STATUS UPDATE OF OLGA TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT

Transcription

1 November 200 ECN-RX STATUS UPDATE OF OLGA TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Pilot demonstration of tar removal, complete test facility & new OLGA research topic H. Boerrigter S.V.B. van Paasen P.C.A. Bergman Presented at the ThermoNET Meeting, Helsingør, Denmark, October 200 A B Made by: Revisions H. Boerrigter Checked by: Approved/Issued by: Issued: H.J. Veringa ECN Biomass R. van Ree

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3 Status update of OLGA technology development Pilot demonstration of tar removal, complete test facility & new OLGA research topic ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 Harold Boerrigter, Sander van Paasen & Patrick Bergman Energy research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN) ECN Biomass (1) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 Content Principles of OLGA technology & Development Current status - Lab-scale results - Pilot-scale demonstration Integrated ECN test facility New OLGA research topic = dust Conclusions & Outlook (2) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 ECN-RX--0-06

4 Reasoning of OLGA Need for new solution Tar is the Achilles heel of biomass gasification Water quench/washer is state-of-the-art - Troublesome mixture of dust, tar, and water - Process water contaminated with tars Fouling, loss of availability Removal efficiencies insufficient for advanced applications (e.g. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis) () ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 Reasoning of OLGA Available gas cleaning processes p r o c e s s t e m p e r a t u r e ceramic filter cyclone bag house filter 95% ESP 95% thermal cracker 100% 100% 100% 50% monolit reactor / reversed flow cracker char 100% 50% 80% 70% 40% 90% adsorption tar dewpoint water dewpoint aqueous scrubber 100% 100% Avoid mixing of impurities!! dust heavy tar light tar heterocyclic tar NH HCl (4) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October ECN-RX--0-06

5 OLGA Technology Prevention of waste water p r o c e s s t e m p e r a t u r e ceramic filter cyclone bag house filter 95% ESP 95% thermal cracker 100% 100% 100% 50% monolit reactor / reversed flow cracker char 100% 50% 80% OLGA (advanced tar scrubber) 100% 100% 100% 70% 40% 90% adsorption tar dewpoint water dewpoint aqueous scrubber 100% 100% Tars removed above water dewpoint dust heavy tar light tar heterocyclic tar NH HCl (5) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 Principles of OLGA Simplified process sheet product gas tar-free tar-loaded stripper gas to gasifier Application of an organic scrubbing liquid Tars recycled to gasifier & destroyed product gas tar-loaded stripper gas (gasification air) heavy tars to gasifier (6) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 ECN-RX

6 The Tar Problem solved OLGA tar removal performance 100% tar removal 80% 60% 40% Wet scrubbing Idem+ESP OLGA heavy tars 49% 99% 100% light tars 62% 74% 100% heterocyclic 79% 79% 99% Dew-point [ C] compared to wet-scrubbing gas cleaning Gas quality sufficient for advanced applications!! (7) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 Performance of OLGA Experimental lab-scale tar removal results Typically, tar dewpoints achieved below 10 C - only little amounts of BTX remain Long duration test of 100 hours Tested with variable tar loads: 6 20 g/m n Cleaned product gas successfully applied for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis Scaleable technology => pre-design for 200 m n /h pilot (8) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October ECN-RX--0-06

7 OLGA pilot-unit Installation at ECN site (9) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 OLGA pilot-unit Installation at ECN site (10) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 ECN-RX

8 OLGA pilot erected at ECN site Installed July 200 Commissioning ongoing Test programme: Dec 0 Jan 04 (11) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 Outlook of OLGA Demonstration and Projected costs Conceptual Design Proof-of-Principle (lab-scale) Proof-of-Concept (bench-scale) Full-scale Demonstration Projected direct investment costs: euro/kw e (for 10 MW th ; extrapolated from pilot) (12) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October ECN-RX--0-06

9 ECN R&D Developments Complete integrated facility for research ECN has extended the test infrastructure Based on 10 years ongoing research Development of three commercial relevant processes: 1. Direct combustion or co-firing in boilers 2. CHP application with gas engines. Application for turbines, fuel cells, and biosyngas for synthesis of chemicals & fuels (1) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 Test facilities at ECN Direct combustion or co-firing on boiler flue gas 1 biomass (1) CFB gasifier (500 kw th ) (2) staged gas c ooler () cyclone (00 C) (10) low-no x burner 10 2 air ash solids Fuels: chicken manure, straw, sunflower husk (14) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 ECN-RX

10 CFB Gasifier BIVKIN Circulating Fluidised Bed (CFB) gasifier BIVKIN D = 20 cm / H = 6 m Constructed 1996 Feed rate: 100 kg/h Capacity: 500 kw th More than 20 fuels tested, e.g. wood, straw, RDF, chicken manure (15) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 Test facilities at ECN Small CHP with gas engine 1 (1) CFB gasifier (500 kw th ) (2) staged gas c ooler () cyclone (00 C) (6) quench (7) ElectroStatic Pr ecipitator (ESP) (8) NH scrubber (9) boos ter (11) gas engine (optional) 8 NH 9 biomass air ash solids 11 flue gas water, tars, dust Application: small size distributed installations (16) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October ECN-RX--0-06

11 ElectroStatic Precipitator (ESP) wet ESP - condensation water T = 25 C Removal efficiencies - dust fines: 100% - condensable tars: 100% - dewpoint: ~40 C Operates very well (17) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 Test facilities at ECN Gasification for turbine, fuel cell, or synthesis (5) OLGA (6) condens er (8) NH scrubber (9) boos ter 4 NH biomass solids 2 tar 6 9 ash air (1) CFB gasifier (500 kw th ) (2) staged gas c ooler (4) hot gas filter (50 C) water Advanced gas applications Available: compressor, two Fischer-Tropsch reactors, SOFC (18) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 ECN-RX

12 Test facility at ECN Complete integrated facility for research flue gas biomass 4 solids NH 9 2 tar air ash solids 11 flue gas water, tars, dust Based on 10 years development (19) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 Dust removal with OLGA Motivation & Objective Current OLGA research-units designed for dust-free gas Hot-Gas Filter required (expensive, reliability?) Combined tar & dust removal with OLGA Test line-up: biomass BFB T = 850 C [dust] = ~ g/m n OLGA T > H2O dewpoint air (20) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 T > tar dew point [dust] = ~ g/m n coarse & fine dust 12 ECN-RX--0-06

13 Dust removal with OLGA First removal results OLGA IN OLGA OUT 16 mg/m n WOB, 1 kg/h beech, air, ER = 0.25, 1.6 m n /h product gas,.2 g/m n dust (21) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 Dust removal with OLGA Process lay-out design Cyclone to remove fouling-critical coarse dust Suitable for high dust loads T = 850 C [dust] = -20 g/m n T > H2O dewpoint biomass BFB T > tar dew point [dust] = 2-6 g/m n OLGA air fine dust coarse dust (22) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 ECN-RX

14 Conclusions OLGA technology OLGA is a very efficient tar removal technology that generates no new waste streams Technology ready for first demonstration early 2004 Complete integrated test facility available at ECN, including an OLGA with upstream Hot-Gas Filter OLGA is suitable for combined tar & dust removal (2) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 More information Please contact: Dr. ir. Harold Boerrigter phone fax boerrigter@ecn.nl Publications can be found on: Visit also: Phyllis - internet database for biomass, coal, and residues: Thersites internet database for tar dewpoint calculations: (24) ECN Biomass 14 ECN-RX--0-06

15 Justification & Acknowledgement In the OLGA development, ECN Biomass collaborates with Dahlman Industrial Group (Maassluis, the Netherlands) The Netherlands Agency for Energy and the Environment (Novem) is acknowledged for financial support for the OLGA development. (25) ECN Biomass ThermoNET meeting, Helsingør, October 200 ECN Biomass Mission Contributing to to the implementation of of biomass (and waste) in in the Dutch and global (energy) infrastructure by by means of of short-term, mid-term, and long-term research, technology development, and knowledge dissemination. ECN Biomass is a business unit of the Energy research Centre of the Netherlands (E CN) (26) ECN Biomass ECN-RX

16 ECN Biomass Research Clusters Power Generation! Slagging, fouling, co-combustion, co-firing, ash-quality Combined Heat and Power! gasification, combustion, gas clean-up, prime-movers Fuels and Products Implementation time! liquid fuels, gaseous energy carriers, syngas, bio-refinery, co-generation (27) ECN Biomass 16 ECN-RX--0-06