Rifiuti tra crescita e decrescita

Transcription

1 Rifiuti tra crescita e decrescita Giacomo D Alisa Università di Roma, Sapienza Università Autonoma di Barcellona

2 Rifiuti tra crescita e decrescita L insostenibilità della crescita Il metabolismo dei rifiuti in Campania

3 L insostenibilità della crescita COM(2014) 398 Towards a circular economy: A zero waste programme for Europe a development strategy that entails economic growth without increasing consumption of resources

4 44% 64% - 66% 6% 6%

5 20% 44% 66% 9% 13%

6 L insostenibilità della crescita Currently, only 6% (13% in EU) of all materials processed are recycled If all biomass is considered a circular flow the degree of circularity increases to 37% (38% in EU) Reversal of the trend of global growth in resource consumption into a dynamic of reduction, remains the greatest challenge of all. Haas et al. (2015) How Circular is the Global Economy?

7 L insostenibilità della crescita 66% of the processed material is discarded = 41Gt Every year the world economy discard a quantity of materials that it will be possible to build 350,000 skyscrapers such as the Burj in Dubai, every year

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9 Hazardous waste generation Italy 74

10 Total waste Generation Basura Total Italia 2005 Total waste Italy Waste Basura in Italy Total legally I talia and illegally 2005 treated legalmente y ilegalmente tractada 22% 64% 78% 22% 14% Basura Urban Urbana waste Urban Basura Basura Urbana Special especial Waste Special disappeared Basura especial desaparecida Basura Special especial treated legalmente tractada legally ISPRA ton = 5 billion

11 Campania: Urban Waste Conventional indicators tons/ year Total amount of waste Fig. 3 - Total amount of waste Regions LOMBARDIA LAZIO EMILIA CAMPANIA SICILIA TOSCANA VENETO PIEMONTE PUGLIA ITALIA LIGURIA CALABRIA MARCHE SARDEGNA ABRUZZO FRIULI UMBRIA TRENTINO BASILICATA MOLISE VALLE D'AOSTA (tons/ year)/ capita Assumption: Waste generation figures alone do not explain the problem of waste mismanagement in Campania. 0,750 0,700 0,650 0,600 0,550 0,500 0,450 Waste generated per capita 0,694 0,540 TOSCANA EMILIA UMBRIA LIGURIA LAZIO AOSTA MARCHE ITALIA SICILIA PUGLIA ABRUZZO SARDEGNA PIEMONTE LOMBARDIA FRIULI 0,400 0,414 CAMPANIA VENETO 0,350 TRENTINO CALABRIA 0, MOLISE BASILICATA Data source: ISPRA Fig. 4 - Waste generated per capita Regions

12 Campania: Urban Waste Conventional indicators % Recovered Waste Separate collection Data source: ISPRA 53, Fig. 5 - Recovered Waste - Regions 2007 VENETO PIEMONTE LOMBARDIA FRIULI EMILIA AOSTA TOSCANA SARDEGNA ITALIA UMBRIA MARCHE LIGURIA ABRUZZO CAMPANIA LAZIO CALABRIA PUGLIA BASILICATA SICILIA MOLISE tons/ year Assumption: Waste generation figures alone do not explain the problem of waste mismanagement in Campania. 3,500,000 3,000,000 2,500,000 2,000,000 1,500,000 1,000, ,000 0 Waste disposed Unrecovered Waste 2,899,650 1,937, , Fig. 6 - Unrecovered Waste - Regions 2007 LAZIO SICILIA LOMBARDIA CAMPANIA PUGLIA EMILIA TOSCANA PIEMONTE VENETO CALABRIA LIGURIA MARCHE SARDEGNA ABRUZZO UMBRIA FRIULI BASILICATA TRENTINO MOLISE VALLE D'AOSTA

13 Campania: Urban Waste Grammar for waste metabolism Fund variables: Total Human Activity (THA) = Population * 24 hours * 365 days. Land: it is the extension of the area of the system under analysis (in km2)

14 Flow variables: Campania: Urban Waste Grammar for waste metabolism Waste Production (WP): it is the total amount of waste generated by the system. WP = Waste Separate Collection (WSC)+Waste Disposed (WD)

15 Campania: Urban Waste Grammar for waste metabolism Bridge the gap of conventional indicators, within the rational of MuSIASEM we propose to use two new indicators, (1) Waste Production Metabolic Rate (WPMR), which indicates the pace of waste production per hour of human activity;

16 Campania: Urban Waste Grammar for waste metabolism (2) Density of Waste Production (DWP), amount of waste generated per day in a given area. 2i) as the ratio flow/fund: DWPi = WPi/COLi, or 2ii) as a product: DWPi = WPMRi x DHAi. (2.1) Density of Waste Disposed (DWD) the amount of waste disposed, in a landfill, or trough the incineration process, per day in a given area.

17 Campania: Urban Waste DWD: the regional ranking changes remarkably, showing a different picture of Italian waste system compared to the conventional indicators Campania has the highest DWD, 491,80 (kg/d/)/km 2, almost three times higher than the national average 183,16 (kg/d)/km 2.

18 Regional level n DP UW (kg/d)/km 2 Campania: Urban Waste

19 Campania: Urban Waste The chart complements the representation in the regional map. It has two functions: first it shows six different dimensions for each region reinforcing the idea of complementarity among them, second it highlights in a single view the most problematic indicators for each region represented.

20 Provincial level n-1 DWD (kg/d)/km 2 Campania: Urban Waste

21 Campania: Urban Waste Municipality level n-2 DWD (kg/d)/km 2

22 Campania: Urban Waste Evolution of the DWD Campania s provinces Reduction policies are needed! kg/day/km Year Naples Avellino Benevento Caserta Salerno

23 Campania: Urban Waste CEI Costo evitato di impianto, esercizio, manutenzione e spese generali connesse CEC Costo evitato di combustibile INC componente incentivante TOTALE Importo Cip 6/92 riconosciuto Mln Euro Mln Euro Mln Euro Mln Euro

24 Campania: Urban Waste Priority: Material recovery

25 Thank you