LEROY MERLÍN FUNDACIÓN JUAN XXIII-IBERMAIL. A Study of Forest Biomass Sustainability SHOUF BIOSPHERE RESERVE, LEBANON THERMAL BIOMASS PROJECT 2013
|
|
- Chester Poole
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 December 203 SHOUF BIOSPHERE RESERVE, LEBANON THERMAL BIOMASS PROJECT 203 A Study of Forest Biomass Sustainability GRUPO SYLVESTRIS SL CL Asura 34 bis Madrid SPAIN. Tel.: Tel.: e.enciso.encinas@gmail.com f.martinez@gruposylvestris.com LEROY MERLÍN FUNDACIÓN JUAN XXIII-IBERMAIL
2 . INTRODUCTION: BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION. The SHOUF BIOSPHERE RESERVE, LEBANON THERMAL BIOMASS Project, financed by MAVA, was created in 203 in order to install a new wood and olive marc briquette production plant for the biomass stoves used by the inhabitants of the region. There is currently a plant near Kfarfagoud capable of producing a million briquettes per year. The plant intends to expand a nearby building, creating the possibility of more space and mechanization which will allow for increased production capacity in coming years. This document has been created to analyze how production could be increased by studying the feasibility of the project and, more specifically, the possibility of sustainably fueling the plant with local raw materials in the future. The three components used in producing the briquettes will be sold to the consumer with % moisture content (MC): - Woodchips from the forest (4% MC at origin). - Woodchips from agricultural waste (4% MC at origin). - Olive marc (30% MC at origin). The woodchips represent 43% of the end product and the remaining % corresponds to the olive marc. Both the woodchips from agricultural waste and the olive marc rely on pruning of fruit trees (almonds, olives, pines, etc.), in addition to the olive oil mill waste. According to the information collected by the technicians in the already existing plant and personnel related to the project in the area, there should be no problem maintaining a sustainable supply of raw materials each year from these processes, due to their agricultural origin. The limitation is found in the woodchips collected from the forest which depend on the annual production of the nearby mountains where the maximum collection amount allowed is the annual waste produced by the forest, so as not to affect the existing forest ecosystem. It is not allowed to collect more from the mountain than is naturally produced in order to create sustainable use of the wood over time, and to enhance the survival of the forest areas. 2. METHODOLOGY. There are various forest types nearby that can be used for collecting wood: deciduous hardwood from Quercus infectoria, broadleaved evergreens such as the Quercus calliprinos (and a mixture of both), pine forests of Pinus brutia, and areas with both deciduous and pine trees. The undergrowth of the deciduous forests can be used while only the clippings, from pruning the lower branches up to 2.-3m off the ground, of pine forests can be used as it is illegal to cut down conifers. However, it is possible to take further advantage of some THERMAL BIOMASS PROJECT 203. STUDY OF FOREST BIOMASS SUSTAINABILITY 2
3 pine forests, by thinning and clearing them due to the age, density and heightened forest fire risks (if and when such thinning and clearing is allowed). The mapped areas were surveyed in November 203, within the limits described by those responsible in Lebanon, in order to confirm the existence and approximate production capacity of the mountains that the future plant in Kfarfagoud could use. The territory has been divided into seven areas, disregarding the wooded areas with a slope greater than 30%, studying the areas with an <30% slope, based on the forest specie distribution, size, crown closure (CC) and exploitation strategy. At the end of this document it is shown the DISTRIBUTION MAP OF AVAILABLE FORESTS. The different types of exploitations used to obtain raw material will be:. Coppice broadleaved. Forests formed by Quercus calliprinos bushes, Quercus infectoria or a mixture of both, with different coppice stands have an average diameter between 6 and cm each, a height between 3 and m and a CC between 40% and 90%. The cutting period is years and only the thin wood will be taken into account (twigs, branches, etc.) for wood chips, as the thicker wood will be used in the stoves directly due to their size. 2. Pruning of pine forests. Pine forests of Pinus brutia are often found on old abandoned terraces or in woods with steep hillsides. The pines have an average diameter of -2 cm, a height between 4 and 0 m, the CC is between 4% and 90% and there is no cutting allowed due to current legislation. Therefore, the exploitation will come from pruning the lower 2.-3 m of the pine trees, which will lighten the forest mass and reduce the risk of forest fires. 3. Mix of broadleaved trees and conifers (pines). Forests where trees from both groups previously mentioned are present and which are often found on abandoned terraces. 3. EXTRACTING RAW MATERIALS. Below is a chart broken-down into areas and type of mountain in order to calculate the opportunity in the area outlined in the map: AREA MOUNTAIN TYPE Deciduous (Q. infectoria) HECTARES (SLOPE 30%) CC (%) THIN THICK THIN THICK TOTAL THERMAL BIOMASS PROJECT 203. STUDY OF FOREST BIOMASS SUSTAINABILITY 3
4 AREA MOUNTAIN TYPE Evergreen (Q. calliprinos) Evergreen (Q. calliprinos) Deciduous (Q. infectoria) HECTARES (SLOPE 30%) CC (%) THIN THICK THIN THICK TOTAL , THERMAL BIOMASS PROJECT 203. STUDY OF FOREST BIOMASS SUSTAINABILITY 4
5 AREA MOUNTAIN TYPE HECTARES (SLOPE 30%) CC (%) THIN THICK THIN THICK TOTAL Deciduous (Q. infectoria) Evergreen (Q. calliprinos) Deciduous (Q. infectoria) Evergreen (Q. calliprinos) TOTAL: 2,36.93, , ,93.92 AVERAGE:.84 /YEAR WITH 4% MC The proposed raw material needed is: Year t/year % MC briquettes/year FOREST CHIPS (t) 4% MC AGRICULTURAL CHIPS (t) 4% MC OLIVE MARC (t) 30% MC TOTAL 30%-4% MC 203,200,000, , ,489,24, ,3 20,848,40, ,232 2, ,293,9, ,29 2, ,846 2,3, ,898 3, ,32 2,943, ,34 4, ,383 3,62, ,303 2,923, ,440 4,33, 9,26 3,62 6, ,,62,60,0 2,26 4,0,84 THERMAL BIOMASS PROJECT 203. STUDY OF FOREST BIOMASS SUSTAINABILITY
6 As can be seen, the supply of thin forest wood (twigs, branches, etc.) is limited and does not go above,000 t/year, with an initial moisture content of 4%. As a result of this limitation, it would be necessary to increase the amount of agricultural wood acquired each year and reaching agreements with farmers in order to organize the collection of raw materials, by gathering them on the outskirts of towns and in controlled areas. In the broadleaf treed mountains studied it would be possible to collect 2,8 t/year of thick wood. This wood is mainly used in stoves and will therefore not be used to manufacture briquettes. According to the information supplied by those responsible for the plant, the olive marc produced in the area seems not to be a limiting factor, as a greater quantity is produced each year than is consumed by the plant, when it reaches maximum production. 4. PROJECT FEASIBILITY. As long as the maximum extraction of the areas studied is respected, the project will be viable by substituting part of the forest wood with agricultural wood, when necessary. Organizing the collection of agricultural wood in each town in stockpile sites will be paramount in making the woodchips profitable, by transporting mobile machinery to each stockpile point. THERMAL BIOMASS PROJECT 203. STUDY OF FOREST BIOMASS SUSTAINABILITY 6
7 The use of thin forest wood reduces the prevalence of this wood in the mountain thereby reducing the risk of forest fires. The use of agricultural wood reduces the need for bonfires that farmers currently use to dispose of it. On occasion, when the supply of both forest and agricultural wood is low, an increase in the amount of olive marc for manufacturing briquettes is possible. A small olive oil mill was visited which produces about 40 tons of this type of fuel per year; the briquettes made of 00% olive marc worked properly in local residents stoves. THERMAL BIOMASS PROJECT 203. STUDY OF FOREST BIOMASS SUSTAINABILITY
8
Australian Pine Log Price Index
Australian Pine Log Price Index Updated to June 28 : ADVISORY This page has been intentionally left blank. Advisory This report contains 39 pages HVP8 Jan - Jun (Public Version) 26 KPMG, an Australian
More informationNational Report to the Fifth Session of the United Nations Forum on Forests LEBANON
National Report to the Fifth Session of the United Nations Forum on Forests LEBANON Octobre 2004 1 I. Key Contacts Head of Forestry and UNFF national focal point in Lebanon: Name: Title: Ghattas AKL Director
More informationKUHMO: the perfect example of local bioenergy production
Kajaani University Consortium CEMIS-Oulu timo.karjalainen@oulu.fi KUHMO: the perfect example of local bioenergy production Background Much more wood energy must be used in the near future to help meet
More informationArbor Day Tree Trivia
Arbor Day Tree Trivia What day is Arbor Day? The last Friday of April. (April 30, 2010) Who is the father of Arbor Day? J. Sterling Morton When was the first Arbor Day? 1872 Name Idaho's state tree. Western
More informationFREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS Biomass Harvest Guidelines
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS Biomass Harvest Guidelines What do Biomass Harvest Guidelines offer? They offer recommendations to manage forest-, brush- and open- land with the intent to protect water, timber,
More informationSödra Näs Vimmerby Energi AB Biomass District Heating Plant, Sweden
Södra Näs Vimmerby Energi AB Biomass District Heating Plant, Sweden Vimmerby Energi AB, a energy company owned by the municipality of Vimmerby. The company Vimmerby Energi AB is serving the municipality
More informationPotentials for Biomass Utilization. in Serbia
Potentials for Biomass Utilization for German Companies in Serbia Vojislav Milijic, CEO Foragrobio CC doo, President of National Biomass Association SERBIO Content 1. Biomass potentials & realization 2.
More informationTHE ECOSYSTEM - Biomes
Biomes The Ecosystem - Biomes Side 2 THE ECOSYSTEM - Biomes By the end of this topic you should be able to:- SYLLABUS STATEMENT ASSESSMENT STATEMENT CHECK NOTES 2.4 BIOMES 2.4.1 Define the term biome.
More informationFUNDED BY DTI, SCOTTISH ENTERPRISE, WELSH ASSEMBLY GOVERNMENT AND THE FORESTRY COMMISSION
WOODFUEL RESOURCE IN BRITAIN FINAL REPORT, B/W3/00787/REP, URN03/1436 FUNDED BY DTI, SCOTTISH ENTERPRISE, WELSH ASSEMBLY GOVERNMENT AND THE FORESTRY COMMISSION H. McKay December 2003 WOODFUEL RESOURCE
More informationStand Density Management Diagram
H O W T O U S E A Stand Density Management Diagram Yield predictions for a spacing prescription Ministry of Forests Forest Practices Branch Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Main entry under title:
More informationUse of Substitute Fuels in Large Combustion Plants (LCPs)
Use of Substitute Fuels in Large Combustion Plants (LCPs) By Pat Swords Content of the Presentation What are substitute fuels What is the experience to date with these fuels What are the regulatory implications
More informationAre My. Pine Trees. Ready To Thin?
Are My Pine Trees Ready To Thin? ARE MY PINE TREES READY TO THIN? One question private forest landowners ask most frequently is, Are my pine trees ready to thin? There is no definite answer to this question,
More informationKing Fire Restoration Project, Eldorado National Forest, Placer and El Dorado Counties, Notice of intent to prepare an environmental impact statement.
This document is scheduled to be published in the Federal Register on 12/24/2014 and available online at http://federalregister.gov/a/2014-30158, and on FDsys.gov [3410-11- P] DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
More informationEstimation of Carbon Stock in Indian Forests. Subhash Ashutosh Joint Director Forest Survey of India sashutosh30@yahoo.com
Estimation of Carbon Stock in Indian Forests Subhash Ashutosh Joint Director Forest Survey of India sashutosh30@yahoo.com Salient Features of the Methodology most comprehensive assessment so far a GIS
More informationBIOMASS SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AND CONTROLLING
BIOMASS SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AND CONTROLLING FOCUS AND CONTENT The focus of the presentation is on forest biomass in Central Finland Content Entities of the forest biomass demand and supply chain Forest
More information18 voting members 44 stakeholders 114 email list. Senators: Wyden & Merkley Representative DeFazio
18 voting members 44 stakeholders 114 email list Senators: Wyden & Merkley Representative DeFazio State Representative Krieger State Senators: Roblan, Johnson, and Kruse Governor Brown s office County
More informationForest Management Plan Templates
Forest Management Plan Templates The following templates as described in the Forestry Schemes Manual 2011 can be used in support of all scheme applications as described in the scheme documents 2014-2020
More informationAnalysis of Wildfire Likelihood and Opportunities For Mitigation in the Chornobyl Forestscape
Analysis of Wildfire Likelihood and Opportunities for Mitigation in the Chernobyl Irradiated Forests By James McCarter, Sergiy Zibtsev, Aaron Hohl, Mykhaylo Petrenko LMS Portfolios The Landscape Management
More informationForest carbon sequestration and climate change. Dr Brian Tobin University College Dublin
Forest carbon sequestration and climate change Dr Brian Tobin University College Dublin Overview Sequestration what is it & why important? Role of forests in climate change CARBiFOR research project Forest
More informationThe Rural Development Programme for England (RDPE) A quick guide for Foresters and Woodland Owners
The Rural Development Programme for England (RDPE) A quick guide for Foresters and Woodland Owners The European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development: Europe investing in rural areas. www.rdpenortheast.co.uk
More informationGuidelines for stakeholders in bio-coal supply chain: Hypothesis based on market study in Finland and Latvia
Baltic Bioenergy and Industrial Charcoal Guidelines for stakeholders in bio-coal supply chain: Hypothesis based on market study in Finland and Latvia Lei Wang, Jukka Hyytiäinen, Esko Mikkonen The Development
More informationTree and forest restoration following wildfire
Peter F. Kolb (PhD) MSU Extension Forestry Specialist Adj. Assistant Professor Forest Ecology School of Forestry, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59808 Tel. (406) 243-4705, e-mail: efpfk@forestry.umt.edu
More informationUnits of Measure and Conversion Factors for Forest Products
Units of Measure and Conversion Factors for Forest Products Bulletin #7103 Knowledge of the common units of wood measurement is important to people who are involved in marketing forest products. These
More informationUtilization of Agricultural Waste for Composite Panels
Utilization of Agricultural Waste for Composite Panels Chung Y. Hse Principal Wood Scientist USDA Forest Service Todd F. Shupe Associate Professor Louisiana State University 6 th Pacific Rim Bio-Based
More informationLessons learnt from the use of solid biom ass in Germ any -
Energie Lessons learnt from the use of solid biom ass in Germ any - how can Bulgaria benefit Christian Leuchtw eis ( Physicist) C.A.R.M.E.N. e.v. www.renewables- m ade- in- germ any.de Content Lessons
More informationIn Brief: Full List of Activities. Promoting Sustainable Biomass Energy Production and Modern Bio-Energy Technologies in Sri Lanka
In Brief: Full List of Activities Promoting Sustainable Biomass Energy Production and Modern Bio-Energy Technologies in Sri Lanka Promoting Sustainable Biomass Energy Production and Modern Bio-Energy Technologies
More informationUsing LCA to demonstrate genuine sustainability in wood products design: An American Hardwood Case Study
Using LCA to demonstrate genuine sustainability in wood products design: An American Hardwood Case Study Rupert Oliver, Sustainability Consultant American Hardwood Export Council LCA of U.S. hardwood lumber
More informationQ. Why does OG&E clear vegetation away from power lines? A. Trees that grow into power lines can cause problems in multiple ways:
Q. Why does OG&E clear vegetation away from power lines? A. Trees that grow into power lines can cause problems in multiple ways: Outages Tree limbs contacting power lines are one of the most common causes
More informationWood market in Poland: structure of use, industrial and energy purposes
InnovaWood/Wood Technology Institute Poznan, 25-26.06.2007 Wood market in Poland: structure of use, industrial and energy purposes Prof. Ewa Ratajczak, PhD Wojciech Cichy, PhD Joanna Pikul, MSc Wood Technology
More informationBiomass availability and supply for co-firing projects in Alberta. Dominik Roser, Ph.D.
Biomass availability and supply for co-firing projects in Alberta Dominik Roser, Ph.D. About FPInnovations A private non-profit Canadian corporation Supports competitiveness of the Canadian forest sector
More informationDirect sowing versus planting
Direct sowing versus planting Experience with tropical afforestation and land rehabilitation, pros. and cons. Danish and Swedish field trials. Results until now. Why are trees usually planted and not sown?
More information2. Wood as Energy Resource
2. Wood as Energy Resource 2.1 Amount of Consumption and Resources Wood is an important energy source all over the world. In Denmark energy wood is available in the form of forest chips, fuelwood, wood
More informationWoody Biomass Supply and Demand 1
Woody Biomass Supply and Demand 1 Bryce Stokes, Ph.D. Senior Advisor Navarro Research & Engineering, Inc. Department of Energy, Golden Field Office Golden, CO Introduction Forest biomass is one of the
More informationWhat Do You See? FOR 274: Forest Measurements and Inventory. Logs and Scaling: Definitions. Tree and Wood Volume Log Volumes Cords Weight Scaling
What Do You See? FOR 274: Forest Measurements and Inventory Tree and Wood Volume Log Volumes Cords Weight Scaling Logs and Scaling: Definitions Logs: cut trees lengths of 8ft or more The process of measuring
More informationSDE+ sustainability requirements for solid biomass
SDE+ sustainability requirements for solid biomass >> Sustainable. Agricultural. Innovative. International. 2 The sustainability requirements for the categories Existing capacity for co-gasification and
More informationKindergarten Plants and Plant Growth Assessment
Kindergarten Plants and Plant Growth Assessment 1a. Circle one thing that plants need to grow: 1b. Circle all of the things that plants need to grow: 1c. Name three things that plants need to grow: 2a.
More informationBIOMASS LOOKING FOR EFFICIENT UTILIZATION THE REHEAT CONCEPT. Jaroslav Lahoda Olaf Arndt Walter Hanstein. Siemens Power Generation (PG)
BIOMASS LOOKING FOR EFFICIENT UTILIZATION THE REHEAT CONCEPT Jaroslav Lahoda Olaf Arndt Walter Hanstein Siemens Power Generation (PG) Brno, Czech Republic & Görlitz, Germany BIOMASS LOOKING FOR EFFICIENT
More informationCharcoal Production in Ghana
Charcoal Production in Ghana Building a Sustainable Model based on Community Management and Payments for Ecosystem Services John J. Mason Executive Director NCRC, Accra In 1900 Ghana had 8.2 million hectares
More informationViveka Palm, Sebastian Constantino (SCB) Elsa Varela, Nicolas Robert, Robert Mavsar (EFIMED)
Viveka Palm, Sebastian Constantino (SCB) Elsa Varela, Nicolas Robert, Robert Mavsar (EFIMED) Forest Accounts in CREEA Key findings and future perspectives Final Conference Brussels, 25 th March 2014 CREEA
More informationEmissions estimate from forest fires: methodology, software and European case studies
Emissions estimate from forest fires: methodology, software and European case studies Carlo Trozzi, Rita Vaccaro, Enzo Piscitello Techne srl, Via Nicola Zabaglia, 3 I00153 Roma, Italy techneit@techneit.com
More informationEconomics of Natural Resources and the Environment. Exhaustible Resources. Joana Vaz Pais
Economics of Natural Resources and the Environment Exhaustible Resources Joana Vaz Pais. Joana Vaz Pais jpais@iseg.utl.pt Off. 212 www.joanapais.com Program References Lecture 1 Program Sustainable 1.
More information(06.10.2011) Matjaž Grmek, ApE
Study Tour Slovenia (06.10.2011) Matjaž Grmek, ApE 1 Location We visited 3 locations: 1.1 Vransko Innovation Centre and district heating system Energetika Vransko 1.2 Biogas plant Organica nova and research
More informationRenewable Energy from Biomass. Opportunities in London and Area? Eric Rosen
Renewable Energy from Biomass Opportunities in London and Area? Eric Rosen KMW ENERGY INC. LONDON, ONTARIO Tel: (519) 686-1771 www.kmwenergy.com Company Background Long History in designing bioenergy systems.
More informationEuropean Forest Data Centre Biosoil/Biodiversity Forest Type Map 2006 P. Kempeneers, JRC T. Durant F. Sedano, JRC L. Seebach, JRC J. San-Miguel-Ayanz, JRC EC -, IES Land Management and Natural Hazard Unit
More informationHFQLG Project Evaluation Form
HFQLG Evaluation Form Names: Watershed Restoration Defensible Fuel Profile Zone Loyalton Pines Wildland Urban Interface Fuels Reduction Types: Watershed Restoration - Implemented pond and plug restoration
More informationUsing resources in an efficient way Case Metsä Group
EN(14)4468:1 Using resources in an efficient way Case Tytti Peltonen Copa Cogeca workshop on Circular Economy 4.6.2014 1 sustainably from the forest Sales EUR 4.9 billion; personnel 11,000 Production units
More informationCreating diverse forests with multiple benefits
Creating diverse forests with multiple benefits What can forests offer you? funded by Healthy forests have many functions. They purify the air we breathe and filter the water we drink. Forests give us
More informationi-tree-eco International Versions
i-tree-eco International Versions David J. Nowak (US Forest Service, Northern Research Station) June 28, 2010 Executive Summary To enhance the ability of i-tree to work outside the United States, various
More informationLidar Remote Sensing for Forestry Applications
Lidar Remote Sensing for Forestry Applications Ralph O. Dubayah* and Jason B. Drake** Department of Geography, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 0 *rdubayah@geog.umd.edu **jasdrak@geog.umd.edu 1
More informationGuidelines for Degraded Landscape Management (Deliverable #16) September 30, 2013
Biodiversity and Agricultural Commodities Program BACP-Rainforest Alliance Grant-015 ( Applying sustainable cocoa practices through agroforestry in community forest areas as a tool for achieving biodiversity
More informationBiomass Supply and Cost Profile: Five North Florida Counties
AP P E N D I X IN T R O D U C T I O N E Biomass Supply and Cost Profile: Five North Florida Counties The Wood to Energy Project at the University of Florida School of Forest Resources and Conservation
More informationPruning Trees. Center for Landscape and Urban Horticulture. University of California Cooperative Extension Central Coast & South Region
University of California Cooperative Extension Central Coast & South Region Center for Landscape and Urban Horticulture Pruning Trees Pruning Trees at Planting Landscape trees should not be pruned at planting
More informationICP-Forests Level I grid net and its harmonization with the National Forest Inventory in Europe and in Spain
CONVERGENCES AND COMPLEMENTARITIES OF FOREST INFORMATION SYSTEMS ICP-Forests Level I grid net and its harmonization with the National Forest Inventory in Europe and in Spain European scope Study of scenarios
More informationAnnual World Biofuels Conference 25th to 29th April 2011 Dalian, China
Annual World Biofuels Conference 25th to 29th April 2011 Dalian, China Understanding the cooking and lighting habits to design socially acceptable SCORE stove Survey in Nepal and Uganda Dr. Teodoro Sanchez
More informationBiomass pellets production with industrial and agro-industrial wastes
Sustainable Development and Planning V 99 Biomass pellets production with industrial and agro-industrial wastes J. C. A. R. Claro & D. Costa-Gonzalez Centro de Química Vila Real / Departamento de Química,
More information4.0 Discuss some effects of disturbances on the forest.
4.0 Discuss some effects of disturbances on the forest. 4.1 Describe common disturbances that occur in the Boreal forest. Disturbances are normal to the life of the forest. Forests are very resilient (able
More informationFire, Forest History, and Ecological Restoration of Ponderosa Pine Forests at Mount Rushmore, South Dakota
Fire, Forest History, and Ecological Restoration of Ponderosa Pine Forests at Mount Rushmore, South Dakota Restoration uses the past not as a goal but as a reference point for the future...it is not to
More informationMETHODOLOGY TO DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN NON-RENEWABLE AND RENEWABLE BIOMASS
METHODOLOGY TO DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN NON-RENEWABLE AND RENEWABLE BIOMASS In order to claim emission reductions from the reduction in non-renewable biomass, project participants must demonstrate that the
More informationBiomass district heating in Austria
Biomass district heating in Austria Overview 1. Bioenergy in Austria 2. Biomass District Heating and Wood Energy Contracting 3. Biomass Trade Centres 4. Agri for Energy 2 Styrian Chamber of Agriculture
More informationBiomass Facility Development - USDA to Provide Strategic Programs
USDA s Bioenergy Initiative Case Studies: Biomass Facility Funding Biomass Working Group January 21, 2014 Agriculture Defense Energy Interior Treasury The Federal Government Family of Departments The Federal
More informationLoading Productivity of Untrimmed and Trimmed Pulpwood
Loading Productivity of Untrimmed and Trimmed Pulpwood Jason Thompson 1, John Klepac 1, and Dana Mitchell 2 1 Engineer, Forest Operations Research Unit, Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service 2
More informationTeacher Information Lesson Title: Density labs
Teacher Information Lesson Title: Density labs Lesson Description: These labs are hands on exercises that will allow the students to measure and calculate the densities of different types of objects. The
More informationDINTERIA No. 28:39-43 Windhoek, Namibia May 2003. Research note: Fire damage to Schinziophyton rautanenii (Schinz) trees in North-eastern Namibia
DINTERIA No. 28:39-43 Windhoek, Namibia May 2003 Research note: Fire damage to Schinziophyton rautanenii (Schinz) trees in North-eastern Namibia F. P. Graz Department of Land Management, Polytechnic of
More information10 S TEPS FOR C ARBON C REDIT S UPPORTED PROJECTS:
10 S TEPS FOR C ARBON C REDIT S UPPORTED PROJECTS: Mercy Corps supports initiatives that fulfil our development mandate; where these also reduce greenhouse gas emissions we can look for financial support
More informationEXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT AND OIL PALM FROND WASTE MIXTURE AS AN ALTERNATIVE BIOMASS FUEL
Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Vol. 8, No. 6 (2013) 703-712 School of Engineering, Taylor s University EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT AND OIL PALM FROND WASTE MIXTURE AS AN
More informationSupply Chain Comparison. COEE Project 1
Supply Chain Comparison COEE Project 1 Table of Contents Gaps in Research... 1 National Biofuels Plan... 1 Idaho National Laboratory... 1 Sandia National Laboratory... 2 Oak Ridge National Laboratory...
More informationDOE Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) 2015 Project Peer Review
DOE Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) 2015 Project Peer Review Waste to Wisdom: Utilizing forest residues for the production of bioenergy and biobased products March 23 rd, 2015 Technology Area Review
More informationThe UK Timber Resource and Future Supply Chain. Ben Ditchburn Forest Research
The UK Timber Resource and Future Supply Chain Ben Ditchburn Forest Research Timber availability The landscape of timber availability in Great Britain and the United Kingdom is moving through a period
More informationNorwegian Forests. Policy and Resources
Norwegian Forests Policy and Resources 21 Forestry in Norway Norway has long traditions in forestry and forest management, and for using wood in construction and as a source of energy. Sawn wood and round
More informationPOLYCITY. Technical measures and experiences at a 6 MW cogeneration plant with wood chip furnace POLYCITY
Technical measures and experiences at a 6 MW cogeneration plant with wood chip furnace Content 1. Technical overview cogeneration plant and heating network 2. Investment of the facility 3. Experiences
More informationMARK NELSON USU EXTENSION AGENT Beaver County, Utah
MARK NELSON USU EXTENSION AGENT Beaver County, Utah Utah Beaver County Currently there are nearly 50 million acres of Pinyon/Juniper woodlands across the west and more acres are being invaded each year.
More informationTable A1. To assess functional connectivity of Pacific marten (Martes caurina) we identified three stand types of interest (open,
Supplemental Online Appendix Table A1. To assess functional connectivity of Pacific marten (Martes caurina) we identified three stand types of interest (open, simple, complex) but divided these into subclasses
More informationPost-Wildfire Clean-Up and Response in Houston Toad Habitat Best Management Practices
Post-Wildfire Clean-Up and Response in Houston Toad Habitat Best Management Practices Purpose The purpose of this document is to provide guidance and recommendations for minimizing potential impacts to
More informationH-GAC Debris Workshop 2: Mitigating Your Hazards Handout 1 Public Outreach Debris Mitigation Strategies
H-GAC Debris Workshop 2: Mitigating Your Hazards Handout 1 Public Outreach Debris Mitigation Strategies This handout provides examples of debris mitigation initiatives for the public that communities have
More informationHome Heating Fuels. Should I switch to firewood or wood pellets?
EC 1628-E June 2009 Home Heating Fuels Should I switch to firewood or wood pellets? J. Reeb With rising costs for natural gas, fuel oil, and electricity, more people are thinking of burning firewood or
More informationForest Resources of the Gila National Forest
United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station May 2008 Forest Resources of the Gila National Forest John D. Shaw New Mexico Gila National Forest About the author
More informationVERMONT Fuels For. Schools. A Renewable Energy-Use Initiative AN OVERVIEW
VERMONT Fuels For Schools A Renewable Energy-Use Initiative AN OVERVIEW Vermont Fuels For Schools An initiative of BIOMASS ENERGY RESOURCE CENTER in collaboration with The Vermont Superintendents Association
More informationSilvicultural principles, phases and measures in growing valuable broadleaved tree species
Silvicultural principles, phases and measures in growing valuable broadleaved tree species A. Oosterbaan(1), E. Hochbichler(2), V.N. Nicolescu(3) and H. Spiecker(4) (1)Alterra, Wageningen UR, PO.Box 47,
More informationAppendix C. Re-vegetation and Rehabilitation Sub-Plan
Appendix C Re-vegetation and Rehabilitation Sub-Plan DRENNAN SOLAR ENERGY FACILITY REVEGETATION & REHABILITATION PLAN PRODUCED FOR ERM ON BEHALF OF SOLAIREDIRECT BY Simon.Todd@3foxes.co.za JUNE 2013 BACKGROUND
More informationFinland Biogas Update of the Global Methane Initiative (GMI) Tri-Subcommittee Meeting, Florianópolis Brazil
Finland Biogas Update of the Global Methane Initiative (GMI) Tri-Subcommittee Meeting, Florianópolis Brazil 14 March 2014 Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Finland 1 Finland Finland Surface area 338
More informationBiomass Supply Chain Project
CABINET Biomass Supply Chain Project Report of Executive Director Economy, Place and Skills Portfolio Holder : Cllr J McCann Environment and Regeneration 24 th November 2010 Officer Contact : Nik Anderson,
More informationMOVING FORWARD WITH LIDAR REMOTE SENSING: AIRBORNE ASSESSMENT OF FOREST CANOPY PARAMETERS
MOVING FORWARD WITH LIDAR REMOTE SENSING: AIRBORNE ASSESSMENT OF FOREST CANOPY PARAMETERS Alicia M. Rutledge Sorin C. Popescu Spatial Sciences Laboratory Department of Forest Science Texas A&M University
More informationSUMMARY OF CHANGES FOR THE PILOT AVOCADO CROP PROVISIONS (CA) (2012-0019)
SUMMARY OF CHANGES FOR THE PILOT AVOCADO CROP PROVISIONS (CA) (2012-0019) The following is a brief description of changes to the Pilot Avocado Crop Provisions (CA) that will be effective for the 2012 crop
More information1 SEEDLING QUALITY. Seedling quality
Seedling quality Quality versus quantity A nursery manager s most important goal is to produce quality trees. Quality is more important than quantity. It is a common mistake in nurseries to concentrate
More information2. Importance of Energy to Human Population Growth and the Economy. Gail Tverberg Energy Economics and Analysis Modeling
2. Importance of Energy to Human Population Growth and the Economy Gail Tverberg Energy Economics and Analysis Modeling How might additional energy supply increase human population? } There are far more
More informationFinancial maturity is when the rate of value
Cutting at Financial Maturity: Maximizing the economic return of your woodland Woodland owners harvest trees for financial and personal reasons. Deciding when is the optimal time to harvest is difficult
More informationCOMPARTMENT REVIEW RECORD OF CHANGES AND DECISIONS. Michigan Department of Natural Resources. Atlanta Management Unit. 2015 Year-of-Entry
COMPARTMENT REVIEW RECORD OF CHANGES AND DECISIONS Michigan Department of Natural Resources Atlanta Management Unit 2015 Year-of-Entry Atlanta Field Office October 31, 2013 The following documents the
More informationAdditional Criteria and Indicators for Cocoa Production
Additional Criteria and Indicators for Cocoa Production November 2005 (SAN): Conservación y Desarrollo (CyD), Ecuador Fundación Interamericana de Investigación Tropical (FIIT), Guatemala Fundación Natura,
More informationCALCULATING AVAILABLE FORAGE
CALCULATING AVAILABLE FORAGE Mindy Pratt and G. Allen Rasmussen Range Management Fact Sheet May 2001 NR/RM/03 An important part of calculating Stocking Rate is knowing the amount of available forage you
More informationCharcoal TFT research
Charcoal TFT research February 2015 Charcoal in Europe More than 800,000 tons of charcoal is used in Europe every year. Between 5 and 12 tons of wood are required to produce just one ton of wood-based
More informationDeveloping Forest Resource and Biomass Markets in the South
Developing Forest Resource and Biomass Markets in the South Volume I: An Overview of the Timber and Biomass Supply Chain March 2012 Notice This volume is part of a series of technical reports designed
More informationCreating Green Jobs within the Environment and Culture sector.
Creating Green Jobs within the Environment and Culture sector. Matilda Skosana Environmental Programmes (ILO Definition): 1. DEFINITION OF GREEN JOB. Jobs are green when they help reduce negative environmental
More informationRENEWABLE RESOURCES. Kinds of renewable resources. 1. Solar energy
RENEWABLE RESOURCES Natural resources (also called land or raw materials) occur naturally within environments that exist relatively undisturbed by mankind, in a natural form. Natural resources are derived
More informationSeed collection, handling, storage and management
Seed collection, handling, storage and management Mohammad Ismail Nasri Technical Officer/Forester Afghan Conservation Corps Sayed Aziz Department of Natural Resources, MAIL Table of Contents 1. Introduction
More informationAlternative fuels in cement manufacturing
Alternative fuels in cement manufacturing Martin Oerter Forschungsinstitut der Zementindustrie GmbH Tannenstrasse 2 40476 Düsseldorf Münster, 27 October 2015 Research and services for the industrial minerals
More informationDetermining Return on Investment for Forests for Tomorrow. Forests For Tomorrow February 2013 (supersedes earlier FFT ROI documents)
Determining Return on Investment for Forests for Tomorrow Forests For Tomorrow February 2013 (supersedes earlier FFT ROI documents) 1 Table of Contents Introduction... 3 1. ROI field cards... 3 2. ROI
More informationBIOENERGY (FROM NORWEGIAN FORESTS) GOOD OR BAD FOR THE CLIMATE?
Presentation at NordGen Skog conference Odense, September 13-14, 2011 BIOENERGY (FROM NORWEGIAN FORESTS) GOOD OR BAD FOR THE CLIMATE? Per Kristian Rørstad Dept. of Ecology and Natural Resource Management
More informationin the Appalachian Bituminous U.S.D.A. FOREST SERVICE RESEARCH PAPER NE-147 1970
A ~ook at the MINEmTlMBER MARKET in the Appalachian Bituminous Coal Region 1 by Robert Knutron U.S.D.A. FOREST SERVICE RESEARCH PAPER NE-147 1970 NORTHEASTERN FOREST EXPERIMENT STATION, UPPER DARBY, PA.
More informationHealthy Forests Resilient Water Supply Vibrant Economy. Ecological Restoration Institute
Healthy Forests Resilient Water Supply Vibrant Economy Ecological Restoration Institute How Water Gets to Your Home MOST OF THE VALLEY S WATER SUPPLY comes from winter precipitation and runoff from Arizona
More informationHow To Save A Mill Waste Plant
Outline of Assumptions for TR&MC Cases and Exhibits Assumption #1: Fuel Prices I Assumed a fuel mixture of 40% mill waste and 60% wood chips with prices of about eight dollars a ton on mill waste and sixteen
More information