Supply Chain Management with SAP APO

Transcription

1 Jörg Thomas Dickersbach Supply Chain Management with SAP APO Structures, Modelling Approaches and Implementation of SAP SCM rd edition Springer

2 Contents PART I - OVERVIEW 1 SCM Projects with SAP APO The Supply Chain Management Approach Supply Chain Management Projects with SAP APO SAP APO Project Management and Peculiarities 7 2 SCM Processes and SAP APO Modules 9 3 SAP APO Architecture Technical Building Blocks of SAP APO Master Data Overview Model and Version Planners Order Categories Pegging Data Locking 28 PART II - DEMAND PLANNING 4 Demand Planning Demand Planning Overview Demand Planning Process Planning Levels and Consistent Planning 34 vn

3 viii Contents 4.2 Data Structure for Demand Planning Characteristics, Key Figures and Structure Overview Planning Object Structure and Planning Area Configuration of the Planning Object Structure Configuration of the Planning Area Disaggregation Organisation of Characteristic Value Combinations Time Series Planning Book, Macros and Interactive Planning Planning Book Macros Fixing of Values Statistical Forecasting Basics of Forecasting Data History Univariate Forecast Models Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) Forecast Execution Life Cycle Planning Promotion Planning Dependent Demand in Demand Planning Collaborative Forecasting Background Planning Release of the Demand Plan Topics for the Demand Plan Release Forecast Release Forecast After Constraints Transfer to SAP ERP 83 5 Forecast Consumption and Planning Strategies Make-to-Stock Make-to-Order Planning with Final Assembly Planning Without Final Assembly Planning for Assembly Groups Technical Settings for the Requirements Strategies 92

4 Contents ix PART III - ORDER FULFILMENT 6 Order Fulfilment Overview 97 7 Sales Sales Order Entry : Availability Check Overview Functionality Overview for the Availability Check ATP Functionality for Document Types Master Data and Configuration Master Data for ATP Basic ATP Configuration Time Buckets and Time Zones Product Availability Check Product Availability Check Logic Product Availability Check Configuration Ill 7.5 Allocations Business Background and Implications Configuration of the Allocation Check Allocation Maintenance and Connection to DP Collective Product Allocations Forecast Check Rules-Based ATP Transportation and Shipment Scheduling Backorder Processing Transportation Planning Transportation Planning Overview Master Data and Configuration Master Data for TP/VS Geo-Coding Configuration of the CIF TP/VS Planning Board TP/VS Optimisation Scheduling Carrier Selection Collaboration Release and Transfer to SAP ERP Dynamic Route Determination 162

5 x Contents PART IV - DISTRIBUTION 9 Distribution and Supply Chain Planning Overview Distribution and Supply Chain Planning Scenarios Applications for Distribution and Supply Chain Planning Order Cycle for Stock Transfers Integration of Stock Transfers to SAP ERP SNP Planning Book Integrated Distribution and Production Planning Cases for Integrated Planning SNP Optimiser Basics of the Supply Network Optimiser Optimiser Set-up and Scope Costs and Constraints Discretisation Technical Settings Capable-to-Match CTM Planning Approach Prioritisation, Categorisation and Search Strategy CTM Planning CTM Planning Strategies Supply Distribution Distribution Planning Master Data for Distribution Planning SNP Heuristic Planned Stock Transfers Stock in Transit Storage and Handling Restrictions Sourcing Replenishment Deployment Deployment Overview Deployment Heuristic Deployment Optimisation Transport Load Builder 227

6 Contents xi PART V - PRODUCTION 13 Production Overview Production Process Overview Applications for Production Planning Scenario and Property Overview Lot Size Scrap Feasible Plans Master Data for Production Production Master Data Overview Resource for SNP PDS and PPM for SNP Resources for PP/DS PDS and PPM for PP/DS Integration to PP-PI Dependencies to the SAP ERP Configuration Rough-Cut Production Planning Basics of Rough-Cut Production Planning SNP Heuristic Capacity Levelling SNP Optimisation for Production Planning Capable-to-Match (with SNP Master Data) Scheduling in SNP Integration to PP/DS and SAP ERP Process Implications of Rough-Cut and Detailed Planning Integration to PP/DS Integration to SAP ERP Detailed Production Planning Basics of PP/DS Order Life Cycle and Order Status Scheduling and Strategy Profile Planning Procedure Real Quantity 300

7 xii Contents 15.2 Heuristics for Production Planning Concept of Production Planning and MRP Heuristic Production Planning Heuristics MRP Heuristic Net Change Planning and Planning File Entries Mass Processing Consumption Based Planning Material Flow and Service Heuristics Tools for Visualisation and Interactive Planning Product View Product Overview Product Planning Table Reporting Special Processes for Production Planning MRP Areas Production in a Different Location Capable-to-Match (with PP/DS Master Data) Sales in a Make-to-Order Environment Process Peculiarities and Overview Capable-to-Promise Steps Within the CTP Process Configuration of the CTP Process Problems with Time-Continuous CTP Bucket-Oriented CTP Interactive CTP Limitations for CTP Multi-level ATP Steps Within the Multi-level ATP Process Configuration of the Multi-level ATP Limitations for Multi-level ATP Detailed Scheduling Planning Board Basics of Detailed Scheduling Scheduling Strategies Error-Tolerant Scheduling Finiteness Level Scheduling Heuristics Sequence Dependent Set-up 353

8 Contents xiii 17.5 Sequence Optimisation Optimisation as Part of the Planning Process Optimisation Model and Scope Optimisation Controls Within the Optimisation Profile Handling and Tools for Optimisation Production Execution Planned Order Conversion ATP Check and Batch Selection Production Order Handling Modelling of Special Production Conditions Alternative Resources Modelling of Labour Overlapping Production Fixed Pegging and Order Network Push Production 383 PART VI - EXTERNAL PROCUREMENT 20 Purchasing Purchasing Overview Process Overview Order Life Cycle and Integration to SAP APO Suppliers and Procurement Relationships Supplier Selection Scheduling Agreements Supplier Capacity Subcontracting Subcontracting Process Overview Modelling of the Production at the Receiving Plant Modelling of the Production at the Supplier Subcontracting Process Variants Subcontracting in SNP 411

9 xiv Contents PART VII - CROSS PROCESS TOPICS 22 Stock and Safety Stock Stock Types in APO Safety Stock Interchangeability Interchangeability Overview Interchangeability in DP Interchangeability in SNP Interchangeability in PP/DS Interchangeability in ATP Exception Reporting Basics of Alert Monitoring Alert Types Alert Handling Alert Calculation in the Background Supply Chain Cockpit 435 PART VIII - SYSTEM INTEGRATION 25 Core Interface Overview of the Core Interface Configuration of the Core Interface Integration Models and Data Transfer Master Data Integration Transactional Data Integration Operational Concept Organisation of the Integration Models Organisation of the Data Transfer Data Consistency Queue Monitoring Integration to DP Data Storage in Info Cubes Data Loading Structures Data Upload 466

10 Contents xv APPENDIX References 471 Abbreviations 479 Transactions and Reports 481 Index 495