A Look Inside Smartphone and Tablets

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Melinda Hudson
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1 A Look Inside Smartphone and Tablets Devices and Trends John Scott-Thomas TechInsights Semicon West July 9, 2013

2 Teardown 400 phones and tablets a year Four areas: Customer Focus Camera Display Manufacturer Focus Memory Applications Processor Final 10 minutes 2 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

3 Different views: the mechanical slice Samsung Galaxy S4 3 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

4 PCB slice 4 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

5 PCB slice- Identify parts 5 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

6 OEM Slice 6 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

7 Value slice 7 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

8 Functional Slice 8 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

9 Display Camera Display Memory Applications Processor AMOLED vs LCD Touchscreen integration: cover glass or display. Power consumption Will IGZO change the industry? 9 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

10 LCD vs. AMOLED Basics Liquid Crystal Display Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode Both use Thin Film Transistors made of Amorphous Silicon. 10 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

11 Teardown- Nokia Lumia I Inside Smartphones and Tablets Touchscreen Integrated with cover glass. Estimated price: $20.24

12 Display Pixels Control transistors on back. LCD AMOLED BlackBerry Z10 Samsung Galaxy S4 Control transistors on back. 12 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

13 Display Comparison Blackberry Z10 HTC One Apple iphone 5 Nokia Lumia 928 Samsung Galaxy S4 Apple ipad 4 Microsoft Surface Pro Phone Phone Phone Phone Phone Tablet Tablet Display Size Technology LCD LCD LCD AMOLED Super AMOLED Resolution 1280x x x x x x x1080 LCD Pixels/Inch Touchscreen Integration Cover Glass LCD Display Display Display Display Display Display Cost (USD) $44.99 $32.89 $30.43 $43.89 $38.13 $77.73 $ I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

6 Technology LCD LCD LCD AMOLED Super AMOLED Resolution 1280x768 1920x1080 1136x640 1280x768 1920x1080 2048x1536 1920x1080 LCD Pixels/Inch

14 LCD vs. AMOLED : Power Consumption Source: phonearena.com 14 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

15 Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide: Future wave? Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide: amorphous semiconductor. Better control transistors than amorphous silicon. Better translucency. Developed by Sharp and Semiconductor Energy Laboratories. 40 times higher electron mobility than amorphous- Si. Cheaper, lower power, higher speed. 15 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

Better control transistors than amorphous silicon. Better translucency.

16 Application Processors Camera Display Memory Applications Processor 16 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

17 Applications Processor Issues Single most valuable piece of silicon in a phone (~ $40 USD). Optimal number of cores? How many GPU cores? Integrate baseband processor? Package interface to DRAM? Rest of Phone Transceiver Baseband Processor Applications Processor 17 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets Memory DRAM

Integrate baseband processor? Package interface to DRAM?

18 Processor-to-DRAM Package Package-On-Package Smartphones (Lumia 920) 18 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets Package-Under-Package Tablets (ipad 4)

19 Application Processor in Devices: Comparison Processor Number of Cores Number of GPU Cores Baseband Integrated Package Connection to DRAM Blackberry Z10 HTC One X+ Apple iphone 5 Nokia Lumia 928 Samsung Galaxy S4 Apple ipad 4 Microsoft Surface Pro Phone Phone Phone Phone Phone Tablet Tablet Qualcomm MSM8960 Nvidia Tegra 3 Apple A6 Qualcomm Snapdragon S4 Exynos 5410 Apple A6X ? Yes Yes No No No - POP 2 GB LPDDR2 POP 1 GB POP 1 GB LPDDR2 POP LPDDR2 POP LPDDR3 PUP 512 MB LPDDR2 Intel i5-3317u Ivy Bridge PUP 512 MB LPDDR3 Cost $25.12 $30.89 $33.20 $25.12 $ $39.54 $ I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

Tegra 3 Apple A6 Qualcomm Snapdragon S4 Exynos 5410 Apple A6X 2 4 2 2 8 2 2?

20 Bare Die View Cores and GPUS Dual ARMv7 Swift SGX 543MP3 Tricore GPU Apple A6 32 nm HKMG Exynos 5410 Octa 28 nm HKMG 20 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets Source: The Linley Group

21 World War III Intel Silvermont NVIDIA Tegra Apple A5,A6,A6X Qualcomm Snapdragon Mediatek MT Series Samsung Exynos Texas Instruments OMAP Broadcom? 21 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

22 Memory Camera Display Memory Applications Processor DRAM POP vs. PUP Wide I/O vs. LPDDR3 NAND Flash Density Increase, Price Decrease Linewidth Reduction Multi-Level Cells Stacked Die 22 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

23 DRAM High speed and high data rates between memory and Apps Processor required. Right now: LPDDR2 -> LPDDR3 Package-On-Package for Smartphones Package-Under-Package for Tablets (less expensive) Applications Processor Memory DRAM 23 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

24 Galaxy S4: first LPDDR3 24 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

25 Soon: LPDDR3 vs. Wide I/O Wide IO LPDDR3 Power 1.2 Volts 1.2 Volts Speed 200 Mbps 1600 Mbps Data width 512 bits 32 or 64 bits Data rate single double Maximum channel bandwidth 12.8 Gbps 6.4 Gbps 32 bits) TSV (Through Silicon Vias) Required. Source: Synopsis 25 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

26 Intel revisiting DRAM Embedded DRAM combined with CPU or separate chip. 26 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets Source: 2013 Symposium on VLSI Technology A 22 nm High Performance Embedded DRAM SOC Technology Featuring Tri-gate Transistors and MIMCAP COB Session 2-1

27 NAND Flash: SSD on a Phone Cost reduction is the driver % per year less expensive. Stacked Dice Linewidth Multi-Level Cells 3D NAND 15 nm in 2013 Late I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

28 Samsung Galaxy S4 28 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

29 NAND Flash Roadmap 29 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

30 Air Gaps: Toshiba/Sandisk 19 nm NAND Found in the iphone 5 30 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

31 Cameras- killing an industry Camera Display Memory Applications Processor Point-and-Shoot Sales 109 million (2010) 79 million (2012) Flickr: Top 3 Cameras iphone 4 iphone 4s iphone 5 31 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

32 What s Inside 32 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets ipad 4 Main Camera Galaxy S4 Main Camera Main Camera Front Camera CMOS Sensor, 5-13MP CMOS Sensor, 2 MP Backside Sensor Backside or Frontside 5 element lens 2-4 element lens Autofocus (use VCM) Fixed Focus $10-12! ~ $3

33 Megapixel Myth 13 Mpixels is already too much! Basic optical limit already hit. Signal more important than number of pixels. Most photos destined for web or screen. 33 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets Source: Brian Klug, AnandTech.com

34 Collect All The Photons 34 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets Source: Sony

35 Optical Design Plastic lenses: PMMA, Polystyrene, ZEONEX Small form factor: focal length ~ 5mm, F number of Multiple lenses to correct for aberrations. 35 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets Source: US Patent 8,320,060 B2 Assignee: Samsung Electro-Mechanics

36 Edge of the Array is Hard Plastic lenses: PMMA, Polystyrene, ZEONEX Small form factor: focal length ~ 5mm, F number of Multiple lenses to correct for aberrations. 36 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets Source: US Patent 8,320,060 B2 Assignee: Samsung Electro-Mechanics

37 Trends: Incremental Improvements in 2013 Camera Enough pixels Better focus Sensitivity Display AMOLED Power Reduction Memory DRAM: Wide IO Flash : 3D Applications Processor 4-6 cores Baseband integration 37 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

38 Trends: Smartphones for the World 38 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets Source: The Linley Group

39 Trends: The High End 39 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets Source: National Geographic

40 smartphone SMARTphone 40 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

41 Too Much Information! Money Share Things Keys Medical TV 41 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

42 Information Wave There was a turning point around the year it became cheaper to collect information than to understand it. Freeman Dyson Or. Value is in enabling understanding. 42 I Inside Smartphones and Tablets

4G Ready Mobiles - Apple Devices

4G Ready Mobiles - Apple Devices iphone 5s iphone 5c Dimensions 123.8 x 58.6 x 7.6mm Weight 112g LED-backlit IPS LCD, capacitive Size 640 x 1136 pixels, 4.0 inches /32GB/64GB Camera 8 MP (Rear) 1.2MP (Front)