2. What continually moves air around in the atmosphere? 3. Which of the following weather systems is associated with clear, sunny skies?
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1 DIRECTIONS Read the question and choose the best answer. Then circle the letter for the answer you have chosen. 1. Interactions between which set of systems affect weather and climate the most? A. Atmosphere, Oceans, and Sun B. Atmosphere, Biosphere, and Oceans C. Oceans, Solar System, and Sun D. Sun, Biosphere, and Oceans 2. What continually moves air around in the atmosphere? A. Conduction B. Convection Currents C. Global Warming D. Radiation 3. Which of the following weather systems is associated with clear, sunny skies? A. Cold Front B. Warm Front C. High Pressure System D. Low Pressure System 4. What provides the energy needed to create winds in the atmosphere and currents in the ocean? A. The Sun B. Ocean Waves C. Atmospheric Winds D. Heat deep within Earth s interior 2010 Edumatics Corporation Page 1
2 5. Which diagram best represents convection currents? 6. Which of the following characteristics is NOT associated with El Niño? A. Climate changes in the southern United States. B. Winds weakening off the coast of South America. C. An increase in ocean temperatures off the coast of South America. D. Cooler waters rising to the surface of the ocean. 7. Which statement BEST describes what happens when a cold front approaches a warm front? A. The cold air mass will push the warm air mass upwards. B. The cold air mass will slide over top of the warm air mass. C. The cold air mass will retreat from the warm air mass. D. Cold fronts have no affect on warm fronts when they come together Edumatics Corporation Page 2
3 8. Hurricanes form in which region of the map shown below? A. R B. S C. T D. V 9. The boundary between two air masses with different temperatures is known as which of the following? A. Atmosphere B. Front C. High Pressure System D. Low Pressure System 10. Why do hurricanes lose strength when they move over land? A. There is no longer a source of warm, moist air. B. There is not enough energy coming from the Sun. C. Evaporation and condensation cannot take place over land. D. The winds on the land cancel out the winds of the hurricane Edumatics Corporation Page 3
4 ANSWER KEY 1. Correct Answer: A Explanation: The Sun provides the energy that drives convection currents in the atmosphere and oceans, creating winds and ocean currents. Winds and ocean currents redistribute heat around the globe influencing weather and climate. 2. Correct Answer: B Explanation: Convection currents, or the transfer of heat by circulation, continually move air around in the atmosphere. As air is heated, it becomes less dense and rises. Cool air is denser and sinks, flowing in to replace the warm air. This cool air heats and begins to rise, starting the whole process over again. 3. Correct Answer: C Explanation: In a high pressure system, dense air sinks to the ground. Sinking air often prevents clouds from forming. 4. Correct Answer: A Explanation: Energy travels from the Sun to the Earth but the amount of sunlight the Earth receives is not the same in all areas. These temperature differences drive convection currents which in turn create winds and ocean currents. 5. Correct Answer: C Explanation: Convection currents form circular patterns as a result of temperature differences. Warm fluids, such as air or water, are less dense than cool fluids, causing them to rise. The further a fluid gets from a source of heat, the cooler it gets. Cooler fluids become denser and sink again. The process starts all over again and fluids heat up once more. 6. Correct Answer: D Explanation: During an El Niño, warm waters are not carried by currents due to weakening winds. This traps the cooler waters deep in the ocean and prevents them from rising to the surface Edumatics Corporation Page 4
5 ANSWER KEY 7. Correct Answer: A Explanation: Cold air is more dense than warm air. If a cold front approaches a warm front, the cold, dense air will push the lighter, warm air up into the atmosphere where it will condense and form clouds. 8. Correct Answer: C Explanation: Temperatures near the equator are very warm, so a lot of evaporation occurs in the tropical oceans. This causes a lot of thunderstorms to form. If winds from two different directions collide and cause thunderstorms to rotate over a low pressure system, more warm, moist air will rise quickly and add energy to the storm. If enough energy is added, winds blow harder creating a hurricane. 9. Correct Answer: B Explanation: A front is the boundary between two different air masses with different temperatures. Fronts, which are indicated by red or blue lines on a weather map, are typically associated with unstable weather events such as increased cloud formation, winds, and/or precipitation. 10. Correct Answer: A Explanation: When a hurricane reaches land, or moves over cooler waters, it loses energy because it is no longer connected to the warm, moist air that fuels the storm and makes it stronger Edumatics Corporation Page 5
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