conductivity emulsification saponification wetting peptizing dispersion rinsability controlling mineral deposits Sequestration chelation
|
|
- Carol Hood
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 ENVH 441 FOOD PROTECTION DETERGENTS AND SANITIZERS Cleaning and sanitizing must both occur for dishware to be safe. These are accomplished by use of a (1) detergent to clean utensil surfaces (remove the soil) and allow the (2) sanitizer to reduce microorganism numbers to below the point of health significance. Soil is unwanted material on an object, e.g., food residues on a plate, lipstick on a coffee cup, or a film of water hardness minerals on a glass (a combination of carbohydrates [sugars], proteins, fats and oils. General soils encountered in food service operations are countered by cleaning agents detergents which have been developed for food service use--that will be most effective in their removal. Detergents are also important for conditioning water so that water hardness chemicals are not left as a soil on tableware and kitchenware being cleaned. Soils in a food service establishment are usually a combination of: Water Alkali/Acid Soluble Soluble A. Carbohydrates (sugars) Yes Alkali (starches) B. Proteins No Alkali C. Fats and oils No Alkali (saponification) D. Minerals Slight Acid Water is the major solvent in cleaning kitchenware. DETERGENTS Cleaning agents (detergents) are a combination of chemicals designed to remove a specific soil or blend of soils taking into consideration: A. The surface being cleaned and its susceptibility to damage by the cleaning agent. B. The method of applying the cleaning agent: by hand or machine. The major chemical groups used in detergents are: A. alkalis (usually caustic in nature) B. complex phosphates C. organic compounds D. mineral acids 1
2 Detergents blended for machine washing operations generally contain highly caustic alkalis (caustic soda [NAOH] or soda ash (Ca[OH] 2 ) and phosphates (trisodium phosphate or sodium tripolyphosphate). They may contain 1% or 2% organic compounds, commonly a combination of a non-foaming wetting agent and a chelating agent with ph between 13 and 14. The detergent concentration in a wash solution is normally 0.25% to 0.30% ( ppm). Most dishwashing machines have automated detergent dispensers activated by a monitor continuously measuring wash water conductivity. Detergent is automatically added as needed to maintain the desired conductivity which directly corresponds to the detergent concentration present. Low causticity complex phosphates plus a wetting agent are the major chemicals in a detergent formulated for a hand washing operation. Other chemicals may be used to give the detergent color, viscosity and a pleasant odor. Detergents used in hand washing operations are usually a liquid formulation containing >50% water with ph <10. This blend of chemicals is much more expensive than the caustic alkalis and phosphates in detergents used in machine washing. When formulating a detergent, after considering the characteristics of the types of soils that will be encountered, chemicals are selected because of their specific cleaning properties. Cleaning actions include: emulsification and saponification to control fats and oils (wetting agents and alkalis); wetting to enhance penetration of water and other chemicals between the soil and the surface being cleaned and between soil particles; and peptizing and dispersion to reduce the size of soil particles or clumps of protein and carbohydrate soils (phosphates) so they will be suspended in the cleaning solution. Chemicals are also selected for their rinsability so they do not leave a chemical film on the surface being cleaned and rinsed with clean water. Preparing the water so that water hardness chemicals don't interfere with the cleaning operation is an important part of the cleaning operation. Thus, controlling mineral deposits from water hardness chemicals e.g. calcium salts, is also an important cleaning action. Sequestration or chelation is the preferred method for controlling or removing water hardness chemicals, and is the combining of the hardness ions so they cannot precipitate and leave a film on the materials being cleaned. Other properties considered in selecting chemicals used in a detergent are suds formation (or reduction), irritation to skin and corrosion of metals. The "Common Detergent Ingredients" table shows a few of the specific chemicals used in detergents and their relative cleaning properties. See page 7 of this handout. Wetting agents have had the greatest impact in detergent formulation. They have been the "miracle" chemicals in cleaning just as antibiotics were to controlling bacterial infections or DDT and subsequent insecticides to insect control. There are three major groups of wetting agents: anionic, cationic, and non-ionic. Anionic wetting agents are the cheapest, most heavily used and characterized as generally having high sudsforming properties. Cationic wetting agents have disinfecting and wetting properties 2
3 and are primarily used for disinfecting properties. Non-ionic wetting agents and amphoteric wetting agents are low- or non-sudsing and more expensive than anionic compounds. Wetting agents and chelating agents are the most expensive chemicals used in detergents, while complex phosphates are cheaper, and the basic alkalis are cheapest. The most common anionic wetting agents are the linear alkyl sulfonates (LAS) (anion) R-CH 2 -SO 3 - (lipophilic) Na + (cation) (hydrophilic) Quaternary ammonium compounds (quats) are a common group of cationic wetting agents and disinfectants R R + \ / N -- Cl - / \ R R Buying the proper detergent can be a problem. Detergent formulators and distributors market products most suitable for the geographical area after considering water hardness properties and the types of soils most commonly encountered in food service operations. The best test for selecting a detergent is to use a specific product for a period of time, e.g., a month or more, to see if it is achieving the required cleaning. Large organizations may do laboratory tests on the products they buy: testing for wetting, chelation, ph, and free alkali, causticity or acid. The bottom line is the visual test: does it look clean and feel clean? 1. The salt test is simple: wet a clean glass and then sprinkle it with table salt. The salt should stick to the film of water covering the glass surface. If there are drops of water on the glass to which the salt sticks, it suggests there is a grease film on the other glass surface areas; thus it is not clean. 2. The beer glass test (very popular with college students) is done by filling a glass with beer and seeing whether bubbles rise to the surface. A clean glass will show only the clear liquid within the glass, while a dirty glass will produce steady bubble streams arising from the soils adhering to the unclean glass sides. 3
4 SANITIZERS A. Definitions 1. Sanitizing--reducing the bacterial load to a level sufficiently low so no threat to health exists 2. Disinfecting--destroying all pathogens but not necessarily all microorganisms 3. Commercially sterile: destruction of all pathogens and sufficient spoilage microorganisms so that no microbial growth inside a container occurs 4. Sterilizing--destroying all viable microorganisms To sanitize or disinfect you must start with a clean (soil free) surface. B. To sanitize: 1. HEAT a. hot water--immersion 1. minimum temperature = 170 o F 2. minimum exposure time = 30 seconds b. hot water spray This method is preceded by a minimum 150 o F wash temperature 1. minimum spray temperature = 180 o F 2. minimum exposure time = 10 seconds c. Flowing steam--in enclosed chamber 1. achieve temperatures >170 o F for 15 minutes or >200 o F for 5 minutes d. Steam jet 1. exposure for > one minute e. Hot air 1. achieve temperature > 180 o F for 20 minutes 2. CHEMICAL 1. Free chlorine NaOCl sodium hypochlorite liquid Ca(OCl) 2 calcium hypochlorite powder a. Properties 1. Use concentration: ppm for 1 minute 2. Stability: poor, dissociates and breaks down upon exposure to light and organic compounds 3. Odor of chlorine or bleach 4
5 Free chlorine (continued) b. Field test 1. Starch-Iodide I - + Cl 2 I 2 + Cl - ; I 2 + starch = purple (colorless) Iodide and starch are colorless when mixed together, but in the presence of free chlorine, the iodide is converted to iodine and reacts with the starch to give a deep purple color. 2. Combined or Organic Chlorine a. Products 1) Dichloroisocyanurate 2) Dichlorotrimethyl hydantoin 3) Chloramine T b. Properties of combined or organic chlorine compounds 1) Use concentration: ppm for 1 minute 2) More stable than free chlorine but slower acting 3) Lacks the "chlorine" odor 3. Quaternary Ammonium Compounds "Quats" a. Products 1) There are a vast number of "quats" because the H + on the ammonium compound may be replaced by a number of organic radicals. Therefore: there is no single test for product concentration or an ideal ph or temperature for maximum efficiency. The FDA has identified a long list of effective products allowed for food service use. b. Properties 1) Use concentration: ppm for 1 minute 2) Stable 3) No odor 4) A film will gradually accumulate on glasses 5) May be selective for Gram+ organisms and therefore less effective on Gram organisms. 6) Not compatible with anionic compounds but unreactive with organic compounds 5
6 4. Iodophors a. Products 1) Iodine bound with organic wetting agents There are several different formulations of "tamed iodine." b. Properties 1) Use concentration: ppm for 1 minute 2) Reddish-rust color in the water at use concentrations 3) Volatile; stains walls above sinks if hot water used 3) Most effective at ~4.5 ph 4) Non-selective 5) Iodophor test kit available 5. Other chemicals There are a variety of "other" chemicals that have sanitizing or disinfecting properties but most are not acceptable for use on food contact surfaces, tableware, etc., e.g., chlorinated phenols. C. PHYSICAL 1. Ultraviolet light a. Used in an enclosed cabinet providing a 2-minute exposure of glasses to the radiation. b. Uncommon; most frequently in bars and taverns. D. DETERGENT-SANITIZERS 1. Non-ionic based detergent plus chlorine (powder form) A synergistic affect is achieved enhancing removal of protein soils and sanitizing too. Used in many food processing plants, e.g., fish processing plant clean-up. 2. Quats may also be formulated and used as described for iodophors. 3. Iodophors, when used at increased concentrations, will function as a cleaning agent and sanitizer simultaneously. A final sanitizing rinse is still required. 24 Detergents-Sanitizers Comprehensive HO 12/11/07 6
CLEANING AND SANITIZING
CLEANING AND SANITIZING Cleaning and Sanitizing I. CLEANING 2 TYPES OF CLEANING COMPOUNDS 2 PROPERTIES OF A CLEANER 2 FACTORS THAT AFFECT CLEANING EFFICIENCY 2 CLEANING OPERATION 3 II. SANITIZING 4 HEAT
More informationCLEANING AND SANITIZING
CLEANING AND SANITIZING Cleaning and sanitizing procedures must be part of the standard operating procedures that make up your food safety program. Improperly cleaned and sanitized surfaces allow harmful
More informationEffective Cleaning and Sanitizing Procedures
JIFSAN Good Aquacultural Practices Program Effective Cleaning and Sanitizing Procedures By Alan Parker JIFSAN Good Aquacultural Practices Manual Section 9 Effective Cleaning and Sanitizing Procedures Why
More informationFood Protection Services
Food Protection Services dairy processing plants Guidelines For the Cleaning of Dairy Plant Processing Equipment TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I...1 INTRODUCTION... 2 PART II GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF CLEANING AND
More informationSanitizers for Food Plants
s for Food Plants The selection of a sanitizer depends on the type of equipment to be sanitized, the hardness of the water, the application equipment available, the effectiveness of the sanitizer under
More informationDETERGENTS. Application Recommendations. Application/ Concerns. Recommended Detergent. Articles Cleaned/ Soil Removed. Cleaning Method.
Application/ Concerns Application Recommendations Articles Cleaned/ Soil Removed Glass, metal, plastic labware, ceramics, tissue culture, porcelain, clean rooms, animal cages, bioreactors, tubing, benches,
More informationBeverage Industry Sanitation Program
Beverage Industry Sanitation Program Proper sanitation in food processing facilities is critical to ensure the production of wholesome, quality products for your customers and a safe environment for your
More informationRBS detergents for laboratories
RBS detergents for laboratories High performance solutions For reliable and reproducible results Competence & experience RBS products are mainly intended for water-based cleaning processes of glassware
More informationChapter 7 Equipment and Utensil Cleaning and Sanitization
Chapter 7 Equipment and Utensil Cleaning and Sanitization The importance of proper cleaning can be appreciated when one realizes that contaminated equipment (equipment and utensils which are not clean)
More informationACO Cleaning principles for drainage
Cleaning procedures ACO Cleaning principles for drainage Page Introduction 3 Principles of cleaning 4 Cleaning procedures ACO cleaning principles for drainage Cleaning chemicals 5 Manual cleaning of drainage
More informationSOUTH CAROLINA. Downloaded January 2011
SOUTH CAROLINA Downloaded January 2011 1401. General (II) B. When meals are catered to a facility, such meals shall be obtained from a meal service establishment graded by the Department, pursuant to R.61
More informationPolymers for Better Living. BIO World Congress on Industrial Biotechnology June 17, 2013
Polymers for Better Living BIO World Congress on Industrial Biotechnology June 17, 2013 Polymers for Better Living Itaconix Corporation is the world leader in polymers from itaconic acid We produce polymers
More informationSoap, Detergent, and Water quality. Ihuoma Lucy
Soap, Detergent, and Water quality By Ihuoma Lucy Overview Introduction Soap Detergents Water quality Difference between soap and detergent Eutrification and Biodegradation Conclusion History Ancient peoples
More informationOxivir Tb and Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide (AHP) Frequently Asked Questions
Oxivir Tb and Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide (AHP) Frequently Asked Questions What is Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide (AHP)? AHP is a patented synergistic blend of commonly used, safe ingredients that when
More informationSubsection 4.1.6 Cleaning And Sanitizing for Licensed Group Child Care Homes, Licensed Child Care Centers and License-Exempt Child Care Facilities
Page 1 of 6 CLEANING AND SANITIZING All items requiring sanitizing shall be washed, rinsed and sanitized with approved agents, methods and concentrations. [19 CSR 30-60.090 (1) (B), (5) (A), 19 CSR 30-62.082
More informationCleaning. By the end of this chapter, you will be able to: Introduction. Definitions. Chapter 9
Chapter 9 By the end of this chapter, you will be able to: l Define the terms cleaning, decontamination, disinfection l List the factors that affect disinfection l Describe the aims of a cleaning schedule
More informationLiquid. Detergents. Liquid. Cleaners. Liquid. Powder. Liquid. Enzymatic. Detergents & Cleaners. Neutral. Acidic. Ultrasonics. Acidic.
Ready-to-use Detergents Acidic Ready-to-use Cleaners Concentrated Ready-to-use Detergents Cleaners Ultrasonics Alkaline Concentrated Manual Concentrated Neutral Comprehensive Product Information Powder
More informationUse of Noverite Polyacrylates In Soap, Detergent and Cleaning Products
TECHNICAL DATA SHEET TDS-123 Use of Noverite Polyacrylates In Soap, Detergent and Cleaning Products INTRODUCTION A complete detergent product removes soil, controls water hardness and prevents soil and
More informationDow Consumer & Industrial Solutions TRITON CG-425 Alkyl Polyglucoside Surfactant
Dow Consumer & Industrial Solutions TRITON CG-425 Alkyl Polyglucoside Surfactant TRITON CG-425 offers good wetting and detergency properties, exhibits low streaking and filming, and produces stable foam.
More informationSYMPLICITY ALL PRODUCTS
LAUNDRY/WAREWASH Clean Safe Simple SYMPLICITY ALL PRODUCTS C A T A L O G LAUNDRY - DETERGENTS/BREAKS BREAK 100 Alkaline Builder 47078-00 / 47077-00 47055-00 Liquid concentrated economical, saves money.
More informationMILKING SYSTEM CLEANING AND SANITIZING: TROUBLESHOOTING MILK BACTERIA COUNTS. Alan Monken and Winston Ingalls West Agro, Inc. Kansas City, Missouri
MILKING SYSTEM CLEANING AND SANITIZING: TROUBLESHOOTING MILK BACTERIA COUNTS Alan Monken and Winston Ingalls West Agro, Inc. Kansas City, Missouri The United States Public Health Service (USPHS) regulates
More informationUse of Chlorine in the Food Industry
Use of Chlorine in the Food Industry Chlorine compounds are widely used in the food industry to kill bacteria and disinfect. Examples include treating pasteurizer cooling water, washing fruit and vegetables
More informationACIDS, BASES AND SALTS
Acids are those chemical substances which have a sour taste. Bases are those chemical substances which have a bitter taste. A salt is an ionic compound which dissociates to yield a positive ion other than
More informationThe chemical components of detergents and their roles in the washing process
The chemical components of detergents and their roles in the washing process Laundry detergents are formulated from six groups of substances :. surfactants. builders. bleachingagents. enzymes. fillers.
More informationNon-polar hydrocarbon chain
THE SCIENCE OF SOAPS AND DETERGENTS 2000 by David A. Katz. All rights reserved Reproduction permitted for educational purposes as long as the original copyright is included. INTRODUCTION A soap is a salt
More informationCLEAN UP FOR VOMITING & DIARRHEAL EVENT IN RETAIL FOOD FACILITIES
CLEAN UP FOR VOMITING & DIARRHEAL EVENT IN RETAIL FOOD FACILITIES GENERAL INFORMATION Noroviruses are a group of viruses that cause gastroenteritis [gas-trō-en-ter-ī-tis] in people. Gastroenteritis is
More informationGuidelines for the Use of Sanitizers and Disinfectants
Guidelines for the Use of Sanitizers and Disinfectants Changhwa Hwang, Ph.D Biological Safety Specialist chwang5@uic.edu (312) 996-6873 Leo M. Njongmeta, Ph.D.,RBP Senior Biological Safety Specialist nleo@uic.edu
More informationSTERILIZATION AND DISINFECTION
STERILIZATION AND DISINFECTION Importance of hand washing shown by Semmelweis STERILIZATION A physical or chemical process that destroys or eliminates all forms of microbial life, including spores. A satisfactory
More informationACUSOL 805S HASE Rheology Modifier and Stabilizer for High Surfactant Containing Detergent or Cleaner Formulations
ACUSOL 805S HASE Rheology Modifier and Stabilizer for High Surfactant Containing Detergent or Cleaner Formulations Description ACUSOL 805S rheology modifier is a synthetic hydrophobically-modified acrylic
More informationCHOOSING THE PROPER SANITIZER OR DISINFECTANT
CHOOSING THE PROPER SANITIZER OR DISINFECTANT 1. INTRODUCTION CLEANING IS A PREREQUISITE FOR EFFECTIVE SANITIZATION Sanitization begins with an effective cleaning program. Organic deposits from food residues,
More informationSECTION IV-2 THE BASICS OF CLEANING MILKING EQUIPMENT
1 SECTION IV-2 THE BASICS OF CLEANING MILKING EQUIPMENT 2. THE BASICS OF CLEANING MILKING EQUIPMENT In order to provide high quality milk to the market place, a pipeline milking system must clean up perfectly
More informationOptimizing Your On-Premise Laundry Care Program. May 21, 2013 Presented by P&G Professional
Optimizing Your On-Premise Laundry Care Program May 21, 2013 Presented by P&G Professional Table of Contents Cost-Saving Trends The Science of Cleaning Efficient and Effective Practices Sustainable Cleaning
More informationACUSOL 810A Detergent Grade Rheology Modifier and Stabilizer
ACUSOL 810A Detergent Grade Rheology Modifier and Stabilizer Description ACUSOL 810A is an Alkali Soluble acrylic polymer Emulsion (ASE). ACUSOL 810A can be directly incorporated into formulations without
More informationHIGH EFFICIENCY. Washers and Detergents. Working in Harmony to Save Energy and Water. www.cleaninginstitute.org
HIGH EFFICIENCY Washers and Detergents Working in Harmony to Save Energy and Water www.cleaninginstitute.org HE Washers and HE Detergents Working in Harmony to Save Energy and Water About This Guide: Compared
More informationSanitizing the Kitchen
Sanitizing the Kitchen Lesson 11 Overview Sanitizing the Kitchen Time 30 minutes Purpose To explain how to properly clean and sanitize the kitchen Objectives At the conclusion of this lesson, employees
More informationWATER CHEMISTRY AND POOL WATER BALANCE
C R6 H A PT E WATER CHEMISTRY AND POOL WATER BALANCE LEARNING OBJECTIVES After completely studying this chapter, you should be able to: Understand and list the parameters upon which water balance is based.
More informationPREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF A SOAP
(adapted from Blackburn et al., Laboratory Manual to Accompany World of Chemistry, 2 nd ed., (1996) Saunders College Publishing: Fort Worth) Purpose: To prepare a sample of soap and to examine its properties.
More informationA Volumetric Analysis (Redox Titration) of Hypochlorite in Bleach
CHEM 311L Quantitative Analysis Laboratory Revision 2.3 A Volumetric Analysis (Redox Titration) of Hypochlorite in Bleach In this laboratory exercise, we will determine the concentration of the active
More informationThe Owners Coated Coil, Cleaning and Maintenance Service Manual.
The Owners Coated Coil, Cleaning and Maintenance Service Manual. Revision: July, 2011 Section INDEX Pages Forward 1 2 Importance of Proper & Timely Coil Cleaning 3 Coil Cleaner Characteristics 4 Selecting
More informationCleaning and Sanitation
CLEANING AND SANITATION Cleaning and Sanitation GORDON FOOD SERVICE Training Updated February 2011 Purpose Objectives To provide information needed to practice good cleaning and sanitizing methods in the
More informationDecontamination and Waste Management www.biosecurity.sandia.gov
Decontamination and Waste Management www.biosecurity.sandia.gov SAND No. 2006-3684C Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States
More informationCHILDCARE SETTINGS. Childcare Settings
Childcare Settings This document provides guidelines and recommendations for cleaning childcare settings such as nurseries, crèches and schools in the event of a disease outbreak in the vicinity. Cleaning
More informationCARE HOMES AND NURSING HOMES
Care Homes and Nursing Homes: This document provides guidelines and recommendations for cleaning care homes and nursing homes in the event of a disease outbreak in the vicinity. Cleaning and disinfection
More informationKeeping Your Swimming Pool and Spa Healthy Environmental Health Guide
Keeping Your Swimming Pool and Spa Healthy Environmental Health Guide A swimming pool or spa can be an asset to your home, and provide the opportunity to take part in healthy relaxing activities. However,
More informationSAFE HEALTHY CHILDREN A Health and Safety Manual for Childcare Providers
TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 7: Food Storage and Preparation Safe Food: Food Storage and Preparation 7.1 Requirements of the Day Nurseries Act... 7.2 Recommendations of the Medical Officer of Health... 7.2
More informationDetergents. ChemMatters April 1985 Page 4
CLICK HERE FOR MAGAZINE PAGES ChemMatters April 1985 Page 4 Copyright 1985, American Chemical Society Detergents by Clair Wood The next time you are in the supermarket, take a quick tour through the soap
More informationNow Resistant Microorganisms Have No Place to Hide
Zep DRAIN PROGRAM Introducing Zep Biofilm Drain Purge Now Resistant Microorganisms Have No Place to Hide Eliminate the Possibility of Cross-Contamination. Kill resistant microorganisms, such as Listeria,
More informationOrganic Chemistry Lab Experiment 4 Preparation and Properties of Soap
Organic Chemistry Lab Experiment 4 Preparation and Properties of Soap Introduction A soap is the sodium or potassium salt of a long-chain fatty acid. The fatty acid usually contains 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
More informationWater System Disinfection
Water System Disinfection Document Number Revision 1 Approved By Ric Morris All 6/2/04 Active Divisions/Departments FEMC Raytheon Polar Services Company HARD COPY NOT CONTROLLED-CONTROLLED COPY AVAILABLE
More informationFood Surface Sanitizing
Module 14 Overview: Food Surface Sanitizing TRAINER: Read this page ahead of time to prepare for teaching the module. PARTICIPANTS WILL: 1. Understand the importance of food surface CLEANING and SANITIZING.
More informationHydrogen Sulfide in Petroleum. Mike Nicholson/Tim O BrienO Baker Petrolite Corporation
Hydrogen Sulfide in Petroleum Mike Nicholson/Tim O BrienO Baker Petrolite Corporation Hydrogen Sulfide Toxic, Colorless Gas Rotten Egg Odor Detectable at >10 ppb Paralyzes olfactory system LC50 = 713 ppm
More informationWater Softening for Hardness Removal. Hardness in Water. Methods of Removing Hardness 5/1/15. WTRG18 Water Softening and Hardness
Water Softening for Removal 1 in Water High concentration of calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) ions in water cause hardness Generally, water containing more than 100 mg/l of hardness expressed as calcium
More informationACUSOL 820 Rheology Modifier and Stabilizer
ACUSOL 820 Rheology Modifier and Stabilizer Description ACUSOL 820 is a Hydrophobically modified Alkali Soluble acrylic polymer Emulsion (HASE) with unusually high aqueous thickening and stabilising efficiency.
More informationThe machine and bulk milk tank cleaning process
The machine and bulk milk tank cleaning process The cleanliness of the milking system and the dairy is a critical determinant of milk quality. The New Zealand Food Safety Authority has strict guidelines
More informationGOLDEN ENVIRO HERBA- EXTRACT DRAIN CLOG FREE. Pleasant lemon fragrance provides instant freshness Patented microbial technology
GOLDEN ENVIRO HERBA- EXTRACT DRAIN CLOG FREE Application Sheet A clogged drain can stop kitchen operations - whether it is a busy restaurant or a dinner for two at home. Drain Clog Free combines fast-
More informationGuide to Reverse Phase SpinColumns Chromatography for Sample Prep
Guide to Reverse Phase SpinColumns Chromatography for Sample Prep www.harvardapparatus.com Contents Introduction...2-3 Modes of Separation...4-6 Spin Column Efficiency...7-8 Fast Protein Analysis...9 Specifications...10
More informationStorage-stable Aqueous Solutions of Chlorine Dioxide
White Paper Storage-stable Aqueous Solutions of Chlorine Dioxide Tom McWhorter November 14, 2014 Abstract Chlorine dioxide is a powerful, selective biocide. Aqueous solutions of chlorine dioxide have many
More informationWOVEN CARPET DRY CLEANING KIT INFORMATION & DIRECTIONS FOR USE. Ph: 1800 339 379. www.interfloors.com.au
WOVEN CARPET DRY CLEANING KIT INFORMATION & DIRECTIONS FOR USE Ph: 1800 339 379 www.interfloors.com.au Benefits of cleaning with the Dry Cleaning System Suitable for all types of carpeting from Naturals
More informationStudy of the CLEANING IN PLACE techniques Public report. www.ozonecip.net
Study of the CLEANING IN PLACE techniques Public report Introduction The Ozonecip Project is a demonstration project that aims to contribute to the achievement of a reduction in the environmental impact
More informationBio-Clean. for Septic Systems. Tips for Using Bio-Clean. Page Index METRIC CONVERSIONS
Bio-Clean for Septic Systems METRIC CONVERSIONS 1 tablespoon = 15ml 1/4 cup = 57 ml 1/3 cup = 76 ml 1/2 cup = 114 ml 1 pint = 1/2 litre 1 quart = 1 litre 1/2 gallon = 2 litres 1 gallon = 4 litres 1 pound
More informationWHAT DOES A SWIMMING POOL OPERATOR NEED TO KNOW?
WHAT DOES A SWIMMING POOL OPERATOR NEED TO KNOW? 1. POOL VOLUME The volume of your pool is the most important number you need to know. The volume is the number of gallons of water in your pool. a. The
More informationWater Treatment & Purification Chemicals
Lime-Out Extra Water Treatment Cleaning Chemicals Dissolves tough lime, calcium & rust stains Non-abrasive thick jelly like liquid clings to vertical surfaces Cleans tubs, sinks, shower doors, dishwashers
More informationIron and Manganese BACTERIA AND IRON AND MANGANESE
Iron and Manganese Iron and manganese control is the most common type of municipal water treatment in Minnesota. Iron and manganese occur naturally in groundwater. Neither element causes adverse heath
More informationIon Exchange Softening
Ion Exchange Softening Ion-exchange is used extensively in small water systems and individual homes. Ion-exchange resin, (zeolite) exchanges one ion from the water being treated for another ion that is
More informationMeat Processing Sanitation Program
Meat Processing Sanitation Program Proper sanitation in food processing facilities is critical to ensure the production of wholesome, quality products for your customers and a safe environment for your
More informationWire Drawing Soap Lubrication: Principles And Factors Affecting Selection
Wire Drawing Soap Lubrication: Principles And Factors Affecting Selection 1 Wire Products 2 Rod: The Starting Material 3 The tool: Wire Drawing machines Dry Draw Bench Courtesy of Lamnea Bruk, Ljusfallshammar,
More informationSwimming Pool Maintenance
Swimming Pool Maintenance Steps to remove algae in swimming pools 1. Brush the walls and floor of the swimming pool to remove as much of the algae as possible. This will greatly reduce the amount of time
More informationIndustrial and Institutional Cleaning Formularies
Industrial and Institutional Cleaning Formularies Laundry Commercial Formulations Included Highly Alkaline Built Liquid Non-Phosphate L-301 Highly Alkaline Built Liquid with Phosphate L-302 Non-Caustic,
More informationChapter 16: Tests for ions and gases
The position of hydrogen in the reactivity series Hydrogen, although not a metal, is included in the reactivity series because it, like metals, can be displaced from aqueous solution, only this time the
More informationLesson Plan: How Do We Clean Polluted Water?
Lesson Plan: How Do We Clean Polluted Water? Oil Spill Cleanup / Phosphate Cleanup / Groundwater Contamination / Water Treatment Simulation Estimated Time: 2-4 days State Standards taught and addressed
More informationMolecular Models in Biology
Molecular Models in Biology Objectives: After this lab a student will be able to: 1) Understand the properties of atoms that give rise to bonds. 2) Understand how and why atoms form ions. 3) Model covalent,
More informationIntroducing an All New Line of Cleaning Chemicals
www.alltemp.ca Introducing an All New Line of Cleaning Chemicals Coil Cleaners & Brighteners Metal Cleaning Detergents Ice Machine Cleaners Scale Removers Electronic Cell Cleaner Degreasing Solvent Leak
More informationCITY OF GOLDEN DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS, ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES DIVISION
CITY OF GOLDEN DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS, ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES DIVISION Grease, So What's the Problem? Does your facility produce grease? All commercial cooking facilities generate Fats, Oil, and Grease
More informationExtran detergents the perfect solution for cleaning your laboratory utensils
Extran detergents the perfect solution for cleaning your laboratory utensils Extran detergents Extran laboratory cleansers are the perfect solution for cleaning your laboratory utensils to Merck Millipore
More informationExperiment 16-Acids, Bases and ph
Definitions acid-an ionic compound that releases or reacts with water to form hydrogen ion (H + ) in aqueous solution. They taste sour and turn litmus red. Acids react with certain metals such as zinc,
More informationHardness - Multivalent metal ions which will form precipitates with soaps. e.g. Ca 2+ + (soap) Ca(soap) 2 (s)
Water Softening (Precipitation Softening) (3 rd DC 178; 4 th DC 235) 1. Introduction Hardness - Multivalent metal ions which will form precipitates with soaps. e.g. Ca 2+ + (soap) Ca(soap) 2 (s) Complexation
More informationCHAPTER V: DISPOSAL OF WASTES CONTAMINATED WITH INFECTIOUS AGENTS
CHAPTER V: DISPOSAL OF WASTES CONTAMINATED WITH INFECTIOUS AGENTS These biohazard waste disposal guidelines are designed to not only protect the public and the environment, but also laboratory and custodial
More informationWASTEWATER TREATMENT OBJECTIVES
WASTEWATER TREATMENT OBJECTIVES The student will do the following: 1. Define wastewater and list components of wastewater. 2. Describe the function of a wastewater treatment plant. 3. Create a wastewater
More informationCHEMICAL DETERMINATION OF EVERYDAY HOUSEHOLD CHEMICALS
CHEMICAL DETERMINATION OF EVERYDAY HOUSEHOLD CHEMICALS Purpose: It is important for chemists to be able to determine the composition of unknown chemicals. This can often be done by way of chemical tests.
More informationUniperol SE. Technical Information
Technical Information Uniperol SE TI/T 7148 e December 2002 (RV) Supersedes TI/T 5906 e of February 1988 = Registered trademark of BASF Aktiengesellschaft Versatile levelling agent in the dyeing of wool,
More informationEXPERIMENT 20: Determination of ph of Common Substances
Materials: ph paper and color chart (ph range 3 to 12) or ph meter distilled water white vinegar household ammonia (or baking soda) spot plate test or 3 small test tubes stirring rod solutions / fruits
More informationProfessional Certification in Biological Waste Management Examination Content, Sample Questions & References
Professional Certification in Biological Waste Management Examination Content, Sample Questions & References The IFBA s Professional Certification (PC) in Biological Waste Management identifies individuals
More informationCleaning and Disinfecting
Handout #5.1 It is inevitable that germs will spread to surfaces and objects after being soiled with blood or bodily fluids such as stool, urine, vomit, mucus, saliva, human milk, etc. To prevent the spread
More informationHot Tub Start-up Guide
HOT TUB GUIDE Hot Tub Start-up Guide Connect to the electricity supply. Get a qualified electrician to do this, as you need a Part P certificate for your warranty and potentially for your home insurance.
More informationExperiment 7: Titration of an Antacid
1 Experiment 7: Titration of an Antacid Objective: In this experiment, you will standardize a solution of base using the analytical technique known as titration. Using this standardized solution, you will
More informationAdditional Lecture: TITRATION BASICS
Additional Lecture: TITRATION BASICS 1 Definition and Applications Titration is the incremental addition of a reagent solution (called titrant) to the analyte until the reaction is complete Common applications:
More informationCleaning and Disinfection Agenda. 1. Cleanroom Classification. Cleanroom Classification. What does contamination mean? Types of contamination
Cleaning and Disinfection Agenda CLEANING AND DISINFECTION TECHNIQUES Barbara Wessels Key Account Manager Ecolab Contamination Control October 2014 1. Cleanroom classification and definition 2. Sources
More informationOxidation of Cyclohexanol to Cyclohexanone
Reminder: These notes are meant to supplement, not replace, the laboratory manual. Oxidation of Cyclohexanol to Cyclohexanone History and Application: Oxidation reactions are incredibly important in the
More informationTable of Contents. Introduction... 1. Personal Hygiene... 2. Temperature Control... 5. Cross-contamination... 6. Cleaning and Sanitizing...
Table of Contents Introduction... 1 Food Handler Certification Program... 1 Personal Hygiene... 2 Temperature Control... 5 Cross-contamination... 6 Cleaning and Sanitizing... 6 Dishwashing... 7 Food Storage...
More informationNational Precast Concrete Association
National Precast Concrete Association NOTES 1. This manual does not claim or imply that it addresses any safety-related issues associated with its use. Operation and maintenance of precast concrete grease
More informationTHE USE OF OZONE IN COOLING TOWERS
THE USE OF OZONE IN COOLING TOWERS Paul D. McNicholas Ozonia Ltd Duebendorf, Switzerland Abstract Ozone has been successfully applied to industrial cooling water systems with the resultant improvement
More informationDigiBlock Sample Preparation System APPLICATION NOTES LABTECH INC. Your Lab, Our Tech
E D 3 6 & E H D 3 6 DigiBlock Sample Preparation System APPLICATION NOTES LABTECH INC. Your Lab, Our Tech CONTENT 1 ENVIRONMENTAL... 5 1.1 SOIL... 5 1.2 WASTE WATER... 6 2 FOOD... 7 2.1 RICE... 7 2.2
More informationQuaternary Ammonium Compounds DOC316.53.01128
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds DOC316.53.01128 Direct Binary Complex Method Method 8337 0.2 to 5.0 mg/l as CTAB (cetyl-trimethylammonium bromide) Powder Pillows Scope and application: For cooling tower
More informationECOLOGICAL LINE of bioexpert PRODUCTS
Recommended application Product s name bioexpert BIOLOGICAL TABLES for septic tanks and sewage systems for cesspools, septic tanks and sewage systems: bioexpert BIOLOGICAL DEGREASER for sewage systems
More informationMetal Ion + EDTA Metal EDTA Complex
Simplified Removal of Chelated Metals Sultan I. Amer, AQUACHEM INC. Metal Finishing, April 2004, Vol. 102 No. 4 Chelating agents are used in large quantities in industrial applications involving dissolved
More informationINGREDIENTS BY FUNCTION
INGREDIENTS BY FUNCTION Tide Compact Powder Original Scent Bleach Activator An additive that helps boost the performance of active oxygen bleaching systems in a detergent. Nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate Is
More informationMAINTAINING YOUR SPA WATER
MAINTAINING YOUR SPA WATER Tap water that is safe to drink is not always safe for a spa. Normal tap water is usually filled with minerals and microcontaminants that are not visible to the naked eye. Properly
More informationposition statement INFECTION CONTROL INTRODUCTION POSITION STATEMENT PERFORMANCE EXPECTATIONS
INFECTION CONTROL INTRODUCTION Appropriate infection control is an essential element of clinical practice management based on its importance to the health and safety of patients, practitioners and the
More informationCleaning Fluids: Soaps and Detergents
Cleaning Fluids: Soaps and Detergents Outcomes: Students will be expected to: Relate personal activities in formal and informal settings to specific science disciplines. (109-10) Provide examples of scientific
More information