Issues and Examples of Solutions of Small Hydropower Plants at Very Low Head Conditions

Transcription

1 Issues and Examples of Solutions of Small Hydropower Plants at Very Low Head Conditions RENEXPO Warsaw 27 October 2011

2 Hydropower in the CR In ,000 power plants, mills, sawmills and other facilities utilizing water energy were recorded in Czechoslovakia. In 2009 only 1,354 SHPs up to the output of 1MW were recorded in the CR. Technically utilizable potential of flows exploitable in SHPs is estimated at 1.4 billion kwh/year. Nowadays 2/3 of this potential is used It is estimated that unutilized potential in SHPs is about 30%, that is 500 mil. kwh/year

3 Archimedean Screw Use: Low head with considerable fluctuation in flow Idle overflows Advantages : Low costs on structural part of SHP Lower acquisition costs comparing with traditional turbines Simplicity of the structure, long lifespan High efficiency (74% at 20% of plant capacity flow) Possibility of assembly to weir body No need of fine racks Oxygenizes water and is aquatic animals friendly Disadvantages : Demanding adjustment Freezing

4 Archimedean Screw

5 Archimedean Screw Comparison of efficiency dependence on a flow of single water motors

6 S Turbine (Semi - Kaplan) Use: At construction of new and revitalization of old small low-head hydropower plants Suitable for localities with a rather constant flow Advantages: Regulation of runner only more simple structure Lower price comparing with standard Kaplan turbine Greater plant capacity flow = output comparing with standard Kaplan turbine (while retaining the runner diameter) Disadvantages : Smaller control range Flow through the machine cannot be stopped completely

7 S Turbine (Semi - Kaplan)

8 Direct-flow Turbine (Kaplan) Use : At construction of new and revitalization of old small low-head hydropower plants Suitable for localities with an average flow Advantages: Regulated runner and diffuser Great control range Flow through the machine can be stopped completely Disadvantage: Higher price thanks to the complexity of the structure

9 S Turbine (Kaplan)

10 Direct-flow Turbine (Kaplan)

11 SHP Goryň (Poland) Construction of new SHP at weir. SHP composed as evacuatable Parameters : Locality: Goryň, Polsko Execution: GESS Hranice Screw: diameter: 3,400 mm, length: 6,350 mm, angle: 19 Output: 78 kw Head: 1.9 m Flow: 6 m 3 /s

12 SHP Goryň (Poland)

13 SHP Goryň (Poland)

14 SHP Červený potok Utilization of idle overflow of SHP at river Morava using Archimedean screw Parameters : Locality: Červený potok, district of Šumperk Execution: GESS Hranice Screw: diameter: 1,300 mm, length: 8,000 mm, angle: 35 Output: 18 kw Head: 4.6 m Flow: 0.6 m 3 /s

15 SHP Červený potok

16 SHP Vranov Revitalization of old mill with water wheel to SHP Parameters : Locality: Vranov nad Dyjí Execution: Elzaco spol. s r.o. Turbine: 2 x ELZA 750 Output: 2 x 16 kw Head: 1.9 m Flow: 2 x 1.16 m 3 /s Investor: EON-Trend Cost: CZK 8.5 mil.

17 SHP Vranov Year:1920 Year:2011

18 SHP Vranov

19 SHP Vranov

20 SHP Lobkovice Revitalization of SHP at Lobkovice mill at site of former carbide Three originally mounted Francis turbines were replaced by one Semi Kaplan unit Parameters: Locality: Lobkovice u Neratovic Execution: P&S Praha Turbine: 1 x Semi-Kaplan turbine VC 1220 Output: 75 kw Head: 2.5 m Flow: 4 m 3 /s Annual output: 544 MWh Costs: CZK 11mil. incl. VAT Returnability : cca 9 years Grant : CZK 3 mil.

21 SHP Lobkovice

22 SHP Jindřichov Construction of new SHP at watercourse Branná SHP composed for two Semi-Kaplan turbine, one has been mounted so far Parameters: Locality: Jindřichov, district of Šumperk Execution: Elzaco spol. s r.o. P&S Praha Turbine: 1 x Semi-Kaplan turbine 3Th 500 Output: 55 kw Head: 6 m Flow: 1.3 m 3 /s Costs: CZK 5.5 mil. Returnability : unknown Grant: CZK 1.65 mil.

23 SHP Jindřichov

24 SHP Prosenice Revitalization of SHP at canal Strhanec, river Bečva Parameters: Locality: Prosenice, okres Přerov Execution: Elzaco spol. s r.o P&S Praha Turbine: 1 x Semi-Kaplan turbine 3Th 1130 Output: 75 kw Head: 2.4 m Flow: 4.2 m3/s Cost: CZK 3.4 mil. Returnability: 6.9 years Grant: unknown

25 SHP Prosenice

26 SHP Termesivy Construction of new SHP Parameters: Locality: Termesivy, district of Havličkův Brod Execution: Ziromont s.r.o. Turbine: 1 x Kaplan turbine ZR 110-3L-3M Output: 53 kw Head: 1.9 m Flow: 4.5 m 3 /s Cost: CZK 8.5mil. Returnability: unknown Grant: CZK 2.9mil.

27 SHP Termesivy

28 SHP Horná Streda Rebuilding of old SHP Parameters: Locality: Horná Streda, Slovensko Execution: Sigma Výzkumný a vývojový ústav Lutín Operator: Pravoslavná akademie Vilémov Turbine: 2 x pump-turbine Sigma AL340-T Output: 2 x 22 kw Head: 6,2 m Flow: 2 x 320 l/s Costs: unknown Returnability: unknown Grant: unknown

29 SHP Horná Streda

30 Thank you for your attention Lectured by: Jiří Vénos, Elzaco spol. s r.o., Šumperk