Zero Waste, separate collection and the management of Biowaste

Transcription

1 Zero Waste, separate collection and the management of Biowaste From the global vision to local practice Enzo Favoino Scuola Agraria del Parco di Monza Chair, Scientific Committee, ZeroWasteEurope

2 Why a material recycling society? Environmental benefits Local economic benefits Occupational implications (green jobs) Supply of raw materials

3 Scuola Agraria del Parco di Monza Resource management

4 The historical perspective a clear direction Bellusco (1993): first curbside scheme with separation of organics 65% Carnate (1995): transparent bag to collect residuals 70-75% Torre Boldone (1997): PAYT 80% ZW Municipalities: continued re-design of the system - hitting the high 80 s, 90% in some cases

5 Scuola Agraria del Parco di Monza Zero waste is more the journey, than the destination

6 Tiny tweets, big steps forward

7 Scuola Agraria del Parco di Monza The Resource scarcity crisis

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9 Scuola Agraria del Parco di Monza The EU Circular Economy package Material recovery target: 70% (for packaging waste: 80%) Target on food waste prevention: 30% Mandatory separate collection of organics

10 Scuola Agraria del Parco di Monza ( ) We are also proposing to withdraw the existing proposal on the circular economy, to make way for a broader and more ambitious approach that can be more effective. We want to look beyond the narrow focus on waste and to 'close the loop' of the circular economy, for example by addressing recycling in product design and creating a market for secondary raw material.

11 Scuola Agraria del Parco di Monza The principles of Zero Waste: the 4 R s Reduce Reuse Recycle Re-design

12 Scuola Agraria del Parco di Monza A basic ZW workprogramme Kerbside collection include the organics! Waste prevention practices in the remit of Community Responsibility Pay-as-you-throw Check composition of residual waste Feed back to producers in order to address non-reusablle/recyclable materials

13 Scuola Agraria del Parco di Monza What Communities may do right away for reducing their waste Home composting Sustainable event management (e.g. no throwaway tableware as dishes/cutlery) Water from the tap Cloth (washable) nappies

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15 Scuola Agraria del Parco di Monza The importance of Feeding back paving the road to minimisation of Residual Waste

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18 Scuola Agraria del Parco di Monza What does it take to get there? intensive kerbside incl. food waste + PAYT intensive kerbside, incl. food waste separation Road containers + kerbside (doorstep) for a few dry recyclables (paper) additional systems, organics included trhough containers on the road additional systems, containers on the road for dry recyclables > 80 % 70 % 50 % 40 % 20 %

19 Scuola Agraria del Parco di Monza The key role of organics QUANTITATIVE: fundamental to achieve highest material recovery rates OPERATIONAL: minimising organics in residual waste makes it possible to shrink collection rounds cost-optimisation further driving effect for increased separation of dry recyclables, too) QUALITATIVE: reducing organics in residual waste makes it less dirty, remarkably more workable /recyclable

20 Is all Biowaste equal? Foodwaste Yard and Gardenwaste 25-45% of MSW Bulk density: 0,6-0,8 kg/liter High moisture 2-4kg/m 2 /yr. Bulk density: 0,15 0,35 kg/l Medium to low moisture Sesonality (wheather, rain).

21 Quantity (kg) The issue of seasonality Monthly Collection Trends - Green and Kitchen Biowaste Green and wood waste Kitchen biowaste Monthly quanties collected (aggregate PD1 Month

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24 Buckets Volume: 20 to 30 liters volumes in line with foodwaste production Prevents mixed collection of food and gardenwaste and other MSW Easy to check (small amounts) To be hand-picked saves time/money.

25 Intensive collection of foodwaste at high-rises.

26 Towards city centres Separate collection of biowaste made mandatory since 2015 in Germany getting into city centres Ljubljana covering 100% of the population Salerno (pop ) S Italy, started 2008, 70% sep. Collection

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28 . Milan pop. 1,4 M

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31 Results: Diversion of foodwaste from MSW: Foodwaste: 90 kg/inhab/yr tpy Purity of foodwaste from sep. collection: average non-compostable content 2,7% (worst case 5%) Support 90% at last customer satisfaction analyses (ISPO, 2014).

32 Cost optimisation (Lombardy, pop. 10M, 1547 Municipalities) Euro/person Cost of collection (green bars) and cost of treatment/disposal (blue bars) Treatment + disposal collection

33 TOOLS AND STRATEGIES TO CUT COSTS Tool Details Applies where.. Reducing pickup time Hand pick-up of small receptacles much faster than mechanical loading food waste collected separately from garden waste, in small receptacles Reduction of the frequency for collection of Residuals Effective systems to collect biowaste make its percentage in Residuals less than 15 % captures of biowaste are increased Use of bulk lorries instead of packer trucks Bulk density of food waste is much higher (0.7kg/dm3) than garden waste tools for collection of food waste prevent deliveries of garden waste

34 Food scraps in residual waste Municipality % Food waste Altivole 7,82 Arcade 8,24 Breda di Piave 7,61 Casale sul Sile 9,42 Castello di Godego 8,05 Cessalto 6,30 Conegliano 9,40 Cornuda 7,19 Giavera del Montello 6,88

35 Separate collection rates (on aggregate) in the Contarina District (2 sub-districts: Priula and Treviso 3 50 Municipalities, pop ) FONTE Source: Contarina 2013, Ispra 2011, Region Veneto 2012 dati Contarina 2013, Rapporto Rifiuti ISPRA 2013, dati preliminari 2012; Relazione Rifiuti Urbani ARPAV dati 2013

36 Specific residual waste production (kg/person.year) Source: Contarina 2013, Ispra 2011, Region Veneto 2012

37 Green jobs and cossts after rolling out kerbside collection in Treviso (pop , 86% separate collection) Staff Total costs (management + disposal) %

38 Scuola Agraria del Parco di Monza Thanks for your attention Enzo Favoino Scuola Agraria del Parco di Monza