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1 All Electrical School with GS in Quebec Preliminary Results Vasile MINEA Workshop on Canadian Heat Pumps & Refrigeration Activities Montreal, May 10, 2004
2 Hydro-Quebec Contribution Sector: Commercial, Institutional & Industrial Field: Heat Pumps & Refrigeration R&D and Demonstration Projects (LTE) Technical Support to HQ s Customers Expert Advices to: HQ s Representatives in Regions Architects & Building Owners Design Engineers, Manufacturers & Contractors Diffusion of Information & Promotion Show-cases Conferences & Workshops IEA Heat Pump Program (Annex Projects) HQ s Energy Efficiency Program
3 All Electrical GS School All Electrical GS School Partners School Board (50 Schools) Previous Experience in Efficient Energy Projects Favourable & Competent Technical Service Local Design Engineering Firm Good Past Experience with GS Laboratoire des Technologies de l Énergie (LTE), Hydro-Quebec More than12 years Involving in such Projects Contribution to the System Design Energy Analysis (over12-month Period)
4 Objectives Built a High Energy Efficiency, All Electrical School Without Any Fossil Combustible Green School (consistent with Kyoto Protocol (Quebec: 99% Hydroelectricity) Serving as a Show - Case Determine the System Performance vs. Quebec & School Board s Average Specific Energy Consumption Promote the Efficient GS Heating & Cooling Systems in a Cold Climate
5 Building École du Tournant
6 Building Occupancy: maximum 200 Students Two Floors & a Partial Penthouse (Mechanical & Electrical Rooms) Ground Surface: sq.m. Total Floor Surface: sq.m. Uses Solar Energy
7 Geothermal System Geothermal System Simple Configuration Ground Heat Exchanger: 18 vertical Wells (125-m Depth Each) 25 Geothermal Heat Pumps 0.75 to 10-ton Total Capacity 58 tons Outdoor Air Preheating System Two Solar Walls (East West) Exhaust Air Heat Pipe Heat Recovery HEX 10-ton Ground-Source Heat Pump 110-kW Electrical Back-Up Coil 32 Measured Parameters
8 System Configuration System Configuration First Floor 12 W ater-to- Air Heat Pumps Ground Floor 12 W ater-to-air Heat Pumps Geothermal Heat Exchanger 32 Parameters LTE Laboratory Pumping Station Data Acquisitor MODEM Data Analysis Results
9 H Preheating GS Heat Pump Outdoor Air Preheating Outdoor Air Preheating GS System Solar Wall - West Electric Humidifyer Electric Back-Up Coil Exhaust Geothermal Closed-Loop Air Return Heat Pipe Heat Recovery HEX Solar Wall - East
10 Solar Wall East Side
11 Preliminary Results Daily Average Power Demands Daily Avrg. Power Demand GS System April March 2004 Building Day Power, kw
12 Winter: System Operating Profile Winter: System Operating Profile Pumping Station Operating Profile Night Day 0:00 13:20 2:40 15:58 5:18 18:38 7:58 21:18 10:38 23:56 13:18 2:38 15:56 Time January 12-18, 2004 Week-End Power, kw
13 Example: Thermo-fluid Temperatures Thermo-fluid Week-End Night Day Tem perature, C 0:00 13:20 2:40 15:58 5:18 18:38 7:58 21:18 10:38 23:56 13:18 2:38 15:56 Time Leaving Ground Entering Ground January 12-18, 2004
14 Example: Thermo-fluid vs. Outdoor Temp Thermo-fluid: Inlet/Outlet Ground Outdoor Air Tem perature, C 0:00 13:20 2:40 15:58 5:18 18:38 7:58 21:18 10:38 23:56 13:18 2:38 15:56 Time January 12-18, 2004
15 Winter: Fresh Air SOLAR WALL (East Side) Fresh Air - SOLAR WALL System OFF (Night) Outlet Week-End 0:00 10:46 21:32 8:18 19:02 5:48 16:34 3:20 14:06 0:52 11:38 22:22 9:10 Inlet 19:56 6:42 17:26 Time January 12-18, 2004 Temperature, C
16 Winter: Fresh Air HEAT RECOVERY HEX Fresh Air - HEAT RECOVERY HEX January 12-18, 2004 System OFF (Night) Outlet Week-End 21:32 8:18 19:02 5:48 16:34 3:20 14:06 0:52 11:38 22:22 9:10 Inlet 19:56 6:42 17:26 Time 0:00 10:46 Temperature, C
17 Winter: Fresh Air Heat Recovery HEAT PUMP Temp :00 10:38 21:16 7:54 18:30 5:08 15:46 2:24 13:02 23:40 10:18 20:54 7:34 18:12 4:50 15:26 0 Inlet Fresh Air - HEAT PUMP Temperature, C Time January 12-18, 2004 Outlet (Fresh Air Supply) System OFF (Night) Week-End
18 Example: Very Hot Summer Week Example: Very Hot Summer Week 0:00 7:56 15:52 23:50 7:48 15:44 23:40 7: SUMMER: Themo-Fluid Temperatures Entering Ground Pump OFF 15:32 23:28 7:24 15:20 23:16 7:12 15:08 23:04 Tem perature, C Time Leaving Ground August 11-15, 2003
19 Very Hot Summer Week Very Hot Summer Week Pumping Station Profile August 11-15, 2003 Day At 5:30 0:00 7:48 15:36 23:26 7:16 15:04 22:52 6:40 14:28 22:16 6:04 13:52 21:40 5:28 13:16 21:04 Night Time Power, kw
20 Example - Operating Profile Heat Pump TP_10 (Classroom ) 4 3 Operating Profile - Heat Pump TP_10 January 12-16, 2004 Night 2 1 0:00 6:40 13:20 20:00 2:40 9:20 15:58 22:38 5:18 11:58 18:38 1:18 7:58 14:38 21:18 3:58 10:38 17:18 23:56 0 Time Power, kw
21 Example: Coefficient of Performance Heat Pump TP_10 (Classroom ) 5 Heat Pump TP_10 January 12-16, ,5 4 COP 3,5 0:00 7:42 15:24 23:06 6:48 14:28 22:10 5:52 13:34 21:16 4:58 12:40 20:22 4:04 11:46 19:26 3 Time
22 Example: Annual Operating Times (hours) Example: Annual Operating Time (Hours) TP_ hrs. TP_ hrs. TP_ hrs. PUMP Loop hrs. Back-Up Coil hrs.
23 Example: Annual Operating Times (%) Example: Annual Operating Times (%) Example: Annual Operating Time (%) TP_ % PUMP Closed- Loop % TP_ % TP_ % (NOTE: vs. Annual Acquisition Time = 8,534 hrs.) Fresh Air Back-Up Coil %
24 Annual Energy Consumption Balance Annual Energy Consumption Balance Others (no measured) 29% TOTAL Lighting 17% Domestic Hot Water 5% TOTAL Building = 0.21 GJ/sq.m./year Back-Up Heating + Exhaust Fans 10% Closed- Loop Circulating PUMP 8% TOTAL HEAT PUMPS 31%
25 Specific Energy Consumption Specific Energy Consumption Average Quebec: O.75 GJ/m 2 /year Average School Board: O.57 GJ/m 2 /year Other Heat Pump Systems: O.45 GJ/m 2 /y School Du Tournant (measured): O.21 GJ/m 2 /year
26 CONCLUSIONS New, Energy-Efficient School Annual Specific Energy Consumption GJ/sq.m./year 72 % Reduction vs. School s Quebec Average 63 % Reduction vs. School Board Average GS System Simple Configuration Ground-Source Heat Exchanger - Well Designed Efficient Central Control by the System Owner 43.4 % Annual Operating Rate (Heating & Cooling) Heat Pump s COP (Heating Mode): Successful Show-Case in a Cold Climate
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