse it is used to modify the ver does. A suffix is n ffix tht is dded to the end of word tht onditions its usge or mening in n infletionl or derivtionl wy: Infletionl (grmmtil): for exmple, hnging singulr to plurl (dog > dogs), or hnging present tense to pst tense (wlk > wlked). In this se, the si mening of the word does not hnge. Derivtionl (the new word hs new mening, derived from the originl word): for exmple, teh > teher or re > reful Grmmr Referene 185

187 ARTICLES: THE, NO ARTICLE Generl words (indefinite). NO ARTICLE Life in len environment is etter. Nmes of people on the singulr, reltives. Frnis nd Mri re my lssmtes. Puli uildings, institutions, mens of trnsport (indefinite). Most students go to puli shools in Chile. Nmes of ountries in the singulr; summits of mountins; ontinents; towns. Germny, Frne, Chile, Mount Whitney Afri, Europe; Ciro, New York Prks; lkes; streets. Centrl Prk, Hyde Prk; Lke Mihign, Loh Ness; 42nd Street, Oxford Street 42nd Street, Oxford Street Generl words (definite). THE ARTICLE I've red ook on the life of people living in polluted environments. Fmily nmes in the plurl. The Pérez fmily I know lives in Sn Bernrdo. Puli uildings, institutions, mens of trnsport (definite). The shool tht is on Apoquindo Avenue is not puli. Nmes of ountries in the plurl; mountin rnges; regions. The United Sttes of Ameri, the Netherlnds; the Highlnds, the Roky Mountins, the Alps; the Middle Est, the west of Austrli Nme with of-phrse; oens; ses; rivers. The Sttue of Lierty, the Tower (of London), the Atlnti (Oen); The Sttue of Lierty, the Tower (of London), the Atlnti (Oen); the Mediterrnen (Se); the Nile, the Rhine, the Suez Cnl We use the sesons of the yer (spring, summer, utumn, winter) with or without the definite rtile. in summer or in the summer 186 Grmmr Referene

188 Ruris GENERAL SPEAKING /ORAL ACTIVITY RUBRIC 7: Exellent The student hs given very ler nd orgnised presenttion delivered with onfidene. High level nd vried voulry nd grmmr strutures. Very ler pronunition, sounding nturl. 6: Very Good The presenttion ws niely orgnized, delivered with only osionl hesittion. Very good level of voulry nd grmmr strutures. A few errors in pronunition. 5: Good The presenttion ws orgnized generlly well. There were some onfusing points euse of hesittion. Good level of voulry nd grmmr strutures. Pronunition ws sometimes unler 4: Stisftory The presenttion ws generlly orgnised. Hesittion sometimes used onfusion for the listener. Grmmr nd voulry sometimes inurte, ut messge ws generlly ler. Some pronunition errors used speeh to e osionlly unler. 3: Modest The presenttion hs some elements of orgniztion. Hesittion often leds to ommunition rekdown. Inuries in grmmr nd voulry use prolems with understnding. Pronunition generlly unler. 2: Bsi Is le to ommunite very simple messge lthough grmmr nd voulry limittions nd pronunition prolems prevent ler understnding 1: Introdutory Severe prolems in ommuniting simple messge in spoken English ORAL PRESENTATION RUBRIC Content & Orgniztion 20% Flueny 15% Voulry 25% Lnguge Use 25% EXCELLENT GOOD SATISFACTORY INSUFFICIENT POOR Very ler messge & intention Logil sequening Very ohesive Very fluent (no hesittion) Very effetive word/idiom hoie nd usge Very pproprite register Effetive use of more omplex onstrutions Few grmmr errors Cler messge & intention Logil sequening Cohesive Somewht unler messge Intention not ler Unler messge & intention Illogil or inomplete sequening Fluent Some hesittion Diffiult to follow euse of hesittion Effetive word/ idiom hoie nd usge Approprite register Effetive use of simple onstrutions Minor prolems with more omplex onstrutions Adequte rnge Osionl errors with word form, hoie or usge (ut mening not osured) Somewht effetive use of simple onstrutions Some prolems with omplex onstrutions Limited rnge Frequent errors with word form, hoie or usge Mening onfused or osured Frequent prolems in simple/omplex onstrutions Frequent grmmr errors Ides onfused or disonneted Lks logil sequening nd development Hesittion uses severe strin for listener Hevy L1 influene Mjor prolems in sentene onstrution Grmmr errors tend to osure mening Pronunition 15% No ovious errors in pronunition Fewer errors in pronunition Osionl errors in pronunition Frequent errors in pronunition Dominted y errors RUBRICS 187

189 PAIR/GROUP WORK RUBRIC EXCELLENT GOOD SATISFACTORY INSUFFICIENT POOR Prtiiption 20% High level of prtiiption Contriutions re very thoughtful & pproprite Good level of prtiiption Contriutions re thoughtful & pproprite Stisftory level of prtiiption Contriutions re relevnt Very little prtiiption Contriutions re not lwys pproprite Not muh prtiiption Contriutions re inpproprite Flueny 15% Very fluent (no hesittion) Fluent Some hesittion Diffiult to follow euse of hesittion Hesittion uses severe strin for listener Voulry 25% Very effetive word/idiom hoie nd usge Very pproprite register Effetive word/ idiom hoie nd usge Approprite register Adequte rnge Osionl errors with word form, hoie or usge (ut mening not osured) Limited rnge Frequent errors with word form, hoie or usge Mening onfused or osured Hevy L1 influene Lnguge Use 25% Effetive use of more omplex onstrutions Few grmmr errors Effetive use of simple onstrutions Minor prolems with more omplex onstrutions Somewht effetive use of simple onstrutions Some prolems with omplex onstrutions Frequent prolems in simple/omplex onstrutions Frequent grmmr errors Mjor prolems in sentene onstrution Grmmr errors tend to osure mening Pronunition 15% No ovious errors in pronunition Fewer errors in pronunition Osionl errors in pronunition Frequent errors in pronunition Dominted y errors GENERAL WRITING RUBRIC WITH DESCRIPTORS EXCELLENT GOOD SATISFACTORY INSUFFICIENT POOR Content Content is retively expressed nd well developed. Content is lerly onveyed, ut rther repetitive. Content is generlly ler ut not developed. Content is not ler. Content not relted to tsk. Grmmr & Voulry Uses lnguge onsistently well. Displys syntti vriety nd pproprite word hoie. There my e few errors. Displys ility to use lnguge, errors do not osure mening. Attempts to use more omplex strutures nd voulry. Multiple errors, ut do not osure mening. Notly inpproprite word hoie nd form. Frequent errors in lnguge use nd sentene struture. Serious nd frequent errors in lnguge use nd sentene struture. Reder my strin to understnd. Coherene Detils re pled in logil order. The wy they re presented effetively keeps the interest of the reder. Most detils re in logil nd expeted order. Mny detils re not in logil or expeted order. There is little sense in orgniztion. There is no sense of orgniztion. 188 RUBRICS

190 Pronunition Guide Consonnts Vowels Symol Exmples Symol Exmples p t d k g tʃ dʒ f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ h m n ŋ l w r j pen, hppy k, ut two, tlk dog, do me, key gme, girl wth, hir July, ridge photogrph, for hve thing the, this see, ity plese, goes shirt, sttion plesure ht, who mn, some sun, know sing like white, we run, very yes, you /i:/ /ɪ/ /eɪ/ /e/ /æ/ /ɑ/ /ɔ/ /oʊ/ /ʊ/ /u/ /ʌ/ /ə/ /ɚ/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /ɔɪ/ /ɪr/ /ɛr/ /ɑr/ /ɔr/ /ʊr/ see, et did, ity dy, eight ed, dress t, d ox, fther ought, dog go, no ook, good food, student ut, mother nn, omputer shirt, hurt, her uy, eye, my how, now oy ner, here hir, there r door tour PRONUNCIATION GUIDE 189

191 Listening Comprehension Lerning Ojetives U1 U2 U3 U4 Use previous knowledge of different topis, non-verl lues, gestures nd intontion to ntiipte the ontent of the messge nd to whom it is direted. Identify relevnt detils to identify the min points. Lote expressions nd fixed phrses ssoited to ommunitive funtions pproprite to the level. Integrte orl nd written expression to demonstrte understnding of texts tht re herd. Reding Comprehension Apply speed nd trgeted reding tehniques. (skimming nd snning) Disriminte etween the min ide/s nd irrelevnt informtion to summrize the entrl mening of the messge. (gist) Distinguish etween ft nd opinion y identifying expliit nd impliit informtion. Use ontext nd relevnt expliit informtion to infer informtion tht is lerly suggested. Lote evidene within the text tht llows the justifition of simple inferenes. Integrte written expression to demonstrte understnding of texts tht hve een red. Orl Expression Integrte listening skills s si ility for intertion. Signl ttention, understnding, greement nd disgreement to initite, mintin nd lose onverstion. Self orret nd reword sttements. Written Expression Use onnetors to sequene sentenes in logil wy, with ohesion nd oherene for ommunitionl purposes. Corretion of ohesion nd oherene of their writing tsks ording to its ommunitionl purpose nd udiene.

192 Listening Comprehension Lerning Ojetives U5 U6 U7 U8 Use previous knowledge of different topis, non-verl lues, gestures nd intontion to ntiipte the ontent of the messge nd to whom it is direted. Identify relevnt detils to identify the min points. Lote expressions nd fixed phrses ssoited to ommunitive funtions pproprite to the level. Integrte orl nd written expression to demonstrte understnding of texts tht re herd. Reding Comprehension Apply speed nd trgeted reding tehniques. (skimming nd snning) Disriminte etween the min ide/s nd irrelevnt informtion to summrize the entrl mening of the messge. (gist) Distinguish etween ft nd opinion y identifying expliit nd impliit informtion. Use ontext nd relevnt expliit informtion to infer informtion tht is lerly suggested. Lote evidene within the text tht llows the justifition of simple inferenes. Integrte written expression to demonstrte understnding of texts tht hve een red. Orl Expression Integrte listening skills s si ility for intertion. Signl ttention, understnding, greement nd disgreement to initite, mintin nd lose onverstion. Self orret nd reword sttements. Written Expression Use onnetors to sequene sentenes in logil wy, with ohesion nd oherene for ommunitionl purposes. Corretion of ohesion nd oherene of their writing tsks ording to its ommunitionl purpose nd udiene.

193 Trnsripts Welome Unit Trk 2 pge: 9 Ativity 4. Crl: Hi Ptrii, how re you? Ptrii: Hi Crl, Wht do you think out your English lss this yer? Crl: I m not sure, this yer we re doing lot more speking in lss. I m it shy when I hve to spek in English euse I worry too muh out mking mistkes. There re other people in my lss who spek muh etter thn I do. Ptrii: I know, I hve people like tht in my lss too. They don t re out mking mistkes. They just tlk. Crl: Yeh, nd they re le to get their messge ross even using d grmmr! I m so jelous! I think they prtise out of the lssroom too. Ptrii: I listen to musi ut I don t red ooks or mgzines. My teher sys tht it s est to lern y doing. You know wht I men? Crl: Asolutely, if I don t strt prtising speking now I won t e le to use it when I need it in the future. All I do is wth television in English. Ptrii: Good for you. I m frid I don t, ut I usully surf the Internet t the weekends. You know wht I hve strted doing? Crl: Wht? Ptrii: You re not going to elieve this ut I strted tlking to myself... like hving short onverstions with myself. Crl: Relly, hve you lost your mind? Ptrii: No! I think it works. I mke up stories out people nd sy them out loud. I sometimes reord them nd then I listen to them Crl:You re joking! Ptrii: Of ourse, I do this t home in my room, so noody n her me. I think it helps me feel more omfortle using the lnguge. Crl: Relly? Hmmmm mye I ll try it. Ptrii: You should. Crl: Thnks for the dvie, see you fter shool. Ptrii: See you. Unit 1 Trk 3 pge: 11 Ativity 2 Speker 1: Jvier is wering ring on his thum, elt tht holds up his jens euse they re not tight-fitted. He is lso wering lk swetshirt nd hs hin round his nek, like nekle. Speker 2: Cmil is wering lk hoodie, long, frilly skirt though she doesn t seem to e wering errings nd I n t see if she hs oots on her feet. Speker 3: Frniso is wering prt of his uniform: lk trousers, white shirt, nd drk tie. He looks it untidy nd informl. Speker 4: Sol is very muh in fshion. She s wering light grey leggings with lue hoodie nd wide hednd in mthing olours. Trk 4 pge: 14 Ativity 13 There is young womn in this piture. She s in the middle of the photogrph. She looks older, mye in her fifties. She s slim, with red hir. I don t think she s very tll euse of her shoes they hve very high heels. Perhps she s quite short nd wers shoes like this to seem tller. She s wering quite unusul lothes: dress tht seems to e 192 Trnsripts

194 tken from the 19th Century, ripped tights nd those shoes. She looks s if she s reding ook. In the kground you n see prk with hildren plying. I think it might e ig ity like London or Tokyo. She ould e witing for friend. Trk 5 pge: 15 Ativity 2 Speker: I m relly interested in the ulture of other ountries. I don t know why ut I lwys think other ultures re more interesting thn my own ulture. Every time I trvel I lern wonderful nd interesting things out other ultures. One of the iggest surprises I hd ws when I went to the USA s hild. I m English so I thought Amerins hd the sme ulture s me. When I went to Ameri I understood Amerins nd Brits re very different people. Understnding the ulture of other people is very importnt. It helps us ll to get long. If everyone relly tried to lern out other ultures, the world would e more peeful ple. And s the world is eoming smller, I think this is hppening. Trk 6 pge: 17 Ativity 6 I fell in love gin ll things go, ll things go drove to Chigo ll things know, ll things know we sold our lothes to the stte I don t mind, I don t mind I mde lot of mistkes in my mind, in my mind Chorus you me to tke us ll things go, ll things go to rerete us ll things grow, ll things grow we hd our mindset ll things know, ll things know you hd to find it ll things go, ll things go I drove to New York in vn, with my friend we slept in prking lots I don t mind, I don t mind I ws in love with the ple in my mind, in my mind I mde lot of mistkes in my mind, in my mind Trk 7 pge: 20 Ativities 10 nd 11 Soni: Hi Rihrd. Hve you finished your projet work for shool? Rihrd: Hey Soni, I ve nerly finished it ut I ll finish sooner if you help me. Soni: OK, How n I help you? Your projet is out spooky stories, isn t it? Rihrd: Yep, nd I know you love them Hve you got ny story or film out the Yeti tht I n orrow plese? Soni: In ft I do... I hve the ltest zomie film. If you wnt it, I n lend it to you. Rihrd: Oh, tht would e gret Soni. I hve n ide. Why don t we wth it this evening? Trnsripts 193

195 Soni: Thnks Rihrd ut I hve to go to the dentist this evening. You n wth it lone it erlier so you ll hve time to write the summry y tomorrow. If you re deided, then I ll go nd get it, it s in my edroom. Rihrd: Oh... OK then. Soni: Just wit minute till I finish this nd I ll go upstirs to get it. Rihrd: Thnks Soni, I ll let you know how it turns out in the end. Trk 8 pge: 22 Ativities 3 nd 4 The Fr North: The Origin of the Flowering Desert. During Spnish rule, there ws eutiful, young womn who lived in smll villge ner the Limrí River. All the young men were in love with the lovely Aññu, ut none of them were le to win her love. One dy, hndsome, young miner me through town, serhing for gold. When he sw Aññu, he fell in love with her too, nd this time she loved him k. One night, the miner hd disturing drem, in whih mountin spirit reveled to him the preise lotion of the gold tht he ws seeking. He revived his serh for the gold, promising Aññu tht he would return soon. Aññu wited for him dy fter dy, ut her miner never ppered gin. Aññu s hert ws roken, nd, inonsolle, she eventully died from grief. Her funerl ws on riny dy nd ll the villgers wept for her. The next dy, the sun wrmed the vlley nd eutiful, red flowers grew from the spot where the young womn hd died. The legend sys tht Aññu eme flower s gesture of love, so tht she ould lwys remin lose to him nd spred her love everywhere. Tody, you n still see the Aññu flowers loom in the re tht is now known s the Elqui Vlley, reting spetulr fields of wildflowers. This mzing phenomenon is known s desierto florido, or desert in loom. Trk 9 pge: 24 Pronunition Ativity 9 ird er ed tree plese serh spred pper Trk 10 pge: 29 My Progress Unit 1 Ativity 2 I ve known Pul for ten yers. I don t think tht he s een to Argentin yet. I strted plying omputer gmes t 10 o lok. d Were you studying t home lst night? Unit 2 Trk 12 pge: 31 Ativity 1 1. lues 2. ht 3. indie rok 4. folk 5. hip hop Trk 13 pge: 31 Ativity 3 A: Welome to the show! Tody we hve speil musi quiz for ll our listeners. We re going to test your knowledge of Ltin Amerin Musi Let s see strting with the first ontestnt. Question 1: Why did Los Prisioneros rek up? B: Beuse Jorge González went solo. 194 Trnsripts

196 A: Alright, Question 2: Wht is the rel first nme of Dddy Ynkee? B: It s Rmon! A: And who wrote the song L Joy del Pifio? B: Hmmm... Vitor Aost wrote it. A: OK, fourth question: Wht yer ws the legendry psyhedeli nd, Aquturi, formed? B: It ws 1968, I think. A: And how mny studio lums hd the lterntive rok nd, Los Bunkers, relesed y 2012? B: Six A: Question 6: How re the memers of Clle 13 relted to eh other? B: They re step rothers. A: OK, nd whose fther ws fmous olero singer? B: Amerio s fther. A:Whih femle rtist hs reputtion for writing songs out her ex oyfriends? B: I think Tylor Swift does. A: And finlly, question 9: where did DJ Mendez strt his reer? B: He strted it in Sweden. A: Alright, Thnks! Let s move on to the next ontestnt Trk 14 pge: 33 Pronunition Ativity 10 Where re you from originlly? When did you strt plying musi? Wht musi inspires you? d Who is your fvourite musiin? e How long hve you een performing? Trk 15 pge: 35 Ativity 3 Interviewer: Inti, How did you eome n rtist? Interviewee: I egn in Vlpríso t the ge of 14. I strted with smll skethes nd grffiti tgs in the streets, ut lter I studied pinting. Interviewer: Why did you deide to strt doing grffiti? Interviewee: When you strt s kid, you hve no onsious of wht you re doing. You just wnt to see your nme in the streets, invde spes to mke them your own. Interviewer: Did your gols hnge when you grew up? Interviewee: Yes. When you get older, you see tht wht you re doing touhes other people, tht it hs politil nd soil kground. Now I use it to sy something or give something k to soiety. Interviewer: Where does your inspirtion ome from? Interviewee: Ltin Amerin people nd the ultures efore the Spnish invsion. Interviewer: Why do you lwys inlude food, shelter, musi, nd lohol in your rt? Interviewee: Beuse they re things I never wnt to live without. Interviewer: Wht does your nme Inti stnd for? Interviewee: It mens sun in the Inn lnguge. Interviewer: Do you prefer to pint in Chile or in Europe? Interviewee: In Europe the proess to get permission is too ureurti. Here, you just sk the owner of the house to pint on their wlls. Interviewer: You re very pssionte out your work. Do you enjoy other forms of rtisti expression? Trnsripts 195

197 Interviewee: I see rt in everything in musi, in people, in the streets. It s ll rt to me. Interviewer: Street rt is more ommon nowdys. Do you think tht the messges nd imges ehind the rt hve gined importne? Interviewee: I see influene in the long term, espeilly with politis. Wht we n ultivte tody is not for tomorrow. It grows slowly. Over genertions it n hnge nd influene. Interviewer: Grffiti hs een seen s form of protest nd reellion ginst the system nd sttus quo. Is there less opposition to street rt round the world tody? Interviewee: Now tht there is world-wide fme of street rtists, people s perspetives re hnging. It is now viewed s legitimte rt with ommeril vlue. In ft, rtists re often ontrted nd pid to produe pintings in the streets nd in glleries, espeilly in Europe. The progression of underground to ommerilized rt is slower in Ltin Ameri. Interviewer: How is street rt hnging? Interviewee: Mny yers go people were pinting for ideology. Now, everyone is working for their own individul idels. Chile hs een entre for rdil propgnd pinting sine Tody, there is n rt explosion in the streets of Ltin Ameri. Chile is leding the innovtion. I did not know my rt would hve n impt when I egn, ut I will ontinue to rete nd ring Ltin Ameri to the world. Trk 16 pge: 36 Pronunition Ativity 8 well-known rightly-oloured open-mouthed sky-high good-looking old-fshioned up-to-dte Trk 17 pge: 39 Ativity 8 Moni: Wht do you prefer to red: omis or ooks? Roerto: Oh omis, definitely! Moni: Why? Some people sy tht omis re for lzy people. Roerto: I m not lzy! Sometimes ooks re omplited nd hve too mny hrters. Comis re esier to understnd. Moni: They re lso shorter thn ooks! Roerto:Tht s true. Books re longer, often too long. Moni: I don t mind long ook if it s good. When you get to the end of good ook you feel like you would like it to go on Roerto: Yeh, ut sometimes the ending of ook is relly disppointing. I hte tht. You feel like you ve wsted lot of time Moni: Yes, ut it s not relly wste of time. You just hve to hope the next ook you red is etter! Roerto: Mye you re right, ut I still prefer omis. Trk 18 pge: 43 Ativities 5 nd 6 For tody s teengers the Internet is s muh prt of life s TV or musi. It s ple to meet up, to tlk out life, to serh for new friends nd to get support. Ysn, 15-yer-old from Conepión, uses her log to ommunite with friends nd s wy to express her emotions. She finds it esier to sy things in logs tht she ould never sy in puli. Blogs re lso n idel ple to post songs, disply photos or write out everydy life. Some teens use their logs to revel their most privte thoughts or to explore their deepest emotions. Innoent pstimes, you might think; ut mny prents re worried. 196 Trnsripts

198 The polie hve wrned teengers tht posting too muh informtion out themselves ould e dngerous, nd re enourging them to e more reful. The risks don t end there. Reently, Ysn found her younger sister nd her dd reding her log. She ws upset. She felt like fmily nd lose friends shouldn t e reding her diry in seret. She sid they should tell her. She does not snoop on them! Trk 19 pge: 49 My Progress Unit 2 Ativity 1 Literture is one thing tht mkes me very hppy. I hve loved ooks of ll kinds sine I ws very smll. I don t know wht I would do in life without novels, poems nd plys. It s mzing how literture n hnge your life. It edutes you, mkes you hppy, mkes you sd, nd inspires you. I think I d e ompletely different person without it. Literture hs een ig influene on my life, perhps, s muh s my friends, nd I think it s relly powerful; it n help us understnd other ultures. Reently I hve red lot of Indin literture, in English of ourse. The ooks I red hve totlly hnged my imge of Indi nd Indins, my experiene hs relly mde me wnt to red more ooks from other ountries. Unit 3 Trk 21 pge 54 Ativity 11 Speker 1: Relity TV shows... do you like them? I used to love Amerin Idol, like k when Fntsi Brrino ws on it. And I strted wthing Projet Runwy reently. I like those shows euse they re out things like singing nd mking ool lothes. The people on the shows re tlented. Speker 2: The ones I despise re those tht glmourise sexul promisuity, lk morls, or hve usive verl or physil ehviour. To me, these use even more hrm to soiety. I don t think ny ontestnt deserves n wrd for losing their dignity nd self-respet for money. Those people re ridiulous! Trk 22 pge: 55 Ativities 3 nd 4 Mrge Simpson doesn t like ooking very muh. One dy, Mrge ws ooking soup in the kithen when Homer wlked in nd notied she didn t hve spie rk to keep her spies in. Homer deided to uild spie rk for Mrge. While he ws working in his workshop, Mggie sneked up ehind Homer, quietly, when he wsn t looking nd she hit Homer on the hed with mllet. At first they were shoked out Mggie s d ehviour. Mrge relized tht it ws euse she hd mimiked the violent rtoon progrmme, The Ithy nd Srthy Show. Mrge wrote letter to the produers of the progrmme nd sked them to tone down the violene, ut they didn t. Then Mrge formed group nd strted movement to protest ginst the progrmme nd mny ngry letters were sent to the press nd to the produers. Finlly, the produers oneded nd hnged the tions of the hrters, Ithy nd Srthy, so they were doing only oring things. Mrge ws hppy, ut the rest of the fmily wsn t wthing the progrmme nymore. Menwhile, the group ws protesting out other things they onsidered offensive, inluding n exhiition of the eutiful Mihelngelo sulpture, Trnsripts 197

199 Dvid. The movement, exept for Mrge, elieved tht the sulpture ws offensive euse Dvid ws nude. In the end, Mrge hnged her mind out ensorship. Trk 23 pge: 60 Ativity 11 Coke ws first sold in My 1886 y its inventor, Dotor John Pemerton, phrmist from Atlnt, Georgi. Nowdys, 1.3 illion Cokes re sold every dy ll over the world. Advertising hs lwys een ruil to Coke s suess. The first dverts were ttrtive posters with thy slogns, ut things soon got sophistited. The first television progrmme sponsored y Coke ws rodst in Both rdio nd television dvertising were eing used throughout the 1960 s with the Things Go Better with Coke slogn eoming very populr. Mrketing personnel soon relised tht younger onsumers ould e trgeted y using populr musiins like Roy Orison nd Ry Chrles. During the mid-1970 s, the politil unertinty in the United Sttes mde them hnge their mpigns to mke Amerins feel etter. The strtegy ws gret suess nd sles kept on rising. In erly 1982, Coke lunhed its most memorle mpign with the slogn Coke Is It! Coke hs not een ompletely without prolems! When the ompny introdued new tste for it in North Ameri in 1985, the puli demnded the return of the trditionl drink so insistently, tht the ompny ws fored to ring it k! Trk 24 pge: 61 Pronunition Ativity 14 tehers - prents knows dvertise ws is hs purhse present misleding used rodst ritiism Trk 25 pge: 62 Ativities 3 nd 4 News Host: And for our lst story tonight, we re going over to Simon with story of luky espe. Simon? Simon: Hello. I m here with Mrs Brr Brdy, who hd luky espe this evening. Mrs Brdy, n you tell us wht hppened? Mrs Brdy: I ws in my living room, witing for my fvourite TV progrmme to strt: it s on t seven o lok. I hd just mde up of te nd st down... Simon: I see... Mrs Brdy: Well, I d just st down when there ws tremendous rsh nd r me through the sitting room wll. Simon: A r me through your wll? Mrs Brdy: Tht s right, it just ppered, right there in my living room. Simon: Tht s inredile! Wht hppened? Mrs Brdy: Apprently the driver, young ld, hd een going too fst nd my house is on end, nd Simon: Go on... Mrs Brdy: He lost ontrol of the r on the end, it skidded, hit my house nd me right through the wll. Simon: Wht did you do? Mrs Brdy: Well, I ws relly shoked, I n tell you. Simon: But you reted quikly, didn t you? Mrs Brdy: Yes, I went outside nd went over to the r. I thought he ws unonsious t first... Simon: He wsn t moving? Mrs Brdy: No, t first, no, ut then he shook his hed nd strted to get out of the r slowly. Lukily, he d een wering his set elt. Then I dilled 999 nd the polie me with the mulne. 198 Trnsripts

200 Trk 26 pge: 63 Ativities 8 nd 9 Girl: I hd relly sry experiene lst week. Boy: Relly? Wht hppened? Girl:Well, I ws on my wy home nd I ws rossing the ridge Boy: Wht, the one over the rilwy? Girl: Tht s right, yeh. I ws hlf wy ross when I suddenly herd this womn sreming nd pointing, pointing t something ehind me. Boy: Go on. Trk 27 pge: 69 My Progress Unit 3 Ativity 1 Susn hd lot of visitors to her new prtment. At 10pm lst night, Susn ws lening her TV when her sister me over nd they strted htting. They were disussing the newest post on populr gossip log. Susn elieved the post ws ompletely true, ut her sister insisted tht the logs n e written y nyone with omputer. Then, they spoke out relity shows tht sometimes tke ple in exoti ples nd they mentioned Mn vs. Wild. Susn s sister insisted tht this show, lso, ws fition. Lter, they were eting dinner when their dd showed up. They were exited to see him, nd Susn wnted to mke it fmily ffir, so she lled up her rother, José. She hd tried to ll him efore dinner to invite him, ut his moile phone hd died. Unit 4 Trk 29 pge: 74 Ativities 16 nd 17 I m sure most of you hve logged on to YouTue nd wthed, or even uploded video. Millions of people do every dy. You might hve hosen the most-viewed video of the week or serhed for something different. After ll, you n wth extrts from TV shows, musi videos, nd even films, not to mention the thousnds of homemde videos tht users uplod onto the site. Tehers use it to show lips in lss, offie workers to hve lugh in their offee reks, nd there is growing list of people who hve eome fmous fter eing spotted on the video-shring wesite. I wonder if the founders of the site hd ny ide wht they hd strted! Trk 30 pge: 75 Ativities 3 nd 4 These dys, teengers re lled the thum genertion euse they spend ll dy using their thums: to send text messges, to ply hnd-held gmes, to listen to musi on MP3s nd MP4s or to exhnge photogrphs in rel time. You nme it, they use their thums to do it! Reently, Chnnel 4 TV ommissioned reserh into the reltionship tht young people, etween the ges of twelve nd twenty-four, hve with new tehnology. Youths own n verge of eight digitl devies. These inlude MP3s, moile phones, gme onsoles, PCs, nd digitl mers. Most young people re expert multitskers. This mens they n ondut s mny s five tivities t the sme time s they re wthing TV. And Trnsripts 199

201 s n interesting ft, twenty-five perent of the interviewees dmitted tht they sometimes send text messge to friends they re tully with t the time. Trk 31 pge: 80 Ativity 8 Lst yer my mother sid she ws too old to strt using omputers. Sine she hted using them, she oviously wsn t used to sending emils. However, reently in ourse for pensioners she egn to ht nd she hsn t stopped sine! She sys she loves meeting new people on the Internet, lthough, sometimes she would prefer to hve offee with them. Lst week she sked me to help her rete her own we pge. She sid tht fter so long without Internet, now she felt like lerning s muh s she ould. I told her tht she d etter stop spending so muh time online. Using the Internet for longer thn you hd plnned n e symptom of eoming weholi. Trk 32 pge: 82 Ativities 2 nd 3 Hve you ever wondered wht your life will e like in the yer 2025? On typil evening you will drive through trffi jm in your hydrogenpowered r. Your home will hve the very ltest tehnology, whih mens tht you won t need key to open the front door: putting your finger on snning devie will let you in. As you wlk in, your movement will tivte sensor nd the lights nd ir onditioning will ome on. All the energy tht your house needs will ome from solr pnels on the roof. A root will offer you drink nd you will then wth TV using pir of speil ontt lenses whih strem imges diretly from the Internet. Your dinner will e helthy pill. If you feel unwell, you won t hve to leve the house to go to the dotor s. A mirohip under your skin will llow your dotor to hek your lood pressure nd other ody funtions. Holidys will tke you to unusul destintions. There will still e eh holidys, sightseeing tours nd shopping trips rod, ut you will lso wnt to try ples like Sieri, Antrti nd mye outer spe. Trk 33 pge: 89 My Progress Unit 4 Ativity 2 Are you tired of lening the house nd tking out the grge? Don t worry. Soon, domesti roots will do ll the oring jos while you relx. But will this new tehnology e positive or negtive hnge? Some sientists elieve tht roots will mke the world etter ple euse they will do ll the dngerous nd diffiult jos. Life will e sfer with fewer idents. In ddition, they think tht inventors will develop roots tht re highly intelligent nd tht will do the jos of dotors, pilots, nd sientists. However, other sientists hve serious worries out root tehnology. They elieve tht intelligent roots will e diffiult to ontrol. The most extreme preditions sy tht roots will destroy the humn re nd possily the entire plnet. 200 Trnsripts

202 Unit 5 Trk 35 pge: 91 Ativities 3 nd 4 These dys, mny high shool or university students re getting prt-time jos during the week. The resons why mny of them re getting so enthusisti to get jo my e due to the following resons: To get something else to do tht is useful. To mke their own money for free time expenses. To mke money to help finne degree. Pros: Jos re opportunities for teengers to lern work skills they will need throughout their lives, suh s how to fill out n pplition, how to do well in n interview, how to work responsily, nd how to get long with o-workers nd superiors. Jos n e tken s opportunities to uild onfidene nd independene. Jos ssist students in mnging their finnes responsily. Jos re exellent hnes for students to find the essene of their reer pths. Cons: Students who work more thn 13 to 20 hours week re more likely to feel stressed. Students who work my hve more diffiulty mintining friendships or doing other extrurriulr tivities. Overworked students my hve less time to sleep, exerise, nd spend time with their fmilies. Trk 36 pge: 95 Ativity 3 Prt 1 Interviewer: Wht do you do? Emilio: I m grphi designer. My jo title is User Interfe Grphi Designer. Interviewer: Where do you work? Emilio: At video gme ompny lled Behviour Intertive. Interviewer: Wht do you do t Behviour? Emilio: I rete gme interfes, like splsh sreens, menus, HUD, the tlly, et. The users need to e le to intert with ll the sreens. Interviewer: Wht interesting projets hve you worked on there? Emilio: We ve done lots of work mking gmes for Hollywood films, suh s the Ie Age movies, nd t the moment we re mking gme for new Will Smith movie tht s just out to e relesed. Interviewer: Tht sounds like lot of fun! Do you get to ply video gmes? Emilio: Yes, when I wnt to, ut I lso hve lot of work to do. Interviewer: Wht lnguge do you spek t work? Emilio: I spek mostly Spnish, ut lso English. A lot of people spek different lnguges, ut we use English s the ommon one, espeilly onerning omputer tehnology. Interviewer: Do you use English outside of work? Emilio: Yes, I like to soilise with my foreign ollegues t work. Trnsripts 201

203 Trk 37 pge: 95 Ativity 4 Prt 2 Interviewer: Wht re some of your other interests? Emilio: Musi, espeilly sk, punk, nd hrdore. I lso ride my ike everywhere nd ply footll when I hve time. Interviewer: Wht do you like most out your jo? Emilio: I like working with the ltest tehnology. Interviewer: And wht do you like the lest out it? Emilio: Working extr hours. We hve dedlines nd we need to work so tht the gme is finished on time. Interviewer: Wht re your fvourite video gmes? Emilio: I ply online gmes like: Quke Live, Cll Of Duty: Ghosts, nd now I ply Bttlefield 4. Interviewer: Wht re your future plns? Emilio: I would like to do mster s degree in the United Sttes. I think it will improve my hnes of getting etter jo with higher slry. It would lso e gret life experiene to live in nother ountry nd lern out the ulture. Interviewer: How importnt do you think it is to e fmilir with omputer nd Internet tehnology nowdys? Emilio: I think tody tehnology is prt of everyone s life nd tht s lso why so mny people ply gmes just for fun, too. Interviewer: Wht dvie would you give student here in Chile who is trying to deide wht to study nd where to study? Emilio: I would tell them to look for something they relly enjoy doing, euse they will hve to do it 8 hours dy, every dy! So it s diffiult deision. Interviewer: Thnks Emilio, tht ws gret! Emilio:You re welome. Trk 38 pge: 100 Ativities 7 nd 8 HOW TO KEEP YOUR JOB Try to e on time. This shows they onsistently ount on you for work. Hve good ttitude everydy nd you will do etter jo. Do your est work. Find new wys to hllenge yourself through smrter, fster nd more effetive nd effiient work. Cultivte good reltionship with others. Work in tems when pproprite. Alwys e lert to trining possiilities nd new ssignments. Tke on new duties or ssignments no one wnted if you hve time. Try to prtiipte in your ompny elertions, reunions, seminrs nd ny other extrurriulr tivities you re invited to. Be net nd orgnized in ll your tsks. Appreite the jo you hve. Dre to innovte nd rete in the position you hve t work. If neessry, do wht is required even though it s not on your list of duties. Whenever you re not usy, see if you n help omplete someone else s tsks in the spirit of tem work. Do not wste your time gossiping or spreding rumours out ollegue or your ompny. Show pride in yourself nd respet towrd others. Motivte yourself nd lern the ility to work without supervision. Work to hve good nd professionl reltionship with your supervisor. 202 Trnsripts

204 Trk 39 pge: 102 Ativities 3 nd 4 Mn: Oky, Mr. Pérez. First of ll, tell me out your lst jo. Mr. Pérez: Well, I worked for five yers t Smrt Computers. Mn: Oky. Smrt Computers. And wht do you know out omputer networks nd operting systems inluding Windows, M OS X nd Linux? Mr. Pérez: Well, let me see. I don t know those films ut I n tell you for sure tht I did use omputers to wth free movies every night t my lst jo. Mn: Right. And how out tools nd skills for uilding we pges? We re looking for someone who is skilled t HTML nd CSS vlidtors, link hekers, nd n understnding of ontent on the we to rete nd mnge our site. Mr. Pérez: Umm... uh, we pge, we pge. Huh... I don t think I ve wthed tht film or is it ook nd I m frid I ve never used those HTML things. Mn: Huh?! And wht out Adoe? Mr. Pérez: Well... I think I ve tried Adoe t foreign friend s home one time ut didn t like it very muh! It tsted weird, if tht s wht you men. Mn: Oky, Mr. Pérez, I elieve I don t hve ny more questions for you. Your informtion hs een very ler! Mr. Pérez: Oh, nd I don t only wth films I lso ply omputer gmes. Mn: Right, right. Thnks Mr. Pérez. Plese don t ll us, we will ll you. Trk 40 pge: 109 My Progress Unit 5 Ativity 1 Slly: Hello Pul, re you here to see the reer ounsellor too? Pul: I m. I m surprised to see you, though. Your mother told my mother tht you were going to study Aeronuti Engineering t university next yer. Slly: Tht s my mother s pln! I wnt to tke gp yer nd trvel to Itly nd Spin. Pul: Goodness! I m plnning to eome n pprentie. It s the est of oth worlds. You get pid nd lern t the sme time. I ve lredy spoken to lol eletriin. He works with tem of pprenties. I strt in July. Slly: Sounds good! You n lern lot, nd you ll lwys hve work! Pul: How re you plnning to onvine your mother out your gp yer ide? She ll go md. Slly: Well, my next rgument is tht twenty per ent of the people who finish degree ourse never work in tht field in their life. I think mny young people nd their prents re too strutured. They think you hve to go utomtilly from primry edution, to seondry edution to university, nd then to work. Other ultures don t think the sme wy. I n go to university t ny point in my life not tht I will ever wnt to e n engineer! Pul: Um, I m onvined, ut knowing your mother Slly: Then I ll remind her of my ousin Alfred. He studied for nine yers nd fter he left university he opened n Internet fé! Trnsripts 203

205 Unit 6 Trk 42 pge: 112 Ativities 9 nd 10 Cller1: I relly like the oy next door. We ve known eh other for five yers nd we re friends. He s quite populr: he gets good mrks t shool nd he s very thleti. The prolem is I d like to go out with him. But I m not sure if he likes me in tht wy. I d love to sk him out, ut I don t wnt to ruin our friendship. Cller 2: I strted new shool lst week nd s I m quite shy, I find it diffiult to mke friends. I n t sleep t night, nd I ve een getting very d hedhes. I find it hrd to onentrte when I m in lss. Wht n I do to feel less stressed? Cller 3: My rother is doing his exms nd every time I tlk to him he gets ngry nd shouts t me. He doesn t wnt to ept ny help or dvie from me. I n t understnd him! I think he needs to relx more. Wht should I do to help him? And eg forgiveness Pled with you But I know tht It s too lte And now there s nothing I n do So I try to lugh out it Cover it ll up with lies I try to lugh out it Hiding the ters in my eyes use oys don t ry I would tell you Tht I loved you If I thought tht you would sty But I know tht it s no use Tht you ve lredy Gone wy Misjudged your limits Pushed you too fr took you for grnted I thought tht you needed me more Boys don t ry Boys don t ry Trk 43 pge: 114 Ativities 18 nd 19 I would sy I m sorry If I thought tht it would hnge your mind But I know tht this time I ve sid too muh Been too unkind I try to lugh out it Cover it ll up with lies I try nd Lugh out it Hiding the ters in my eyes use oys don t ry Boys don t ry I would rek down t your feet Trk 44 pge: 116 Ativities 6 nd 7 Converstion 1 Ben: Hi, Annie. I m doing survey on hoies nd I d like to sk you few questions. Annie: OK. Ben: Wht do you like doing in your free time? Annie: I m relly keen on listening to musi. Ben: I see. Where do you listen to musi? 204 Trnsripts

206 Annie: Everywhere I n: on the us, t home, doing exerise... Ben: Do you ever listen to musi with your friends? Annie: Oh yes, we go to eh other s houses nd listen to musi together there. My friends lso go to onerts, ut I n t go with them euse my prents worry lot out sfety, the people there nd trnsport to nd from the onert. Ben: It sounds diffiult. Annie: It is, nd I d relly like to go to the Gret Bnd onert t the end of the month nd I don t know wht to do so my prents will let me go! Ben: Oh, Good luk with your prents! Thnks for nswering my questions Annie. Annie: Bye Ben Converstion 2 Ben:Hello to oth of you. I m doing survey on teen hoies. Cn you nswer few questions? Mrio: OK, ut we hven t got muh time. Ben: It will only tke few minutes Mrio. The first question is for you then: How do you spend your free time? Mrio: I m md out skteording nd surfing. Ben: Do you skte nd surf often? Mrio: Not very often. My friends nd I meet up in the evenings nd go skting in the prk. It isn t esy to go surfing: you hve to go to the eh nd it depends on the wether. I normlly go out one week. Ben: And wht out you Ruth? Do you like surfing? Ruth: Not relly, no. I m not md out sports. My fvourite hoy is photogrphy. Ben: Gret! nd wht types of photos do you like tking? Ruth: I love tking photos of uildings in ity entres. And, of ourse, I tke lots of photos of my friends. Ben: When do you tke your photos? Ruth: Minly t weekends. Ben: Wht gret hoy! Is it expensive? Ruth: I spent lot of money on my mer, ut other thn tht, you just need time nd ptiene. Ben: OK. Thnks for nswering my questions. Ruth: No prolem. Bye. Mrio: Bye Ben, see you round. Trk 45 pge: 121 Ativity 12 I ll never forget my holidy in Cu. It ws time of ontrsts: fun nd fright, relxtion nd pni, sun nd rin. I hd gone there with my friends. We spent our time on mzing ehes, going to disos, nd eting deliious lol uisine. We hd een hving fntsti time until the end of the first week. The wether forest predited powerful hurrines for the lst dy on the islnd. My friends nd I were terrified. The first thing we did ws spek to our hotel mnger out the sitution on the islnd. He dvised us to return home efore the storm rrived. Then we lled our trvel gent to see if we ould hnge our flights nd go home erly. It ws very diffiult time. We spent most of our time mking lots of phone lls nd not doing the things we hd rrnged to do. Finlly, we got phone ll from our ntionl irline who offered to fly us home three dys erly. The wether hd een getting worse ll week, ut on our lst dy it ws very d. Before getting on the plne, it hd een rining hevily ll morning nd the wind ws lowing strongly. When I ws wlking to the txi, I ws nerly lifted off the ground y powerful gust. I ws unelievly luky: I ws rrying my suitse nd Trnsripts 205

207 the weight of it kept me on the ground. We rrived home sfely fter nine-hour flight. We didn t feel ompletely lm until we herd tht the hurrine hd voided the islnd nd ll the lovely people we hd met were unhrmed. Trk 46 pge: 122 Ativity 2 The first time I went swimming I ws eight yers old nd I went with the shool. We ll wlked to the lol puli pool. When we rrived, my est friend ws very relxed, ut I ws relly nervous. This ws my first time. The instrutor ws witing for us. Jump in! he shouted. There were thirty of us. I looked nervously t the wter nd jumped. My feet didn t touh the ottom nd I relised I ws sinking in the wter. I pniked nd I strted splshing my rms frntilly ut I ws still sinking, when suddenly someone pulled me up. It ws my est friend. Wht re you doing? he sked me. I ws exhusted, ut oughed k, Swimming...I think! We oth lughed. Trk 47 pge: 123 Pronunition Ativity 6 eight ghost ough lugh thought weigh ghetto Trk 48 pge: 129 My Progress Unit 6 Ativity 2 Mndy: Did you see the gme lst night? Alstir: No, the mthes re oring these dys. Mndy: Wht ws your fvourite gme then? Alstir: I think Liverpool nd AC Miln in the 2005 UEFA Chmpionship. Mndy: Ws it good? Alstir: Yes! AC Miln sored three gols in the first hlf of the mth. Mndy: In the first hlf? Wht d strt for Liverpool! Alstir: Tht s wht everyody thought. I men, Liverpool needed to sore four gols to win, ut well, the seond hlf ws rillint. Liverpool sored their first gol nine minutes into the seond hlf nd then they sored nother. Mndy: So tht ws three gols for AC Miln, ut only two for Liverpool. Alstir: Yeh, ut Liverpool sored gin! Both sides hd sored three gols. It ws so exiting - The tmosphere ws inredile, even on TV! Mndy: But why? Liverpool hdn t won. Alstir: No, ut the gme went to penlties nd tht s when Liverpool won. Mndy: It sounds like n exiting mth! Alstir: It ws! Liverpool won the up for the fifth time. Mndy: Five times. Tht s lot of ups. Alstir: Well, AC Miln weren t too unhppy they ve won the ompetition six times! Unit 7 Trk 50 pge: 134 Pronunition Ativity 13 But not ll is lost nd you n still live life on the move, looking nd feeling etter y dopting n improved lifestyle. Wht mkes the sitution worse is tht most of these sedentry tivities inlude food. Junk food. 206 Trnsripts

208 Trk 51 pge: 135 Ativities 2 nd 3 Not reful enough with our own helth? Rumour hs it tht we, Chilen people, re eoming fmous for d nutrition nd mentl illnesses suh s depression, stress nd eting disorders. We know we re not the only ountry in sitution like this, ut this is our ountry nd we need to do something out it. If you tke the Metro, get on ny puli trnsporttion or even drive your own r, you will see, her nd feel people of ll ges ting stressed out. They seem to e ngry ll the time, mking everyone round feel useless euse they re the only ones who hve prolems, hve lot of things to do or re lwys in hurry to e suessful. It s lrming tht mny 9 yer-old hildren in Chile hve lredy een dignosed with stress. We should not only lme the system, whih is helping us ollpse, ut onsider we hve negleted our eting hits nd physil tivity too. Unhppily, we seem to hve developed ineffetive lifestyles. Mind nd ody need to e lned. Physil Edution nd Sport should e onsidered s ore sujets in shools like Mths nd Lnguge re. Mind nd ody need to e fed nd exerised regulrly. Rememer tht y exerising our ody we help our mind produe good energy. How mny people do you see running or riding their ikes in the erly morning? You will proly see some, ut not enough. A reommendtion: e s polite s you n, try to smile. Notie how mny smile k in return. Another helthy hit to onsider. Trk 52 pge: 140 Ativities 8 nd 9 If you think siene doesn t mtter muh to you, think gin. Siene ffets us ll, ll through our life. The modern world would not e modern t ll without the dvnements of siene. Siene ffets us ll, every dy of the yer. Just try imgining dy without sientifi progress. Eletriity for exmple. Without siene, there would e no wy to use eletriity. There would e no plsti, modern griulture or modern mediine. In ft, without siene, mny people live tody would hve died of diseses tht re now esily treted. Sientifi knowledge n improve the qulity of life t mny different levels: from the routine work of our everydy lives to glol issues. Think siene! Beuse mny spets of sientifi thinking re just extensions of the wy you proly think everydy. Hve you ever seen something surprising nd tried to figure out how it hppened, or looked for more evidene to ome up with new explntion for mystery? These might seem like trivil exmples, ut in ft, they represent sientifi hits of the mind pplied to n everydy sitution. Sientists use these wys of thinking to revise their topis of study nd you n use the sme tools in your own life. Trnsripts 207

209 Trk 53 pge: 142 Ativity 3 Did you know tht you hve mny opportunities to do something good for yourself, from the time you wke up to the time you go to ed? Here we show you 5 wys to improve your helth. 1. Move your ody to mke your hert helthier. Avoid shortuts, tke the stirs, wlk to shool if possile, nd try to wlk your dog more. 2. Wth wht you et. Get in the kithen. Try to et homemde food or if you hve the hne, ook your own food! 3. Et less. The est wy to keep your ody helthy is eting less. As simple s tht. Use portion ontrol. Limit your serving size to the size of your fist, relly. Get rel. It s etter to find level of dieting nd exerise tht you n mintin ll long thn eting soup the rest of your life or going through wful diets. 4. De-stress. Relted with everything from hedhes to hert disese, stress n ffet person s physil nd mentl helth. Yog, medittion nd deep rething tehniques help diffuse stress nd its hrmful effets. 5. Sleep. Yes, true. Not sleeping enough hours uses irritility, depression nd high lood pressure. Put niotine nd ffeine wy, s they re stimulnts nd shouldn t e onsumed efore sleeping. Alohol onsumption nd hevy mels n lso interfere with good night s sleep. Trk 54 pge: 143 Pronunition Ativity 7 i gree disgree ii regulr irregulr iii virus ntivirus iv smoking non-smoking Trk 55 pge: 149 My Progress Unit 7 Ativity 1 Simon: Tody we re very hppy to welome Mrth Connolly. Mrth is n editor of the siene mgzine Wht s new? nd she s ome long tody to tell us out the world s smllest trnsistor rdio. Hello Mrth. Welome to the progrmme. Mrth: Thnk you, Simon. It s plesure to e here. Simon: So how smll is smll, Mrth? I m sure our listeners will e interested in the dimensions of this trnsistor. Mrth: Well, we re tlking out nnotehnology so everything is lredy pretty smll. This is fiftynnometre trnsistor, whih mens more or less one two-thousndth (1/2,000) the width of humn hir. Simon: Tht s smll! Mrth: Yes! The trnsistor is speil not only euse of its size, ut lso euse ll of its omponents re uilt on top of silion sheet. It s lled vertil trnsistor euse of this. Up until now trnsistors hve een horizontl. The ft tht this is vertil mens it oupies muh less spe. Simon: So, this kind of retion hs never een seen efore, hs it? Mrth: Tht s right. In ft, it hs severl novelties. One importnt differene is tht with 208 Trnsripts

210 onventionl trnsistor you only hve one gte whih swithes the urrent on nd off. The new trnsistor hs gte on eh side. In rel terms, hving two gtes mkes the proessing fster. So everything is twie s fst. Simon: So, tell us Mrth, is this new trnsistor going to reple the trditionl trnsistors? Mrth: I think so, yes. But it might tke some time. I n t see ompnies repling expensive existing trnsistors immeditely. But when they need new trnsistor, it mkes sense to develop vertil one. Simon: So Mrth, wht out the... Unit 8 Trk 57 pge: 154 Ativity 12 Chile s geogrphi rriers the Atm Desert to the north, the Andes Mountins to the est, the Ptgonin ie fields to the south, nd the Pifi Oen to the west mke Chile n uthenti griulturl islnd. Together they help mintin helthy onditions nd protet vineyrds ginst pests nd disese. And with geogrphy s diverse s in Chile, the omintion of enefiil nturl rriers nd generous Mediterrnen limte mke sustinility nd orgnis true hoie in Chilen winegrowing. In wine prodution, Chile s limte is highly influened y the ooling effet of the Pifi Oen nd the Humoldt Current. Trk 58 pge: 155 Ativity 3 Reeptionist: Good morning, Glol Trde. Mri José: Good morning. My I tlk to Json, plese? It s Mri José lling from Mining Exports in Copipó, Chile. Reeptionist: Sure, I ll put you through. Json: Hello Mri José! Wht n I help you with? Mri José: Well, the reson for my ll is tht I wnt to touh se out the new regultions oming into effet next month. Could you tell me if you hve hd hne to look them over yet? Json: I hve only tken quik look, ut I elieve most of the new regultions won t e pplile to us when we ship. There should e no need to worry s long s our shipping gents re well informed of the hnges nd the ertifites of origin re in order. Mri José: Tht s gret. However, do you know wht the different proedures for ustoms will e? As I understnd it, the regultion hnges ould ffet how we use prtiulr ontiners nd the wy we trnsport our freight. Json: No, lukily for us, ll we need to do is put some dditionl informtion on our wyills nd mke sure our pking lists reflet the sme informtion. Mri José: Wht relief! Tht relly puts my mind t ese. Json: Good, I m gld you lled then. Trk 59 pge: 160 Ativities 9 nd 10 This is the wether forest for the U.K. for the next 24 hours. Most of the ountry will strt the dy overst with few moderte showers. Over the mountin rnge, Trnsripts 209

211 you n expet hevy snow ove 2,000 meters. Ner the western osts there will e isolted pthes of fog. During the fternoon sunnier wether will extend grdully estwrds ut these ler onditions ren t expeted to reh southest Englnd efore midnight. However, in the evening, the wether will eome windy nd loudy nd tempertures will drop to 15 degrees. Trk 60 pge: 160 Pronunition Ativities 13 nd 14 low snow showers elow wether het hevy eventully flood ool loose typhoon d ie wind sky lightening e sunny humid up thunder Trk 61 pge: 164 Ativities 9 nd 10 Grndfther: Wht re you looking t? Grnddughter: It s leflet out the demonstrtion on Sturdy. I m going with some friends. Grndfther: Ah, so you re ginst the ring rod? Grnddughter: Yes, I m. If we keep destroying the woods, we won t hve ny trees left! Grndfther: But people need to move round the town nd get to work fster. If they uild the new rod, it will e lot esier. Grnddughter: It isn t just out getting to work. And nywy, I hve to trvel to ollege everydy nd I don t hve ny prolems. Grndfther: Building new rods retes employment too. Hve you nti-rod protesters thought out tht? Grnddughter: Proteting the environment n men jos s well. If we hd nturl prk or nture reserve, we would hve spe for outdoor tivities like trekking, yling nd horse riding, whih re ll relly populr in town. Grndfther: But the ring rod is progress for the town, you n t stop progress! Grnddughter: Come on Grndp! Tht s wht people sid out losing the mines. And you protested then! Grndfther: Tht ws different...nywy, they losed the mines. Trk 62 pge: 169 My Progress Unit 8 Ativity 1 Speker 1: Nowdys, plsti gs nd ottles re everywhere. I try not to uy things in plsti ontiners nd I tell shop ssistnts not to put my fruit nd vegetles into plsti gs nd I pop them stright into the trolley! Speker 2: I reyle ll my pper, glss, nd ontiners like milk rtons or yoghurt pots. There re reyling ontiners ner the house, so it s esy for me. Speker 3: My fmily uses puli trnsport! We trvel y us nd metro s muh s possile. It s nnoying when the us rrives lte or the metro is usy, ut there s no wy to void tht. Speker 4: Wter is ig prolem in my ountry. I lwys hve shower nd not th. I mke sure the wshing mhine is full efore I use it, nd I never rush my teeth with the tp running! 210 Trnsripts

212 Themti Index A Advertising : in shools. p , 60; Art: rtist. p. 35; grffiti. p. 35. C Creers: tehnil. p ; unusul. p. 97; dvie. p Climte hnge: environment. p.158, 161; reyling. p. 163; the wether. p Clothes: relted voulry (trousers, hednds, et.). p. 11. Culture: British. p. 14; hits. p. 118 ; opinions. p. 15. E Entertinment: ooks. p. 41; relity shows. p Siene: The mind. p Stories: legends. p.18 ; myths. p. 23. Teengers: reltionships. p. 43, 111, 113; sleeping hits. p. 141; typil prolems. p. 43. Tehnology: gdgets. p. 75 ; text messges. p The future: preditions. p. 82. Trvel: voulry (pssports, hek-in, et.). p. 119; holidys. p S T W Work: jos. p. 91, 96, 97; skills. p. 94, 100, 101; personlity nd work. p. 98. H Helth: dvie. p. 142, 144; lifestyles. p. ; medil terms. p. 144; nutrition. p ; prolems. p. 135, 137. Hoies: sports. p. 122, 124; weholism. p. 78; free time. p Interntionl trde: exporttion nd importtion. p. 155, 157. Internet: online shopping. p. 81; soil networks. p. 42, 71, 74. Musi: festivl. p. 32; musil genre. p. 31; singersongwriter. p. 17. Nturl resoures: Chile. p ; reltionship with the eonomy. p. 151; I M N THEMATIC INDEX 211

213 Glossry A Advie n, n opinion tht someone offers you out wht you should do or how you should t in prtiulr sitution Annoy v, to mke ngry Apperne n, the wy you look Audienes n, the group of people together in one ple to wth or listen to ply, film, someone speking, et. Averge n, the result you get y dding two or more mounts together nd dividing the totl y the numer of mounts B Bsin n, n open, round ontiner shped like owl with sloping sides, used for holding food or liquid d Dngerous dj, desries person, niml, thing, or tivity tht ould hrm you Deep dj, dv, going or eing long wy down from the top or surfe. Profound Disgreement n, n rgument or sitution in whih people do not hve the sme opinion e Employment n, the ft of someone eing pid to work for ompny or orgniztion Exitement n, feeling of eing enthusisti nd witing for something to hppen f Fil v, to not sueed in wht you re trying to hieve or re expeted to do Fright n, the feeling of fer, espeilly if felt suddenly, or n experiene of fer tht hppens suddenly i Beliefs n, the feeling of eing ertin tht something exists or is true; something tht you elieve Brek up v, to end reltionship Brodsting n, sending out progrmme on television or rdio Creer n, the jo or series of jos tht you do during your working life, espeilly if you ontinue to get etter jos nd ern more money Chrt n, drwing tht shows informtion in simple wy, often using lines nd urves to show mounts Chore n, jo or piee of work tht is often oring or unplesnt ut needs to e done regulrly Contestnt n, someone who ompetes or prtiiptes in ontest Countless dj, very mny, or too mny to e ounted Currently dv, of the present time Illness n, disese of the ody or mind Injured dj, hurt or physilly hrmed Insurne n, n greement in whih you py ompny money nd they py your osts if you hve n ident, injury, et. Investment n, the t of putting money, effort, time, et. into something to mke profit or get n dvntge, or the money, effort, time, et. used to do this j Jo n, the regulr work tht person does to ern money l Lyris n, the words of song, espeilly pop song m Minly dv, usully or to lrge degree Misjudgments n, to guess n mount or distne wrongly or to form wrong opinion 212 Glossry

214 Moreover dv, (used to dd informtion) lso nd more importntly o Overwhelm v, to use someone to feel sudden strong emotion s Skill n, n ility to do n tivity or jo well, espeilly euse you hve prtised it Speeh n, the ility to tlk, the tivity of tlking, or piee of spoken lnguge t u Unfir dj, not treting people in equl wy, or not morlly right Unhrmed dj, not hurt or dmged w Wste n, n unneessry or wrong use of money, sustnes, time, energy, ilities, et. Whole grins n, erels in their nturl stte, without mnufture Willing dj, desries someone who does their work energetilly nd enthusistilly Witness n, to see something hppen Worried dj, unhppy euse you re thinking out prolems or unplesnt things tht my hppen To roden v, to mke/eome wider, or to use something to eome wider To ondut v, to orgnize nd perform prtiulr tivity To redit v, to elieve - to elieve something tht my not e true To enourge v, motivte nd give onfidene to someone to do something or to mke something more likely to hppen To forid v, not to llow something, espeilly offiilly, or to prevent prtiulr pln of tion y mking it impossile To gr v, to tke hold of something or someone suddenly nd roughly with your hnd To get hooked v, + dj, informl - enjoying something so muh tht you don t wnt or re unle to stop hving it, wthing it, doing it To grnt v, to give or llow someone something, usully in n offiil wy To infer v, to form n opinion or guess tht something is true euse of the informtion tht you hve To supply v, to provide something tht is wnted or needed, often in lrge quntities nd over long period of time 213 Glossry

215 Biliogrphy Cmpell, R., Holley, G., Metlf, R. (2009d). English In motion 4. Oxford: Rihmond. Cmpell, R., Holley, G., Metlf, R. (2009). English In motion 3. Oxford: Rihmond. Cunninghm, S., & Bowler, B. (1999). The New Hedwy Pronunition Course. Oxford University Press. Downie, M., Gry, D., & Jiménez, J.M. (2011). Trget B1,Students ook, Workook, &Tehers ook. Oxford, Ox: Rihmond. Downie, M., Gry, D., & Jiménez, J.M. (2011). Trget B1+, Students ook, Workook, & Tehers ook. Oxford, Ox: Rihmond. Fidlgo.A, Fontnillo. A, & Myorg, I. (2010). In Ger 1, Students ook, Tehers ook, Teher s resoure ook, & Workook. Oxford, Ox: Rihmond Fidlgo.A, Fontnillo. A, & Myorg, I. (2010). In Ger 2, Students ook, Tehers ook, Teher s resoure ook, & Workook. Oxford: Rihmond. Hrmer, J. (2007). The Prtie of English Lnguge Tehing. Person Longmn. Murphy, R. (2004). Grmmr in Use. Cmridge University Press. Leigh, A., & Rollin. N. (1995). Rihmond ompt ditionry. Sntilln. Murphy, R. (2004). Grmmr in Use. Cmridge University Press. Thornury, S. (2002). How to Teh Voulry. Person Longmn. Srivener, J. (2011). Lerning Tehing. Mmilln. Swn, M., & Wlter, C. (2001). The Good Grmmr Book. Oxford University Press. Ur, P., & Wright, A. (1992). Five-Minute Ativities. Cmridge University Press. Ur, P. (2012). Voulry Ativities. Cmridge University Press. Wesites Biliogrphy

216 Irregulr Vers Infinitive Pst simple Pst prtiiple Infinitive Pst simple Pst prtiiple e ws/were een et et eten eome eme eome egin egn egun ite it itten rek roke roken ring rought rought uild uilt uilt uy ought ought th ught ught hoose hose hosen ome me ome ost ost ost ut ut ut do did done drw drew drwn drem dremt/dremed dremt/dremed drink drnk drunk drive drove driven et te eten fll fell fllen feed fed fed feel felt felt fight fought fought find found found fly flew flown forget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozen get got got give gve given go went gone grow grew grown hve hd hd her herd herd hide hid hidden hit hit hit hold held held keep kept kept know knew known ly lid lid lern lernt/lerned lernt/lerned leve left left let let let lose lost lost mke mde mde men ment ment meet met met py pid pid put put put red red red ride rode ridden ring rng rung run rn run sy sid sid see sw seen sell sold sold send sent sent shoot shot shot show showed shown shut shut shut sing sng sung sink snk sunk sit st st sleep slept slept smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled spek spoke spoken spend spent spent stnd stood stood stel stole stolen swim swm swum tke took tken teh tught tught tell told told think thought thought understnd understood understood wer wore worn win won won write wrote written Biliogrphy 215

217

218 Ediión Espeil pr el Ministerio de Eduión Prohiid su omerilizión