Astro Lecture 11 Newton s laws
|
|
|
- Cameron Austin
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Astro Lecture 11 Newton s laws Twin Sungrazing comets 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture
2 Understanding Newton s 3 rd law Weight = force that acts upon an object due to acceleration of gravity Let R = reaction force = - ma (a= acceleration of elevator) F = force on scale inside elevator F = mg + R F = mg F(elev) = ma R = 0 F = mg R = ma R = -ma R = -mg F = mg + ma F = mg - ma F = mg mg = 0 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 2
3 Conservation Laws in Astronomy [Section 4.3] Our goals for learning: What keeps a planet rotating and orbiting the Sun? Where do objects get their energy? 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 3
4 1. Conservation of Momentum: Linear momentum The total momentum of interacting objects cannot change unless an external force is acting on them. Interacting objects exchange momentum through equal and opposite forces. 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 4
5 1. Conservation of Momentum: Linear momentum (cont d) Newton s 2 nd law: Object 1 exerts a force that will change the momentum of object 2 Newton s 3 rd law: Object 2 exerts an equal and opposite force on object 1 momentum(1) = - momentum(2) Total momentum of colliding objects is conserved 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 5
6 Conservation of Angular Momentum m x v x r = constant or What keeps a planet rotating and orbiting the Sun? r greater so v is smaller r smaller so v is greater v = velocity v r = average distance from the Sun 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 6
7 Angular momentum conservation also explains why objects rotate faster as they shrink in radius Extending arms means larger radius, so smaller velocity of rotation Bringing arms in reduces the radius, so increases rotational velocity 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 7
8 Conservation of Angular Momentum The angular momentum of an object cannot change unless an external twisting force (torque) is acting on it. Earth experiences no twisting force as it orbits the Sun, so its rotation rate and orbit must stay about the same But Earth is very gradually transferring some of its rotational angular momentum to the Moon, and is gradually slowing down Clouds of gas, spinning disks orbiting young stars: They will start to spin faster as gravity makes them shrink in size 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 8
9 2. Conservation of Energy Energy cannot appear out of nowhere or disappear into nothingness. Objects can gain or lose energy only by exchanging energy with other objects All actions in the universe involve exchanges of energy or the conversion of energy from one form to another The total energy content of the universe was determined in the Big Bang and remains the same today. Energy can change type but cannot be destroyed. 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 9
10 Kinetic (motion): Moving objects Thermal energy Radiative energy: carried by light Potential or Stored energy: Basic Types of Energy Gravitational potential energy Mass energy Chemical energy 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 10
11 Thermal Energy, a form of Kinetic Energy the collective/total kinetic energy of many particles moving randomly within a substance, like a rock, the air or the gas within a distant star Thermal energy is related to temperature but it is NOT the same. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the many particles in a substance. particles, on average have a higher kinetic energy, move faster 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 11
12 Thermal energy is a measure of the total kinetic energy of all the particles in a substance. It therefore depends on both temperature AND density. But water in the pot contains more thermal energy because of its much higher density Air in oven at 400 F is hotter than the boiling water (212 F) in the pot 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 12
13 Common Temperature Scales Absolute zero Kelvin is when all motion stops 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 13
14 Energy due to movement of object Example of kinetic energy due to motion E k = ½ m v 2 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 14
15 Exercise Compare kinetic energy of a car traveling at 100 km/hr with one traveling at 50 km/hr 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 15
16 Gravitational Potential Energy E g = m g h On Earth, it depends on an object s mass (m). the strength of gravity (g). the distance an object could potentially fall. 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 16
17 Gravitational Potential Energy E g = m g h In space, an object or gas cloud has more gravitational potential energy when it is spread out than when it contracts. A contracting cloud converts gravitational potential energy to thermal energy. o h h 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 17
18 Mass-Energy Mass itself is a form of potential energy. E = 2 mc A small amount of mass can release a great deal of energy. Concentrated energy can spontaneously turn into particles (for example, in particle accelerators). 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 18
19 Energy comparisons Energy of sunlight at Earth (per square meter per second) Energy from metabolism of 1 candy bar 1 x 10 6 Energy needed to walk for 1 hour 1 x 10 6 Daily food energy need of average adult 1 x x 10 3 joules Energy released by fission of 1 kg of U x Energy released by 1 megaton H-bomb 5 x Energy released by major (magnitude 8) earthquake Energy released by a supernova /02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 19
20 What have we learned? What keeps a planet rotating and orbiting the Sun? Conservation of angular momentum Where do objects get their energy? Conservation of energy: Energy cannot be created or destroyed but only transformed from one type to another. Energy comes in three basic types: kinetic, potential, radiative. 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 20
21 The Force of Gravity [Section 4.4 ] Our goals for learning: What determines the strength of gravity? How does Newton s law of gravity extend Kepler s laws? How do gravity and energy together allow us to understand orbits? How does gravity cause tides? 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 21
22 What determines the strength of gravity? The Universal Law of Gravitation: 1. Every mass attracts every other mass. 2. Attraction is directly proportional to the product of their masses. 3. Attraction is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. 11/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 22
23 Exercise Compare the strength of gravity between Earth and Sun to that between Earth and Moon M(Sun) = kg M(Moon) = kg d(earth-sun) = 1.5x10 8 km d(earth-moon) = km G = m 3 /kg s /02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 23
24 g = 9.8 m/s /02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 11 24
A. 81 2 = 6561 times greater. B. 81 times greater. C. equally strong. D. 1/81 as great. E. (1/81) 2 = 1/6561 as great.
Q12.1 The mass of the Moon is 1/81 of the mass of the Earth. Compared to the gravitational force that the Earth exerts on the Moon, the gravitational force that the Moon exerts on the Earth is A. 81 2
Name Class Period. F = G m 1 m 2 d 2. G =6.67 x 10-11 Nm 2 /kg 2
Gravitational Forces 13.1 Newton s Law of Universal Gravity Newton discovered that gravity is universal. Everything pulls on everything else in the universe in a way that involves only mass and distance.
Newton s Law of Gravity
Gravitational Potential Energy On Earth, depends on: object s mass (m) strength of gravity (g) distance object could potentially fall Gravitational Potential Energy In space, an object or gas cloud has
Use the following information to deduce that the gravitational field strength at the surface of the Earth is approximately 10 N kg 1.
IB PHYSICS: Gravitational Forces Review 1. This question is about gravitation and ocean tides. (b) State Newton s law of universal gravitation. Use the following information to deduce that the gravitational
Lecture 7 Formation of the Solar System. Nebular Theory. Origin of the Solar System. Origin of the Solar System. The Solar Nebula
Origin of the Solar System Lecture 7 Formation of the Solar System Reading: Chapter 9 Quiz#2 Today: Lecture 60 minutes, then quiz 20 minutes. Homework#1 will be returned on Thursday. Our theory must explain
GRAVITATIONAL FIELDS PHYSICS 20 GRAVITATIONAL FORCES. Gravitational Fields (or Acceleration Due to Gravity) Symbol: Definition: Units:
GRAVITATIONAL FIELDS Gravitational Fields (or Acceleration Due to Gravity) Symbol: Definition: Units: Formula Description This is the formula for force due to gravity or as we call it, weight. Relevant
Astronomy 110 Homework #04 Assigned: 02/06/2007 Due: 02/13/2007. Name:
Astronomy 110 Homework #04 Assigned: 02/06/2007 Due: 02/13/2007 Name: Directions: Listed below are twenty (20) multiple-choice questions based on the material covered by the lectures this past week. Choose
Work and Energy. Work = Force Distance. Work increases the energy of an object. Energy can be converted back to work.
Work and Energy Ch. 6 Work = Force Distance Work increases the energy of an object. Energy can be converted back to work. Therefore, energy and work have the same unit: Newton meter = Nm Energy per gram,
Exam # 1 Thu 10/06/2010 Astronomy 100/190Y Exploring the Universe Fall 11 Instructor: Daniela Calzetti
Exam # 1 Thu 10/06/2010 Astronomy 100/190Y Exploring the Universe Fall 11 Instructor: Daniela Calzetti INSTRUCTIONS: Please, use the `bubble sheet and a pencil # 2 to answer the exam questions, by marking
Name: Partners: Period: Coaster Option: 1. In the space below, make a sketch of your roller coaster.
1. In the space below, make a sketch of your roller coaster. 2. On your sketch, label different areas of acceleration. Put a next to an area of negative acceleration, a + next to an area of positive acceleration,
ch 15 practice test Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
ch 15 practice test Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Work is a transfer of a. energy. c. mass. b. force. d. motion. 2. What
Chapter 6. Work and Energy
Chapter 6 Work and Energy The concept of forces acting on a mass (one object) is intimately related to the concept of ENERGY production or storage. A mass accelerated to a non-zero speed carries energy
Name Class Date. true
Exercises 131 The Falling Apple (page 233) 1 Describe the legend of Newton s discovery that gravity extends throughout the universe According to legend, Newton saw an apple fall from a tree and realized
Halliday, Resnick & Walker Chapter 13. Gravitation. Physics 1A PHYS1121 Professor Michael Burton
Halliday, Resnick & Walker Chapter 13 Gravitation Physics 1A PHYS1121 Professor Michael Burton II_A2: Planetary Orbits in the Solar System + Galaxy Interactions (You Tube) 21 seconds 13-1 Newton's Law
PHY231 Section 2, Form A March 22, 2012. 1. Which one of the following statements concerning kinetic energy is true?
1. Which one of the following statements concerning kinetic energy is true? A) Kinetic energy can be measured in watts. B) Kinetic energy is always equal to the potential energy. C) Kinetic energy is always
DIRECT ORBITAL DYNAMICS: USING INDEPENDENT ORBITAL TERMS TO TREAT BODIES AS ORBITING EACH OTHER DIRECTLY WHILE IN MOTION
1 DIRECT ORBITAL DYNAMICS: USING INDEPENDENT ORBITAL TERMS TO TREAT BODIES AS ORBITING EACH OTHER DIRECTLY WHILE IN MOTION Daniel S. Orton email: dsorton1@gmail.com Abstract: There are many longstanding
Chapter 8 Welcome to the Solar System
Chapter 8 Welcome to the Solar System 8.1 The Search for Origins What properties of our solar system must a formation theory explain? What theory best explains the features of our solar system? What properties
TEACHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION THERMAL ENERGY
TEACHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION THERMAL ENERGY In general, when an object performs work on another object, it does not transfer all of its energy to that object. Some of the energy is lost as heat due to
Halliday, Resnick & Walker Chapter 13. Gravitation. Physics 1A PHYS1121 Professor Michael Burton
Halliday, Resnick & Walker Chapter 13 Gravitation Physics 1A PHYS1121 Professor Michael Burton II_A2: Planetary Orbits in the Solar System + Galaxy Interactions (You Tube) 21 seconds 13-1 Newton's Law
Name: Earth 110 Exploration of the Solar System Assignment 1: Celestial Motions and Forces Due in class Tuesday, Jan. 20, 2015
Name: Earth 110 Exploration of the Solar System Assignment 1: Celestial Motions and Forces Due in class Tuesday, Jan. 20, 2015 Why are celestial motions and forces important? They explain the world around
Gravitational Potential Energy
Gravitational Potential Energy Consider a ball falling from a height of y 0 =h to the floor at height y=0. A net force of gravity has been acting on the ball as it drops. So the total work done on the
Summary: Four Major Features of our Solar System
Summary: Four Major Features of our Solar System How did the solar system form? According to the nebular theory, our solar system formed from the gravitational collapse of a giant cloud of interstellar
Chapter 8 Formation of the Solar System. What theory best explains the features of our solar system? Close Encounter Hypothesis
Chapter 8 Formation of the Solar System What properties of our solar system must a formation theory explain? 1. Patterns of motion of the large bodies Orbit in same direction and plane 2. Existence of
BHS Freshman Physics Review. Chapter 2 Linear Motion Physics is the oldest science (astronomy) and the foundation for every other science.
BHS Freshman Physics Review Chapter 2 Linear Motion Physics is the oldest science (astronomy) and the foundation for every other science. Galileo (1564-1642): 1 st true scientist and 1 st person to use
Practice TEST 2. Explain your reasoning
Practice TEST 2 1. Imagine taking an elevator ride from the1 st floor to the 10 th floor of a building. While moving between the 1 st and 2 nd floors the elevator speeds up, but then moves at a constant
PHY231 Section 1, Form B March 22, 2012
1. A car enters a horizontal, curved roadbed of radius 50 m. The coefficient of static friction between the tires and the roadbed is 0.20. What is the maximum speed with which the car can safely negotiate
In science, energy is the ability to do work. Work is done when a force causes an
What is energy? In science, energy is the ability to do work. Work is done when a force causes an object to move in the direction of the force. Energy is expressed in units of joules (J). A joule is calculated
Physics 1A Lecture 10C
Physics 1A Lecture 10C "If you neglect to recharge a battery, it dies. And if you run full speed ahead without stopping for water, you lose momentum to finish the race. --Oprah Winfrey Static Equilibrium
Name: Date: Period: Gravity Study Guide
Vocabulary: Define the following terms. Law of Universal Gravitation Gravity Study Guide Weight Weightlessness Gravitational Field Black hole Escape velocity Math: Be able to use the equation for the law
Center of Gravity. We touched on this briefly in chapter 7! x 2
Center of Gravity We touched on this briefly in chapter 7! x 1 x 2 cm m 1 m 2 This was for what is known as discrete objects. Discrete refers to the fact that the two objects separated and individual.
1.1 A Modern View of the Universe" Our goals for learning: What is our place in the universe?"
Chapter 1 Our Place in the Universe 1.1 A Modern View of the Universe What is our place in the universe? What is our place in the universe? How did we come to be? How can we know what the universe was
STATICS. Introduction VECTOR MECHANICS FOR ENGINEERS: Eighth Edition CHAPTER. Ferdinand P. Beer E. Russell Johnston, Jr.
Eighth E CHAPTER VECTOR MECHANICS FOR ENGINEERS: STATICS Ferdinand P. Beer E. Russell Johnston, Jr. Introduction Lecture Notes: J. Walt Oler Texas Tech University Contents What is Mechanics? Fundamental
Physics 111: Lecture 4: Chapter 4 - Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion. Physics is about forces and how the world around us reacts to these forces.
Physics 111: Lecture 4: Chapter 4 - Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion Physics is about forces and how the world around us reacts to these forces. Whats a force? Contact and non-contact forces. Whats a
What is Energy? What is the relationship between energy and work?
What is Energy? What is the relationship between energy and work? Compare kinetic and potential energy What are the different types of energy? What is energy? Energy is the ability to do work. Great, but
Physical Science Chapter 2. Forces
Physical Science Chapter 2 Forces The Nature of Force By definition, a Force is a push or a pull. A Push Or A Pull Just like Velocity & Acceleration Forces have both magnitude and direction components
The Hidden Lives of Galaxies. Jim Lochner, USRA & NASA/GSFC
The Hidden Lives of Galaxies Jim Lochner, USRA & NASA/GSFC What is a Galaxy? Solar System Distance from Earth to Sun = 93,000,000 miles = 8 light-minutes Size of Solar System = 5.5 light-hours What is
Q3.2.a The gravitational force exerted by a planet on one of its moons is 3e23 newtons when the moon is at a particular location.
Q3.2.a The gravitational force exerted by a planet on one of its moons is 3e23 newtons when the moon is at a particular location. If the mass of the moon were three times as large, what would the force
Notes: Most of the material in this chapter is taken from Young and Freedman, Chap. 13.
Chapter 5. Gravitation Notes: Most of the material in this chapter is taken from Young and Freedman, Chap. 13. 5.1 Newton s Law of Gravitation We have already studied the effects of gravity through the
Wind Turbines. Wind Turbines 2. Wind Turbines 4. Wind Turbines 3. Wind Turbines 5. Wind Turbines 6
Wind Turbines 1 Wind Turbines 2 Introductory Question Wind Turbines You and a child half your height lean out over the edge of a pool at the same angle. If you both let go simultaneously, who will tip
GRADE 8 SCIENCE INSTRUCTIONAL TASKS. Gravity
GRADE 8 SCIENCE INSTRUCTIONAL TASKS Gravity Grade-Level Expectations The exercises in these instructional tasks address content related to the following science grade-level expectation(s): ESS-M-C3 Relate
Newton s Laws of Motion
Newton s Laws of Motion The Earth revolves around the sun in an elliptical orbit. The moon orbits the Earth in the same way. But what keeps the Earth and the moon in orbit? Why don t they just fly off
Indiana's Academic Standards 2010 ICP Indiana's Academic Standards 2016 ICP. map) that describe the relationship acceleration, velocity and distance.
.1.1 Measure the motion of objects to understand.1.1 Develop graphical, the relationships among distance, velocity and mathematical, and pictorial acceleration. Develop deeper understanding through representations
Astronomy 1140 Quiz 1 Review
Astronomy 1140 Quiz 1 Review Prof. Pradhan September 15, 2015 What is Science? 1. Explain the difference between astronomy and astrology. (a) Astrology: nonscience using zodiac sign to predict the future/personality
PS-6.2 Explain the factors that determine potential and kinetic energy and the transformation of one to the other.
PS-6.1 Explain how the law of conservation of energy applies to the transformation of various forms of energy (including mechanical energy, electrical energy, chemical energy, light energy, sound energy,
Chapter 3.8 & 6 Solutions
Chapter 3.8 & 6 Solutions P3.37. Prepare: We are asked to find period, speed and acceleration. Period and frequency are inverses according to Equation 3.26. To find speed we need to know the distance traveled
Energy What is Energy? Energy is the ability to do work. Any object that has energy has the ability to create force. Energy is one of the fundamental building blocks of our universe. Energy appears in
Lecture 10 Formation of the Solar System January 6c, 2014
1 Lecture 10 Formation of the Solar System January 6c, 2014 2 Orbits of the Planets 3 Clues for the Formation of the SS All planets orbit in roughly the same plane about the Sun. All planets orbit in the
This paper is also taken for the relevant Examination for the Associateship. For Second Year Physics Students Wednesday, 4th June 2008: 14:00 to 16:00
Imperial College London BSc/MSci EXAMINATION June 2008 This paper is also taken for the relevant Examination for the Associateship SUN, STARS, PLANETS For Second Year Physics Students Wednesday, 4th June
Lecture 13. Gravity in the Solar System
Lecture 13 Gravity in the Solar System Guiding Questions 1. How was the heliocentric model established? What are monumental steps in the history of the heliocentric model? 2. How do Kepler s three laws
circular motion & gravitation physics 111N
circular motion & gravitation physics 111N uniform circular motion an object moving around a circle at a constant rate must have an acceleration always perpendicular to the velocity (else the speed would
Dynamics of Iain M. Banks Orbitals. Richard Kennaway. 12 October 2005
Dynamics of Iain M. Banks Orbitals Richard Kennaway 12 October 2005 Note This is a draft in progress, and as such may contain errors. Please do not cite this without permission. 1 The problem An Orbital
Class 2 Solar System Characteristics Formation Exosolar Planets
Class 1 Introduction, Background History of Modern Astronomy The Night Sky, Eclipses and the Seasons Kepler's Laws Newtonian Gravity General Relativity Matter and Light Telescopes Class 2 Solar System
From Aristotle to Newton
From Aristotle to Newton The history of the Solar System (and the universe to some extent) from ancient Greek times through to the beginnings of modern physics. The Geocentric Model Ancient Greek astronomers
Forces. When an object is pushed or pulled, we say that a force is exerted on it.
Forces When an object is pushed or pulled, we say that a force is exerted on it. Forces can Cause an object to start moving Change the speed of a moving object Cause a moving object to stop moving Change
2. Orbits. FER-Zagreb, Satellite communication systems 2011/12
2. Orbits Topics Orbit types Kepler and Newton laws Coverage area Influence of Earth 1 Orbit types According to inclination angle Equatorial Polar Inclinational orbit According to shape Circular orbit
Physics 11 Assignment KEY Dynamics Chapters 4 & 5
Physics Assignment KEY Dynamics Chapters 4 & 5 ote: for all dynamics problem-solving questions, draw appropriate free body diagrams and use the aforementioned problem-solving method.. Define the following
Lecture 17. Last time we saw that the rotational analog of Newton s 2nd Law is
Lecture 17 Rotational Dynamics Rotational Kinetic Energy Stress and Strain and Springs Cutnell+Johnson: 9.4-9.6, 10.1-10.2 Rotational Dynamics (some more) Last time we saw that the rotational analog of
Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation
Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation The greatest moments in science are when two phenomena that were considered completely separate suddenly are seen as just two different versions of the same thing.
Newton s Laws Quiz Review
Newton s Laws Quiz Review Name Hour To be properly prepared for this quiz you should be able to do the following: 1) state each of Newton s three laws of motion 2) pick out examples of the three laws from
Orbital Mechanics. Angular Momentum
Orbital Mechanics The objects that orbit earth have only a few forces acting on them, the largest being the gravitational pull from the earth. The trajectories that satellites or rockets follow are largely
Chapter 10 Rotational Motion. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 10 Rotational Motion Angular Quantities Units of Chapter 10 Vector Nature of Angular Quantities Constant Angular Acceleration Torque Rotational Dynamics; Torque and Rotational Inertia Solving Problems
Conceptual: 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 16, 18, 19. Problems: 4, 6, 8, 11, 16, 20, 23, 27, 34, 41, 45, 56, 60, 65. Conceptual Questions
Conceptual: 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 16, 18, 19 Problems: 4, 6, 8, 11, 16, 20, 23, 27, 34, 41, 45, 56, 60, 65 Conceptual Questions 1. The magnetic field cannot be described as the magnetic force per unit charge
The Layout of the Solar System
The Layout of the Solar System Planets fall into two main categories Terrestrial (i.e. Earth-like) Jovian (i.e. Jupiter-like or gaseous) [~5000 kg/m 3 ] [~1300 kg/m 3 ] What is density? Average density
Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation describes the attractive gravitational force that exists between any two bodies with the following equation:
Newton s Laws & Gravitation Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation describes the attractive gravitational force that exists between any two bodies with the following equation: F G = GMm 2 r G is the gravitational
Lecture PowerPoints. Chapter 7 Physics: Principles with Applications, 6 th edition Giancoli
Lecture PowerPoints Chapter 7 Physics: Principles with Applications, 6 th edition Giancoli 2005 Pearson Prentice Hall This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the
Lesson 6: Earth and the Moon
Lesson 6: Earth and the Moon Reading Assignment Chapter 7.1: Overall Structure of Planet Earth Chapter 7.3: Earth s Interior More Precisely 7-2: Radioactive Dating Chapter 7.5: Earth s Magnetosphere Chapter
Chapter 8 Formation of the Solar System Agenda
Chapter 8 Formation of the Solar System Agenda Announce: Mercury Transit Part 2 of Projects due next Thursday Ch. 8 Formation of the Solar System Philip on The Physics of Star Trek Radiometric Dating Lab
Physics: Principles and Applications, 6e Giancoli Chapter 4 Dynamics: Newton's Laws of Motion
Physics: Principles and Applications, 6e Giancoli Chapter 4 Dynamics: Newton's Laws of Motion Conceptual Questions 1) Which of Newton's laws best explains why motorists should buckle-up? A) the first law
momentum change per impact The average rate of change of momentum = Time interval between successive impacts 2m x 2l / x m x m x 2 / l P = l 2 P = l 3
Kinetic Molecular Theory This explains the Ideal Gas Pressure olume and Temperature behavior It s based on following ideas:. Any ordinary sized or macroscopic sample of gas contains large number of molecules.
At the skate park on the ramp
At the skate park on the ramp 1 On the ramp When a cart rolls down a ramp, it begins at rest, but starts moving downward upon release covers more distance each second When a cart rolls up a ramp, it rises
Inertia, Forces, and Acceleration: The Legacy of Sir Isaac Newton
Inertia, Forces, and Acceleration: The Legacy of Sir Isaac Newton Position is a Vector Compare A A ball is 12 meters North of the Sun God to A A ball is 10 meters from here A vector has both a direction
L3: The formation of the Solar System
credit: NASA L3: The formation of the Solar System UCL Certificate of astronomy Dr. Ingo Waldmann A stable home The presence of life forms elsewhere in the Universe requires a stable environment where
Physics Midterm Review Packet January 2010
Physics Midterm Review Packet January 2010 This Packet is a Study Guide, not a replacement for studying from your notes, tests, quizzes, and textbook. Midterm Date: Thursday, January 28 th 8:15-10:15 Room:
Current Staff Course Unit/ Length. Basic Outline/ Structure. Unit Objectives/ Big Ideas. Properties of Waves A simple wave has a PH: Sound and Light
Current Staff Course Unit/ Length August August September September October Unit Objectives/ Big Ideas Basic Outline/ Structure PS4- Types of Waves Because light can travel through space, it cannot be
C B A T 3 T 2 T 1. 1. What is the magnitude of the force T 1? A) 37.5 N B) 75.0 N C) 113 N D) 157 N E) 192 N
Three boxes are connected by massless strings and are resting on a frictionless table. Each box has a mass of 15 kg, and the tension T 1 in the right string is accelerating the boxes to the right at a
Newton s Laws. Newton s Imaginary Cannon. Michael Fowler Physics 142E Lec 6 Jan 22, 2009
Newton s Laws Michael Fowler Physics 142E Lec 6 Jan 22, 2009 Newton s Imaginary Cannon Newton was familiar with Galileo s analysis of projectile motion, and decided to take it one step further. He imagined
The rate of change of velocity with respect to time. The average rate of change of distance/displacement with respect to time.
H2 PHYSICS DEFINITIONS LIST Scalar Vector Term Displacement, s Speed Velocity, v Acceleration, a Average speed/velocity Instantaneous Velocity Newton s First Law Newton s Second Law Newton s Third Law
Beginning of the Universe Classwork 6 th Grade PSI Science
Beginning of the Universe Classwork Name: 6 th Grade PSI Science 1 4 2 5 6 3 7 Down: 1. Edwin discovered that galaxies are spreading apart. 2. This theory explains how the Universe was flattened. 3. All
CHAPTER 6 WORK AND ENERGY
CHAPTER 6 WORK AND ENERGY CONCEPTUAL QUESTIONS. REASONING AND SOLUTION The work done by F in moving the box through a displacement s is W = ( F cos 0 ) s= Fs. The work done by F is W = ( F cos θ). s From
1. The Kinetic Theory of Matter states that all matter is composed of atoms and molecules that are in a constant state of constant random motion
Physical Science Period: Name: ANSWER KEY Date: Practice Test for Unit 3: Ch. 3, and some of 15 and 16: Kinetic Theory of Matter, States of matter, and and thermodynamics, and gas laws. 1. The Kinetic
Tennessee State University
Tennessee State University Dept. of Physics & Mathematics PHYS 2010 CF SU 2009 Name 30% Time is 2 hours. Cheating will give you an F-grade. Other instructions will be given in the Hall. MULTIPLE CHOICE.
XX. Introductory Physics, High School
XX. Introductory Physics, High School High School Introductory Physics Test The spring 2014 high school Introductory Physics test was based on learning standards in the Introductory Physics content strand
Lesson 29: Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation
Lesson 29: Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation Let's say we start with the classic apple on the head version of Newton's work. Newton started with the idea that since the Earth is pulling on the apple,
Unit 4 Practice Test: Rotational Motion
Unit 4 Practice Test: Rotational Motion Multiple Guess Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. How would an angle in radians be converted to an angle
Magnetism. d. gives the direction of the force on a charge moving in a magnetic field. b. results in negative charges moving. clockwise.
Magnetism 1. An electron which moves with a speed of 3.0 10 4 m/s parallel to a uniform magnetic field of 0.40 T experiences a force of what magnitude? (e = 1.6 10 19 C) a. 4.8 10 14 N c. 2.2 10 24 N b.
F N A) 330 N 0.31 B) 310 N 0.33 C) 250 N 0.27 D) 290 N 0.30 E) 370 N 0.26
Physics 23 Exam 2 Spring 2010 Dr. Alward Page 1 1. A 250-N force is directed horizontally as shown to push a 29-kg box up an inclined plane at a constant speed. Determine the magnitude of the normal force,
Angular Velocity vs. Linear Velocity
MATH 7 Angular Velocity vs. Linear Velocity Dr. Neal, WKU Given an object with a fixed speed that is moving in a circle with a fixed ius, we can define the angular velocity of the object. That is, we can
Forces. Definition Friction Falling Objects Projectiles Newton s Laws of Motion Momentum Universal Forces Fluid Pressure Hydraulics Buoyancy
Forces Definition Friction Falling Objects Projectiles Newton s Laws of Motion Momentum Universal Forces Fluid Pressure Hydraulics Buoyancy Definition of Force Force = a push or pull that causes a change
Physics 2A, Sec B00: Mechanics -- Winter 2011 Instructor: B. Grinstein Final Exam
Physics 2A, Sec B00: Mechanics -- Winter 2011 Instructor: B. Grinstein Final Exam INSTRUCTIONS: Use a pencil #2 to fill your scantron. Write your code number and bubble it in under "EXAM NUMBER;" an entry
Chapter Test B. Chapter: Measurements and Calculations
Assessment Chapter Test B Chapter: Measurements and Calculations PART I In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each question. 1.
Earth in the Solar System
Copyright 2011 Study Island - All rights reserved. Directions: Challenge yourself! Print out the quiz or get a pen/pencil and paper and record your answers to the questions below. Check your answers with
Section 15.1 Energy and Its Forms (pages 446 452)
Section 15.1 and Its Forms (pages 446 452) This section describes how energy and work are related. It defines kinetic energy and potential energy, and gives examples for calculating these forms of energy.
astronomy 2008 1. A planet was viewed from Earth for several hours. The diagrams below represent the appearance of the planet at four different times.
1. A planet was viewed from Earth for several hours. The diagrams below represent the appearance of the planet at four different times. 5. If the distance between the Earth and the Sun were increased,
State Newton's second law of motion for a particle, defining carefully each term used.
5 Question 1. [Marks 20] An unmarked police car P is, travelling at the legal speed limit, v P, on a straight section of highway. At time t = 0, the police car is overtaken by a car C, which is speeding
Unit 8 Lesson 2 Gravity and the Solar System
Unit 8 Lesson 2 Gravity and the Solar System Gravity What is gravity? Gravity is a force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses and the distances between them. Every object in the universe
3600 s 1 h. 24 h 1 day. 1 day
Week 7 homework IMPORTANT NOTE ABOUT WEBASSIGN: In the WebAssign versions of these problems, various details have been changed, so that the answers will come out differently. The method to find the solution
Version A Page 1. 1. The diagram shows two bowling balls, A and B, each having a mass of 7.00 kilograms, placed 2.00 meters apart.
Physics Unit Exam, Kinematics 1. The diagram shows two bowling balls, A and B, each having a mass of 7.00 kilograms, placed 2.00 meters apart. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted by
Solution Derivations for Capa #11
Solution Derivations for Capa #11 1) A horizontal circular platform (M = 128.1 kg, r = 3.11 m) rotates about a frictionless vertical axle. A student (m = 68.3 kg) walks slowly from the rim of the platform
Practice Exam Three Solutions
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Physics Physics 8.01T Fall Term 2004 Practice Exam Three Solutions Problem 1a) (5 points) Collisions and Center of Mass Reference Frame In the lab frame,
Lecture 16. Newton s Second Law for Rotation. Moment of Inertia. Angular momentum. Cutnell+Johnson: 9.4, 9.6
Lecture 16 Newton s Second Law for Rotation Moment of Inertia Angular momentum Cutnell+Johnson: 9.4, 9.6 Newton s Second Law for Rotation Newton s second law says how a net force causes an acceleration.