HYDRAULICS. H91.8D/C - Computerized Open Surface Tilting Flow Channel - 10, 12.5, 15 and 20 m long

Transcription

1 HYDRAULICS H91.8D/C - Computerized Open Surface Tilting Flow Channel - 10, 12.5, 15 and 20 m long 1. General The series of channels H91.8D has been designed by Didacta Italia to study the hydrodynamic phenomena of the open surface streams in variable inclination channels. The computerized version unit allows, thanks to the electronic transducers and suitable software, to display on personal computer and/or print the tables of results and diagrams of the various experiments. The following different versions are available: Fig. 1 - Open Surface Tilting Flow Channel H91.8D/10/C - Computerized Open Surface Tilting Flow Channel 10 m long - code H91.8D/12/C - Computerized Open Surface Tilting Flow Channel 12.5 m long - code H91.8D/15/C - Computerized Open Surface Tilting Flow Channel 15 m long - code H91.8D/20/C - Open Surface Tilting Flow Channel 20 m long - code The units are transparent for a direct visualization of the hydraulic phenomena; moreover they are self sufficient, since they include a water supply tank. The centrifugal pump draws the water from the collection tank and transfers it to the still tank, where a manually operated vertical gate, which is assembled before the testing section, allows to vary the height of the hydraulic load. A throttle valve makes it possible to regulate the water flow rate. A series of park-away threaded holes along the bottom of the channel (spaced 250 mm apart) allows to fit the optional models and another series of through holes provides a passage useful to measure the pressure values. A trolley carrying the accessories and the instruments necessary for the tests slides along guide rails which are assembled on the sides of the channel. The bottom of the channel can be tilted by up to 3 degrees, so as to simulate the normal inclinations of the real channels; it is also possible to obtain a slight negative slope. The unit is supplied with manuals that describe each component of the system, installation and utilization procedures, and gives many exercises. 2. Composition and description The channel is composed of: Body of tempered glass, section 300x450 h mm, length 10, 12.5, 15, 20 m. Collection tank of stainless steel, capacity 3 m 3. Fill and stilling tank, capacity 0.6 m 3. Support frame of stainless steel. Discharge gate of anodised aluminium, manually adjustable. Electrically controlled system to regulate the slope of the channel. Electrically operated centrifugal pump: max flow rate 150 m 3 /h, max head 9 m H 2 O. Direct reading flow meter with calibrated diaphragm DIDACTA Italia S.r.l. - Strada del Cascinotto, 139/ Torino - Italy Tel Fax info@didacta.it

2 Control board including: - main switch, - safety devices, - pump and slope regulation system commands. Electronic transducers kit, complete with feeding unit and signal conditioning electronics and A/D conversion unit. The feeding unit and signal conditioning electronics allow the conversion of the signal supplied to standard signals, suitable for the A/D conversion card. The unit can be connected to an IBM or compatible Personal Computer through USB port. The kit includes the following transducers: - electronic transducer for measuring the flow and the level of the water in the channel, complete with digital indicator and signal transmitter; - electronic transducer for measuring the speed of the water in the channel, complete with digital indicator and signal transmitter. Data acquisition and analysis software for Windows. Fig. 2 - H91.8D/15 - Open Surface Tilting Flow Channel - 15 m long Optionals code Spillway code Balance lift and drag models code Parshall channel code Speed measurer with Pitot Tube code Sharp edged broad-crested weir code Trapezoidal flume code Vertical sluice gate code Circular and rectangular section pile code Creagher profile weir code Sharp crested weir with rectangular section code Sharp crested weir with V Section code Sharp crested weir with free section and pressure tapping code Broad-crested weir code Venturi channel code Siphon spillway code Wave breaking and absorption beach code Water level measuring apparatus code Immersion wave blade generator code Hydrodynamic siphon code Projection flow meter code Different roughness channel beds code Incoherent material (sand) channel bed code Erosion study pile : code Vibratory hopper for transport of solid material code Crump Weir Page 2

3 Fig. 3 a, b, c - Channel arranged in different positions: (a) horizontal, (b) counter-inclination Optionals description: code Spillway: it allows to compare different means of energy dissipation and valuate which of them is most effective. Fig. 4 - Spillway Fig. 5 - Spillway with hydraulic jump

4 Fig. 6 - Spillway with breakwater Fig. 7 - Spillway with apron with energy dissipaters Fig. 8 - Spillway with wooden dam Balance lift and drag models: three models: large and small diameter cylinder, aerofoil section - made of transparent Plexiglas. The module can be assembled into the rails to measure the thrust acting on the profiles varying shape, position and head. Fig. 9 - Balance lift and drag models Page 4

5 code Parshall channel: made of transparent Plexiglas, it allows to measure the water flow rate. Fig Parshall channel in action code Speed measurer with Pitot tube: assembled on a sliding frame and connected to a U manometer, it allows to measure the water speed at different points. Fig Pitot tube speed meter code Sharp edged broad-crested weir: it is made of PVC and designed for accurate flow rate determination. Fig Sharp edged broad-crested weir code Trapezoidal flume: it is made of transparent Plexiglas according to the Washington State College (WSC) model, to simulate more closely the real shape of flumes and allows flowrate determination. Fig WSC flume in action

6 code Vertical sluice gate, it is made of stainless steel, it features variable depth adjustments and makes it possible to study the outflow from under the gate: hydraulic jump and flow rate determination. Fig Vertical sluice gate code Circular and rectangular section pile: the accessory is made of transparent material and can be set in the channel bed by fastening it both in the bottom, where threaded holes are machined, and to the trolleys along the rails. Two piers are supplied; both round and square section piers. The module has been devised for hydraulic jump visualization close to obstacles in the middle of the flow along a channel. Fig Bridge pier with round and square section code Creagher profile weir: it is made of transparent Plexiglas, fitted with six pressure taps and with the suitable set of piezometers, it is used to simulate the presence of a dam in the channel as well as for evaluation of hydrostatic outline and stability. Fig Creagher spillway code Sharp crested weir with rectangular section: it is made of anodized aluminum with thin wall and devised for flowrate determination. Fig Sharp crested weir with rectangular section Page 6

7 code Sharp crested weir with V section: it is made of anodized aluminum with thin wall and devised for flowrate determination. code Sharp crested weir with free section and pressure tapping: it is made of anodized aluminum with thin wall and devised for flowrate determination. Fig Sharp crested V-notched weir Fig Sharp crested weir with pressure tap code Broad-crested weir: it is made of anodized aluminum with thin wall and devised for flowrate determination. Fig Broad-crested weir code Venturi channel: it is made of transparent Plexiglas and allows to measure the water flowrate. Fig Venturi channel code Siphon spillway: it is made of transparent Plexiglas and makes it possible to visualize how a self-priming siphon commonly used in dams keeps the head constant, as well as perform flowrate calculations. Fig Siphon spillway

8 code Wave breaking and absorption beach: it is made of stainless steel, with transparent Plexiglas walls, it is assembled in the channel with a suitable inclination to ensure maximum energy dissipation. The module is made of stainless steel, PVC and Plexiglas; it can be mounted on the channel. It is for visualization of wave breaking and absorption. This phenomenon is enhanced by combined use with wave generator (code ). Fig Wave breaking and absorption beach code Water level measuring apparatus: it allows to measure manually and with good accuracy the free surface level. The accessory is supplied complete with plain needle and double needle. Fig Water level measuring apparatus code Immersion wave blade generator: immersion blade type, it is controlled by a variable speed electric motor. It allows to visualize the wave shape along a channel. Fig Immersion wave blade generator code Hydrodynamic siphon: it is made of transparent Plexiglas and simulates the hydrodynamics of a highway underpass for a free surface stream and it is fitted with two different types of inlet: sharp edge and with union. Fig Hydrodynamic siphon Page 8

9 code Projection flow meter: it is made of transparent Plexiglas, it allows to carry out jump tests, to measure the water flow rate and to determine the submergence limits. Fig Projection flow meter code Different roughness channel beds: it is made of materials with different roughness; they allow to determine the resistance coefficient according to Colebrook-Moody s diagram in different conditions of hydraulic motion. Fig Different roughness channel beds code Incoherent material (sand) channel bed: it allows to visualize the shape taken on by the mobile bottom when the stream motion patterns vary. On the base made of PVC a tray is glued to be filled by the student with different materials such as sand, gravel, stones of different size and so on. Three trays are part of the standard supply. Fig Incoherent material (sand) channel beds code Erosion study pile: it makes it possible to visualize the dynamic phenomena around a multiple bridge pier, with rectangular and circular section. The module is made of PVC and it is to be mounted on the channel bed. The purpose of the module is the visualization of the hydraulic jump which takes place close to a couple of piers (both square and round sections) immersed in a channel flow. They are to simulate the effect of a couple of piers of a bridge whether in normal or exceptional condition as a swollen river. Fig Erosion study pile

10 code Vibratory hopper for transport of solid material: it is made of stainless steel, it allows to supply the channel with solid materials (such as sand) during mobile bottom tests. The module can be mounted on the rails of the channel by means of customized wheels. It is for spreading in uniform way the sand along the channel. It is possible to visualize the effect of low rate on sand transport. Fig Vibratory hopper for transport of solid material code Crump Weir: it is made of PVC and designed for flowrate measurements. Fig Crump weir Further special optional equipment can be supplied on customer s request. 3. Experiments Study of flow in an open channel. Study of flow in a markedly inclined channel. Evaluation of the characteristic parameters of flow in channels, such as height of the fluid as a function of the flow rate and of the inclination. Determination of critical height, critical speed and critical inclination values. Study of the behavior of a low resistance model hydrodynamic model or a high resistance stocky model (with optional code ). Study of the flow and calculation of the water flow rate with Parshall channel (with optional code ). Calculation of the flow rate by using a Pitot tube (with optional code ). Study of the outflow and calculation of water flow rate with a sharp edged broad-crested weir (with optional code ). Study of the flow in a trapezoidal shape channel (with optional code ). Study of the outflow in a markedly inclined channel with cross walls or sluice gates (with optional code ). Visualization and study of the hydrodynamic phenomena concerning the bridge piles (with optional code and code ). Study of spillways (with optional code and code ). Hydrostatic calculation and stability checks of a Creagher profile (with optional code ). Determination of the rate of overflow of a Creagher profile (with optional code ). Study of the outflow and calculation of water flow rate with a sharp crested weir with rectangular section (with optional code ). Study of the outflow and calculation of water flow rate with a sharp crested weir with V section (with optional code ). Study of the outflow and calculation of water flow rate with free section weir (with optional code ). Study of the outflow and calculation of water flow rate with a broad-crested weir (with optional code ). Study of the flow and calculation of water flow rate with a Venturi channel (with optional code ). Study and visualization of the phenomena concerning the siphons (with optional code and code ). Study of wave breaking shore (with optional code ). Page 10

11 Study of the flow and calculation of water flow rate with a projection flow meter (with optional code ). Study of the influence of different degrees of roughness on the hydrodynamic flow (with optional code ). Visualization of the shapes of the mobile bottom depending on different stream motion patterns (with optional code and code ). Study of the outflow and calculation of water flow rate with a Crump weir (with optional code ). 4. Required services Electrical power supply: 380V, three phase and ground, 50/60 Hz, 7kW. Water supply: from mains, to fill the tank. 5. Weight and dimensions H91.8D/10/C Weight: empty 2600kg Dimensions: 15000x1200x2700 h mm H91.8D/12/C Weight: empty 2900kg Dimensions: 17500x1200x2700 h mm H91.8D/15/C Weight: empty 3200kg Dimensions: 20000x1200x2700 h mm H91.8D/20/C Weight: empty 3600kg Dimensions: 25000x1200x2700 h mm

12 Cod. R01056/E 0914 Ed. 01 Rev. 04 In any time and without notice, Didacta Italia can carry out any appropriate modification on the product details, always maintaining their main features, according to the designing and teaching necessity. Page 12