Test 4 Immune System (Chapters 20 & 21)

Transcription

1 Test 4 Immune System (Chapters 20 & 21) Name: Date: 1) The is the largest lymphoid organ. 1) A. lymph node B. spleen C. thymus D. tonsil 2) Tonsils promote memory of pathogens by. 2) A. secreting antibodies into the blood B. trapping food particles to support bacterial growth C. trapping pathogens to develop immune cells with memory D. producing B lymphocytes 3) Lymphatic capillaries owe their permeability to the presence of. 3) A. an open end that siphons fluid from the interstitial fluid B. minivalves in their walls C. tight junctions between adjacent cells D. proteins in the lymph fluid 4) Which of the following act as the first line of defense against foreign pathogens? 4) A. Skin B. Synovial membranes C. Mucous membranes D. A and C. 5) can enter lymph capillaries. 5) A. Bacteria B. Large proteins C. Interstitial fluid D. All of the above 6) The process by which phagocytes exit capillaries and enter injured tissue is called. 6) A. chemotaxis B. leukocytosis C. diffusion D. diapedesis

2 7) The presence of proteins makes it possible for our immune system to differentiate between our cells and those that are foreign. 7) A. antigenic determinant B. MHC C. hapten D. antibody 8) The adaptive immune system involves three major cell types: antigen-presenting cells, T cells, which constitute immunity, and B cells, which govern immunity. 8) A. nonspecific; specific B. antigenic; allergic C. MHC; MAC D. cell-mediated; humoral 9) Lymphocytes are educated within primary lymphoid organs. B cells are educated in the while T cells are educated in the. 9) A. bone marrow; thymus B. thymus; bone marrow C. bone marrow; bone marrow D. thymus; thymus 10) During clonal selection of B cells, those B cells with complementary membrane receptors to the invading antigen will differentiate into cells. 10) A. humoral B. clonal C. plasma D. T cells 11) A patient has been immunized against chicken pox. What type of immunity is this? 11) A. Naturally acquired passive B. Artificially acquired passive C. Naturally acquired active D. Artificially acquired active 12) Which of the following is not a normal component of lymph? 12) A. plasma proteins B. water C. red blood cells D. ions

3 13) How are T cells introduced to antigens? 13) A. T cells bind to and phagocytose antigens. B. Antibodies immobilize the antigens for T cell recognition and destruction. C. Antigen-presenting cells link antigenic peptides to MHC proteins to which T cells will attach. D. T cells wait in the blood until an antigen collides with them and binds to their TCR. 14) When antibodies develop against a person s own cells, this is an example of a(n). 14) A. delayed hypersensitivity B. immediate hypersensitivity C. allergy D. autoimmune disease 15) Small, yet complex, encapsulated organs associated with lymphatic vessels are termed. 15) A. lymph follicles B. axillary nodes C. lymph nodes D. lymphoid follicles 16) Which statement or statements is/are false? 16) A. The respiratory burst produced by some macrophages releases, amongst other things, free radicals and provides a higher level of defense against internalized pathogen B. Monoclonal antibodies are made by fusing tumor cells and T lymphocytes. C. About 10 liters of fluid are lost to the tissue spaces every 24 hours and are returned to the bloodstream as lymph. D. B and C 17) Which statement is true? 17) A. Cytotoxic T cells bear CD4 molecules and recognize antigens that come from outside the APC (exogenous antigens). B. Lymphoid tissue is distinguished from non-lymphoid tissue by the abundance of reticular connective tissue. C. In general, lymphocytes reside permanently in lymphoid tissue, rarely moving to other parts of the body. D. A given pathogen will provoke either a cell-mediated response or an antibody-mediated response but not both.

4 18) The mechanism of the "lethal hit" of cytotoxic T cells and NK cells involves a protein or proteins called. 18) A. perforin B. defensin C. granzymes D. A and C 19) The most important role of the spleen is to provide a site for. 19) A. fat metabolism B. storage of blood platelets C. blood-cleansing functions (e.g. removal of old red blood cells & platelets) D. lymphocyte proliferation and immune surveillance and response 20) The thymus. 20) A. lacks follicles B. directly fights dangerous antigens C. functions primarily during adult life D. is the site where B cells become immunocompetent 21) Somatic recombination, the one-time joining of different segments to DNA,. 21) A. occurs in T and B cells B. is used to form unique receptor genes C. causes cell apoptosis D. A & B 22) The IgG antibody protein consists of how many different protein subunits? 22) A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 8 23) The respiratory burst produced by some macrophages releases, amongst other things, free radicals and provides a higher level of defense against internalized pathogens. True or False? 23) 24) Which is not an autoimmune disease? 24) A. Rheumatoid arthritis B. Lupus C. Type II diabetes D. Multiple Sclerosis

5 25) The molecules presented by MHC receptors are. 25) A. nucleic acids B. carbohydrates C. peptides D. proteins 26) Interferons. 26) A. help protect cells that have not yet been infected by viruses B. interfere with viral replication within cells C. are part of the innate immune response D. All of the above. 27) In the thymus, T cells that recognize self MHC and self-antigen are. 27) A. allowed to become immunocompetent cells outside of the thymus B. not allowed to leave the thymus and they die C. able to become helper T cells D. then tested to see if they react to non-self antigen 28) An antigenic determinant in humoral immunity is. 28) A. a specific region on a 3 dimensional structure that is bound by an antibody B. a protein held by a MHC molecule C. a peptide that is recognized by T cells D. the residual material after phagocytosis that binds to MHC molecules 29) Which of the following statements regarding NK cells is a false? 29) A. NK cells are a type of lymphocyte. B. NK cells attack cancer cells and virus-infected body cells. C. NK cells attack cells that lack the correct surface receptors. D. NK cells are phagocytic. 30) The key point(s) about T cell activation is that it. 30) A. requires no co-stimulatory signals B. requires antigen binding C. involves at least two cells D. B & C 31) The white pulp found around arteries of the spleen contains large numbers of. 31) A. lymphocytes B. macrophages & red blood cells C. platelets D. NK cells

6 32) Which of the following would not be classified as a lymphatic structure? 32) A. pancreas B. tonsils C. spleen D. Peyer's patches of the intestine 33) Cellular ingestion and destruction of particulate matter is called phagocytosis. True or False? 33) A. True B. False 34) The thymus is most active during. 34) A. fetal development B. middle age C. childhood D. old age 35) Which lymphatic structure drains lymph from the right upper limb and the right side of the head and thorax? 35) A. cisterna chyli B. lumbar trunk C. thoracic duct D. right lymphatic duct 36) The lymphatic capillaries are. 36) A. less permeable than blood capillaries B. as permeable as blood capillaries C. completely impermeable D. more permeable than blood capillaries 37) Antibodies that act against a particular foreign substance are released by. 37) A. T lymphocytes B. medullary cords C. plasma cells D. lymph nodes 38) Lymph leaves a lymph node via. 38) A. efferent lymphatic vessels B. the cortical sinus C. afferent lymphatic vessels D. the subscapular sinus

7 39) Which of the following is not a barrier to bacterial invasion? 39) A. Mucus B. Lysozyme in tears C. Saliva D. Interferon 40) Select the correct statement about lymph transport. 40) A. Lymph transport is only necessary when illness causes tissue swelling. B. Lymph transport depends on the movement of adjacent tissues, such as skeletal muscles. C. Under normal conditions, lymph vessels are very high-pressure conduits. D. Lymph transport is faster than that occurring in veins. 41) When activated T helper cells release cytokines that activate T cytotoxic and B cells. True or false? 41) A. True B. False 42) Select the correct statement about lymphocytes. 42). A. Just like B cells, activated T cells become plasma cells too. B. Macrophages can be thought of professional antigen presenting cells. C. T cells are the only form of lymphocyte found in lymphoid tissue D. None of the above. 43) Select the correct statement about lymphoid tissue. 43) A. Lymphoid tissue is predominantly reticular connective tissue. B. Lymphoid macrophages secrete antibodies into the blood. C. Once a lymphocyte enters the lymphoid tissue, it resides there permanently. D. T lymphocytes act by ingesting foreign substances. 44) Lymphoid tissue that appears as a swelling of the mucosa in the oral cavity is called a(n). 44) A. Peyer's patch B. thymus C. tonsil D. appendix 45) Which of the following represents a logical sequence of structures that contribute to the return of fluid into the blood via the lymphatic system? 45) A. Blood capillaries, arteries, lymphatic vessels, subclavian vein B. Arteries, lymphatic vessels, blood capillaries, subclavian vein C. Arteries, blood capillaries, lymphatic vessels, subclavian vein D. Subclavian vein, arteries, blood capillaries, lymphatic vessels

8 1) B 2) C 3) B 4) D 5) D 6) D 7) B 8) D 9) A 10) C 11) D 12) C 13) C 14) D 15) C 16) D 17) B 18) D 19) C 20) A 21) D 22) A 23) A 24) C 25) C 26) D 27) B 28) A 29) D 30) D 31) A 32) A 33) A 34) C 35) D 36) D 37) C 38) A 39) D 40) B 41) A 42) B 43) A 44) C 45) C