PERD/CCTII Workshop Offshore Beaufort Sea Development

Transcription

1 PERD/CCTII Workshop Offshore Beaufort Sea Development Snow and Ice Properties and Coastal Ice Morphology Of the McKenzie Delta with helicopter-borne Sensors Simon Prinsenberg and Ingrid Peterson BIO Scott Holladay, Geosensors Louis Lalumiere, Sensors by-design BO105 helicopter since 1999 BELL 206L helicopter 2007

2 Sensors Electromagnetic Laser Real-time display for ice thickness, surface roughness Costal ice morphology Video - Laser Real-time display for video mosaics (leads, ridges and marine animals) Ground Penetrating Radar No real-time display yet for snow depths, freshwater ice thickness and plume layers

3 EM sled

4 Video/Laser Sensor: Ice concentration and roughness Ridge/lead distributions 100m x 200 pixels per frame - width of image equals height of camera - pixel size at 100m: 40cm x 40cm - at 100mph at 100m = sample at 1frame per second

5 Electromagnetic Laser data Measures Sum of Snow, Ice and Freshwater layer flaw lead

6 EM-Laser measures combined thickness of snow + ice + freshwater plume layer Mean level ice thickness Laser height Runoff plume layer EM depth

7 GPR test (Prince Edward Island Feb 2007) for snow and freshwater ice thickness test Science mode not real-time display mode Feb 7 D F506 Tracadie Bay S-N Battery power Background is consistant Noggin 1000 OEM system Ice Thickness Seen continued Ice Thickness seen x 10 6 Feb 7 GPR Tracadie Bay Heli Power Northing (m) Dunes Sea water Easting (m) x 10 5

8 April 2008 and 2009 surveys Outcome: Ice/snow /morphology forecast tool for operators, science and regulations -Delta Land-fast ice -Snow depth - Ice thickness Stamukhi Rough ice Smooth ice - plume layer thickness Offshore pack ice - Ice thickness and snow depths - FY and MY ice - snow depths Morphology (less than 5m depth) High-salinity water beneath ice Low-salinity water beneath ice/freshwater Deep-frozen sediments - Ice frozen to/into mud - Ice laying on mud - bottom depth (no seawater) - Snow depths - Lake ice thickness Sediments beneath ice/freshwater Shallow-frozen sediments

9 Publication + conferences for dissemination Scale-up data to SAR Imagery for ice signature Future Project F16 Shore and shallow water morphology by helicopter-borne Electromagnetic and Ground Penetrating Radar sensors BO105 and Bell 2006L helicopter systems EM/Laser GPR Video/laser

10 McKenzie Delta Ice, snow and coastal ice morphology data for: - Narrow ice thickness statistics for offshore designs and operation Codes - Validation ice signature seen in SAR satellite imagery (other areas and times) - Studying ocean-ice-atmospheric processes and marine habitats (pack ice evolution) - Validation data set for ocean-ice and coastal morphology forecast models BELL 206L helicopter April 2008 IPY-CFL project April 2009 PERD BIO-GSC-NRC

11 Past work done from the CCGS Amunsden in winter 2004 and planned for winter 2008 (IPY) lead 100m Video mosaic ridges Mean level ice thickness Runoff Runoff plume layer River runoff Landfast Ice Stamukhi Flaw Lead old new 5 10 Inner Shelf Winter Middle Shelf Convection Outer Shelf Multi-Year First-Year Pack Pack First-Year Pack Ventilation 33 Slope 34 Line ice thickness and ice roughness data north out of Tuk Overlain on SAR Imagery

12 Past work done from the CCGS Amunsden in winter 2004 and planned for winter 2008 (IPY) lead 100m Video mosaic ridges Mean level ice thickness Runoff Runoff plume layer River runoff Landfast Ice Stamukhi Flaw Lead old new 5 10 Inner Shelf Winter Middle Shelf Convection Outer Shelf Multi-Year First-Year Pack Pack First-Year Pack Ventilation 33 Slope 34 Line ice thickness and ice roughness data north out of Tuk Overlain on SAR Imagery

13 April 2008 and 2009 surveys Outcome: Ice/snow /morphology forecast tool for operators, science and regulations -Delta Land-fast ice -Snow depth - Ice thickness Stamukhi Rough ice Smooth ice - plume layer thickness Offshore pack ice - Ice thickness and snow depths - FY and MY ice - snow depths Morphology (less than 5m depth) High-salinity water beneath ice Low-salinity water beneath ice/freshwater Deep-frozen sediments - Ice frozen to/into mud - Ice laying on mud - bottom depth (no seawater) - Snow depths - Lake ice thickness Sediments beneath ice/freshwater Shallow-frozen sediments

14 April 2008 and 2009 surveys Outcome: Ice/snow /morphology forecast tool for operators, science and regulations -Delta Land-fast ice -Snow depth - Ice thickness Stamukhi Rough ice Smooth ice - plume layer thickness Offshore pack ice - Ice thickness and snow depths - FY and MY ice - snow depths Morphology (less than 5m depth) High-salinity water beneath ice Low-salinity water beneath ice/freshwater Deep-frozen sediments - Ice frozen to/into mud - Ice laying on mud - bottom depth (no seawater) - Snow depths - Lake ice thickness Sediments beneath ice/freshwater Shallow-frozen sediments

15 Shear ridge off Franklin Bay

16 Evolution of Land-fast ice, ridges and salinity field

17 Ice thickness data of 23km line section from mobile pack ice (May 6, 2004) east of Cape Parry Thickness histogram of line section data shows three distinct ice types (all thinner than the land-fast) Green line = location of data line section

18 VV/VH ENVISAT Image 80km x 60km of 26April with EM ice thickness and Laser roughness data from May 11 Ice roughness plotted in black and ice thickness plotted relative to thin red base line which is the flight path location

19 Flights N-S into Tuktoyaktuk ENVISAT image 50kmx80km of May 12, 2004 Overlain with ice thickness lines of 11 May

20 EM-Laser measures the combined thickness of snow + ice + freshwater Mean level plume layer ice thickness Runoff plume layer Data section

21 Mobile pack ice Video mosaics (~100m wide) from offshore mobile pack ice showing thin young ice in newly formed leads

22 Video mosaics (~100m wide) from the land-fast ice Older shear ridge within present land-fast ice area Shear ridge with thin offshore ice toe

23 Mackenzie delta Flights N-S into Tuktoyaktuk Lead ridges ENVISAT image 50kmx50km of May 12, 2004 Overlain with ice thickness lines of 26 April to 11 May runoff

24 Video mosaics (~100m wide) from land-fast ice made from low salinity delta plume water Old shear ridge holding back freshwater plume Old flat freshwater ice

25 Devon Oil lines 1. Ice and roughness line plots overlain on ENVISAT Image for Devon Oil tracks. Devon Oil s Paktoa site 2. Ice and roughness statistics of area of interest (road and pipe line routes) 3. Knowledge and data to scale-up information image frames for other area and other years

26 2m thick level ice ~1m runoff layer Line data section

27 VV/VH ENVISAT Image 80km x 60km of 15May with EM ice thickness from April 26 and May 11

28 EM-Laser measures the combined thickness of snow + ice + freshwater Mean level plume layer ice thickness Runoff plume layer Data section